DE102006032549A1 - Sensor element for determining gas component or particles, comprises carrier body with through hole , where sensitive area of sensor element is arranged as ceramic membrane in through hole and has measuring electrodes - Google Patents
Sensor element for determining gas component or particles, comprises carrier body with through hole , where sensitive area of sensor element is arranged as ceramic membrane in through hole and has measuring electrodes Download PDFInfo
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- DE102006032549A1 DE102006032549A1 DE200610032549 DE102006032549A DE102006032549A1 DE 102006032549 A1 DE102006032549 A1 DE 102006032549A1 DE 200610032549 DE200610032549 DE 200610032549 DE 102006032549 A DE102006032549 A DE 102006032549A DE 102006032549 A1 DE102006032549 A1 DE 102006032549A1
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- measuring electrodes
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims description 28
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 44
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001089 thermophoresis Methods 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001962 electrophoresis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005653 Brownian motion process Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005537 brownian motion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ceric oxide Chemical compound O=[Ce]=O CETPSERCERDGAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000422 cerium(IV) oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011195 cermet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012777 electrically insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
- G01N15/0606—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions by collecting particles on a support
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/06—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions
- G01N15/0656—Investigating concentration of particle suspensions using electric, e.g. electrostatic methods or magnetic methods
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N2015/0042—Investigating dispersion of solids
- G01N2015/0046—Investigating dispersion of solids in gas, e.g. smoke
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analyzing Materials By The Use Of Electric Means (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Sensorelement sowie einen Gassensor dieses enthaltend zur Bestimmung einer Gaskomponente oder von Partikeln bzw. deren Konzentration in einem Messgas nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The The present invention relates to a sensor element and a gas sensor containing it for determining a gas component or particles or their concentration in a measuring gas according to the preamble of Claim 1.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Der effektive Einsatz von Abgasnachbehandlungssystemen setzt deren Kontrolle hinsichtlich ihrer Funktionstüchtigkeit im Dauereinsatz voraus. Dazu werden Sensoren benötigt, mit denen auch im Langzeitbetrieb eine bspw. genaue Ermittlung der aktuell in einem Verbrennungsabgas vorliegenden Partikelkonzentration ermöglicht werden kann. Darüber hinaus soll mittels derartiger Sensoren eine Beladungsprognose beispielsweise eines in einem Abgassystem vorgesehenen Dieselpartikelfilter ermöglicht werden, um eine hohe Systemsicherheit zu erreichen und dadurch kostengünstigere Filtermaterialien einsetzen zu können. Für diese Anwendung sind insbesondere resistive Russsensoren geeignet, die die Widerstandsänderung einer interdigitalen Elektrodenstruktur aufgrund von Rußanlagerung zur Detektion des Rußes heranziehen.Of the effective use of exhaust aftertreatment systems puts their control in terms of their functionality in continuous use ahead. For this purpose, sensors are needed, with which even in long-term operation an example. Exact determination of the currently in a combustion exhaust gas present particle concentration can be made possible. Furthermore shall by means of such sensors, a loading forecast, for example a diesel particulate filter provided in an exhaust system, to achieve a high system security and thus more cost-effective To be able to use filter materials. For this In particular resistive Russian sensors are suitable, which are the resistance change an interdigital electrode structure due to Rußauflagerung for detecting the soot use.
So
ist aus der
Die Anlagerung der Partikel erfolgt durch Elektrophorese, also durch Einwirkung elektrischer Felder, und durch Diffusion von Partikeln infolge der Brownschen Molekularbewegung in Abhängigkeit von der Absoluttemperatur des Messgases. Daneben erfolgt die Anlagerung von Partikeln auf Oberflächen auch aufgrund von Temperaturgradienten durch sogenannte Thermophorese.The Addition of the particles is carried out by electrophoresis, ie by Action of electric fields, and by diffusion of particles due to the Brownian motion as a function of the absolute temperature of the sample gas. In addition, the addition of particles occurs surfaces also due to temperature gradients due to so-called thermophoresis.
Im Abgasstrang eines Verbrennungsmotors treten bei Lastwechseln des Motors innerhalb kürzester Zeit starke Temperaturschwankungen auf, so dass sich die Temperaturdifferenz zwischen Abgas und Sensor ständig ändert und zu unterschiedlichen Anlagerungsraten führt. Im Gegensatz zur Anlagerung durch Diffusion und Elektrophorese, bei der durch die Messung der Abgasabsoluttemperatur bzw. auf Basis von Geometrievorgaben und bei bekannten elektrischen Feldern und Strömungsverhältnissen die Anlagerungsraten direkt kontrolliert und beeinflusst werden können, ist die Thermophorese nicht kontrollierbar, sondern nur erfassbar. Für ein stabiles Messsignal müssen deshalb die Temperaturverhältnisse aktuell gemessen und auch Korrekturen bzw. in einem Kompensationsalgorithmus berücksichtigt werden. Das ist recht aufwändig und verteuert das Messprinzip.in the Exhaust line of an internal combustion engine occur during load changes of Motors within the shortest possible time Time strong temperature changes, so that the temperature difference between exhaust and sensor constantly changes and leads to different accumulation rates. In contrast to the attachment by diffusion and electrophoresis, in which by measuring the Exhaust gas absolute temperature or based on geometry specifications and in known electric fields and flow conditions, the deposition rates can not be directly controlled and influenced, thermophoresis is not controllable, but only detectable. For a stable measurement signal must therefore the temperature conditions currently measured and also corrections or in a compensation algorithm considered become. That is quite expensive and makes the measuring principle more expensive.
Aufgabe und Vorteile der ErfindungPurpose and advantages of the invention
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es, ein Sensorelement für Sensoren zur Bestimmung der Konzentration von Partikeln in Gasgemischen bereitzustellen, das die bestehenden Mängel herkömmlicher resistiver Gassensoren hinsichtlich der großen Beeinflussung der Partikelanlagerung durch thermophoretische Effekte reduziert.task The present invention is a sensor element for sensors to provide for the determination of the concentration of particles in gas mixtures, that the existing defects conventional Resistive gas sensors with regard to the large influence of particle accumulation reduced by thermophoretic effects.
Diese Aufgabe wird durch ein Sensorelement mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1 in vorteilhafter Weise gelöst.These Task is a sensor element with the characterizing features of claim 1 solved in an advantageous manner.
Dies beruht insbesondere auf dem einfachen Aufbau des Sensorelements und darauf dass der auf Partikel sensitive Bereich des Sensorelementes eine geringe thermische Masse aufweist und somit seine Temperatur rasch der jeweiligen Umgebungstemperatur anpassen kann.This is based in particular on the simple structure of the sensor element and that on the particle sensitive area of the sensor element has a low thermal mass and thus its temperature can quickly adapt to the ambient temperature.
Weiterhin wird der sensitive Bereich des Sensorelementes vorzugsweise thermisch von anderen Sensorbereichen entkoppelt, indem der Trägerkörper des Sensorelementes mindestens eine Durchbrechung aufweist, durch die Messgas von einer Seite des Sensorelementes zur anderen Seite gelangen kann.Farther the sensitive region of the sensor element is preferably thermal decoupled from other sensor areas by the carrier body of Sensor element has at least one opening through which Take sample gas from one side of the sensor element to the other side can.
Weitere vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen des vorliegenden Sensorelements bzw. Verfahrens zum Betrieb desselben ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Further advantageous embodiments the present sensor element or method for operating the same emerge from the dependent claims.
So ist es von Vorteil, wenn der sensitive Bereich des Sensorelementes innerhalb der Durchbrechung angeordnet ist, sodass einerseits die thermische Entkopplung desselben gewährleistet ist sowie ein weitgehend ungehinderter Zutritt des Messgases zum sensitiven Bereich des Sensorelementes. Dabei ist insbesondere von Vorteil, wenn der sensitive Bereich als in der Durchbrechung fixiertes Plättchen ausgeführt ist, auf dessen einer Großfläche Messelektroden vorgesehen sind.So It is advantageous if the sensitive area of the sensor element is disposed within the aperture, so that on the one hand the thermal decoupling of the same is guaranteed as well as a largely unhindered access of the sample gas to the sensitive area of the sensor element. It is particularly advantageous if the sensitive area as in the opening fixed platelet is executed, on whose one large surface measuring electrodes are provided.
Weiterhin ist von Vorteil, wenn auf der Rückseite des als Plättchen ausgeführten sensitiven Bereiches ein Widerstandsheizelement und/oder ein Temperaturfühler vorgesehen ist, da mittels des Widerstandsheizelementes angelagerter Ruß auf einfache Weise von Zeit zu Zeit entfernt werden kann und der Temperaturfühler eine zeitgenaue Temperaturkorrektur des Sensorsignals gestattet.Furthermore, it is advantageous if a resistance heating element and / or a temperature sensor is provided on the back of the sensitive area designed as a plate, since by means of the Wi derstandsheizelementes accumulated soot can be easily removed from time to time and the temperature sensor allows a timely temperature correction of the sensor signal.
Um die thermische Anbindung des sensitiven Bereiches an restliche Bereiche des Sensorelementes zu minimieren, ist es weiterhin von Vorteil, wenn das den sensitiven Bereich aufweisende Plättchen durch Zuleitungen der Messelektroden, des Temperaturfühlers und/oder des Heizelementes in der Durchbrechung des Sensorelementes fixiert ist. Eine alternative Ausführungsform besteht darin, dass das Plättchen brückenförmig zwischen mindestens einer Begrenzungsfläche der Durchbrechung und mindestens einer gegenüberliegenden Begrenzungsfläche der Durchbrechung ausgebildet ist.Around the thermal connection of the sensitive area to the remaining areas of the sensor element to minimize, it is also advantageous if the sensitive area having platelets through leads of the Measuring electrodes, the temperature sensor and / or the heating element in the opening of the sensor element is fixed. An alternative embodiment is that the Tile bridge-shaped between at least one boundary surface the opening and at least one opposite boundary surface of the Aperture is formed.
Von besonderem Vorteil ist es, wenn das Sensorelement in einen Sensor integriert ist, der mit einem Schutzrohr versehen ist, der das Sensorelement vor abrasiven Einflüssen des Messgases schützt, wobei mindestens eine Öffnung des Schutzrohres so positioniert ist, dass sie im wesentlichen kongruent zu der Durchbrechung des Sensorelementes angeordnet ist. Dabei ist die Öffnung des Schutzrohres vorzugsweise auf einer dem Messgasstrom abgewandten Seite des Schutzrohres vorgesehen. Auf diese Weise kann das Messgas weitgehend ungehindert zum sensitiven Bereich des Sensorelementes gelangen, ohne dass ein Verlust der Schutzwirkung eintritt. Eine Alternative besteht darin, das Schutzrohr doppelwandig auszuführen und die Öffnung für den Zutritt des Messgases zum Sensorelement an der inneren Wandung des Schutzrohres vorzusehen.From It is particularly advantageous if the sensor element in a sensor integrated, which is provided with a protective tube, which is the sensor element against abrasive influences of the sample gas protects, with at least one opening the protective tube is positioned so that it is substantially congruent is arranged to the opening of the sensor element. It is the opening of the protective tube preferably facing away from the sample gas stream Side of the protective tube provided. In this way, the sample gas largely unhindered to the sensitive area of the sensor element reach without loss of protective effect. A Alternative is to perform the protective double-walled and the opening for the Access of the sample gas to the sensor element on the inner wall of the Provide protective tube.
Ausführungsbeispieleembodiments
Die Erfindung wird anhand der Zeichnungen und der nachfolgenden, darauf Bezug nehmenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigenThe Invention will be with reference to the drawings and the following Description closer explained. Show it
In
Die
integrierte Form des planaren keramischen Körpers des Sensorelements
Die
keramischen Schichten
Das
Sensorelement
Durch
Anordnung des Plättchens
Die
Fixierung des Plättchens
Wird
das Plättchen
Zur
Fixierung des Plättchens
Werden
die keramischen Schichten
Auf
einer Großfläche des
Plättchens
Eine
alternative Ausführungsform
des sensitiven Bereichs
Zur
Kontaktierung der Messelektroden
Während des
Betriebs des Sensorelementes
Wird
nun an die Messelektroden
Eine weitere Möglichkeit besteht darin, den Anstieg des Stromflusses über der Zeit zu ermitteln und aus dem Quotienten aus Stromflussanstieg und Zeit bzw. aus dem Differentialquotienten aus Stromfluss nach der Zeit auf die abgelagerte Partikelmasse bzw. auf den aktuellen Partikelmassenstrom, insbesondere Rußmassenstrom, und auf die Partikelkonzentration im Gasgemisch zu schließen. Eine Berechnung der Partikelkonzentration ist auf der Basis der Messwerte möglich, sofern die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Gasgemisches bekannt ist. Diese bzw. der Volumenstrom des Gasgemisches kann bspw. mittels eines geeigneten weiteren Sensors bestimmt werden.A another possibility is to determine the increase in current flow over time and from the quotient of current flow increase and time or from the differential quotient from current flow after the time to the deposited particle mass or to the current particle mass flow, in particular soot mass flow, and to close the particle concentration in the gas mixture. A Calculation of the particle concentration is based on the measured values possible, provided the flow rate the gas mixture is known. This or the volume flow of the gas mixture can be determined, for example, by means of a suitable further sensor.
Das
Aufbringen der Elektrodenstrukturen der Messelektroden
Das
Sensorelement
Darüber hinaus
kann das Sensorelement
Der
Temperaturmessfühler
dient der Messung der Temperatur des Gasgemischs und wird u.a. zur
Korrektur des temperaturabhängigen
gemessenen Widerstandes des sich zwischen den Messelektroden
Wird das Sensorelement in einem Sensor zur Bestimmung der Rußkonzentration in einem Abgassystem eingesetzt und existiert in diesem System ein separater Abgastemperatursensor, so kann auf einen in das Sensorelement integrierten Temperaturmessfühler verzichtet werden.Becomes the sensor element in a sensor for determining the soot concentration used in an exhaust system and exists in this system Separate exhaust gas temperature sensor, so can one in the sensor element integrated temperature sensor be waived.
In
In
Eine
alternative Möglichkeit
besteht darin, die Öffnungen
in der äußeren Wandung
des Schutzrohres
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE200610032549 DE102006032549A1 (en) | 2006-07-13 | 2006-07-13 | Sensor element for determining gas component or particles, comprises carrier body with through hole , where sensitive area of sensor element is arranged as ceramic membrane in through hole and has measuring electrodes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE200610032549 DE102006032549A1 (en) | 2006-07-13 | 2006-07-13 | Sensor element for determining gas component or particles, comprises carrier body with through hole , where sensitive area of sensor element is arranged as ceramic membrane in through hole and has measuring electrodes |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE102006032549A1 true DE102006032549A1 (en) | 2008-01-17 |
Family
ID=38825261
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE200610032549 Ceased DE102006032549A1 (en) | 2006-07-13 | 2006-07-13 | Sensor element for determining gas component or particles, comprises carrier body with through hole , where sensitive area of sensor element is arranged as ceramic membrane in through hole and has measuring electrodes |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE102006032549A1 (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008040993A1 (en) | 2008-08-05 | 2010-02-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Sensor element for electro-chemical gas sensor for determining components in gas mixtures, and for determining sooty particles in exhaust gases of combustion engines, has ceramic base body with two defining surfaces and central opening |
| EP2175263A2 (en) | 2008-10-10 | 2010-04-14 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Steam quality sensor and method for determining steam quality |
| WO2011095286A2 (en) | 2010-02-04 | 2011-08-11 | E+E Elektronik Ges.M.B.H. | Sensor arrangement |
| DE102010032403A1 (en) * | 2010-07-27 | 2012-02-02 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Soot sensor for measuring current discharged soot, has sensor element, by which inter digital electrode structure is formed on substrate, and inlet is provided with high temperature-resistant covering |
-
2006
- 2006-07-13 DE DE200610032549 patent/DE102006032549A1/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE102008040993A1 (en) | 2008-08-05 | 2010-02-11 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Sensor element for electro-chemical gas sensor for determining components in gas mixtures, and for determining sooty particles in exhaust gases of combustion engines, has ceramic base body with two defining surfaces and central opening |
| EP2175263A2 (en) | 2008-10-10 | 2010-04-14 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Steam quality sensor and method for determining steam quality |
| EP2175263A3 (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2012-02-29 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Steam quality sensor and method for determining steam quality |
| WO2011095286A2 (en) | 2010-02-04 | 2011-08-11 | E+E Elektronik Ges.M.B.H. | Sensor arrangement |
| WO2011095286A3 (en) * | 2010-02-04 | 2012-02-02 | E+E Elektronik Ges.M.B.H. | Sensor arrangement |
| DE102010032403A1 (en) * | 2010-07-27 | 2012-02-02 | Continental Automotive Gmbh | Soot sensor for measuring current discharged soot, has sensor element, by which inter digital electrode structure is formed on substrate, and inlet is provided with high temperature-resistant covering |
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| R012 | Request for examination validly filed |
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