DE102006045807A1 - heat exchangers - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a heat exchanger comprising a tube bundle heat exchanger unit with tubes (2), which in a plurality of superimposed rows of tubes (3), in successive rows of tubes (3) offset from each other, are arranged. The tubes (2) are aligned through the rows of tubes (3) obliquely to the rows of tubes (3). At one end, the tubes (2) with a device for the supply of heating or cooling agent, hereinafter referred to as working fluid, and at the other end provided a device for its removal. Such a heat exchanger should be adapted to a wide variety of services. A heat exchanger unit of a heat exchanger according to the invention is provided with one or more heat exchanger modules (1), each having an equal number N of tubes (2) and at both ends of the tubes (2) as connecting devices (4) formed devices for feeding and / or Have removal of work equipment. The connecting devices (4) each comprise a tube plate (5) which is formed in a predetermined by the outer tubes (2) waveform such that when joining two heat exchanger modules (1) the tube plates (5) of the two heat exchanger modules ( 1) tooth-shaped mesh.

Description

The The invention relates to a heat exchanger with a shell and tube heat exchanger unit according to the generic term of claim 1, used for the thermal treatment of a substance becomes. The substance to be treated may be a fluid, i. H. a gas or a liquid, or act to a fluidized or free-flowing solid. A tube bundle heat exchanger for bulk goods for example a shaft cooler, the also backwater cooler or Contact storage cooler is called. In addition to the tube bundle heat exchanger unit has a heat exchangers Devices for supplying and / or removing the heating or cooling medium, in the following called work equipment, on.

A generic heat exchanger, a well cooler, is from the EP 0 934 498 B known. The horizontally extending tubes of its tube bundle heat exchanger unit, ie its cooling unit, are arranged in several, mutually superposed tube rows, namely in successive rows of tubes offset from one another. The tubes are aligned through the rows of tubes obliquely to the vertical and thus obliquely to the rows of tubes themselves. At one end, the tubes are provided with a device for supplying working fluid and at the other end with a device for its removal. In operation, the bulk material flows along the cooling surfaces formed by the tubes from top to bottom through the heat exchanger unit.

there the tubes are in several layers lying tube bundles divided, each tube bundle to a device for the supply and a device for the removal of Work equipment is connected. Heat exchanger with an arrangement of the tubes in tube bundles are in diverse can be used in industrial processes.

Of the Applicant is known to have different requirements the performance of a heat exchanger with several sizes different constructions are met. The applicability and the flexibility such heat exchanger is for the following reasons limited: By the number and the cross-section of the tubes of a specific Frame size is the Flow area for the Work equipment set, and thus its flow velocity in one narrow range determined. Too low flow rates would the Heat transfer deteriorate. Too high flow rates generate too high pressure losses and are problematic z. B. in terms Sound emissions.

In similar Way is through the entire, free inlet surface of a row of pipes, the Cross section and the number of their tubes depends, the range of the volume flow of the substance to be treated. By joining several tube bundles can be the heat transfer performance increase, but not at the same time both the throughput of the working fluid as well as the throughput of the substance to be treated. At the Add cascading of tube bundles, in which several tube bundles can be connected in series in the direction of the working medium, can be increase the throughput of the substance to be treated. The Throughput of the working fluid does not change. She is up the performance of the simple tube bundle limited.

At the parallel joining of tube bundles, in which several tube bundles can be connected in parallel in the direction of the working medium, can be the throughput of the working fluid, but not the throughput of the substance to be treated.

From several tube bundles some in the direction of the working medium in series and some in parallel to switch, is for constructive reasons in known types conventional Tube heat exchanger practically excluded, since essential components, such as outer walls and Connections, a complete one Put together the tube bundle prevent. Any gaps and / or interruptions in the pipe arrangement as well as disturbing partitions However, for various procedural and operational reasons too avoid. If both throughputs are to be increased, only one other can Size used become.

task The invention is a heat exchanger according to the generic term Of claim 1 to develop the easy to a variety of benefits can be adjusted.

The The object is solved by the characterizing features of claim 1.

A heat exchanger unit a heat exchanger according to the invention is with one or more heat exchanger modules each provided with an equal number N of tubes. The devices for supply and / or removal of working fluid points at both ends the tubes of a heat exchanger module in each case a connecting device with a tube plate.

In each connection device, the tube plate is formed at its edge in a waveform which is predetermined by the outer tubes. The waveform on the side surfaces of a heat exchanger module results from the pipes arranged offset in rows of tubes. The waveform of the tube plate is formed such that when joining two heat exchanger Mo dule mesh tooth-shaped at least the tube plates of the two heat exchanger modules. The waveform may be characterized by more linear rises and drops, e.g. Tooth-shaped with pointed or rounded teeth, and / or by more asymptotic increases and decreases, e.g. B. sinusoidal, and / or those with different radii, be formed.

at a particularly dense arrangement of the pipes protrude the pipes adjacent Pipe rows in the spaces between the rows of pipes. In this case, when joining, grab two Heat exchanger modules also the outer tubes tooth-shaped into each other. This particularly dense arrangement of pipes improves the intensive Heat exchange and leads to an even more compact design.

The intermeshing of the tubesheets together heat exchanger modules allows a seamless arrangement of the heat exchanger modules above and next to each other, in which the arrangement of the tubes is continued from one heat exchanger module to the next without any gap. A heat exchanger unit composed of a plurality of heat exchanger modules therefore has an arrangement of the tubes extending uniformly over the heat exchanger modules. That is, both the arrangement of the tubes in successive rows of tubes offset from each other and the alignment of the tubes through the rows of tubes obliquely to the rows of tubes continues from one heat exchanger module to the next. There are no lanes formed in the flow due to different pipe distances. At the transition between the heat exchanger modules no solid walls are needed. This also allows use at high temperatures, which would not be possible or only with great effort with such walls due to thermal stresses and / or durability of practically available materials. The common alignment lines allow easy cleaning of the pipes. Possible cleaning directions are indicated by the arrows D in 1 indicated. The heat exchanger modules can also be connected in series via their connecting devices.

The Connecting devices can Deflections for form the working fluid, so that the heat exchanger modules depending on Number of deflections with a different amount of work equipment flows through can be. By such deflections in the connecting devices and by the possibility a gapless Arrangement of heat exchanger modules in all directions to one another, a heat exchanger unit according to the invention from heat exchanger modules according to the invention be easily adapted to different services.

advantageous embodiments a heat exchanger according to the invention are in the subclaims described.

The Connecting devices can according to claim 2 box-shaped be trained and each additional to the tube plate have a frame and possibly a lid. One Lid can with one or more nozzles for the supply and / or Be provided drainage of work equipment. connecting devices on outer sides a heat exchanger unit can Have lid. Connected connecting devices can without cover over their frames be connected. A frame can at least be in one connecting the tube plate Area wavy be educated.

To can the frame according to claim 3 in a subsequent to the tube plate wavy frame and a flange frame with a small cross-sectional area and divided with smooth walls be. To connect the wavy frame and the flange frame with different cross sections can a transverse frame may be provided, at the outer edge of the wavy frame and may be attached to the inner edge of the flange frame. The reduction in cross section of the frame in the area of the flange frame has the advantage that for the flange frame itself and a cover straight side edges provided can be. Furthermore The reduction in cross-section offers space for fastening devices for connecting the heat exchanger modules. to Attachment of the lid, the flange frame one at the top extending, the straight side edges forming cover flange, where the lid can be attached. In an arrangement of Heat exchanger modules in a row, can these without cover on the cover flanges of their connecting devices be connected to each other. The wavy frame may e.g. when Corrugated sheet metal frame be formed. This is a simple component to produce the desired Waveform.

at an alternative embodiment can the connecting devices according to claim 4 elbow and possibly have pipe socket. Here are the elbows and the pipe sockets are attached to the tube plates so that the tubes in the elbows and open into the pipe socket. Preference is given to external, possibly also medium, pipes connected with pipe sockets. It can all Pipes of one of the connecting devices of a heat exchanger module connected by elbows be.

A connecting device may according to claim 5, at least one extending between two rows of tubes, wavy bulkhead on point. By arranging such partition plates chambers can be formed in the connecting devices and the tubes of a heat exchanger module are supplied differently with working fluid. Ie. Through the baffle plates multiple internal deflections of the working fluid can be formed in the heat exchanger module, thereby adjusting the flow rate of the working fluid.

The Pipes can according to claim 6 be arranged so that they pass through the rows of tubes at an angle of 45 ° to the rows of pipes, align. A heat exchanger module can in this arrangement, the pipes tilted by 90 ° connected to other heat exchanger modules become. This increases the versatility of the heat exchanger.

The Heat exchanger modules can according to claim 7 an aspect ratio of 1: 2. this makes possible a heat exchanger z. B. with three heat exchanger modules provide, with two at their longer sides of the cross section joined together are and the third, tilted by 90 ° to the shorter ones Side of the cross section of the first two heat exchanger modules is joined.

One inventive heat exchanger can according to claim 8 additional a heat exchanger module with a number N / 2 of tubes and / or a heat exchanger module with a N / 4 number of tubes exhibit. The heat exchanger module with N tubes can be provided as a cuboid standard module be in two, 90 ° to each other rotated directions can be aligned. It is according to claim 7 prefers the short side of the cross-section half as long as the longer Side of the cross section. One or more standard modules included in a heat exchanger unit in any orientation next to each other, one above the other and / or behind each other can be arranged through be added to such special modules with N / 2 pipes and / or N / 4 pipes. The number N of tubes may be, for example, 50 to 1000 tubes.

The Heat exchanger modules can according to claim 9 alternatively an aspect ratio of 1: 3. At z. B. four heat exchanger modules can three at their longer Pages joined together his and the fourth, tilted by 90 °, to the shorter ones Sides of the three heat exchanger modules together be.

One heat exchangers with heat exchanger modules with an aspect ratio from 1: 3, according to claim 9 may according to claim 10 additional at least one heat exchanger module with a number of 2 / 3N and / or at least one heat exchanger module having a number of N / 3 tubes.

The Heat exchanger modules can also as standard modules with other aspect ratios, e.g. of 1: 2.5, formed be and possibly with appropriate special modules to a heat exchanger unit be composed.

at a heat exchanger according to the invention can the tubes of the heat exchanger modules according to claim 11 run horizontally. These heat exchangers are for heat treatment of bulk material used. The cross section of the tubes can be designed arbitrarily, e.g. round, polygonal, oval or rectangular, with any existing horizontally extending Roundings or edges are aligned upwards.

to Supply and / or discharge of work equipment may be the corresponding devices in addition to the connecting devices according to claim 12, one or more outer tube assemblies exhibit. The outer pipe arrangements can as tubular columns are formed, wherein the tube columns to the connecting devices having connected pipe elements and compensators. The pipe elements can e.g. as tees be educated. Preferably, the tube columns are each as a whole via one each Compensator supported at their ends.

The Invention will be described with reference to seven in the drawing schematically Examples further explained. Show it:

1 a heat exchanger unit of the first example with three heat exchanger modules;

2 a heat exchanger module of this heat exchanger unit;

3 a heat exchanger unit of the second example with three heat exchanger modules with bulkhead plates;

4 a heat exchanger unit of the third example with a heat exchanger module and without cover of the connecting device;

5 the heat exchanger module of 4 with lid;

6 a heat exchanger module of the fourth example with pipe elbows;

7 a heat exchanger unit of the fifth example with five pipe modules;

8th a heat exchanger unit of the sixth example with five pipe modules and

9 a heat exchanger unit of the seventh example with five tube modules.

Example 1 ( 1 and 2 )

An inventive heat exchanger of a first example is designed as a heat exchanger for bulk material. It has a tube bundle heat exchanger unit whose tubes 2 in three heat exchanger modules 1 are arranged. Two of the heat exchanger modules 1 are vertically aligned, ie the longer sides of their cross-section are vertical, and arranged side by side. The third horizontally oriented heat exchanger module 1 is arranged transversely above the other two. Its longer sides are horizontal.

Each heat exchanger module 1 has a certain number N of horizontally extending tubes 2 on. The cross section of the pipes 2 is round. The pipes 2 are in several, superimposed rows of tubes 3 , in successive rows of tubes 3 offset from each other, arranged. They are through the rows of pipes 3 arranged obliquely to the vertical aligned. In this example, the tubes are arranged so close that the tubes 2 adjacent rows of tubes 3 into the interstices of the rows of pipes 3 protrude.

The number N of pipes 2 each heat exchanger module 1 is 144. These 144 pipes 2 are parallel to the longer side of the cross section of the heat exchanger module 1 on twelve rows of tubes lying one above the other 3 with twelve tubes each 2 divided up. At the same time are the pipes 2 parallel to the shorter side in twenty-four rows of tubes 3 with six tubes each 2 divided. The distance of the rows of tubes 3 is chosen so that the pipes 2 through the rows of pipes 3 through at an angle of 45 ° to the horizontal and also to the vertical. They are in superimposed vertical rows of tubes 3 offset in the same way to each other as in superimposed horizontally extending rows of tubes 3 , That is, the distances between the next tubes 2 different rows of tubes 3 are the same in all directions.

By this arrangement of the pipes 2 in the rows of pipes 3 can the heat exchanger modules 1 be arranged vertically and horizontally, with the alignment of the tubes 2 from a heat exchanger module 1 continues to the next one. The same arrangement of the pipes 2 and the described division of the tubes 2 on the rows of pipes 3 causes the shorter side of the cross section to be half as long as the longer side. That means the aspect ratio is 1: 2. This fits a horizontally arranged heat exchanger module 1 , as in 1 to see exactly on two vertically arranged heat exchanger modules 1 ,

Devices of the heat exchanger unit for the supply and / or removal of working fluid have connecting devices 4 on, each at both ends of the heat exchanger modules 1 are arranged. The connection devices 4 are in this example box-shaped, in particular cuboid, formed. Every connection device 4 has a tube plate 5 , a frame and a lid 6 on. The tube plate 5 is with openings 5a for the pipes 2 Mistake. It is the tube plate 5 at its edge and at least one to the tube plate 5 subsequent, wavy frame 7 in one through the outer tubes 2 formed predetermined waveform. The waveform is such that when joining two heat exchanger modules 1 the outer tubes 2 , the tube plate 5 and the wavy frame 7 the two heat exchanger modules 1 mesh tooth-shaped. In this example, the waveform is due to a common zig-zag shape of the edge of the tube sheet 5 and the wavy frame 7 educated. There are outwardly projecting prongs at the ends of the outer tubes 2 , thus pretend the zig-zag course.

The frame is in the wavy frame 7 and a flange frame 8th divided with a smaller cross-sectional area. The wavy frame 7 is with the flange frame 8th over a cross-section reducing cross frame 9 connected, with the wavy frame 7 outside and the flange frame 8th inside the cross frame 9 are attached. The wavy frame 7 is as a frame with zigzag-shaped walls and the flange frame 8th formed as a frame with smooth walls. The flange frame 8th has a peripheral at its upper edge outer flange 10 on, on which the lid 6 is attached. The lid 6 has two sockets 11 for supply and / or removal of working fluid, along a center line parallel to the longer side of the lid 6 are arranged centrally in the respective half.

On the two outer sides, which are parallel to the tubes 2 extend, the heat exchanger unit each having an outer wall 12 on, at least in the area of tube plates 5 is designed to match the waveform. The waveform is such that the outer wall 12 tooth-shaped in the tube plates 5 attacks.

The outer walls 12 This example is a total, ie in the range of tube plates 5 and in the area of the outer tubes 2 Wavy. Alternatively, the outer walls 12 in the field of tube plates 5 a wave-shaped section, z. B. in the form of a collar, and in the region of the outer tubes 2 a flat section, z. B. a smooth sheet.

The outer walls 12 may be formed as double walls with an insulating layer between the two walls of the double wall. They can be hinged and hinged. You can also have doors.

In an alternative embodiment, the tubes may have a square cross section and be aligned with their edges upwards. An arrangement of tubes with upwardly directed edges is in the already cited EP 0 934 498 B1 described. It may, for example in these cases, as an alternative to the outer walls 12 the lateral outer tubes 2 the heat exchanger modules 1 be provided with removable side panels. Such side plates are also in the EP 0 934 498 B1 described. The side panels are located on the upper curves or edges or outer side surfaces and run the full length of the tubes 2 between the connection devices 4 , The side panels extend the alignment lines outwards or run parallel to them. They have a height which is 1.2 to 5 times, in particular 1.5 to 4 times, the average distance of the tubes along the alignment lines.

When using exterior walls 12 with flat sections in the area of the outer tubes 2 Alternatively, these side plates can also be used.

Alternatively, heat exchanger modules 1 be arranged one behind the other. For example, three more heat exchanger modules 1 behind which this example be connected by the cover flanges 10 the corresponding connection devices 4 connected to each other. These are for these connection devices 4 the lids 6 omitted.

In a further alternative embodiment, the heat exchanger can be used in addition to several of the heat exchanger modules used in Example 1 1 , a heat exchanger module 1 comprising a number of N / 2 tubes. For example, to expand the heat exchanger of Example 1 is a further vertically arranged heat exchanger module 1 next to the two lower heat exchanger modules 1 in addition to the upper heat exchanger modules 1 a half upper heat exchanger module, ie a heat exchanger module with a number of N / 2, ie 72, pipes 2 needed. Similarly, a heat exchanger module with a number of N / 4, ie 36, could be tubes 2 be used.

The Supply of a substance to be treated from above and the removal of the treated substance down are indicated by arrows A and B. As a work tool z. As water, steam or thermal oil used become. The supply and possibly the removal of work equipment are through Arrows C marked.

Incidentally, a heat exchanger according to the invention as in the EP 0 934 498 B1 Chute cooler described be constructed with a supply unit and a trigger unit. This shaft cooler is hereby incorporated by reference.

Example 2 ( 3 )

Example 2 corresponds to Example 1 except for the following features:
In the connection devices 4 are undulating, each between two rows of tubes 3 extending bulkhead plates 13 intended.

3 shows possible arrangements of bulkhead plates 13 in front and / or rear connection devices 4 , In the connection devices 4 the upper, horizontally arranged heat exchanger module 1 can partition plates 13 be arranged, which extend in the middle parallel to the longer side of the cross section and thus horizontally. In the connection devices 4 the lower, vertically arranged heat exchanger modules 1 can z. B. three bulkheads 13 be arranged, which extend parallel to the shorter sides of the cross section, and thus also horizontally.

The bulkhead plates 13 each extend from the tube plate 5 to the lid 6 the connection device 4 and close to the sides with the frame. For this purpose, the sides have a step at the transition from the wavy frame 7 to the flange frame 8th on. The bulkhead plates 13 run undulating between the openings 5a into which the pipes 2 two adjacent rows of tubes 3 lead, ie their waveform is through the tubes 2 these rows of pipes 3 specified. Through the bulkhead plates 13 are the connecting devices 4 in chambers 14 divided and thereby formed deflections for the work equipment.

Example 3 ( 4 and 5 )

Example 3 corresponds to Example 2 except for the following features:
The heat exchanger unit comprises a heat exchanger module 1 for a company in which the work equipment is diverted in three ways. In the front connection device 4 There are two bulkhead plates 13a and in the rear connection device 4 a bulkhead 13b arranged.

The front connection device 4 is through the two bulkhead plates 13a in a chamber 14 in the lower quarter, a middle chamber 14 and in a chamber 14 in the upper quarter of the connecting device 4 divided. The rear connection device 4 is through the bulkhead 13b in a lower and an equal upper chamber 14 divided.

An in 5 to see lid 6 the front connection device 4 this heat exchanger module 1 is with two neck 11 provided for the supply and / or removal of working fluid, respectively in the outer quarters of the lid 6 are arranged. A rear lid 6 is as a lid 6 without neck 11 educated. Alternatively, nozzles can be used 11 a rear lid 6 be provided with blind flanges.

In operation, as described in the in 4 drawn arrows, working means through the lower neck 11 into the front, lower chamber 14 be introduced through the pipes 2 the lower quarter of all pipes 2 flow, in the rear, lower chamber 14 be redirected through the next higher quarter of the tubes 2 flow back, in the front, middle chamber 14 to be diverted, to flow through the next higher quarter, in the rear, upper chamber 14 be redirected through the upper quarter of the tubes 2 flow back and through the upper spigot 11 from the front, upper chamber 14 be dissipated.

Example 4 ( 6 )

This heat exchanger unit according to the invention corresponds to that of the example 1 except for the following features: The heat exchanger modules 1 are with connecting devices 4 provided, in addition to the tube plates 5 elbow 15 and pipe socket 16 exhibit. The elbows 15 and the pipe sockets 16 are the something from the tubesheets 5 protruding pipes 2 attached, and welded, so that the pipes 2 through the openings 5a in the elbows 15 and in the pipe socket 16 lead. As with the in 6 illustrated heat exchanger module 1 to see are in the front connector 4 from the twenty-four rows of tubes arranged one above the other 3 from six pipes 2 the lowest, two middle and the top row of pipes 3 with pipe socket 16 Mistake. The six pipes 2 the remaining rows of pipes 3 are each about elbows 15 with those of a next row 3 connected. In this example are in the rear connector 4 all pipes 2 in rows through elbows 15 connected.

In operation z. B. work equipment through the pipe socket 16 the lowest and the upper of the two middle rows of tubes 3 fed and through the pipe socket 16 the bottom of the middle and top rows of pipes 3 be dissipated. In each case one half of the working fluid, ie half of the volume flow of the working fluid, flows through the lower and the upper part of the heat exchanger module 1 , wherein the working medium zig-zag through the row of tubes 3 is guided from bottom to top.

In an alternative, the pipe socket 16 the lower of the two middle rows of tubes 3 with those of the upper middle row of tubes 3 be connected. In operation, the working fluid may be the entire heat exchanger module 1 flow through in rows, wherein compared to the alternative above half of the working fluid is used.

Example 5 ( 7 )

The heat exchanger unit of Example 5 corresponds to that of Example 1 except for the following features: It has five heat exchanger modules 1 each with two vertically oriented heat exchanger modules 1 next to each other, the pairs on top of each other and the fifth heat exchanger module 1 are arranged horizontally aligned above it.

The devices for the supply and / or removal of working fluid have, in addition to the heat exchanger modules 1 associated connection devices 4 , Outer pipe arrangements on, as two in each case on both sides of the heat exchanger modules 1 extending tubular columns are formed. The tubular columns comprise the connecting devices 4 connected pipe elements and compensators 17 , The tube elements are as double tees 18 and two-piece tee 19 formed, with the two connectors of the double tees 18 in series one after another and the two connections of the double tee 19 are arranged parallel to each other. The tube columns have at their lower and at their upper end and in the area between the heat exchanger modules 1 compensators 17 on. The tube columns are each as a whole via a respective compensator 17 supported at their ends. This arrangement of the pipe columns with compensators 17 Relieve the neck 11 of lateral forces generated by the internal pressure of the working fluid.

The in the 7 , in the front view, left tubular column comprises connected from bottom to top a compensator 17 and a double tee 18 in front of the lower left heat exchanger module 1 , a compensator 17 and a double tee 18 with another connection 18a in front of the middle, left heat exchanger module 1 , a compensator 17 , a half of a double tee 19 in front of the upper heat exchanger module 1 and a compensator 17 , The double tees 18 and the double tee 19 are at the neck 11 the lid 6 the corresponding heat exchanger modules 1 connected. At the bottom of the second double tee 18 is a bulkhead plate 20 installed, which shuts off the flow path of the working fluid, possibly down to a small opening for venting. At the upper end of the tubular column is also a bulkhead plate 20 built-in. Another bulkhead 20 is at the lower left end of the double tee 19 built-in.

The right front tubular column is built the same except that it is a second double tee 18 without further connection 18a and the double tee 19 no bulkhead 20 at its lower right end.

The rear pillars of the pipe, in 7 can be seen in the right side view, correspond to the right, front tube column except for the arrangement of the bulkhead plates 20 located at an upper end and at the two lower ends of the double tee 19 and at the lower ends of the lower double tees 18 are located.

The two front pipe columns are open at their lower ends, so that can be connected to these supplies for work equipment. They are closed at the top. The rear pillars are at their lower ends through the bulkhead plates 20 locked. One of the rear pillars is open at its top end, leaving except for the port 18a Also, a discharge for work equipment can be connected to a rear pipe column.

In operation, the working fluid is supplied from below through the front tubular columns and over the lower double tees 18 the front pipe columns to the neck 11 and via the connection devices 4 from the front through the pipes 2 the lower two heat exchanger modules 1 guided. Rear, in the side view on the right side, the working fluid from the pipes 2 over the connection devices 4 led into the rear tube columns. In the rear pillars of the pipe, the working fluid is transferred through the first and second double tees 18 deflected and over the rear connecting devices 4 through the two middle heat exchanger modules 1 and their front connecting devices 4 led into the front pipe columns. A partial flow of the working fluid is through the connection 18a of the double tee 18 the right front tubular column dissipated. The other partial flow is through the upper heat exchanger module 1 and its connecting devices 4 passed and through the open top of the double tee 19 the rear tube columns removed.

In this example, during operation, the working fluid without internal deflection is total through the heat exchanger modules 1 led, each with two parallel heat exchanger modules 1 connected in series. Half of the working fluid is then led out of the heat exchanger unit, the other half of the working fluid is through the upper, transverse heat exchanger module 1 guided.

Example 6 8th )

The heat exchanger unit of Example 6 corresponds to that of Example 5 except for the following features: It is designed for half of the working medium that can be used in Example 5. These are unique internal deflections for the working fluid when flowing through the lower and middle heat exchanger modules 1 intended.

The heat exchanger unit has two similarly constructed front tubular columns. The tubular columns are each with two superimposed double T-pieces 18 , each through a bulkhead plate 20 are divided, and each a simple tee 21 provided at the upper ends of the two tubular columns. The arrangement of the compensator 17 corresponds to that of Example 5.

The front connecting devices 4 the lower four heat exchanger modules 1 comprise centrally arranged, horizontally extending partition plates 13 , The corresponding rear connection devices 4 are with lids 6 without neck 11 Mistake. The rear connection device 4 the upper, transverse heat exchanger module 1 has, like that of Example 5, a cover 6 with two neck 11 on.

In operation, one half of the working fluid, each with a deflection by the parallel, lower and middle heat exchanger modules 1 and then through one half of the upper heat exchanger module 1 guided.

Example 7 ( 9 )

The heat exchanger unit of Example 7 corresponds to that of Example 6 except for the following features: It is designed for a quarter of the working medium used in Example 5. These are three internal deflections for the working fluid when flowing through the lower and middle heat exchanger modules 1 intended.

The heat exchanger unit has two front tubular columns, their tubular elements and compensators 17 smaller diameter than those of Examples 5 and 6 have.

The front pillars have from bottom to top in each case a double tee 22 , a dop pel Tee 22 with crossroads 22a for a horizontal connection of the two tubular columns and a simple T-piece 23 , The double tees 22 are each between the T-connections through a bulkhead plate 20 divided, with the bulkhead plates 20 the upper double tees 22 below the intersection connections 22a are arranged. Another bulkhead 20 closes the connection between the double tee 22 and the simple tee 23 the left tubular column.

In addition to the compensators 17 whose arrangement corresponds to that of Example 5, are further compensators 24 provided for the compensation of forces in the horizontal direction at the horizontal connection of the two tubular columns. A compensator 24 is as a connection between the intersections 22a of the double tees 22 the two tubular columns and two more at the free cross-connections 22a , ie at supported ends of the horizontal connection.

The front connecting devices 4 the lower and middle heat exchanger modules 1 are each with two horizontally extending bulkhead plates 13 and lids 6 with two neck 11 Mistake. The rear connecting devices 4 are with a horizontally extending partition plate 13 and with lids 6 without neck 11 Mistake. The bulkhead plates 13 the front connecting devices 4 extend in a wavy frame 7 and go inside the connection device 4 at the transition to the flange frame 8th in right angles, on the ceilings 6 abutting distribution plates 25 above. They form with these a stepped guide of the working fluid from the nozzle 11 to the pipes 2 or from the pipes 2 to the neck 11 so that only the corresponding quarter of the tubes 2 to the neck 11 connected. This arrangement with distribution plates 25 allows an arrangement of the nozzle 11 in the middle of the respective upper or lower half of the heat exchanger modules 1 ,

The front connection device 4 the upper, fifth heat exchanger module 1 has a centrally arranged, horizontally extending partition plate 13 , a distribution panel 26 and a lid with two nozzles 27 larger diameter. The two neck 27 are each also in the middle of the respective half of the heat exchanger module 1 arranged and connected to the right and the left column tube.

The distribution plate 26 has a horizontal in the flange frame 8th extending and diagonal section on the ceiling 6 encounters. This section is followed by two vertical triangular cover sections. These cover sections connect the horizontal section with the partition plate 13 that is in a wavy frame 7 extends. The cover sections abut the transverse frame 9 , The distribution plate 26 and the bulkhead 13 form a guide of the working medium to or from the pipes 2 the corresponding half of the upper heat exchanger module 1 ,

The arrangement of the distribution plates 25 . 26 allows the use of sufficiently large sockets 11 , in particular larger neck 27 , as well as an aligned arrangement of the neck 11 . 27 for the two tubular columns.

In operation, each half of the working fluid, each with three deflections through the parallel, lower and middle heat exchanger modules 1 guided. The two halves of the working fluid are brought together, in which the working fluid from the left tubular column via the connection between the two tubular columns, ie via the intersection connections 22b and the compensator 24 , is guided into the right tube column. The entire working fluid is the upper heat exchanger module 1 through the corresponding thicker, right neck 27 fed and through the distribution plate 26 in the lower through the bulkhead 13 formed chamber 14 directed. The working fluid flows through the pipes 2 the lower half will be in the rear connector 4 deflected, flows through the pipes 2 the upper half, is through the bulkhead 13 and the distribution plate 26 in the front connection device 4 to the neck 27 directed and leaves the upper heat exchanger module 1 ,

In an alternative, the distribution plate 26 have a horizontal portion which is stepped through the flange frame 8th extends and to the ceiling 6 encounters. This horizontal section consists of two side panels and a central section. The middle part extends parallel to the shorter sides of the cross section through the middle. At the middle part close to the two side parts, which extend along the longer sides of the cross section. This includes, based on 9 , left view, lower side part over the lower half to the middle part and an upper side part from the middle part of the upper half. The side panels can through the flange frame 8th be formed. The horizontal section is followed by two vertically extending square cover sections.

1

Heat exchanger module

2

pipe

3

tube row

4

connecting device

5

tube plate

5a

openings

6

cover

7

Wavy frame

8th

flange frame

9

cross frame

10

cover flange

11

Support

12

outer wall

13

Schott sheet

13a

Schott sheet

13b

Schott sheet

14

chamber

15

elbow

16

pipe socket

17

compensators

18

Double Tee

18a

connection

19

two times Tee

20

Schott plate

21

easy Tee

22

Double Tee

22a

crossing terminal

23

Tee

24

compensator

25

diffuser plate

26

diffuser plate

27

Support

A

product supply

B

product removal

C

Working medium flow

D

Alignment, cleaning direction

Claims (12)

Heat exchanger with a tube bundle heat exchanger unit with tubes ( 2 ) in successive rows of tubes ( 3 ) are offset from each other and through the rows of tubes ( 3 ) through obliquely to the rows of tubes ( 3 ) and devices for the supply and / or removal of working fluid at the ends of the tubes ( 2 ), characterized by one or more heat exchanger modules ( 1 ) each having an equal number N of tubes ( 2 ), wherein the devices for supply and / or discharge of working fluid at both ends of the tubes ( 2 ) of a heat exchanger module ( 1 ) each a connection device ( 4 ) with a tube plate ( 5 ) and wherein the tube plate ( 5 ) at its edge in one through the outer tubes ( 2 ) predetermined waveform is formed such that when joining two heat exchanger modules ( 1 ) the tube plates ( 5 ) of the two heat exchanger modules ( 1 ) tooth-shaped mesh. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting devices ( 4 ) are box-shaped and in each case in addition to the tube plate ( 5 ) a frame and possibly a lid ( 6 ), wherein the frame at least in one of the tube plate ( 5 ) subsequent area is wave-shaped. Heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that the frame is in a wave-shaped frame ( 7 ) and a flange frame ( 8th ) is divided with a smaller cross-sectional area and with smooth walls. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that the connecting devices ( 4 ) Pipe bend ( 15 ) and possibly pipe socket ( 16 ) exhibit. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the connecting device ( 4 ) at least one between two rows of tubes ( 3 ) running, wave-shaped partition plate ( 13 ) is provided. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the tubes ( 2 ) through the rows ( 3 ) at an angle of 45 ° to the rows of tubes ( 3 ) are aligned. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the heat exchanger modules ( 1 ) have an aspect ratio of 1: 2. Heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized by additionally at least one heat exchanger module with a number N / 2 of tubes ( 2 ) and / or at least one heat exchanger module with a number N / 4 of tubes ( 2 ). Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the heat exchanger modules ( 1 ) have an aspect ratio of 1: 3. Heat exchanger according to claim 9, characterized by additionally at least one heat exchanger module with a number 2 N / 3 of tubes ( 2 ) and / or at least one heat exchanger module with a number N / 3 of tubes ( 2 ). Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the tubes ( 2 ) of the heat exchanger modules ( 1 ) horizontally, possibly with their horizontally extending curves or edges are aligned upward. Heat exchanger according to one of claims 1 to 11, in which the devices for supplying and / or removing working fluid have outer tube arrangements, characterized in that the outer tube arrangements are formed as tube columns, wherein the tube columns are connected to the connecting devices ( 4 ) connected pipe elements and compensators ( 17 ) exhibit.