DE102007047336A1 - Lubricating oils with improved ability to control piston deposits - Google Patents

Abstract

The lubricant composition of the present disclosure comprises a major amount of an oil base and a minor amount of an additive composition comprising an overbased detergent and a low basic detergent, wherein the lubricant composition has a salt to metal ratio in the range of about 3.0 to about 8.0.

Description

Area of the revelation

The present disclosure relates to a lubricant composition, their manufacturing process and use. More specifically, the present concerns Disclosure of a lubricant composition which is an overbased Detergent and a low basic detergent.

Background of the Revelation

Lubricating oils, which suitable for use in modern engines, industrial performance specifications, like ILSAC GF-4 and API SM. One of the requirements of ILSAC GF-4 and API SM is the sequence To pass the IIIG test. The sequence IIIG test measures the oil thickening and the piston deposits during High temperature conditions. To the minimum standard for GF-4 / SM to fulfill, Must the test oil a sequence IIIG viscosity increase at 150% maximum and weighted piston deposition (WPD) at 3.5 minimal result. However, some OEMs demanded higher levels of performance for your special engine family, as in their internal specifications is made a condition. For example, General Motors requires GM4718M the sequence IIIG viscosity increase at 90% maximum and the WPD at 5.5 minimal.

Accordingly, there is a need for a lubricant composition containing the higher levels of performance, such as required by the new engine generation can meet. The present disclosure suggests a lubricant composition comprising at least one of improved assets to control piston deposits and viscosity control can have.

SUMMARY

According to the disclosure There is a lubricant composition which is a major amount an oil basis and a minor amount of an additive composition which an overbased detergent and a low basic detergent, wherein the lubricant composition comprises relationship from salt to metal ranging from about 3.0 to about 8.0.

According to one another embodiment The present teaching has a method for improving the Piston purity, which involves providing a lubricant composition, which is a major amount of an oil base and a minor amount of an additive composition comprising an overbased one Detergent and a low basic detergent, at least a piston, wherein the lubricant composition is a relationship from salt to metal ranging from about 3.0 to about 8.0.

According to one more another embodiment The present teaching has a method for completing a Sequence IIIG tests on a combustion system providing a lubricant composition containing a major amount of an oil base and a minor amount of an additive composition comprising an overbased one Detergent and a low basic detergent, included in the combustion system wherein the lubricant composition is a ratio of salt to metal in the range of about 3.0 to about 8.0.

According to one another embodiment The present teaching has a method of lubricating moving parts a machine, the method comprising contacting at least a moving member with a lubricant composition which a major amount of an oil basis and a minor amount of an additive composition comprising an overbased one Detergent and a low basic detergent, comprises, wherein the lubricant composition is a salt to metal ratio Range from about 3.0 to about 8.0.

additional Advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in part in the description which follows, set out and can be experienced through the practice of the revelation. The benefits will be by the elements and combinations, which in particular in the appended claims be presented, realized and achieved.

It is taken for granted, that both the above general description and the The following detailed description is only by way of example and for explanation and for the disclosure as claimed is not limiting.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

Even though the numerical ranges and parameters representing the broad scope expose the revelation, approximations are the numerical values which in the specific examples are as accurate as possible specified. Each numerical value contains however inherent certain errors, which necessarily come from the standard deviation result, found in their respective test measurements becomes. About that In addition, all areas disclosed herein should be understood as that they include any and all sub-areas summed up therein. For example, a range of "less than 10" can be any and all Sub-ranges between (and including) the minimum value zero and the maximum value 10, that is, any and all sub-areas with a minimum value of equal or higher than Zero and a maximum value equal to or lower than 10, e.g. 1 to 5.

The The lubricant composition of the present disclosure may be one Main quantity of an oil basis and a minor amount of an additive composition comprising an overbased detergent and a low basic detergent, wherein the lubricant composition a relationship from salt to metal ranging from about 3.0 to about 8.0. As used herein, the term "bulk" means a quantity higher than or equal to 50% by weight, for example from about 80 to about 98% by weight, relative to the total weight of the lubricant composition. Furthermore, As used herein, the term "minor constituent amount" means a lot less than 50% by weight, relative to the total weight of the lubricant composition.

The disclosed lubricant composition and additive composition can for a variety of uses, such as crankcase lubricant composition for spark-ignited and compression-ignited internal combustion engines, including car and truck engines, Two-stroke engines, aircraft piston engines, marine and low-pressure diesel engines, rotary engines, Hybrid engines and the like.

Base oils which are suitable for use in formulating the disclosed compositions are, can be selected from any of the synthetic or mineral oils or mixtures thereof. mineral oils shut down animal oil and vegetable oils (e.g., castor oil, lard oil) as well as other mineral lubricating oils like light oils based on petroleum and solvent-treated or acid-treated Mineral lubricating oils paraffin, naphthene and paraffin-naphthenic mixture types. Coal or shale derived oils may also be suitable. Further are also oils, which of a gas-liquid process are derived, suitable.

The oil basis may typically have a viscosity of, for example, about 2 to about 15 cSt and as another example about 2 to about 10 cSt at 100 ° C exhibit. Consequently, you can the oil bases usually a viscosity in the range of about SAE 50 to SAE 250 and they can be more common ranging from about SAE 70W to about SAE 140. Suitable vehicle oils also shut down Cross qualities like 75W-140, 80W-90, 85W-140, 85W-90, and the like.

Non-limiting examples of synthetic oils shut down Hydrocarbon oils such as polymerized and interpolymerized olefins (e.g., polybutylenes, Polypropylenes, propylene-isobutylene copolymers, etc.); Poly-alpha-olefins (e.g., poly (1-hexenes), poly (1-octenes), Poly (1-decene), etc. and mixtures thereof); Alkylbenzene (e.g., dodecylbenzene, Tetradecylbenzene, dinonylbenzene, di (2-ethylhexyl) benzene, etc.); polyphenyls (e.g., biphenyls, terphenyl, alkylated polyphenyls, etc.); alkylated Diphenyl ethers and alkylated diphenyl sulfides and the derivatives, analogs and homologs thereof and the like.

Alkylene oxide polymers and interpolymers and derivatives thereof wherein the terminal hydroxyl groups have been modified by esterification, etherification, etc. represent another class of known synthetic oils which may be used. Such oils are characterized by the oils which are formed by polymerization of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, the alkyl and aryl ethers of these polyoxyalkylene polymers (eg, methylpolyisopropylene glycol ether having an average molecular weight of about 1,000, diphenyl ether of polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of about 500 to 1,000, diethyl ether of polypropylene glycol having a molecular weight of about 1,000 to 1,500, etc.) or mono- and polycarboxylic esters thereof, for example the acetic acid esters, mixed C _3-8 fatty acid esters or the C ₁₃ -oxoic diesters of tetraethylene glycol, exemplified.

Another class of synthetic oils that may be used includes the ethers of dicarboxylic acids (eg, phthalic acid, succinic acid, alkylsuccinic acids, alkenylsuccinic acids, maleate re, azelaic, suberic, sebacic, fumaric, adipic, linoleic, malonic, alkylmalonic, alkenylmalonic, etc.) with a variety of alcohols (eg, butyl alcohol, hexyl alcohol, dodecyl alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol monoether, propylene glycol, etc.) , Specific examples of these esters include dibutyl adipate, di (2-ethylhexyl) sebacate, di-n-hexyl fumarate, dioctyl sebacate, diisooctyl azelate, diisodecyl azelate, dioctyl phthalate, didecyl phthalate, dieicosyl sebacate, the 2-ethylhexyl diester of linoleic acid dimer, the complex ester formed by reacting one mole of sebacic acid formed with two moles of tetraethylene glycol and two moles of 2-ethylhexanoic acid, and the like.

Esters useful as synthetic oils also include those made from C _5-12 monocarboxylic acids and polyols and polyol ethers such as neopentyl glycol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, tripentaerythritol, etc.

Thus, the oil base which may be used to prepare the compositions as described herein may be selected from any of the oil bases in Groups I to V as specified in the American Petroleum Institute (API) Base Oil Interchangeability Guidelines. Such basic oil groups are as follows:
Group I contains less than 90% saturates and / or more than 0.03% sulfur and has a viscosity index of greater than or equal to 80 and lower than 120; Group II contains greater than or equal to 90% saturates and less than or equal to 0.03% sulfur and has a viscosity index greater than or equal to 80 and less than 120; Group III contains greater than or equal to 90% saturates and less than or equal to 0.03% sulfur and has a viscosity index greater than or equal to 120; Group IV are poly-alpha-olefins (PAO); and Group V includes all other bases not included in Group I, II, III or IV.

The Test methods used in the definition of the above groups used are ASTM D2007 for saturated substances; ASTM D2270 for Viscosity Index; and one of ASTM D2622, 4294, 4927 and 3120 for sulfur.

group IV basics, i. Poly-alpha-olefins (PAO), include hydrogenated Oligomers of an alpha-olefin, wherein the main oligomerization Radical, Ziegler catalysis and cationic Friedel-Crafts catalysis are.

The Poly-alpha-olefins typically have viscosities in the range from 2 to 100 cSt at 100 ° C, to Example, about 4 to about 8 cSt at 100 ° C, on. You can to Example oligomers of branched or straight-chain alpha-olefins with about 2 to about 30 carbon atoms; non-limiting examples Polypropenes, polyisobutenes, poly-1-butenes, Poly-1-hexenes, poly-1-octenes and poly-1-decene. Locked in are homopolymers, interpolymers and mixtures.

Regarding the remainder of the base referred to above, includes a group I foundation "too a Group I basis, with which a basis (s) of a or more other groups can be mixed, provided that the resulting mixture has characteristics which are in those fall for the above Group I basics were specified.

exemplary Close the basics Group I basics and mixtures of Group II basics with group I basics.

Basics which are suitable for use herein can be determined using a Variety of different processes, which distillation, solvent refining, Hydrogen processing, oligomerization, esterification and renewed Include refining, but not limited to that are to be produced.

The oil base may be an oil derived from Fischer-Tropsch synthesized hydrocarbons. Fischer-Tropsch synthesized hydrocarbons can be produced using a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst from synthesis gas containing H ₂ and CO. Such hydrocarbons typically require further processing to be useful as the base oil. For example, the hydrocarbons may be prepared using in US Pat. No. 6,103,099 or 6,180,575 disclosed methods hydroisomerized; using in US Pat. No. 4,943,672 or 6,096,940 disclosed methods hydrocracked and hydroisomerized; using in U.S. Pat. No. 5,882,505 dewaxed; or using in US Pat. No. 6,013,171 ; 6,080,301 or 6,165,949 disclosed methods are hydroisomerized and dewaxed.

Not refined, refined and refined oils, either of the mineral type or synthesized (as well as mixtures of two or more of any of these), as disclosed above, can be found in the oil bases be used. Unrefined oils are those that are direct from a mineral or synthetic source without further purification treatment to be obtained. For example a shale oil, obtained directly from retort smoldering, a petroleum-based oil, which directly from a primary Distillation is obtained, or an ester oil, which directly from a Esterification process is obtained, and which without further treatment used, an unrefined oil. Refined oils are similar to unrefined oils, except that they continue to be treated in one or more purification steps were to improve one or more properties. Many such Cleaning techniques are known in the art, such as solvent extraction, secondary Distillation, acid or base extraction, filtration, percolation, etc. Re-refined oils obtained by methods similar to those for obtaining of refined oils used, the methods applied to refined oils which have already been used in the company. Such again refined oils are also known as regenerated or remanufactured oils and often in addition processed by techniques that consumed the removal of Additives, impurities and oil degradation products are aligned.

detergents can be present in the disclosed compositions to be an insoluble material to keep in suspension, and their deposit, where they can be dangerous could, prevent. Detergents can also disperse already formed deposits. detergents can typically acid-neutralizing Own properties. The lubricant and disclosed herein Additive compositions can comprise at least one detergent. In one embodiment, the Lubricant and additive compositions at least two detergents one of which is an overbased detergent and the other of which may be a low basic detergent can.

The Detergents used here may be any detergent. Non-limiting examples of detergents shut down Sulphonates, phenates (phenolates), sulphurised phenates (phenolates), Carboxylates, salicylates, thiophosphonates, naphthenates of a metal, in particular of alkali or alkaline earth metals, for example barium, Sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium and magnesium, and combinations one of them.

in the Generally can the detergents have a polar head with a long hydrophobic Tail, wherein the polar head is a metal salt of an organic Acid includes. The salts can a substantially stoichiometric Include amount of metal. The total base number (TBN) of a detergent is the amount of acid, which neutralize the entire base content of the material is used, and can according to ASTM D 2896 be determined. As an example, an overbased detergent with a TBN of 150 or higher by reacting an acidic material (typically an inorganic material) Acid or low carboxylic acid, like carbon dioxide) with a mixture containing an acidic organic Compound and a stoichiometric excess to metal base.

One low basic detergent which is in the disclosed lubricant composition can be used, a TBN of about 150 or lower, for example, lower than about 80, as another example lower than 50, and as another example, lower than about 30.

The Low basic detergent can be used in the disclosed lubricant composition in any desired or effective amount. In one embodiment may be the low basic detergent in the lubricant composition in an amount ranging from about 0.1% to about 3.5% by weight, for example about 0.5% by weight up to about 3% by weight and as another example about 1.0% by weight up to about 3% by weight, relative to the total weight percent of the lubricant composition, to be available. The low basic detergent can have a metal content in the range of about 0.005 wt.% to about 0.175 wt.%, for example about 0.025 wt.% to about 0.15 wt.%, and as another example from about 0.075% to about 0.15% by weight, relative to the total weight percent of the low basic detergent.

The overbased Detergent for use in the disclosed lubricant composition may a TBN of higher than about 150, for example higher than about 250, and as another example, higher than about 400. In one embodiment For example, the TBN may range from about 150 to about 500.

The overbased detergent may be present in the disclosed lubricant composition in any desired or effective amount. In one embodiment, the overbased detergent may be present in an amount ranging from about 0.5 wt.% To about 3.5 wt.%, For example, about 1 wt.% To about 2.5 wt.%, Relative to the total weight of the lubricant composition. The above basic detergent may have a metal content in the range of from about 0.05% to about 0.7% by weight, and for example from about 0.1% to about 0.5% by weight, relative to the total weight percent of overbased detergent.

In various embodiments For example, the disclosed lubricant composition may have a weight ratio of low basic detergents to overbased Detergent in the range of about 0.1 to about 7, for example, about 0.2 to about 5, and as another example about 0.5 to about 2.5, exhibit.

In some embodiments For example, the disclosed lubricant composition may have a ratio of salt to metal in the range of about 3.0 to about 8.0, for example, about 3.5 to about 7.5, and as another example about 4.0 to about 6.5, have.

Non-limiting examples Suitable metal-containing detergents include salts and overbased Salts of such substances as lithium phenates, sodium phenates, Potassium phenates, calcium phenates, magnesium phenolates, barium phenates, Sulfurized lithium phenolates, sulfurized barium phenolates, sulfurized Sodium phenolates, sulfurized potassium phenates, sulfurized calcium phenates and sulfurized magnesium phenolates, wherein each aromatic radical one or more aliphatic radicals to hydrocarbon solubility to rent; Lithium sulfonates, barium sulfonates, sodium sulfonates, Potassium sulfonates, calcium sulfonates and magnesium sulfonates, wherein each sulfonic acid unit is bound to an aromatic nucleus which itself normally contains one or more aliphatic substituents to hydrocarbon solubility to rent; Lithium salicylates, barium salicylates, sodium salicylates, Potassium salicylates, calcium salicylates and magnesium salicylates, wherein the aromatic moiety usually with one or more aliphatic Substituents are substituted to hydrocarbon solubility to rent; lithium, sodium, barium, potassium, calcium and magnesium salts of hydrolyzed phosphosulfurized olefins with 10 to 2,000 carbon atoms or hydrolyzed phosphosulfurated Alcohols and / or aliphatic substituted phenolic compounds with 10 to 2,000 carbon atoms; Lithium, sodium, barium, Potassium, calcium and magnesium salts of aliphatic carboxylic acids and aliphatic-substituted cycloaliphatic carboxylic acids; and many others similar Alkali and alkaline earth metal salts of oil-soluble organic acids but not limited to that. Mixtures of overbased Salts of two or more different alkali and / or alkaline earth metals can be used. Likewise also overbased Salts of mixtures of two or more different acids or two or more different types of acids (e.g., one or more overbased Calcium phenates with one or more overbased calcium sulfonates) be used.

Methods of making overbased alkali and alkaline earth metal-containing detergents are known to those skilled in the art and are extensively reported in the patent literature. See, for example, the revelations of US Pat. No. 2,451,345 ; 2,451,346 ; 2,485,861 ; 2,501,731 ; 2,501,732 ; 2,585,520 ; 2,671,758 ; 2,616,904 ; 2,616,905 ; 2,616,906 ; 2,616,911 ; 2,616,924 ; 2,616,925 ; 2,617,049 ; 2,695,910 ; 3,178,368 ; 3,367,867 ; 3,488,284 ; 3,496,105 ; 3,629,109 ; 3,779,920 ; 3,865,737 ; 3,907,691 ; 4,100,085 ; 4,129,589 ; 4,137,184 ; 4,148,740 ; 4,212,752 ; 4,394,277 ; 4,563,293 ; 4,617,135 ; 4,647,387 ; 4,880,550 ; 5,075,383 ; 5,139,688 ; 5,238,588 ; 5,652,201 ; 6,107,257 ; 6,444,625 ; 6,869,919 and 6,423,670 ; the published GB patent application 2,082,619 A ; and European Patent Application Publication No. 0 121 024 B1 and 0 259 974 A2 the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.

The lubricant composition of the present disclosure may also include "hybrid" detergents formed with surfactant mixture systems, eg, phenolate / salicylates, sulfonate / phenolates, sulfonate / salicylates, sulfonates / phenates / salicylates, such as in US Pat US Pat. No. 6,153,565 ; 6,281,179 ; 6,429,178 ; 6,429,179 and 6,869,919 described.

Another class of detergents that can be used in the lubricant composition of the present disclosure include zinc detergents, such as zinc sulfonates, zinc carboxylates, zinc salicylates, zinc phenates, and sulfurized zinc phenates, and mixtures thereof, as described in U.S. Pat US Pat. No. 6,482,788 which is incorporated herein by reference. Overbased zinc detergents can be prepared by reaction between a neutral zinc detergent and a metal hydroxide. This reaction may typically take place using carbon dioxide in the presence of a promoter, which is generally an alcohol-type material. The promoter dissolves a small amount of the metal hydroxide, which is subsequently reacted with carbon dioxide to form a metal carbonate. The amount of metal carbonate incorporated into the overbased detergents may vary depending on the use for which the overbased detergent is used. Zinc sulfonates such as, but not limited to, aromatic zinc Dihydrocarbyl sulfonates such as zinc dialkyl naphthalene sulfonate may also be used in the lubricant composition of the present disclosure. The zinc dialkylnaphthalenesulfonate has a sulfonate group bonded to a ring of the naphthalene nucleus and an alkyl group attached to each ring. Each alkyl group may independently contain about six to about twenty carbon atoms, but they may contain about eight to twelve carbon atoms. The dialkylnaphthalenesulfonate moiety is linked to the zinc by the sulfonate group.

The Lubricating composition may further comprise other optional additives, such as dispersants, anti-wear agents, antioxidants, Antifoam, diluent, Friction modifier, viscosity index improver, Pour point depressants, etc. include. These optional additives can be in any desired effective amount, as long as they do not contain the disclosed detergents influence.

According to different embodiments There is a method for improving the purity of the pistons. Like here used, the phrase "improvement of the piston cleanliness" means the increase of Purity of the flask, e.g. reducing the amount of deposits on the piston, as compared to a piston in which the disclosed Lubricant composition was not provided. The procedure for Improving piston purity may include providing a lubricant composition, which is a major amount of an oil base and a minor amount of an additive composition comprising an overbased one Detergent and a low basic detergent, at least a piston, wherein the lubricant composition is a relationship from salt to metal ranging from about 3.0 to about 8.0.

In other embodiments There is a procedure for completing a Sequence IIIG test in a combustion system. The method may include providing a A lubricant composition containing a major amount of an oil base and a minor amount of an additive composition in which Combustion system, wherein the additive composition is an overbased detergent and a low basic detergent, wherein the lubricant composition a relationship from salt to metal ranging from about 3.0 to about 8.0.

"Incineration system" here means to Example and not for restriction here, any diesel-electric hybrid vehicle, a gasoline-electric hybrid vehicle, a two-stroke engine, any and all burners and combustion units, including, for example and not for restriction here, stationary Burner (household heating, industrial, boilers, stoves), incinerators, Diesel fuel burners, diesel fuel engines (with single Injection and common rail), engines, HCCI engines, vehicle diesel engines, Gasoline fuel burners, gasoline fuel engines (PFI and DIG), Power plant units and the like. The combustion systems for hydrocarbon-rich Fuels which benefit from the present disclosure can pull, shut down all combustion units, systems, devices and / or motors, which fuels burn. "Combustion system" means here too any and all internal and external combustion devices, -machines, engines, turbine engines, engines, boilers, incinerators, Evaporating burners, plasma burner systems, plasma arc, stationary burners and the like, which are a hydrocarbon-rich fuel can burn or in which this can be burned.

According to different embodiments is there a method for lubricating moving parts of a machine, the method comprising contacting at least one moving member with a lubricant composition containing a major amount of an oil base and a minor amount of an additive composition comprising an overbased one Detergent and a low basic detergent, comprises, wherein the lubricant composition is a salt to metal ratio Range from about 3.0 to about 8.0. In some embodiments The machine can be used in the process of lubricating moving parts selected from the group which are made of spark-ignited ones and compression-ignited internal combustion engines, including car and truck engines, Gas engines, diesel engines, turbine engines, aircraft piston engines, Marine engines, Wankel engines and hybrid engines.

EXAMPLE

Three different lubricant compositions: A, B and C were formulated as shown in Table 1. A and B were formulated with similar dispersant / detergent inhibitor (DI) systems but with different mixtures of fluid bases. B and C were similar in fluidity, but formulated with different ratios of overbased detergent to low basic detergent. Table 1 A 5W-30 B 5W-30 C 5W-30 dispersants number 1 1.5 1.5 1.5 No. 2 3.2 3.2 3.2 detergent number 1 Overbased Ca sulfonate (TBN 307, 25% neutral salt) 1.6 (0.19 wt.% Ca) 1.6 (0.19 wt.% Ca) 1.4 (0.17 wt.% Ca) No. 2 Low-base Ca sulfonate (TBN 28, 40% neutral salt) 0.5 (0.013% by weight Ca) 0.5 (0.013% by weight Ca) 2.5 (0.065% by weight Ca) Anti-wear agents ZDDP 0.85 0.85 0.85 Antioxidant number 1 0.5 0.5 0.5 No. 2 - 1.0 1.0 No. 3 1.0 - - No. 4 0.3 0.3 0.3 Anti-foaming agents 0,006 0,006 0,006 Diluent oil 0.594 0.594 0.594 Friction modifiers 0.35 0.35 0.35 Means for improving the viscosity index 8.0 8.0 7.8 Pour point depressants 0.1 0.1 0.1 Oil base number 1 Group III 10.0 - - No. 2 Group III - 26.5 34.9 No. 3 Group V - 15.0 5.0 No. 4 Group IV 33.0 40.0 40.0 No. 5 Group I 16.5 - - No. 6 Group I 22.0 - - total 100.0 100.0 100.0

Table 2 provides the elemental analysis of the three formulations. Table 2 Analytical data A 5W-30 B 5W-30 C 5W-30 phosphorus Wt .-% 0,068 0,068 0,068 zinc Wt .-% 0.078 0.078 0.078 calcium Wt .-% 0.20 0.20 0.24 Ratio of salt to metal 2.95 2.95 5.83

The three formulations A, B and C as described in Table 1 were subjected to the Sequence IIIG test to measure oil thickness and piston deposits under high temperature conditions and to provide information on valve timing wear. Table 3 shows the results of the sequence IIIG tests. Table 3 Sequence IIIG test limit for GM4718M A 5W-30 B 5W-30 C 5W-30 100 hours viscosity increase 90% maximum 53.4 28.1 27.6 Weighted piston deposit 5.5 minimal 4.10 4.56 5.76 Average camshaft and cam wear 60 μm maximum 18.8 16.2 15.8 oil consumption 1 2.71 2.06 2.23

As As can be seen in Table 3, A and B completed the sequence IIIG requirements for GF-4 / SM, but missed the fulfillment the stricter WPD performance (WPD at 5.5 minimum) for GM4718M. Further It must be noted that C is a better one in terms of WPD Performance showed as B. Because B and C are essentially the same Formulated mixture of fluid bases, but with different Ratios of overbased Detergent to low-alkaline detergent, may perform better C the different mixture of overbased and lowbasic Be attributed detergent. Table 2 also shows the elemental analysis of the three formulations A, B and C. It should be noted that, while A and B the same ratio from salt to metal, C has a higher value.

At numerous places everywhere in this description, a number of U.S. patents patents published foreign Patent applications and published technical articles Referenced. All such listed documents are expressly made in full This revelation is taken as if fully set forth herein.

For the purpose This description and the appended claims are intended all numbers expressing amounts, percentages or proportions, and other numerical values used in the description and the claims than in all cases viewed modified by the term "about" unless otherwise stated. Accordingly, the numerical parameters, which in the following description and the attached claims are presented, approximations, which depends from the desired ones Properties which are attempted by the present disclosure get, can vary, unless otherwise stated. Finally, and not as an attempt that Application of the equivalent principle on the scope of the claims restrict should be at least considering each numerical parameter the number of indicated significant digits and by using be designed by simple rounding techniques.

It is noted that the singular forms "a,""an,""and,""the,""the," as used in this specification and the appended claims, include, if not explicitly and unambiguously, plural refer- ence a reference is restricted. For example, reference to "an antioxidant" includes one or more different antioxidants applies, the term "include" and its grammatical variants are intended to be non-limiting, so the listing of points in a list is not to the exclusion of other similar points which may be substituted or added to the listed points ,

These Invention is for a considerable one Variation in their practice receptive. Therefore, the above description is not intended the invention to the particular embodiments provided hereinabove restricts and it is not intended to be limiting be interpreted. Rather, what is intended to encompass is in the following claims and the equivalents of which are legally permitted.

Of the Applicant does not intend to use any disclosed embodiments the public price to give, and to the extent, in which it may be that any modifications or changes disclosed not literally in the Scope of the claims fall, they become part of the invention under the equivalent principle considered.

Claims (19)

A lubricant composition comprising: a Bulk of an oil basis; and a minor amount of an additive composition, comprising an overbased Detergent and a low basic detergent, wherein the lubricant composition a relationship from salt to metal ranging from about 3.0 to about 8.0. A lubricant composition according to claim 1, wherein the overbased Detergent and the low basic detergent are selected from the group consisting of which consists of sulfonates, phenolates, sulfurized phenates, carboxylates, Salicylates, thiophosphonates, naphthenates of a metal and combinations of which consists. Lubricant composition according to claims 1 to 2, the overbased Detergent in an amount ranging from about 0.5% by weight to about 3.5% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition is. A lubricant composition according to any one of the preceding Claims, the overbased detergent a total base number of higher than about 150. A lubricant composition according to any one of the preceding Claims, the overbased detergent a total base number of higher than about 250. A lubricant composition according to any one of the preceding Claims, the overbased detergent a metal content in the range of about 0.05% to about 0.7 % By weight. A lubricant composition according to claim 6, wherein the overbased Detergent has a metal content in the range of about 0.1 wt .-% to about 0.5 wt .-%. A lubricant composition according to any one of the preceding Claims, the weight ratio of the low basic detergent for overbased detergent in the area from about 0.1 to about 7. A lubricant composition according to any one of the preceding Claims, wherein the low basic detergent is in an amount in the range of from about 0.1% to about 3.5% by weight, relative to the total weight of the Composition, is present. A lubricant composition according to any one of the preceding Claims, wherein the low basic detergent has a total base number of about 150 or lower. A lubricant composition according to claim 10, wherein the low basic detergent has a total base number of lower than about 80. A lubricant composition according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the lower base has a metal content in the range of about 0.005 wt .-% to about 0.175 wt .-%. A lubricant composition according to claim 12, wherein the low basic detergent has a metal content in the range of about 0.025 wt .-% to about 0.15 wt .-%. A lubricant composition according to any one of the preceding Claims, wherein the lubricant composition has a salt to metal ratio in the Range from about 3.5 to about 7.5. A lubricant composition according to claim 14, wherein the lubricant composition is a salt to metal ratio Range from about 4.0 to about 6.5. A lubricant composition according to any one of the preceding Claims, further comprising at least one additive selected from the group selected which consists of dispersants, anti-wear agents, antioxidants, Friction modifiers, antifoams, diluents, Pour point depressants and means for improving the viscosity index. A method of improving piston cleanliness, comprising: the Providing a lubricant composition comprising a Bulk of an oil basis; and a minor amount of an additive composition which an overbased one Detergent and a low basic detergent comprises, at least a piston, wherein the lubricant composition has a ratio of Salt to metal in the range of about 3.0 to about 8.0. Procedure for completing a sequence IIIG test in a combustion system, comprising: providing a A lubricant composition containing a major amount of an oil base; and a minor amount of an additive composition comprising an overbased one Detergent and a low basic detergent, in the combustion system, comprises wherein the lubricant composition has a salt to metal ratio in the Range from about 3.0 to about 8.0. The method of claim 18, wherein the machine comprises the group selected which is spark-ignited and compression-ignited internal combustion engines exists.