DE102007063141A1 - Heating device for heating a building by means of a heat pump driven by an internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a heating device, in particular for use in buildings, for heating a building by means of a heat pump driven by a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine and at least one heat accumulator for absorbing heat energy, the heat accumulator housing enclosing or delimiting the internal combustion engine at least partially, wherein the heat accumulator at least one heat-conducting partition to forms the air surrounding the internal combustion engine. In order to create a compact and low-noise heating device with the greatest possible efficiency at relatively low cost, the partition with at least one particular cooling fins having heat sink to improve the heat transfer and / or at least one heat exchanger, in particular for heat recovery from the exhaust gas and / or from the lubricant Internal combustion engine, equipped. The internal combustion engine is for this purpose at least partially enclosed by a multi-functional, self-supporting, outwardly insulated housing, which also forms the tank of the heat accumulator, which preferably absorbs the waste heat of the engine coolant.

Description

The The invention relates to a particular for use in buildings certain heating device for heating a building by means of one of a liquid-cooled Internal combustion engine driven heat pump and at least one heat storage for absorbing heat energy, its heat storage housing the internal combustion engine at least partially enclosing or limited, wherein the Heat storage at least one heat-conducting partition to the air surrounding the internal combustion engine.

A such heating device is used in practice in particular the Supply of single or multi-family houses as well Office buildings or industrial facilities with the required thermal energy. For single-family homes are mostly systems with small electrical heat pumps used for hot water heating and heating. The heat pump is driven by an electric motor. In contrast, come in air conditioning systems for larger buildings also powerful Internal combustion engines, for. B. gas engines used. These plants are both for cooling, as well as for a heating operation designed. They are predominantly in warmer countries widely used and provide by means of the used air collectors good efficiency in cooling mode, during the Heating operation only at clearly positive outside air temperatures is effective.

In In practice there is a fundamental interest in optimization and further development of heat pumps to meet the heating needs especially for single-family homes and smaller ones Residential units as possible even cheaper cover and increase efficiency.

there have the equipment with gas engines or other conventional Internal combustion engines are equipped, the advantage of a higher primary energy efficiency than those with electrical Drives. Instead of an electric motor drives in this case an internal combustion engine, preferably with natural gas, diesel fuel or biomass, such as rapeseed oil or biogas operated can be, the heat pump. However needed the internal combustion engine a sound insulation. Furthermore are the basic investment costs as well as the operating and maintenance costs generally higher. So these systems are so far only for large Buildings with significant air conditioning or refrigeration needs economically reasonable, not for smaller units.

Of the Construction and function of the internal combustion engine driven plants are analogous to the heat pump driven by an electric motor, the compressor being directly or via a transmission from Internal combustion engine is driven. In addition, it can the heat from the cooling water as well as from the exhaust gas of the engine are discharged into the heating system.

The advantages over electric heat pumps are mainly in the higher primary energy utilization, in particular by attributable conversion and transmission losses in the electrical network and an associated relatively low specific CO ₂ emissions. In contrast to the electric heat pump, the losses due to waste heat from the internal combustion engine can be used to a greater or lesser extent. However, the use of air collectors and ventilation-cooled motors, which are generally installed externally from the building, is disadvantageous for maximum efficiency in the heating operation of internal combustion engine air conditioning units. Here are significant thermal losses in the environment, which reduce the efficiency.

An advanced device is for example by the US 2006/0059911 A1 in which a heat pump connected to a geothermal collector can be driven by an internal combustion engine. The thermal energy obtained by means of the internal combustion engine is supplied to a high-temperature reservoir while the energy obtained by means of the heat pump is supplied to a low-temperature reservoir. In order to increase the life of the internal combustion engine can be operated according to a specific embodiment and intermittently.

The DE 197 40 398 A1 discloses an internal combustion engine for driving a generator which is connected to a heat pump. Solar collectors are connected to the heat pump. The energy obtained by means of the internal combustion engine is supplied to a heat storage system, which has a hot and a cold storage.

From the DE 101 16 573 A1 Furthermore, a heat pump drivable by an internal combustion engine is known, which is connected to a ground collector, whereas according to the DE 34 14 002 A1 an internal combustion engine drives a heat pump which is connected to an air collector.

The DE 199 09 885 A1 also already discloses a compressor of a heat pump, which is driven by a drive motor.

The DE 26 33 662 A1 relates to a heating and power supply system. By a corre sp chende position of a valve, the water of a first and a second heat storage mixed and thus a temperature compensation can be made.

The DE 26 33 775 A1 refers to an engine heater, which essentially consists of an internal combustion engine, a heat pump and the heating system, wherein the internal combustion engine drives the compressor of the heat pump and the combustion heat generated by the engine is also supplied to the heating system as the heat emitted from the heat pump. A portion of the heat of combustion generated by the engine is discharged via the necessary cooling system for the engine via heat exchangers to the heating system.

A generic heating device according to the DE 30 14 357 A1 relates to a heating unit with an internal combustion engine and with heat transfer means for transmitting waste heat of the internal combustion engine to a Heizwasserkreislauf, wherein the internal combustion engine is arranged in a heat-conducting capsule which projects at least partially into a placed in the Heizwasserkreislauf water boiler. In addition, a compressor of a heat pump can be arranged in the capsule. By this arrangement is to be achieved that a equalization of Heizwassertemperatur serving buffer memory absorbs the heat loss of the engine and its exhaust gases and at the same time considerably increases the mass of the unit, whereby vibrations and the noise generated during the combustion process are absorbed and damped.

Of the The present invention is based on the object, one with a Internal combustion engine and a driven by this heat pump equipped Significantly improve heating device. In particular, should a compact, low-noise, easy to install, maintenance-intensive, durable, economical and environmentally friendly plant with highest possible efficiency with comparatively be made possible little effort.

These Object is according to the invention with a heating device solved according to the features of claim 1. The further embodiment of the invention is the subclaims refer to.

According to the invention a heating device provided with heat pump, at the partition between the heat storage and the Internal combustion engine surrounding air with at least one particular Cooling fins having heat sink for Improvement of the heat transfer and / or at least a heat exchanger, in particular for heat recovery from the exhaust gas and / or from the lubricant of the internal combustion engine Is provided. The internal combustion engine is at least for this purpose partly from a multifunctional, self-supporting, outward enclosed housing, which at the same time the tank the heat accumulator forms, which preferably the waste heat the engine coolant, in particular so the cooling water receives. Within this case are at least in places good heat-conducting wall surfaces for direct heat exchange between the air surrounding the engine and the temperature accumulator and / or for the direct installation of heat exchangers, in particular exhaust gas heat exchangers and formed lubricant heat exchangers. Likewise Here, heat sink elements to improve the heat exchange with be provided for the air in the engine compartment.

hereby is in a surprisingly simple way almost the entire thermal energy of the internal combustion engine from the cooling water, the exhaust gas, the lubricant and the exhaust air detected and directly or via the heat exchangers integrated into the partitions led into the heat storage, without causing a loss of energy takes place to the environment.

The Partition could at least partially double-walled or hollow, so as to easily a to allow immediate use as a heat exchanger. In this case, in the cavity thus created, the exhaust gas, the engine oil and / or the cooling water are guided.

Especially advantageous, however, is the installation of heat exchangers on these partitions or integrated into at least one Partition and offers significant advantages over the installation within the heat accumulator. The assembly and production costs is minimal. A leak of heat storage can be effectively and easily prevented, since neither exhaust pipes still other lines must be brought in and a good, large-scale heat transfer can be guaranteed in the heat storage medium.

By the heat storage housing outside enclosing sound and heat insulation, a simultaneous reduction of noise pollution and thermal losses is achieved in the environment, this with low design and manufacturing effort, since two functions are achieved with a Dämmmmantel. With these characteristics, the heating device is suitable for installation within a building, so that no waste heat passes directly into the environment outside the building, as with the internal combustion engine air conditioning units with outdoor installation ü is common.

Farther proves to be advantageous that the internal combustion engine is operated cyclically, which by the inventively provided heat storage is reached. With at the same time higher peak performance of Internal combustion engine will significantly improve the or service life of the heating device achieved by the internal combustion engine only active during the short charging cycle must and during the longer discharge cycle rests. This is helpful as the life and maintenance intervals of internal combustion engines are significantly lower than the operating times from conventional gas or oil heating systems.

Further Measures to increase the lifetime are the Reduction of the speed and an increase the volume of oil, which in particular a largely low-maintenance operation with long maintenance intervals allowed.

It proves to be particularly advantageous when the internal combustion engine almost completely from the temperature storage and the therein Heat transfer medium is included, which means a effective noise reduction through the heat storage medium is reached. In addition, so the cooling of the internal combustion engine in downtime prevented, which also causes an increase in the life.

The Heat storage housing is preferably in a self-supporting, formed upright construction to further effort for avoid a supporting structure and order on a very limited, For example, in basements available floor space a remarkable heat storage volume of several hundred Liters in the heat storage to realize.

The Internal combustion engine drives a compressor of the heat pump which is also within the temperature memory or else connected by a drive element outside the temperature memory can be arranged.

A particularly advantageous embodiment of the present invention Invention is achieved in that the heating device next the preferably used as a high temperature storage heat storage another, preferably arranged separately, as a low-temperature storage running heat storage for a lower Temperature level has. The thermal energy of the internal combustion engine is doing the high-temperature storage and by means of the heat pump obtained energy from the environment supplied to the low-temperature storage, so an optimal economic use of different Temperature levels of engine waste heat, for example 90 ° C, and the heat pump, for example, 55 ° C to allow.

in this connection it has already proven to be particularly useful if the high-temperature accumulator of the heating of hot water, for example, for a shower or drinking water, and the low-temperature storage for the heating circuit, in particular the heating of a floor heating, serves.

Especially advantageous is the heating of the hot water, For example, the drinking water, in the illustrated design with each a heat exchanger in each heat storage. By This arrangement of the heat exchanger takes place during use of hot water an advantageous heat extraction from both heat stores. This will make the high-temperature storage less heavily loaded during removal and may be the required keep high level for hot water preparation longer.

Farther proves to be particularly promising when the High temperature storage and low temperature storage to the thermal Energy balance by a line element for the heat transfer fluid connect. The so realizable adjustable demand Balancing between the high-temperature storage and the low-temperature storage In particular, to increase the rest of the Internal combustion engine through a so achievable complete Emptying used both temperature storage. At the same time, a very low starting temperature of the heat storage for created the charging process by the heat pump. The energy exchange can either via heat exchangers or directly by replacing the heat transfer fluid between the high-temperature storage and the low-temperature storage done. A defined starting temperature when heating the temperature memory allows accurate dimensioning of the temperature memory with the aim of achieving both predetermined end temperatures at the same time.

at the activation of the compensation circuit are the two heat exchangers for hot water preparation with an inventive occupied advantageous dual function. This is done by this heat exchanger by means of a circulation pump and a check valve an additional heat transfer between made the heat storage. The check valve prevents the bypass of drinking water during hot water preparation.

The heat pump could be connected to an air collector. Particularly promising, however, is a modification of the present the invention in which the heat pump is connected to a ground collector. The earth collector ensures especially in deep winter higher flow temperatures and brine temperatures for the heat pump as an air collector and can thus further improve the efficiency of the device.

in principle but can also be a version of the heating device with a cheaper, but less effective air collector of economic advantage especially in areas without particularly low outside temperatures.

A heat pump with a well-sized ground collector, a depth probe or a collector for energy from a body of water can bring an energy gain by a factor of 4 to 5 based on the mechanical energy supplied by the internal combustion engine. The internal combustion engine generates with the primary energy supplied to it about 1/3 mechanical energy for the heat pump and 2/3 waste heat. By this 1/3 portion of the mechanical energy so 4/3 or 5/3 thermal energy removed by the heat pump from the environment and fed to the low-temperature storage. The 2/3 energy from the engine waste heat are detected with the cooling water and the advantageous heat exchanger system according to the invention on or within the partition and made available in the high-temperature heat storage. In both heat accumulators, a total of 6/3 or 7/3 energy related to the primary energy used is made available. This corresponds to a theoretical primary energy use of 200% to 233%. In contrast, a conventional gas or oil heater uses only 2/3 thermal energy of the fuel (66% of the primary energy). So it is up to 3.5 times better use of the fuel possible, ie the consumption drops to 1/3 of a forth conventional heating system. This effective use results in an equally high reduction of emissions, in particular CO ₂ .

A Other also particularly practical modification is characterized achieved that the heating device by means of the internal combustion engine has a drivable generator for electrical power generation, so that with low demand for thermal energy optional electrical Energy can be generated alternatively or simultaneously. The energy production can be done for example in the low voltage range, so the Cost of energy storage by means of a rechargeable battery to keep low. In certain operating conditions would be It also advantageous the mechanical energy of the internal combustion engine over the to convert electrical energy into thermal energy, to affect the load of the internal combustion engine, so optimum performance of the internal combustion engine is achieved. This situation occurs especially when the compressor has a lower performance of the internal combustion engine receives, for example if the ambient temperature of the evaporator is too low, or when the ambient temperature of the capacitor is increased.

A other also particularly profitable embodiment of the device is achieved in that the internal combustion engine with a associated with the high-temperature accumulator exhaust heat exchanger is equipped so as to increase the thermal energy of the internal combustion engine to use in an optimal way.

In similar Way, the efficiency of thermal energy production can continue be improved by the internal combustion engine with a Lubricant heat exchanger connected to the high-temperature reservoir, especially lubricant cooler is equipped so that not only the thermal energy of the lubricant of energy production can be supplied, but also the operational readiness the internal combustion engine by the thus achievable low lubricant temperature can be improved.

According to the invention a significant advantage in that, the two heat exchangers for the exhaust and lubricant from the engine compartment side directly, flat on the heat-conducting partition between Heat storage and engine to install. Due to this design Costly pipelines and pumps are no longer required for heat exchangers within the engine compartment or a technically difficult integration of heat exchangers in the heat storage. The heat storage tank remains "uninjured." As a result, a compact, simple, easy to assemble and repair energy and supply in the heat storage he goes, without problems with leaking Heat storage, corrosion of heat exchangers and inaccessible components within the usually welded Heat storage.

to Ensuring adequate cooling and the resulting increased life of the internal combustion engine is another embodiment of the invention, wherein the Internal combustion engine with a variable feed pump equipped cooling circuit is assigned, through which the coolant flow adjustable and depending detected temperature readings is variable. By the regulation of Volume flow can be a low energy consumption of the heat pump and a high flow rate as needed for cooling the internal combustion engine can be ensured.

In which also according to another particularly expedient Modification in the cooling circuit of the internal combustion engine a flow guide, preferably a valve arranged is, through which the heat transfer fluid of the internal combustion engine optionally supplied from the low-temperature storage and / or the high-temperature storage is so as a sufficient cooling of the internal combustion engine and ensure optimal use of thermal energy.

Also shows in practice an embodiment as a profit, when at least one temperature memory is executed as a stratified memory is so the temperature distribution prevailing in the temperature storage optimal for the respective usage requirements to be able to. In the optimal case, the required temperature obtained by removal of the corresponding layer.

Around a reliable supply in all circumstances ensure the heating device is with an electric Heating device equipped, in particular in case of failure of the heating device or additionally used.

The Internal combustion engine can be based on any principles of action and adapted to individual requirements. Especially useful on the other hand, if the internal combustion engine is a diesel engine, a gas engine or a hot-air engine, in particular a Stirling engine, is executed. The internal combustion engine can also also be designed interchangeable, with a modular Structure of the air conditioning device to a simple adaptation available fuels, especially biofuels, or the requirements of the building to be heated.

Especially temperature-sensitive components such as the controller, the generator and possibly the compressor can be in a separate Space, preferably be arranged below the engine compartment, the has no direct heat exchange with the high temperature storage. The cooling of temperature-sensitive components is also by positioning these components in the intake air flow or the intake air line of the internal combustion engine feasible.

By a reversal of the operation of the heat pump or use an earth collector as direct cooling element without heat pump is either the use of the heating device for heating or Cooling possible, allowing for optimal use For example, in the summer months can be achieved.

The invention allows for various embodiments. To further clarify its basic principle, one of them is shown in the drawing and will be described below. This shows a schematic diagram of a heating device according to the invention. A liquid-cooled, preferably water-cooled internal combustion engine 1 generates mechanical power and waste heat in a ratio of about 1 kW mechanically to 2 kW thermally. The thermal power is achieved by means of a cooling circuit 23 and a coolant pump 4 from the cooling water of the internal combustion engine 1 and possibly from an exhaust gas heat exchanger 2 as well as from an oil heat exchanger 46 taken and in a high-temperature storage 31 stored at a maximum temperature level of about 95 ° C. The exhaust gas can if required via an exhaust gas purification 3 to the exhaust connection 5 be guided. The high heat storage temperature of maximum 95 ° C is preferably used for hot water preparation of the building. These are two heat exchangers 32 and 35 as well as a cold water connection 33 and a hot water connection 34 intended.

The mechanical power is transmitted directly or through a gearbox, for example a belt drive consisting of a pulley 9 , Straps 10 and pulley motor side 11 the compressor or compressor 15 fed to a heat pump. The heat pump consists of the named compressor 15 , the heat exchanger or condenser 16 , the heat exchanger or evaporator 17 , the expansion valve 18 and a conduit system for the refrigerant circuit 19 ,

The heat generated at the condenser is transferred via a circulating pump 20 , an intermediate circuit 24 and a heat exchanger 39 a low temperature storage 38 supplied at a favorable for the heat pump temperature level, for example, a maximum of 60 ° C. Alternatively to the drawn variant of the heat exchanger 39 also omitted if the heat storage medium of the low-temperature storage 38 directly to the intermediate circuit 24 is connected, ie through the capacitor 16 is directed.

From the low-temperature storage is via a circulation pump 42 preferably the heating circuit of a building 41 with radiators 43 and / or floor / surface heating 44 fed. The low temperature storage 38 and / or the high temperature storage 31 or other system components may alternatively be in emergency operation by electric heaters 40 be heated, the system should fail.

To various extraction situations of heat from the two heat storage ge To be right, at times a heat transfer between the heat storage is helpful, in particular to prevent premature switching on and heating of the heat storage by the internal combustion engine and the heat pump. Between the two heat accumulators can do this by means of a balancing circuit 45 , consisting of a circulation pump 36 and a check valve 37 , a heat transfer can be made. In this case, the two existing heat exchangers of water heating are used by this arrangement. So there are no additional heat exchangers required. The check valve 37 ensures that the water flows through the two heat exchangers during hot water extraction and not through the compensation line. This design allows the water fillings of both heat storage remain separated, which offers advantages in filling, contamination and corrosion protection and the installation effort and design in terms of maximum pressure in the heat storage.

alternative is also a simple water exchange both heat storage for temperature compensation, for example via a pump, possible, which does not offer the advantages mentioned, but also with very few components, but additional external effort for lines can get along.

The at the evaporator 17 The heat generated by the heat pump is circulated via a circulation pump 21 and a piping system of the brine circuit 25 by means of collector or heat exchanger 26 dissipated. As a usable heat source for this purpose, both the soil, the groundwater, a body of water, the ambient air and other waste heat sources into consideration.

The internal combustion engine 1 is preferably located together with the main units of the heat pump in a noise-insulated housing 6 , which according to the invention at least partially from the tank of a heat storage, preferably the high-temperature storage is formed.

This, in part from other applications known features according to the invention by a thermally conductive, multifunctional partition 47 supplemented between the heat storage and the engine compartment. The special design of the partition 47 allows not only a direct and optimal, lossless introduction of the air and radiation heat of the internal combustion engine 1 in the heat storage, possibly improved by means of additional heat sink elements, but is used as a carrier for the heat exchanger 46 used for the engine oil and the exhaust gas.

There is a considerable advantage in that the two heat exchanger for exhaust gas and lubricant from the engine compartment side directly, area on this partition 47 between heat storage and internal combustion engine 1 to install. This design eliminates complex piping and pumps to heat exchangers within the engine compartment or a technically difficult integration of heat exchangers in the heat storage. The heat storage tank remains without additional openings. As a result, a compact, simple, easy to install and repair energy is obtained and fed into the heat storage, without problems with leaking heat accumulators, corrosion of heat exchangers and inaccessible components within the usually welded heat storage. The three functions of the air, exhaust and lubricant heat exchangers can preferably be made of aluminum in a space-saving, low-corrosion and low-cost continuous casting construction, whereby it seems sensible to integrate at least individual functions into a common profile.

Overall, the following advantages are achieved with this design: A common external thermal insulation minimizes thermal losses and prevents the motor from cooling down during standstill. The water filling and the massive tank significantly reduce the noise and vibration levels of the engine. The routing between the components are largely inside the device and are minimized in length. The external installation effort can be kept to a minimum. All essential parts are inside the system. The installation effort, piping and space requirements for exhaust gas heat exchanger and other heat exchangers is minimal by the direct heat transfer of a possibly common heat exchanger element on the partition wall. The additional housing costs can be minimized. Furthermore, an extremely compact design is achieved. Overall, all energy losses are minimized by the overall system, with additional vibration isolators for effective vibration damping 7 can be provided.

The Design of the heat storage housing can be the simplest Trap by directly arranging the heat storage over the engine compartment with a direct heat transfer be achieved without a complete wrapping of the Internal combustion engine provided by the heat storage is.

In particular, temperature-sensitive components such as the controller, the generator and possibly the compressor can in a separate room, preferably below the engine be arranged space that has no direct heat exchange with the high-temperature heat storage.

The various heat accumulators ensure a cyclic operation of the internal combustion engine and compressor, that is, the engine runs only until both main memory 38 and 31 have reached their maximum temperature levels of 55 ° C and 95 ° C respectively. Thereafter, the system can rest for a long time until both heat storage are cooled to a minimum allowable temperature, for example 35 ° C ... 40 ° C. If necessary, energy is transported in both directions via the said compensation circuit in order to achieve a complete heat removal of both main storage before the system switches on again. Due to the clocked mode of operation of the engine, this is preserved from high transit times and frequent maintenance intervals. The entire system is powered by an electronic controller 29 controlled and operated.

About a generator 22 that by means of belt drive 12 . 13 . 14 is driven by the internal combustion engine, alternatively, electrical energy can be obtained in order to preferably use the mechanical energy electrically at seasons with low heating demand but required water heating. An infeed is also conceivable. The generator can also provide the energy for the starter of the engine when an accumulator is supplemented. He is this example, in low-voltage technology, for example, 12 V or 24 V, running.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• US 2006/0059911 A1 [0007]
• DE 19740398 A1 [0008]
• - DE 10116573 A1 [0009]
• - DE 3414002 A1 [0009]
• - DE 19909885 A1 [0010]
• - DE 2633662 A1 [0011]
• DE 2633775 A1 [0012]
• DE 3014357 A1 [0013]

Claims (18)

Heating device for heating a building by means of a driven by a liquid-cooled internal combustion engine heat pump and at least one heat storage for receiving heat energy whose heat storage housing surrounds or limits the internal combustion engine at least partially, wherein the heat accumulator forms at least one heat-conducting partition to the surrounding the internal combustion engine air, characterized in that the dividing wall is equipped with at least one cooling body, in particular having cooling fins, for improving the heat transfer and / or at least one heat exchanger, in particular for obtaining heat from the exhaust gas and / or from the lubricant of the internal combustion engine. Heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that that the partition at least partially double-walled and / or hollow executed. Heating device according to claim 1 and 2, characterized characterized in that the system at least with at least one of functional units: - Thermal insulation and or - Noise isolation and / or - vibration isolation and or - Emission control system and / or - Exhaust silencer and or - Heat exchanger for water heating of the building and / or - the essential Parts of the heat pump and / or - the essential Parts of the electronic control of the system and / or - Further Pumps, heat exchangers and components of the system and / or - Exhaust gas heat exchanger and or - Engine oil heat exchanger equipped is. Heating device according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that at least one further, preferably externally mounted heat storage is provided, the heat energy of the heat pump stores at a slightly lower temperature level. Heating device according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that a balancing circuit exists between the two heat stores, preferably by means of two, in both heat storage tanks for hot water used heat exchanger, a pump and a check valve is equipped and a heat transfer and temperature compensation realized between the heat storage. Heating device according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the cooling circuit the internal combustion engine a switchable second water pump and / or includes a controllable water pump through which the coolant flow is adjustable depending on the detected temperature. Heating device according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that in the flow of the Cooling water circuit of the internal combustion engine Thermostatic valve or one activated by the central control Directional valve is provided, which is the cooling water flow the internal combustion engine temperature dependent from a the two heat storage can be supplied. Heating device according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that at least one heat storage preferably as a stratified storage with calming and insulating Partitions is designed and that the hotter Water can be fed in the upper area of the heat accumulator is, while at the bottom tends to be colder Water for cooling the engine remains available. Heating device according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the heat exchanger for hot water preparation in the upper part of the heat storage and / or in the immediate vicinity of the inlet of the engine upcoming hot cooling water is arranged. Heating device according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that an electronic control system is provided, the charge and discharge processes dependent on temperature controls and in particular a cyclical operation of the internal combustion engine allows. Heating device according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that alternatively a electric generator is provided by the internal combustion engine is drivable and temporarily or permanently electrical energy can supply for self-supply of the control technology and the pumps and / or for further use or network feed. Heating device according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hot water preparation and / or the heating system and / or a heat storage are equipped with electric heaters to allow alternatively an electric Notheizbetrieb or in certain operating conditions the To convert mechanical energy of the engine via the electrical energy into thermal energy. Heating device according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that alternatively a Electric motor or an operable as a motor generator for driving the heat pump provided or switchable or switchable is, which allows a heating operation by means of the heat pump, if the combustion engine fails or stops. Heating device according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the internal combustion engine preferably as a diesel engine, one with organically produced Fuel-powered diesel engine, a gas engine or a Sterling engine is executed. Heating device according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that those components, which are less temperature resistant, in a lower temperature range outside, preferably located below the engine compartment. Heating device according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that those components, which are less temperature resistant by positioning in the intake airflow the current internal combustion engine can be cooled. Heating device according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that further components be connected to the plant for heat production or use, in particular solar collectors, waste heat exchangers. Heating device according to at least one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the plant in a Cooling mode is switched to air conditioning.