DE102006034900A1 - Production of granulates, preferably a washing or cleaning agent granulates, comprises providing a carrier material, mixing a brightener and a binder to a brightener-binder-preparation and spraying the preparation on carrier material - Google Patents

Abstract

Production of granulates, preferably a washing or cleaning agent granulates or a component for this purpose, comprises: (a) providing a carrier material, (b) mixing a brightener system and a binder to form a brightener-binder-preparation and (c) spraying the preparation on the carrier material, where the brightener system comprises one or more optical brightener. The brightener-binder preparation comprises water, one or more acid(s) and/or salt(s), preferably a buffer system. At least one of the optical brightener, preferably all optical brighteners exhibit(s) a particle. Independent claims are included for: (1) granulates, preferably washing- or cleaning agent granulates or a component for this purpose, comprising a carrier material and a coating, which comprises optical brightener and binder, where the granulates show a white level of above 110, preferably of above 115; and (2) use of a preparation (I) comprising a binder, which contains surfactant, preferably niosurfactant, optical brightener, acids and/or salts, preferably a buffer system and water for coating a carrier material and for increasing the white level of a carrier material.

Description

The The present invention relates to a process for producing a Granules, in particular a detergent or cleaning agent granules or a component thereof, a granulate which can be produced by this process, as well as the use of a preparation comprising optical brightener for Coating as well as for increasing the whitegrain of a Support material.

granulation, Agglomeration, coating and other manufacturing methods to provide particulate Solids are extensively described in the art. The Products of these methods are described in the following simplified referred to as granules, which means the term granules Granules in the narrow sense, agglomerates, powders, coated particles, Includes prills and so on. by virtue of the variety of possible Manufacturing process for Granules and the variety of the raw materials used and individual components have the respective final process products, the granules, sometimes significantly different physical Properties on. The consumer alone makes a difference simple consideration of the granules between more or less round, bigger and smaller granules. The consumer perceives whether the granules has a narrower or wider particle size distribution and wins one - subjectively perceived - color impression. In short, the funds differ in product design.

By the enormous variety of for all needs of the daily Life granules offered faces the consumer before the Problem posed, from a barely to survey variety of Just to select the product that suits his needs most corresponds. Here the product design can be the consumer make the purchase decision easier.

The Buying decision is generally based on very different Criteria, but above all the price of the presented goods and their quality. As an additional Criterion for the purchase decision, however, the product design is becoming increasingly important. The consumer wants usually use a product, which is also its aesthetic Appeals to. That's why many products come with equipped with visually appealing packaging. Also the product in itself is of great Interest, for example regarding its color and shape. As an example, particulate washing or detergents. A visually appealing product For example, a laundry detergent that is made exclusively from this area almost spherical Particles exists. Such a detergent made almost the same and almost spherical Particles indicates due to its high symmetry and its homogeneous appearance in the eyes of the consumer to high care in the preparation and high competence in the processing of the particulate detergent out while an agent that consists of very irregularly shaped particles, does not trigger corresponding positive associations among the consumer. The situation is similar with the color impression that the consumer gains from a product. Especially in the field of detergents or cleaners, cosmetic Medicated agents, pharmaceuticals and foods a pure white Product selected from the consumer, that is from special pure, high-quality components to exist while, for example, a yellowish or greyish shimmering washing or treatment agent suspect the consumer leaves, that it is an inferior agent in which components low quality were processed that already a decomposition of individual ingredients took place, or a graying of the textiles in the direction the hue of the least appealing agent is to be feared.

In front This background was the asked to the present invention Task in the provision of an aesthetically pleasing granules.

This object is achieved by a method for producing a granulate, which is characterized by a high degree of whiteness. In this method, a carrier material is sprayed with a brightener-binder preparation, wherein the brightener-binder preparation contains one or more acid (s) and / or salt (s), preferably a buffer system, and / or at least one of the optical brightener having a particle diameter d ₅₀ ≤ 10 microns.

• a) Bereitstellen eines Trägermateriales;
• b) Vermischen eines Aufhellersystems und eines Bindemittels zu einer Aufheller-Bindemittel-Zubereitung und
• c) Aufsprühen der Aufheller-Bindemittel-Zubereitung auf das Trägermaterial,

wobei das Aufhellersystem einen oder mehrere optischen Aufheller umfasst, wobei

• – die Aufheller-Bindemittel-Zubereitung zudem Wasser und ein(e) oder mehrere Säure(n) und/oder Salz(e), bevorzugt ein Puffersystem enthält und/oder
• – mindestens einer der optischen Aufheller, vorzugsweise sämtliche optischen Aufheller einen Partikeldurchmesser d₅₀ ≤ 10 μm aufweist/aufweisen.

The present invention is a process for producing a granulate according to the invention according to, comprising the steps

• a) providing a support material;
• b) mixing a brightener system and a binder to a brightener-binder preparation and
• c) spraying the brightener-binder preparation onto the carrier material,

wherein the brightener system comprises one or more optical brighteners, wherein

• The brightener-binder preparation additionally contains water and one or more acid (s) and / or salt (s), preferably a buffer system, and / or
• - At least one of the optical brightener, preferably all optical brightener has a particle diameter d ₅₀ ≤ 10 microns / have.

Surprised It was found that produced by the process according to the invention granules can be the very high whiteness exhibit.

One Another object of the present invention is a granulate, in particular detergent or cleaning agent granules or a component therefor, preparable by the process according to the invention, comprising support material and a coating which optical brightener and Bin demittel wherein the granules have a whiteness to Berger above of 110, preferably above 112 and especially above of 115.

Especially the degree of whiteness is preferred to Berger at least 117, especially at least 120. The whiteness to Ganz is preferably at least 155, with preference at at least 160 and especially at least 165.

By means of the method according to the invention, a granulate is provided which appears "pure white." In order to detect the sensory impression of the color "white" colorimetrically, one needs the complete physical information, that is, the remission over the entire visible spectral range. This information then has to be linked to the spectral properties of a standard illuminant (D ₆₅ ) and the spectral sensitivity functions of the human eye (10 ° observer). Depending on the selected setting, the standard color values X, Y and Z, the standard color value components x, y and z, the remission rates R _x , R _y and R _z or the colorimetric values L, a are used by means of a spectral photometer with daylight-like illumination (preferably xenon lamp) and b determined according to CIELAB. The values x, y and z output by the spectrophotometer can be converted into the other values by means of generally known equations.

By means of different whiteness formulas, the whiteness of the measured sample can be calculated from these spectral values. Berger's degree of whiteness is calculated from the formula W _B = R _y + 3 (R _z -R _x ).

As Berger's whiteness formula, as well as other whiteness formulas, has been empirically established, it contains a color tone preference. In the case of color-matched samples, for example blue-green-stained samples and thus a high R _z and R _y value, the mathematical relationship calculates too high a "falsified" Berger whiteness, which is referred to as the blue-green preference of Such a falsification of whiteness can only be counteracted by classifying only those samples with a Berger whiteness which appear as pure white as possible.

A Quantification of the condition "if possible pure white "was from Ganz and Griesser performed. These foresee that their whiteness formula only to determine the whiteness a sample should be used if the hue deviation number the measured sample in relation to a reference white scale within an acceptance range. In the context of this invention is intended preferably only for such granules the whiteness be determined according to Berger whose color deviation number (FAZ) in Range ± 2.8, especially in the range -1.0 to -2.8.

All and Griesser developed a method that enables the whiteness as well as the hue deviation number with different measuring devices and device conditions and yet reproducible and comparable (Mismatched) To get results. To become a UV adaptation (after Gärtner / Griesser) and a determination of the device-specific Formula parameters (for the White valuation method after Ganz). Here are the device parameters set up for that a reference white scale predetermined values are determined.

The whiteness to Ganz is determined by the formula W _G = (D x Y) + (P x) + (Q x y) + C. Here, Y is the brightness value and x and y are the standard color value components.

The hue deviation according to Ganz / Griesser is calculated from FAZ _GG = (mx) + (nxy) + k. The parameters D, P, Q, C, m, n and k are calculated on a scale and device basis. Further details can be found in the following literature: The UV adjustment and the determination of the device-specific formula parameters are comprehensive in the manual of the Hohenstein white scale / textile illumination control pattern (Hohen Steiner Institute, Schloss Hohenstein, D-74357 Bönnigheim) and the literature cited in this guide. In particular, reference should be made at this point to the seminar documents quoted in the manual of the Hohenheim Seminars, Seminar 711: Instumentelle Weißbewertung, Author: Rolf Griesser.

in the Within the scope of the present invention, the whiteness determination required physical information by means of a Datacolor Spectraflash SF 500 spectrophotometer determined by means of a 4-stage, from the BAM examined Hohensteiner White measuring scale based on cotton (Hohenstein Institute, Bönnigheim) according to the Scale accompanying instructions and the seminar documents listed above the Hohenheim seminars was calibrated. As in the Hohenstein Seminar documents executed can reproduced these results with other suitable spectrophotometers as long as the necessary calibrations with a reference white scale carried out were. From the measurement results was after the above Formula of whiteness calculated according to Berger. To the comparability of the values for the degree of whiteness To ensure Berger In the context of the present invention, degrees of whiteness are preferably exclusively for those Samples determined whose color deviation number (FAZ) in the above Range of ± 2.8, especially in the range -1.0 to -2.8.

In The present documentation includes the term "granules" granules in the narrower sense, agglomerates and powders. Accordingly, can any particulate material that appears suitable to one skilled in the art the carrier material of the granules according to the invention form. Preferably, the carrier material is a spray-dried or granulated base powder, which preferably has at least two components contains. In the field of detergents or cleaners, the carrier material comprises prefers builders, which in a high, moderate or Low-speed mixer with the addition of agglomeration liquid agglomerated and then were granulated. Also spray-dried, produced by prilling or in a fluidized bed process Materials, in high, moderate and / or Low-speed mixer granulated compositions, extruded and / or roll-compacted compositions or components may be described as support materials be used. The carrier material may be homogeneous or already have one or more coating layers include. Also, the coating of a commercially available and not further processed raw material or compounds within the method according to the invention is possible. In a preferred embodiment includes the carrier material a component for a washing or cleaning agent or a full formulation of such By means of comprehensive builder and Surfactant. In the field of detergents or cleaners and the Components for corresponding agents preferably used constituents of a suitable support material will be later in detail described.

The support material forms the core of the granulate according to the invention, which in the method according to the invention preferably at least 30 area%, preferably at least 50 area%, particularly preferably at least 70 area% and in particular to at least 90 area% with a coating comprising optical brightener and a binder wrapped becomes. The binder may include one or more binder components and preferably acts as a suspension liquid for the optical brightener. The binder may be aqueous or non-aqueous. examples for suitable binders are aqueous Preparations comprising salts, water glass, alkyl polyglycosides, carbohydrates, natural and synthetic polymers such as cellulose ethers, starch, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol and / or biopolymers such as xanthan, hydrous organic solvents with swollen polymers, melts, triglycerides, terpenes, glycerol, Silicone oil, Paraffin (oil) natural oils, surfactants and surfactant mixtures. The binder particularly preferably contains nonionic, anionic, cationic and / or amphoteric surfactants, preferably nonionic and / or anionic surfactants and in particular nonionic surfactants, preferably from the group of alkoxylated Fettalokohole and fatty acid alkyl ester, Alkylphenol polyglycol ethers, fatty aminoalkoxylates, alkoxylated triglycerides, Mixed ethers, alkyl polyglycosides, amine oxides and polyhydroxy fatty acid amides. Contains special preference the binder alkoxylated nonionic surfactant. In the binder and / or the brightener-binder preparation is preferably water, however, the water content of the brightener-binder preparation is with preference at most 20 wt .-%, more preferably at most 10 wt .-% and especially at most 5 wt .-% is.

According to the invention, a preparation comprising optical brighteners is used in the process. Suitable optical brighteners are all those compounds which are capable of converting invisible ultraviolet radiation into visible longer wavelength light and thus enhance the whiteness of the granulate of the invention. Suitable optical brighteners are derived, for example, from the substance classes of 4,4'-diamino-2,2'-stilbenedisulfonic acids (flavone acids), 4,4'-distyrylbiphenyls, methylumbelliferones, coumarins, dihydroquinolinones, 1,3-diarylpyrazolines, naphthalimides, benzoxazole , Benzisoxazol- and benzimidazole systems and substituted by heterocycles pyrene derivatives. Particularly preferred are derivatives bis (triazinylamino) -stilbene disulfonic acid and 4,4'-distyrylbiphenyl. Preferably, the brightener-binder composition comprises at least one, preferably one to four, preferably two optical brighteners. The amount of optical brightener is - based on the brightener-binder preparation - preferably 2 to 20 wt .-%, particularly preferably from 3 to 15 wt .-% and in particular from 4 to 10 wt .-%.

It has been shown that the whiteness of the granules can be increased when in the process according to the invention a brightener system is used, which at least 2 optical Contains brightener, the weight ratio between the brightener, which is the largest weight fraction of the sum of optical brightener, to the brightener, which is the least Weight proportion of the sum of the optical brighteners, from 1.0: 1 to 10: 1, preferably from 1.1: 1 to 8: 1 and in particular from 1.2: 1 to 6: 1. It has also proved to be advantageous if the weight ratio of Binder to optical brightener in the brightener-binder preparation the method according to the invention from 50: 1 to 1: 1, preferably from 25: 1 to 4: 1 and in particular from 20: 1 to 7: 1.

In the coating of the granules according to the invention are preferably one to four, with particular preference two optical brighteners preferred in an amount of 2 to 20 wt .-%, particularly preferably from 3 to Contain 15 wt .-% and in particular from 4 to 10 wt .-%. These Values are particularly achieved when a brightener-binder formulation comprising 2 to 20 wt .-% optical brightener is used, the less than 10 wt .-%, preferably less than 7.5 wt .-%, with particular preference less than 5 wt .-% and especially less as 2.5% by weight of water or other volatile / vaporizable components contains. The finished granules contains advantageously from 0.01 to 0.5% by weight and in particular from 0.05 to 0.4% by weight optical brightener.

Unexpectedly was found to increase the granules whiteness according to Berger can be achieved when in the inventive method a brightener-binder formulation is used, the water contains and a pH of from 4 to 11, preferably from 5 to 9, especially preferably from 4 to 8, preferably from 4.5 to 7 and in particular from 5 to 6. A corresponding pH of the aqueous Brightener-binder preparation can be, for example, by the Use of salts, acid or be set a buffer system. The brightener-binder preparation contains therefore preferably additionally acids and / or salts, preferably a buffer system, preferably in amounts from 0.01 to 15 wt .-% and in particular from 0.1 to 3 wt .-%. In addition to The components mentioned can be the brightener-binder preparation include further components. Suitable optional components of Brightener-binder preparation will be mentioned later in the text. Prefers is the weight fraction of these additional optional components but below 20% by weight, preferably below 15% by weight, more preferably below 10 wt .-% and in particular below 5 wt .-%, based on the brightener-binder preparation.

suitable Buffer systems preferably include one or more buffers the group citric acid / citrate, Acetic acid / acetate, Boric acid / sodium borate, Phosphoric acid / sodium phosphate, Bicarbonate / soda, ammonia / ammonium chloride, [(carbamoylmethyl) -imino] -diacetic acid, N, N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) -2-aminoethanesulfonic acid, N, N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) -glycine, 3- (cyclohexylamino) -1-propanesulfonic acid, 2- [4- (2-hydroxyethyl) piperazino] ethanesulfonic acid, 2-morpholinoethanesulfonic acid, 3-morpholinopropane-1-sulfonic acid, piperazine-N, N'-bis (ethanesulfonic acid), 2- {[Tris (hydroxymethyl) methyl] amino} ethanesulfonic acid and N- [2-hydroxy-1,1-bis (hydroxymethyl) ethyl] glycine.

One preferred granules according to the invention contains in the coating one or more acid (s) and / or salt (s) in Amounts of from 0.01 to 15% by weight, preferably from 0.1 to 3% by weight, these preferably forming a buffer system. In a special preferred embodiment the buffer system has a 0.1 M aqueous buffer solution pH of 4 to 11 and in particular a pH of 5 to 9 on.

One preferred subject of the present invention is a granulate, especially a washing or Cleaning granules or a component thereof, comprising a carrier material and a coating, which optical brightener, binder, preferably nonionic surfactant, and a buffer system, wherein the Granules a whiteness Berger has above 110 and a 0.1 M aqueous solution of the contained Buffer system has a pH of 4 to 11.

A further improvement in Berger's whiteness can be achieved if at least one, preferably all, optical brighteners contained in the coating are finely ground. Preferably, at least one of the optical contained in the coating of the granules according to the invention Brightener a particle diameter d ₅₀ ≤ 10 microns. With particular preference, the average particle diameter d _{50 of} all optical brighteners contained in the coating is less than or equal to 10 μm.

A preferred subject matter of the present invention is a granulate, in particular a detergent or detergent granule or a component thereof, comprising a carrier material and a coating which comprises at least one optical brightener and binder, preferably nonionic surfactant, wherein the granules have a Berger whiteness above 110 and at least one of the optical brighteners contained in the coating, preferably all of the optical brighteners contained in the coating has / have an average particle diameter d ₅₀ ≦ 10 μm.

The average particle diameter d ₅₀ of the optical brightener (s) in the coating is preferably in the range of 1 to 10 μm. The average particle diameter d _{50 of} one or all of the optical brighteners is preferably 3 to 10 μm, in particular 5 to 10 μm.

For special embodiments it can be provided that the optical brightener (s) has / have an even smaller average particle size. Best results have been found when the optical brightener (s) has a mean particle diameter d ₅₀ of 0.05 to 1 μm.

One Granules, which in the coating a finely ground optical Contains brightener, can be prepared by in the process according to the invention a correspondingly grinding optical brightener is used.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the method, the optical brightener (s) is ground before or after, preferably before mixing with the binder to a particle diameter d ₅₀ of 1 to 10 μm, preferably by means of a jet mill. In another, likewise very preferred embodiment of the method, it is provided that the optical brightener (s) before or after, preferably after mixing with the binder to a particle diameter d ₅₀ of 0.05 to 1 .mu.m, preferably in the liquid Phase and in particular by means of a stirrer mill to crush.

With particular advantage is the in whiteness enhancing effects of the use a finely ground optical brightener and a suitable Combined buffer systems and so get particularly white granules. The Effects of reduction of the particle diameter of the optical Brightener and the pH of the buffer system contained in the coating act synergistically together.

In front and / or after step c) of the method according to the invention is advantageously in an additional Step d) a powdering agent on the carrier material and / or on the applied with the brightener-binder preparation sprayed carrier material.

When Powder agents come all finely divided substances in question, with other detergent ingredients how builders can be used. These will be later in the text listed. Preferred are as additional Powdering agents zeolites, silicates, polymeric polycarboxylates, Carbonates, citrates, starch, Cellulose derivatives, etc. used. Also part of any existing Buffer system can be used for powdering. It is preferred used as a powdering agent zeolite. The amount of used Coagulant is preferably 0.5 to 5 wt .-% and in particular from 1 to 2.5 wt .-%, based on the finished granules.

The Brightener-binder preparation can be used in a stirred tank, for example, with propeller, disc, helical or anchor stirrer or also be made in a static mixer. The spraying of the Brightener-binder preparation on the support material and subsequent mixing is preferably in a low shear mixer, for example a pneumatic fluidized bed, a shell or drum mixer, a Doppelkonus-, wobble or V-mixer or on a conveyor belt cascade carried out.

To the jetting the brightener-binder preparation are preferably on or Two-fluid nozzles used.

Of the Abspuderns can be done in the same mixer in which also the brightener-binder preparation on the carrier material sprayed becomes. However, it may also be provided that another mixer, preferably a low shear mixer to the mixer in which the preparation sprayed on is, upstream or downstream.

The Granules according to the invention has a high shelf life in terms of whiteness change on.

The positive impression of the particulate product is further improved if this has a consumer appealing shape. According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the granules according to the invention are uniform, preferably almost spherical or ellipsoidal. The mean form factor of the granules is preferably at least 0.79, preferably at least 0.81, advantageously at least 0.83, more preferably at least 0.85 and especially at least 0.87. The shape factor, also called shape factor or rounding factor, in the sense of the present invention can be precisely determined by modern particle measurement techniques with digital image processing. A typical suitable particle shape analysis, as it is, for example, with the Camsizer ^® system from Retsch Technology or with the KeSizer @) by Kemira feasible, based on the fact that the particles are irradiated with a light source and recorded the particles as projection surfaces, digitized and be processed by computer technology. The determination of the surface curvature is made by an optical measuring method, in which the "shadow cast" of the parts to be examined is determined and converted into a corresponding form factor.The measuring limits of this optical analysis method are 15 μm and 90 mm, respectively larger particles are known to the person skilled in the art, and these are generally based on the principles of the aforementioned methods.

A uniform particle size and thus a narrow particle size distribution also contributes to a positive overall impression of a granulate. This is referred to as a uniform particle size if the particles have a size distribution in which the ratio of d ₅₀ to d _{90 is} at least 0.50, preferably at least 0.6, more preferably at least 0.75 and in particular at least 0.80. The granules according to the invention preferably have these properties.

As a general rule becomes the white impression of the carrier material improved by the application of the coating. desirably the entire end product should have a high degree of whiteness and thus the purchase decision of the consumer. Therefore, preferably, the plurality the particulate Components of a final product, such as a washing or Cleaning agent, preferably all particulate components with a brightener-binder preparation according to the above Sprayed method.

• – ein Bindemittel, welches mit Vorzug Tensid, vorzugsweise Niotensid enthält,
• – optischen Aufheller,
• – eine Säure und/oder ein Salz, bevorzugt ein Puffersystem, und
• – Wasser

zur Beschichtung eines Trägermateriales ist ein weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung.The use of a preparation comprising

• A binder which preferably contains surfactant, preferably nonionic surfactant,
• - optical brightener,
• An acid and / or a salt, preferably a buffer system, and
• - Water

for coating a carrier material is a further object of the present invention.

• – ein Bindemittel, welches mit Vorzug Tensid, vorzugsweise Niotensid enthält,
• – optischen Aufheller,
• – eine Säure und/oder ein Salz, bevorzugt ein Puffersystem, und
• – Wasser

zur Weißgraderhöhung eines Trägermateriales.The subject of the present invention is also the use of a preparation comprising

• A binder which preferably contains surfactant, preferably nonionic surfactant,
• - optical brightener,
• An acid and / or a salt, preferably a buffer system, and
• - Water

for increasing the white scale of a support material.

The support material preferably comprises a washing or cleaning agent or a Component for this. Particularly preferably contains the carrier material washing or cleaning substances, preferably from the group the builders, Surfactants, polymers, bleaches, bleach activators, bleach catalysts, Enzymes, disintegration aids, fragrances and perfume carriers. As As described above, selected compounds These classes also be part of the brightener-binder preparation and thus a component of the coating of the granules according to the invention form. These preferred ingredients will be described in more detail below.

To the builders counting in particular the zeolites, silicates, carbonates, organic cobuilders and where no ecological Prejudices against their use exist - even the phosphates.

The finely crystalline, synthetic and bound water-containing zeolite used is preferred zeolite A and / or P. As zeolite P zeolite MAP ^® (commercial product from Crosfield) is particularly preferred. Also suitable, however, are zeolite X and mixtures of A, X and / or P. Commercially available and preferably usable in the context of the present invention is, for example, a cocrystal of zeolite X and zeolite A (about 80% by weight of zeolite X) ), by the formula n Na ₂ O • (1-n) K ₂ O • Al ₂ O ₃ • (2-2.5) SiO ₂ • (3.5-5.5) H ₂ O can be described. The zeolite can be used both as a builder in a granular compound and for a kind of "powdering" of a granular mixture, preferably a mixture to be compressed, whereby usually both ways of incorporating the zeolite into the premix are used an average particle size of less than 10 microns (volume distribution, measuring method: Coulter Counter) and preferably contain 18 to 22 wt .-%, in particular 20 to 22 wt .-% of bound water.

Preference is given to using crystalline layer-form silicates of the general formula NaMSi _x O _{2x + 1} .yH ₂ O, in which M represents sodium or hydrogen, x is an integer from 1.9 to 22, preferably from 1.9 to 4, with particular preference preferred values for x are 2, 3 or 4, and y is a number from 0 to 33, preferably from 0 to 20. The crystalline layer-form silicates of the formula NaMSi _x O _{2x + 1} .yH ₂ O are sold, for example, by the company Clariant GmbH (Germany) under the trade name Na-SKS. Examples of these silicates are Na-SKS-1 (Na ₂ Si ₂₂ O ₄₅ .xH ₂ O, Kenyaite), Na-SKS-2 (Na ₂ Si ₁₄ O ₂₉ .xH ₂ O, magadiite), Na-SKS -3 (Na ₂ Si ₈ O ₁₇ .xH ₂ O) or Na-SKS-4 (Na ₂ Si ₄ O ₉ .xH ₂ O, Makatite).

Particularly suitable for the purposes of the present invention are crystalline phyllosilicates of the formula NaMSi _x O _{2x + 1} .yH ₂ O, in which x is 2. In particular, both β- and δ-sodium disilicates are Na ₂ Si ₂ O ₅ .yH ₂ O and also, above all, Na-SKS-5 (α-Na ₂ Si ₂ O ₅ ), Na-SKS-7 (β-Na ₂ Si ₂ O _5, natrosilite), Na-SKS-9 (NaHSi ₂ O ₅ · H ₂ O), Na-SKS-10 (NaHSi ₂ O ₅ · 3 H ₂ O, kanemite), Na-SKS-11 ( t-Na ₂ Si ₂ O ₅ ) and Na-SKS-13 (NaHSi ₂ O ₅ ), but especially Na-SKS-6 (δ-Na ₂ Si ₂ O ₅ ).

It is also possible to use amorphous sodium silicates with a Na ₂ O: SiO ₂ modulus of from 1: 2 to 1: 3.3, preferably from 1: 2 to 1: 2.8 and in particular from 1: 2 to 1: 2.6, which preferably delayed release and have secondary washing properties. The dissolution delay compared with conventional amorphous sodium silicates may have been caused in various ways, for example by surface treatment, compounding, compaction / densification or by overdrying. In the context of this invention, the term "amorphous" is understood to mean that the silicates do not yield sharp X-ray reflections typical of crystalline substances in X-ray diffraction experiments, but at most one or more maxima of the scattered X-rays having a width of several degrees of diffraction angle , cause.

alternative or in combination with the aforementioned amorphous sodium silicates become X-ray amorphous Silicate used, the silicate particles in electron diffraction experiments provide blurred or even sharp diffraction maxima. This is to interpret that the products microcrystalline areas the size ten up to several hundred nm, with values up to max. 50 nm and especially up to max. 20 nm are preferred. Such X-ray amorphous Silicates also have a dissolution delay over the conventional ones water glasses on. Particularly preferred are compacted / compacted amorphous Silicates, compounded amorphous silicates and overdried X-ray amorphous Silicates.

Of course it is also a use of the well-known phosphates as builders possible, if such use is not avoided for environmental reasons should be. Among the variety of commercially available Phosphates have the alkali metal phosphates, with particular preference of Pentasodium or pentakalium triphosphate (sodium or potassium tripolyphosphate) in the washing and cleaning industry the greatest importance.

Alkali metal phosphates is the summary term for the alkali metal (especially sodium and potassium) salts of various phosphoric acids, in which one can distinguish metaphosphoric acids (HPO ₃ ) _n and orthophosphoric H ₃ PO _{4 in} addition to higher molecular weight representatives. The phosphates combine several advantages: they act as alkali carriers, prevent lime deposits on machine parts or lime incrustations in fabrics and also contribute to the cleaning performance.

Technically particularly important phosphates are the pentasodium triphosphate, Na ₅ P ₃ O ₁₀ (sodium tripolyphosphate) and the corresponding potassium salt pentapotassium triphosphate, K ₅ P ₃ O ₁₀ (potassium tripolyphosphate). The sodium potassium tripolyphosphates are also preferably used according to the invention.

Further builders are the alkali carriers. Examples of alkali carriers are alkali metal hydroxides, Alkali metal carbonates, alkali metal bicarbonates, alkali metal sesquicarbonates, the said alkali metal silicates, alkali metal silicates, and mixtures of the abovementioned substances, preference being given to using alkali metal carbonates, in particular sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate or sodium sesquicarbonate for the purposes of this invention. Particularly preferred may be a builder system containing a mixture of tripolyphosphate and sodium carbonate. Because of their low chemical compatibility with the other ingredients of detergents or cleaners compared with other builders, the alkali metal hydroxides are preferably only in small amounts, preferably in amounts below 10 wt .-%, preferably below 6 wt .-%, more preferably below 4 wt .-% and in particular below 2 wt .-%, each based on the total weight of the detergent or cleaning agent used. Particularly preferred are agents which, based on their total weight, contain less than 0.5% by weight and in particular no alkali metal hydroxides.

Especially preference is given to the use of carbonate (s) and / or bicarbonate (s), preferably alkali metal carbonate (s), more preferably sodium carbonate.

When Organic co-builders are in particular polycarboxylates / polycarboxylic acids, polymers Polycarboxylates, aspartic acid, To name polyacetals, dextrins and phosphonates. These substance classes are described below.

useful organic builders For example, they are in the form of the free acid and / or their sodium salts usable polycarboxylic acids, where among polycarboxylic acids such carboxylic acids be understood that carry more than one acid function. For example these are citric acid, Adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, sugar acids, aminocarboxylic acids, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), if such an application for ecological reasons not is objectionable, as well as mixtures of these. Own the free acids In addition to their builder effect typically also the property of a acidifying and thus serve to set a lower and milder one pH value of detergents or cleaning agents. In particular, here are citric acid, Succinic acid, glutaric, adipic acid, gluconic and to name any mixtures of these.

When builders are further polymeric polycarboxylates suitable, these are for example the alkali metal salts of polyacrylic acid or polymethacrylic acid, for example those with a molecular weight from 500 to 70000 g / mol.

For the purposes of this document, the molecular weights stated for polymeric polycarboxylates are weight-average molar masses M _{w of} the particular acid form, which were determined in principle by means of gel permeation chromatography (GPC), a UV detector being used. The measurement was carried out against an external polyacrylic acid standard, which provides realistic molecular weight values due to its structural relationship with the polymers investigated.

suitable Polymers are in particular polyacrylates, which preferably have a molecular mass of 2000 to 20,000 g / mol. Because of their superior solubility can from this group again the short-chain polyacrylates, the molecular weights from 2000 to 10000 g / mol, and more preferably from 3000 to 5000 g / mol, may be preferred.

Suitable are furthermore copolymeric polycarboxylates, especially those of acrylic acid with methacrylic acid and the acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with maleic acid. Particularly suitable are copolymers of acrylic acid with maleic which contain 50 to 90% by weight of acrylic acid and 50 to 10% by weight of maleic acid. Your molecular weight, based on free acids, is in general from 2000 to 70000 g / mol, preferably from 20,000 to 50,000 g / mol and in particular 30,000 to 40,000 g / mol.

The (co) polymeric polycarboxylates can either as a powder or as an aqueous one solution be used.

to Improvement of water solubility can the polymers also include allylsulfonic acids, such as allyloxybenzenesulfonic acid and methallylsulfonic acid, as Contain monomer.

Especially Biodegradable polymers of more than two are also preferred various monomer units, for example, those as monomers Salts of acrylic acid and maleic acid and vinyl alcohol or vinyl alcohol derivatives or as monomers Salts of acrylic acid and 2-alkylallyl sulfonic acid and sugar derivatives.

Further preferred copolymers are those which are used as monomers acrolein and Acrylic acid / acrylic acid salts or acrolein and vinyl acetate.

As well are as further preferred builders polymeric aminodicarboxylic acids whose Salts or their precursors to call. Particular preference is given to polyaspartic acids or their salts.

Further Suitable builders are polyacetals, which by reaction of dialdehydes with polyol carboxylic acids containing 5 to 7 carbon atoms and at least 3 hydroxyl groups can be obtained. preferred Polyacetals are made from dialdehydes such as glyoxal, glutaraldehyde, terephthalaldehyde and mixtures thereof and from polyol carboxylic acids such as gluconic acid and / or glucoheptonic receive.

Further suitable organic builders are dextrins, for example Oligomers or polymers of carbohydrates by partial Hydrolysis of starches can be obtained. The hydrolysis can be carried out according to usual, for example acidic or enzyme-catalyzed processes. Preferably These are hydrolysis products with average molecular weights in the range from 400 to 500,000 g / mol. It is a polysaccharide with a Dextrose equivalent (DE) in the range of 0.5 to 40, in particular from 2 to 30, where DE is a common measure of the reducing Effect of a polysaccharide compared to dextrose, which DE of 100 is. Useful are both maltodextrins with a DE between 3 and 20 and dry glucose syrup with a DE between 20 and 37 as well as so-called yellow dextrins and white dextrins with higher Molar masses in the range of 2000 to 30,000 g / mol.

at the oxidized derivatives of such dextrins are their reaction products with oxidants, which are able are at least one alcohol function of the saccharide ring to the carboxylic acid function to oxidize.

Also Oxydisuccinates and other derivatives of disuccinates, preferably Ethylenediamine disuccinate are other suitable cobuilders. there becomes ethylenediamine-N, N'-disuccinate (EDDS) preferably used in the form of its sodium or magnesium salts. Also preferred in this context are glycerol disuccinates and glycerol trisuccinates.

Further useful organic cobuilders are, for example, acetylated hydroxy or their salts, which may also be present in lactone form can and which at least 4 carbon atoms and at least one hydroxy group and a maximum of two acid groups contain.

Furthermore can all compounds that are capable of complexes with alkaline earth ions train as builders be used.

to Group of surfactants are the nonionic, the anionic, the cationic and the amphoteric surfactants counted.

As nonionic surfactants, it is possible to use all nonionic surfactants known to the person skilled in the art. Low-foaming nonionic surfactants are used as preferred surfactants. Detergents or cleaning agents with particular preference contain nonionic surfactants from the group of alkoxylated alcohols. The nonionic surfactants used are preferably alkoxylated, advantageously ethoxylated, in particular primary, alcohols having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms and on average 1 to 12 moles of ethylene oxide (EO) per mole of alcohol, in which the alcohol radical can be linear or preferably methyl-branched in the 2-position or linear and methyl-branched radicals in the mixture can contain, as they are usually present in Oxoalkoholresten. In particular, however, alcohol ethoxylates with linear radicals of alcohols of natural origin having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, for example of coconut, palm, tallow or oleyl alcohol, and on average 2 to 8 moles of EO per mole of alcohol are preferred. The preferred ethoxylated alcohols include, for example, C _12-14 alcohols with 3 EO or 4 EO, C _9-11 alcohols with 7 EO, C _13-15 alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO, 7 EO or 8 EO, C _12-18 alcohols with 3 EO, 5 EO or 7 EO and mixtures of these, such as mixtures of C _12-14 -alcohol with 3 EO and C _12-18 -alcohol with 5 EO. The stated degrees of ethoxylation represent statistical averages, which may correspond to a particular product of an integer or a fractional number. Preferred alcohol ethoxylates have a narrow homolog distribution (narrow range ethoxylates, NRE). Alternatively or in addition to these nonionic surfactants, it is also possible to use fatty alcohols with more than 12 EO. Examples include tallow fatty alcohol with 14 EO, 25 EO, 30 EO or 40 EO.

In addition, as further nonionic surfactants and alkyl glycosides of the general formula RO (G) _{x be} used, in which R is a primary straight-chain or methyl-branched, in particular in the 2-position methyl-branched aliphatic radical having 8 to 22, preferably 12 to 18 carbon atoms and G is the symbol that is a glykoseeinheit with 5 or 6 carbon atoms, preferably glucose. The degree of oligomerization x, which indicates the distribution of monoglycosides and oligoglycosides, is any number between 1 and 10; preferably x is 1.2 to 1.4.

A another class of preferred nonionic surfactants, the either as the sole nonionic surfactant or in combination with other nonionic surfactants are alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or ethoxylated and propoxylated fatty acid alkyl esters, preferably having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain.

Also nonionic surfactants of the amine oxide type, for example N-cocoalkyl-N, N-dimethylamine oxide and N-tallow alkyl-N, N-dihydroxyethylamine oxide, and the fatty acid alkanolamide can be suitable. The amount of these nonionic surfactants is preferably not more than that of the ethoxylated fatty alcohols, in particular not more than half from that.

in der R für einen aliphatischen Acylrest mit 6 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen, R¹ für Wasserstoff, einen Alkyl- oder Hydroxyalkylrest mit 1 bis 4 Kohlenstoffatomen und [Z] für einen linearen oder verzweigten Polyhydroxyalkylrest mit 3 bis 10 Kohlenstoffatomen und 3 bis 10 Hydroxylgruppen steht. Bei den Polyhydroxyfettsäureamiden handelt es sich um bekannte Stoffe, die üblicherweise durch reduktive Aminierung eines reduzierenden Zuckers mit Ammoniak, einem Alkylamin oder einem Alkanolamin und nachfolgender Acylierung mit einer Fettsäure, einem Fettsäurealkylester oder einem Fettsäurechlorid erhalten werden können.Further suitable surfactants are polyhydroxy fatty acid amides of the formula

wherein R is an aliphatic acyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R ^{1 is} hydrogen, an alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and [Z] is a linear or branched polyhydroxyalkyl radical having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and 3 to 10 hydroxyl groups. The polyhydroxy fatty acid amides are known substances which can usually be obtained by reductive amination of a reducing sugar with ammonia, an alkylamine or an alkanolamine and subsequent acylation with a fatty acid, a fatty acid alkyl ester or a fatty acid chloride.

in der R für einen linearen oder verzweigten Alkyl- oder Alkenylrest mit 7 bis 12 Kohlenstoffatomen, R¹ für einen linearen, verzweigten oder zyklischen Alkylrest oder einen Arylrest mit 2 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatomen und R² für einen linearen, verzweigten oder zyklischen Alkylrest oder einen Arylrest oder einen Oxy-Alkylrest mit 1 bis 8 Kohlenstoffatomen steht, wobei C_1-4-Alkyl- oder Phenylreste bevorzugt sind und [Z] für einen linearen Polyhydroxyalkylrest steht, dessen Alkylkette mit mindestens zwei Hydroxylgruppen substituiert ist, oder alkoxylierte, vorzugsweise ethoxylierte oder propxylierte Derivate dieses Restes.The group of polyhydroxy fatty acid amides also includes compounds of the formula

R is a linear or branched alkyl or alkenyl radical having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, R ^{1 is} a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical having 2 to 8 carbon atoms and R ^{2 is} a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl radical or an aryl radical or an oxyalkyl radical having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, with C _1-4 alkyl or phenyl radicals being preferred and [Z] being a linear polyhydroxyalkyl radical whose alkyl chain is substituted by at least two hydroxyl groups, or alkoxylated, preferably ethoxylated or propoxylated Derivatives of this residue.

[Z] is preferably by reductive amination of a reduced sugar obtained, for example, glucose, fructose, maltose, lactose, galactose, Mannose or xylose. The N-alkoxy or N-aryloxy-substituted compounds can by reaction with fatty acid methyl esters in the presence of an alkoxide as a catalyst in the desired Polyhydroxyfatty acid amides are transferred.

With Particular preference continues to be combinations of one or several tallow fatty alcohols with 20 to 30 EO and silicone defoamers used.

nonionic surfactants from the group of alkoxylated alcohols, particularly preferably from the group of mixed alkoxylated alcohols and in particular from the group of EO / AO / EO nonionic surfactants, or the PO / AO / PO nonionic surfactants, especially the PO / EO / PO nonionic surfactants are particularly preferred. Such PO / EO / PO nonionic surfactants are characterized by good foam control.

As anionic surfactants, for example, those of the sulfonate type and sulfates are used. The surfactants of the sulfonate type are preferably C _9-13 -alkylbenzenesulfonates, olefinsulfonates, ie mixtures of alkene and hydroxyalkanesulfonates and disulfonates, as are obtained, for example, from C _12-18 -monoolefins having terminal or internal double bonds by sulfonation with gaseous sulfur trioxide and subsequent alkaline or acid hydrolysis of the sulfonation products into consideration. Also suitable are alkanesulfonates which are obtained from C _12-18 alkanes, for example by sulfochlorination or sulfoxidation with subsequent hydrolysis or neutralization. Likewise, the esters of α-sulfo fatty acids (ester sulfonates), for example, the α-sulfonated methyl esters of hydrogenated coconut, palm kernel or tallow fatty acids suitable.

Further Suitable anionic surfactants are sulfated fatty acid glycerol esters. Among fatty acid glycerol esters are to understand the mono-, di- and triesters and their mixtures, such as they are produced by esterification of a monoglycerol with 1 to 3 moles of fatty acid or in the transesterification of triglycerides with 0.3 to 2 moles of glycerol to be obtained. Preferred sulfated fatty acid glycerol esters are included the sulphonated products of saturated fatty acids with 6 to 22 carbon atoms, for example the caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, myristic acid, lauric acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid or Behenic acid.

Alk (en) ylsulfates are the alkali metal salts and in particular the sodium salts of the sulfuric monoesters of C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ fatty alcohols, for example coconut fatty alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol or the C ₁₀ -C ₂₀ oxo alcohols and those half-esters of secondary alcohols of these chain lengths are preferred. Also preferred are alk (en) ylsulfates of said chain length, which contain a synthetic, produced on a petrochemical basis straight-chain alkyl radical, which have an analogous degradation behavior as the adequate compounds based on oleochemical raw materials. From the washing, the C ₁₂ -C ₁₅ are preferred alkyl sulfates and C ₁₂ -C ₁₅ alkyl sulfates and C ₁₄ -C ₁₅ alkyl sulfates. Also 2,3-alkyl sulfates, which can be obtained as commercial products of Shell Oil Company under the name DAN ^® , are suitable anionic surfactants.

The sulfuric acid monoesters of straight-chain or branched C _7-21 -alcohols ethoxylated with from 1 to 6 mol of ethylene oxide, such as 2-methyl-branched C _9-11- alcohols having on average 3.5 mol of ethylene oxide (EO) or C _12-18 . Fatty alcohols with 1 to 4 EO are suitable.

Further suitable anionic surfactants are also the salts of alkylsulfosuccinic acid, which are also referred to as sulfosuccinates or as sulfosuccinic acid esters and which are monoesters and / or diesters of sulfosuccinic acid with alcohols, preferably fatty alcohols and in particular ethoxylated fatty alcohols. Preferred sulfosuccinates contain C _8-18 fatty alcohol residues or mixtures of these. Particularly preferred sulfosuccinates contain a fatty alcohol residue derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols, which by themselves are nonionic surfactants. Sulfosuccinates, whose fatty alcohol residues are derived from ethoxylated fatty alcohols with a narrow homolog distribution, are again particularly preferred. Likewise, it is also possible to use alk (en) ylsuccinic acid having preferably 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alk (en) yl chain or salts thereof.

When other anionic surfactants are especially soaps into consideration. Suitable are saturated fatty acid soaps, like the salts of lauric acid, myristic, palmitic acid, stearic acid, hydrogenated erucic acid and behenic acid and in particular of natural fatty acids, e.g. Coconut, palm kernel or tallow derived soap mixtures.

The including anionic surfactants the soaps can in the form of their sodium, potassium or ammonium salts and as soluble salts organic bases, such as mono-, di- or triethanolamine. The anionic surfactants are preferably in the form of their sodium or potassium salts, especially in the form of the sodium salts.

At Place of said surfactants or in conjunction with them may also cationic and / or amphoteric surfactants are used.

worin jede Gruppe R¹ unabhängig voneinander ausgewählt ist aus C_1-6-Alkyl-, -Alkenyl- oder -Hydroxyalkylgruppen; jede Gruppe R² unabhängig voneinander ausgewählt ist aus C_8-28-Alkyl- oder -Alkenylgruppen; R³ = R¹ oder (CH₂)_n-T-R²; R⁴ = R¹ oder R² oder (CH₂)_n-T-R²; T = -CH₂-, -O-CO- oder -CO-C- und n eine ganze Zahl von 0 bis 5 ist.As cationic active substances, for example, cationic compounds of the following formulas can be used:

wherein each R ^{1 group is} independently selected from C _1-6 alkyl, alkenyl or hydroxyalkyl groups; each R ^{2 group is} independently selected from C _8-28 alkyl or alkenyl groups; R ³ = R ¹ or (CH ₂ ) _n -TR ² ; R ⁴ = R ¹ or R ² or (CH ₂ ) _n -TR ² ; T = -CH ₂ -, -O-CO- or -CO-C- and n is an integer from 0 to 5.

to Care of the textiles and to improve the textile properties like a softer "grip" (avivage) and reduced electrostatic charge (elevated Wearing comfort) fabric softening compounds are used. The active ingredients these formulations are quaternary Ammonium compounds having two hydrophobic radicals, such as the Disteraryldimethylammoniumchlorid, which, however, because of his inadequate biodegradability increasingly replaced by quaternary ammonium compounds is in their hydrophobic residues ester groups as predetermined breaking points for the contain biodegradation.

Such "ester quats" with improved biodegradability are available, for example, that mixtures of methyldiethanolamine and / or triethanolamine with fatty acids esterified and the reaction products then in a conventional manner quaternized with alkylating agents. Suitable as a finish is dimethylolethyleneurea.

to Group of polymers count in particular the washing or cleaning-active polymers and / or as softeners effective polymers. Generally in detergents or cleansers in addition to nonionic polymers also cationic, anionic and Amphoteric polymers can be used.

"Cationic Polymers "im The meaning of the present invention are polymers which are a positive Charge in the polymer molecule wear. This can be present, for example, in the polymer chain (Alkyl) ammonium moieties or other positively charged groups will be realized. Particularly preferred cationic polymers are derived from the groups of the quaternized cellulose derivatives, the polysiloxanes with quaternary Groups, the cationic guar derivatives, the polymeric dimethyldiallylammonium salts and their copolymers with esters and amides of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, the copolymers of vinylpyrrolidone with quaternized derivatives the dialkylamino acrylate and methacrylate, the vinylpyrrolidone-methoimidazolinium chloride copolymers, the quaternized polyvinyl alcohols or the INCI names Polyquaternium 2, Polyquaternium 17, Polyquaternium 18 and Polyquaternium 27 indicated polymers.

"Amphoteric Polymers "in the sense of the present invention have besides a positively charged group in the polymer chain also negatively charged groups or On monomer units. These groups may be, for example to carboxylic acids, sulfonic acids or phosphonic acids act.

The bleaching agents are a particularly preferred washing or cleaning substance. Among the compounds serving as bleaches in water H ₂ O ₂ , sodium percarbonate, sodium perborate tetrahydrate and sodium perborate monohydrate are of particular importance. Other useful bleaching agents are, for example, peroxypyrophosphates, citrate perhydrates and H ₂ O ₂ -producing peracidic salts or peracids, such as perbenzoates, peroxophthalates, diperazelaic acid, phthaloimino peracid or diperdodecanedioic acid.

Farther can Also bleach from the group of organic bleach used become. Typical organic bleaches are the diacyl peroxides, such as. Dibenzoyl. Other typical organic bleaches are the peroxyacids, Examples being the alkyl peroxyacids and the aryl peroxyacids become.

When Bleach can Chlorine or bromine releasing substances are used. Among the suitable chlorine or bromine releasing materials come for example, heterocyclic N-bromo- and N-chloroamides, for example trichloroisocyanuric acid, tribromoisocyanuric acid, dibromoisocyanuric acid and / or dichloroisocyanuric (DICH) and / or their salts with cations such as potassium and sodium into consideration. Hydantoin compounds, such as 1,3-dichloro-5,5-dimethylhydanthoin are also suitable.

Bleach activators are used in detergents or cleaning agents, for example, to improve cleaning at temperatures of 60 ° C and below To achieve bleaching effect. As bleach activators, compounds, which under perhydrolysis aliphatic peroxycarboxylic acids with preferably 1 to 10 C atoms, in particular 2 to 4 C atoms, and / or where appropriate, give substituted perbenzoic acid. Suitable substances are the O and / or N-acyl groups of said carbon atom number and / or optionally substituted Wear benzoyl groups. Preference is given to polyacylated alkylenediamines, in particular tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED), acylated triazine derivatives, in particular 1,5-diacetyl-2,4-dioxohexahydro-1,3,5-triazine (DADHT), acylated glycolurils, in particular tetraacetylglycoluril (TAGU), N-acylimides, especially N-nonanoylsuccinimide (NOSI), acylated Phenolsulfonates, especially n-nonanoyl or isononanoyloxybenzenesulfonate (n- or iso-NOBS), carboxylic acid anhydrides, in particular phthalic anhydride, acylated polyhydric alcohols, especially triacetin, ethylene glycol diacetate and 2,5-diacetoxy-2,5-dihydrofuran, n-methyl-morpholinium-acetonitrile-methyl sulfate (MMA) and acetylated sorbitol and mannitol or their mixtures (SORMAN), acylated Sugar derivatives, in particular pentaacetylglucose (PAG), pentaacetylfructose, Tetraacetylxylose and Octaacetyllactose and acetylated, optionally N-alkylated glucamine and gluconolactone, and / or N-acylated lactams, for example, N-benzoyl-caprolactam. Hydrophilic substituted acyl acetals and acyl lactams are also preferably used. Also combinations Conventional bleach activators can be used.

in der R¹ für -H, -CH₃, einen C_2-24-Alkyl- oder -Alkenylrest, einen substituierten C_2-24-Alkyl- oder -Alkenylrest mit mindestens einem Substituenten aus der Gruppe -Cl, -Br, -OH, -NH₂, -CN, einen Alkyl- oder Alkenylarylrest mit einer C_1-24-Alkylgruppe, oder für einen substituierten Alkyl- oder Alkenylarylrest mit einer C_1-24-Alkylgruppe und mindestens einem weiteren Substituenten am aromatischen Ring steht, R² und R³ unabhängig voneinander ausgewählt sind aus -CH₂-CN, -CH₃, -CH₂-CH₃, -CH₂-CH₂-CH₃, -CH(CH₃)-CH₃, -CH₂-OH, -CH₂-CH₂-OH, -CH(OH)-CH₃, -CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-OH, -CH₂-CH(OH)-CH₃, -CH(OH)-CH₂-CH₃, -(CH₂CH₂-O)_nH mit n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 oder 6 und X ein Anion, vorzugsweise aus der Gruppe Chlorid, Bromid, Iodid, Hydrogensulfat, Methosulfat, p-Toluolsulfonat (Tosylat) oder Xylolsulfonat ist.Further bleach activators preferably used in the context of the present application are compounds from the group of cationic nitriles, in particular cationic nitriles of the formula

in the R ^{1 is} -H, -CH ₃ , a C _2-24 alkyl or alkenyl radical, a substituted C _2-24 alkyl or alkenyl radical having at least one substituent from the group -Cl, -Br, - OH, -NH ₂ , -CN, an alkyl or alkenylaryl radical having a C _1-24 -alkyl group, or represents a substituted alkyl or alkenylaryl radical having a C _1-24 -alkyl group and at least one further substituent on the aromatic ring, R ² and R ^{3 are} independently selected from -CH ₂ -CN, -CH ₃ , -CH ₂ -CH ₃ , -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -CH ₃ , -CH (CH ₃ ) -CH ₃ , -CH ₂ - OH, -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -OH, -CH (OH) -CH ₃ , -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -OH, -CH ₂ -CH (OH) -CH ₃ , -CH (OH) - CH ₂ -CH ₃ , - (CH ₂ CH ₂ -O) _n H where n = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 and X is an anion, preferably from the group chloride, bromide, iodide, hydrogen sulfate, methosulfate, p-toluenesulfonate (tosylate) or xylene sulfonate.

Particularly preferred are compounds of the formulas (CH ₃ ) ₃ N ⁽⁺⁾ CH ₂ -CN X ^- , (CH ₃ CH ₂ ) ₃ N ⁽⁺⁾ CH ₂ -CN X ^- , (CH ₃ CH ₂ CH ₂ ) ₃ N ⁽⁺⁾ CH ₂ -CN X ^- , (CH ₃ CH (CH ₃ )) ₃ N ⁽⁺⁾ CH ₂ -CN X ^- , or (HO-CH ₂ -CH ₂ ) ₃ N ⁽⁺⁾ CH ₂ -CN X ^- , wherein from the group of these substances turn the cationic nitrile of the formula (CH ₃ ) ₃ N ⁽⁺⁾ CH ₂ -CN X ^- , in which X ^{- represents} an anion selected from the group chloride, bromide, iodide, Hydrogen sulfate, methosulfate, p-toluenesulfonate (tosylate) or xylene sulfonate is particularly preferred.

In addition to The conventional bleach activators or in their place may also so-called bleach catalysts are used. For these substances These are bleach-enhancing transition metal salts or transition metal complexes such as Mn, Fe, Co, Ru or Mo-salene complexes or carbonyl complexes. Also Mn, Fe, Co, Ru, Mo, Ti, V and Cu complexes with N-containing Tripod ligands and Co, Fe, Cu and Ru ammine complexes are known as Bleach catalysts usable.

Bleach-enhancing transition metal complexes, in particular with the central atoms Mn, Fe, Co, Cu, Mo, V, Ti and / or Ru, preferably selected from the group of manganese and / or cobalt salts and / or complexes, more preferably the cobalt (ammin) complexes, the cobalt (acetate) complexes, the cobalt (carbonyl ) Complexes, the chlorides of cobalt or manganese, manganese sulfate are preferably used.

It is particularly preferred to use complexes of manganese in the oxidation state II, III, IV or IV, which preferably contain one or more macrocyclic ligands with the donor functions N, NR, PR, O and / or S. Preferably, ligands are used which have nitrogen donor functions. It is particularly preferred to use bleach catalyst (s) in the compositions of the invention, which as macromolecular ligands 1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononan (Me-TACN), 1,4,7-triazacyclononane (TACN ), 1,5,9-trimethyl-1,5,9-triazacyclododecane (Me-TACD), 2-methyl-1,4,7-trimethyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane (Me / Me-TACN) and or 2-methyl-1,4,7-triazacyclononane (Me / TACN). Suitable manganese complexes are, for example, [Mn ^III ₂ (μ-O) ₁ (μ-OAc) ₂ (TACN) ₂ ] (ClO ₄ ) ₂ , [Mn ^III Mn ^IV (μ-O) ₂ (μ-OAc) ₁ (TACN ) ₂ ] (BPh ₄ ) ₂ , [Mn ^IV ₄ (μ-O) ₆ (TACN) ₄ ] (ClO ₄ ) ₄ , [Mn ^III ₂ (μ-O) ₁ (μ-OAc) ₂ (Me-TACN ) ₂ ] (ClO ₄ ) ₂ , [Mn ^III Mn ^IV (μ-O) ₁ (μ-OAc) ₂ (Me-TACN) ₂ ] (ClO ₄ ) ₃ , [Mn ^IV ₂ (μ-O) ₃ ( Me-TACN) ₂ ] (PF ₆ ) ₂ and [Mn ^IV ₂ (μ-O) ₃ (Me / Me-TACN) ₂ ] (PF ₆ ) ₂ (OAc = OC (O) CH ₃ ).

To increase the washing or cleaning performance of detergents or cleaners enzymes can be used. These include in particular proteases, amylases, lipases, hemicellulases, cellulases or oxidoreductases, and preferably mixtures thereof. These enzymes are basically of natural origin; Starting from the natural molecules, improved variants are available for use in detergents and cleaners, which are preferably used accordingly. Detergents or cleaning agents contain enzymes preferably in total amounts of 1 × 10 ^-6 to 5 wt .-% based on active protein. The protein concentration can be determined by known methods, for example the BCA method or the biuret method.

Under Proteases are preferred to those of the subtilisin type. Examples therefor are the subtilisins BPN 'and Carlsberg and its advanced forms, the protease PB92, subtilisins 147 and 309, the Bacillus alkaline protease lentus, subtilisin DY and the subtilases, but not anymore the enzymes subtilisins in the strict sense, thermitase, Proteinase K and the proteases TW3 and TW7.

Examples for inventively usable Amylases are the α-amylases from Bacillus licheniformis, from B. amyloliquefaciens, from B. stearothermophilus, from Aspergillus niger and A. oryzae as well as those for use in washing and Detergents improved developments of the aforementioned Amylases. Furthermore are for this purpose the α-amylase from Bacillus sp. A 7-7 (DSM 12368) and cyclodextrin glucanotransferase (CGTase) from B. agaradherens (DSM 9948).

Usable according to the invention are still lipases or cutinases, especially because of their Triglyceride-splitting activities, but also to in situ peracids from suitable precursors produce. These include for example, the original one from Humicola lanuginosa (Thermomyces lanuginosus) available, respectively further developed lipases, in particular those with the amino acid exchange D96L. Furthermore, for example, the cutinases can be used, the original from Fusarium solani pisi and Humicola insolens. It is also possible to use lipases, or cutinases, whose starting enzymes originally from Pseudomonas mendocina and Fusarium solanii have been isolated.

Farther can Enzymes are used, which are summarized by the term hemicellulases. These include for example mannanases, xanthan lyases, pectin lyases (= pectinases), Pectinesterases, pectate lyases, xyloglucanases (= xylanases), pullulanases and β-glucanases.

Especially Preference is given to using perhydrolases in the compositions according to the invention.

to increase the bleaching effect oxidoreductases according to the invention, for example, oxidases, oxygenases, catalases, peroxidases, such as Halo, chloro, bromo, lignin, glucose or manganese peroxidases, Dioxygenases or laccases (phenol oxidases, polyphenol oxidases) be used. Advantageously, organic, particularly preferably aromatic, interacting with the enzymes Compounds added to the activity of the respective oxidoreductases to reinforce (Enhancer) or at very different redox potentials between the oxidizing enzymes and the soiling the electron flow to ensure (Mediators).

The enzymes can be used in any form known in the art. For this For example, include the obtained by granulation, extrusion or lyophilization solid preparations or, especially in liquid or gel formulated solutions of the enzymes, advantageously as concentrated as possible, low in water and / or added with stabilizers.

alternative can the enzymes for both the solid as well for the liquid Dosage form can be encapsulated, for example by spray drying or extrusion of the enzyme solution together with a preferably natural polymer or in the form of capsules, for example those in which the enzymes are as in enclosed in a solidified gel or in those of the core-shell type, in which a enzyme-containing core coated with a water, air and / or chemical impermeable protective layer is. In superimposed layers additional active ingredients, For example, stabilizers, emulsifiers, pigments, bleach or Dyes are applied. Such capsules are after known methods, for example by shaking or Roll granulation or applied in fluid-bed processes. Advantageously Such granules, for example by applying polymeric film-forming agents, low in dust and storage-stable due to the coating.

Farther Is it possible, to assemble two or more enzymes together, making one individual granules has several enzyme activities.

One Protein and / or enzyme may be particularly harmful during storage against damage such as inactivation, denaturation or decay, for example through physical influences, Oxidation or proteolytic cleavage are protected. In microbial Obtaining the proteins and / or enzymes is inhibiting the Proteolysis particularly preferred, especially if the means Contain proteases. Detergents or cleaners can contain stabilizers for this purpose; the provision of such funds represents a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Prefers are one or more enzymes and / or enzyme preparations, preferably solid protease preparations and / or amylase preparations, in Amounts of 0.1 to 5 wt .-%, preferably from 0.2 to 4.5 wt .-% and in particular from 0.4 to 4 wt .-%, each based on the total enzyme-containing agents used.

Around the disintegration of prefabricated moldings to facilitate, it is possible Disintegration aids, so-called tablet disintegrants, in to incorporate these agents to reduce disintegration times. Under Tablet disintegrants or disintegrators are adjuvants understood that for the ra decomposition of tablets in water or other media and for the swift one Release of the active ingredients.

These Substances that are also referred to as "explosives" due to their effect increase when water enters their volume, on the one hand increasing the intrinsic volume (swelling), on the other hand also about the Release of gases can create a pressure on the tablet can disintegrate into smaller particles. Well-known Disintegration aids are, for example, carbonate / citric acid systems, wherein also other organic acids can be used. Swelling disintegration aids are for example synthetic Polymers such as polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) or natural polymers or modified Natural substances such as cellulose and starch and their derivatives, alginates or casein derivatives.

Preferred disintegrating agents are cellulosic disintegrating agents. Pure cellulose has the formal gross composition (C ₆ H ₁₀ O ₅ ) _n and is formally a β-1,4-polyacetal of cellobiose, which in turn is composed of two molecules of glucose. Suitable celluloses consist of about 500 to 5000 glucose units and therefore have average molecular weights of 50,000 to 500,000. Cellulose-based disintegrating agents which can be used in the context of the present invention are also cellulose derivatives obtainable by polymer-analogous reactions of cellulose. Such chemically modified celluloses include, for example, products of esterifications or etherifications in which hydroxy hydrogen atoms have been substituted. Celluloses in which the hydroxy groups have been replaced by functional groups which are not bonded via an oxygen atom can also be used as cellulose derivatives. The group of cellulose derivatives includes, for example, alkali metal celluloses, carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), cellulose esters and ethers, and aminocelluloses. The cellulose derivatives mentioned are preferably not used alone as disintegrating agents based on cellulose, but used in admixture with cellulose. The content of these mixtures of cellulose derivatives is preferably below 50% by weight, particularly preferably below 20% by weight, based on the cellulose-based disintegrating agent. It is particularly preferred to use cellulose-based disintegrating agent which is free of cellulose derivatives.

The Cellulose used as disintegration aid is preferably not used in finely divided form, but before mixing transferred to the premixes to be compressed in a coarser form, for example, granulated or compacted. The particle sizes of such Disintegrating agents are usually above 200 microns, preferably at least 90 wt .-% between 300 and 1600 microns and in particular at least 90 wt .-% between 400 and 1200 microns.

When another disintegrating agent based on cellulose or as an ingredient This component can be used microcrystalline cellulose. This microcrystalline cellulose is obtained by partial hydrolysis of Celluloses obtained under such conditions, only the amorphous ones Areas (about 30% of the total cellulose mass) of the celluloses attack and completely dissolve, the crystalline areas (about 70%) but leave undamaged. A subsequent disaggregation of the resulting from the hydrolysis microfine celluloses provide the microcrystalline celluloses, the primary particle sizes of approx. 5 μm and compactable, for example, to granules having an average particle size of 200 microns are.

According to the invention preferred can about that in addition, gas-evolving effervescent systems as tablet disintegration aids be used. The gas-developing effervescent system can from a consist of a single substance which releases a gas on contact with water. Among these compounds is in particular the magnesium peroxide to call, which releases oxygen on contact with water. Usually However, the gas-releasing effervescent system in turn from at least two components that are together under gas formation react. While here a variety of systems is thinkable and executable, for example Nitrogen, oxygen or hydrogen will release the both in the detergents and cleaners used effervescent system on the basis of economic as well as ecological Select points of view to let. Preferred effervescent systems consist of alkali metal carbonate and / or bicarbonate and an acidifier, the is suitable to release carbon dioxide from the alkali metal salts in aqueous solution.

When Acidifying agents consisting of the alkali salts in aqueous solution Carbon dioxide release, for example, boric acid as well Alkali metal hydrogen sulfates, alkali metal dihydrogen phosphates and other inorganic salts can be used. However, preference is given used organic Acidifizierungsmittel, wherein the citric acid a particularly preferred acidifying agent. Preferred are Acidifier in effervescent system from the group of organic Di-, tri- and oligocarboxylic acids or mixtures.

When Perfume oils or Fragrances can in the context of the present invention, individual fragrance compounds, e.g. the synthetic products of the ester, ether, aldehyde, Ketones, alcohols and hydrocarbons are used. Prefers However, mixtures of different fragrances are used, the together create an appealing scent. Such perfume oils can also natural Contain fragrance mixtures, as they are accessible from plant sources, e.g. Pine, citrus, jasmine, patchouly, rose or ylang-ylang oil.

Around to be perceptible, a fragrance must be volatile, being next to the Nature of the functional groups and the structure of the chemical Compound also plays a role in the molecular weight. So own most fragrances have molecular weights up to about 200 daltons, while molar masses from 300 daltons and above constitute an exception. Due to the different volatility changed by fragrances the smell of a compound of several fragrances perfumes or perfume during Evaporation, whereby the odor impressions in "top note", "middle note" (middle note or body) and "base note" (end note or dry divided out). Because the smell perception to a large extent too on the smell intensity is based, the top note of a perfume or fragrance is not alone from volatile Connections while the base note for the most part from less volatile, i.e. adherent fragrances. When composing perfumes can be easier volatile For example, fragrances can be bound to specific fixatives. which prevents it from evaporating too quickly. At the following Classification of the fragrances in "lighter volatile or "adherent" fragrances So over the smell impression and about it, whether the corresponding perfume perceived as a head or middle note nothing is said.

The Fragrances can can be processed directly, but it can also be beneficial to the Fragrances on carrier The slow release of fragrance for long-lasting Provide scent. As such carrier materials For example, cyclodextrins have proven useful, with the cyclodextrin-perfume complexes additionally still can be coated with other excipients.

When choosing the colorant, it must be taken into account that the colorants have a high storage stability and insensitivity to light and not too strong affinity to textile surfaces and in particular to synthetic fibers. At the same time, it should also be taken into account when choosing suitable colorants that colorants have different stabilities to the oxidation. In general, water-insoluble colorants are more stable to oxidation than water-soluble colorants. Depending on the solubility and thus also on the sensitivity to oxidation, the concentration of the colorant in the detergents or cleaners varies. In the case of readily water-soluble colorants, colorant concentrations in the range of a few 10 ^-2 to 10 ^-3 % by weight are typically selected. Pigment dyes are particularly preferred.

It become colorants preferably, which can be oxidatively destroyed in the washing process and mixtures thereof with suitable blue dyes, so-called blue toners. It has proven to be beneficial proved, colorants to be used in water or at room temperature in liquid organic Substances are soluble. Suitable are, for example, anionic colorants, e.g. anionic Nitroso.

In addition to so far in detail described components can the washing or cleaning agents contain other ingredients, which the application and / or aesthetic properties of this Improve funds further. Preferred agents include one or several substances from the group of electrolytes, pH adjusters, fluorescers, Hydrotopes, foam inhibitors, silicone oils, anti redeposition agents, optical brighteners, grayness inhibitors, anti-shrinkage agents, Anti-crease agents, color transfer inhibitors, antimicrobial agents, germicides, fungicides, antioxidants, Antistatic agents, ironing aids, Phobic and impregnating agents, Swelling and anti-slip agents as well as UV absorbers.

As electrolytes from the group of inorganic salts, a wide number of different salts can be used. Preferred cations are the alkali and alkaline earth metals, preferred anions are the halides and sulfates. From a manufacturing point of view, the use of NaCl or MgCl ₂ in the washing or cleaning agents is preferred.

Around the pH of detergents or cleaners in the desired The use of pH-adjusting agents may be indicated be. Can be used here all known acids or alkalis, provided that their use is not from application technology or ecological establish or for reasons consumer protection.

Suitable foam inhibitors are, inter alia, soaps, oils, fats, paraffins or silicone oils, which may optionally be applied to support materials. Suitable carrier materials are, for example, inorganic salts such as carbonates or sulfates, cellulose derivatives or silicates and mixtures of the abovementioned materials. In the context of the present application preferred agents include paraffins, preferably unbranched paraffins (n-paraffins) and / or silicones, preferably linear-polymeric silicones, which are constructed according to the scheme (R ₂ SiO) _x and are also referred to as silicone oils. These silicone oils are usually clear, colorless, neutral, odorless, hydrophobic liquids having a molecular weight between 1000 and 150,000 and viscosities between 10 and 1,000,000 mPa · s.

suitable Anti redeposition agent, also referred to as soil repellents are, for example, nonionic cellulose ethers such as methyl cellulose and methylhydroxypropylcellulose with a proportion of methoxy groups from 15 to 30% by weight and of hydroxypropyl groups from 1 to 15% by weight, in each case based on the nonionic cellulose ether and the known from the prior art polymers of phthalic acid and / or terephthalic acid or of their derivatives, in particular polymers of ethylene terephthalates and / or Polyethylene glycol terephthalates or anionic and / or nonionic modified derivatives of these. Especially preferred of these are the sulfonated derivatives of phthalic and terephthalic acid polymers.

optical Brighteners (so-called "whiteners") can also in the carrier material be included to treat graying and yellowing of the treated To eliminate textiles. These substances attract to the fiber and cause a whitening and fake bleaching effect by they invisible ultraviolet radiation into visible longer wavelength Convert light, with the ultraviolet sorbed from sunlight Light as slightly bluish Fluorescence is emitted and with the yellow of the bated or yellowed laundry pure White results. Suitable compounds have already been used in the coating called optical brighteners called.

Grayness inhibitors have the task to keep suspended from the fiber debris suspended in the fleet and so prevent the re-raising of the dirt. For this purpose, water-soluble col loide mostly organic nature, for example, the water-soluble salts of polymeric carboxylic acids, glue, gelatin, salts of ether sulfonic acids or cellulose or salts of acidic sulfuric acid esters of cellulose or starch. Also, water-soluble polyamides containing acidic groups are suitable for this purpose. It is also possible to use soluble starch preparations and starch products other than those mentioned above, for example degraded starch, aldehyde starches, etc. Polyvinylpyrrolidone is also useful. Also usable as graying inhibitors are cellulose ethers such as carboxymethylcellulose (Na salt), methylcellulose, hydroxyalkylcellulose and mixed ethers such as methylhydroxyethylcellulose, methylhydroxypropylcellulose, methylcarboxymethylcellulose and mixtures thereof.

There textile fabrics, in particular of rayon, rayon, cotton and mixtures thereof, for Can tend to wrinkles, because the individual fibers against bending, bending, pressing and squeezing are sensitive to the grain direction, synthetic crease inhibitors be used. These include, for example synthetic products based on fatty acids, fatty acid esters, fatty acid amides, Alkylolestern, -alkylolamiden or fatty alcohols, usually with Ethylene oxide reacted or products based on lecithin or modified phosphoric acid ester.

phobicizing and impregnation method serve the equipment of textiles containing substances which are the deposit of dirt prevent or make it easier to wash out. Preferred phobic and impregnating agents are perfluorinated fatty acids, also in the form of their aluminum u. Zirconium salts, organic silicates, silicones, polyacrylate with perfluorinated alcohol component or with perfluorinated acyl or sulfonyl radical-coupled, polymerizable compounds. Also Antistatics can be included. The dirt-repellent finish with phobic and impregnating agents Often classified as an easy-care item. The intrusion the impregnating agent in the form of solutions or emulsions of the active substances in question can be made by adding Wetting agents are facilitated by the surface tension decrease. Another field of application of repellents and impregnating agents is the water repellent equipment of textiles, tents, tarpaulins, leather, etc., in contrast for waterproofing the tissue pores are not closed, the fabric thus remains breathable (hydrophobing). The water repellent coat the water repellents used Textiles, leather, paper, wood, etc. with a very thin layer hydrophobic groups, such as longer Alkyl chains or siloxane groups. Suitable water repellents are e.g. Paraffins, waxes, metal soaps etc. with additives Aluminum or zirconium salts, quaternary ammonium compounds with long-chain alkyl radicals, urea derivatives, fatty acid-modified Melamine resins, chromium complex salts, silicones, tin organic compounds and glutaric dialdehyde and perfluorinated compounds. The hydrophobicized Feel materials not greasy; nevertheless, similar to greasy substances, water drops drip at them without moistening. Thus, e.g. Silicone impregnated Textiles have a soft feel and are water and dirt repellent; Stains from ink, wine, fruit juices and the like are easier to remove.

to fight of microorganisms can antimicrobial agents are used. This is different depending on the antimicrobial spectrum and mechanism of action between Bacteriostats and bactericides, fungistats and fungicides etc .. Important substances from these groups are, for example, benzalkonium chlorides, Alkylarlylsulfonates, halophenols and Phenolmercuriacetat, wherein also completely on these compounds can be dispensed with.

Around unwanted, caused by oxygen and other oxidative processes changes on the detergents and / or the treated textiles to prevent the agents contain antioxidants. To this class of connection belong for example, substituted phenols, hydroquinones, catechols and aromatic amines and organic sulfides, polysulfides, dithiocarbamates, Phosphites and phosphonates.

One increased Comfort can come from the extra Use of antistatics will result. Antistatic agents increase the surface conductivity and allow thus an improved drainage formed charges. External antistatic agents are usually substances with at least one hydrophilic molecule ligand and give on the surfaces a more or less hygroscopic film. These mostly surface-active Antistatic agents can be converted into nitrogen-containing (amines, amides, quaternary ammonium compounds), phosphorus-containing (phosphoric acid ester) and sulfur-containing (alkyl sulfonates, alkyl sulfates) antistatic agents. lauryl (or stearyl) dimethylbenzylammonium chlorides are also suitable as antistatics for Textiles or as an additive to detergents, with an additional Avivageeffekt is achieved.

Silicone derivatives can be used to improve water absorbency, rewettability of the treated fabrics and to facilitate ironing of the treated fabrics. These additionally improve the rinsing out of detergents or cleaning agents by their foam-inhibiting properties. Preferred silicone derivatives are, for example, polydialkyl or alkylaryl siloxanes in which the alkyl groups have one to five carbon atoms and are completely or partially fluorinated. Preferred silicones are polydimethylsiloxanes, which may optionally be derivatized and are then amino-functional or quaternized or have Si-OH, Si-H and / or Si-Cl bonds. Further preferred silicones are the polyalkylene oxide-modified polysiloxanes, ie polysiloxanes which comprise, for example, polyethylene glycols and the polyalkylene oxide-modified dimethylpolysiloxanes.

Finally, according to the invention, UV absorbers which are applied to the treated textiles and the light resistance improve the fibers. Compounds that have these desired properties are, for example, by radiationless deactivation effective compounds and derivatives of benzophenone with substituents in 2- and / or 4-position. Furthermore, substituted benzotriazoles, in the 3-position phenyl-substituted Acrylates (cinnamic acid derivatives), optionally with cyano groups in the 2-position, salicylates, organic Ni complexes as well Natural substances such as umbelliferone and the body's own urocanic acid are suitable.

protein are due to their fiber care effect more in the context of present invention preferred active substances from the field of detergents and cleaners. Protein hydrolysates are product mixtures, by acid, base or enzymatically catalyzed degradation of Proteins (proteins) to be obtained. According to the invention, protein hydrolysates be used both of plant and animal origin. Animal protein hydrolysates are, for example, elastin, collagen, Keratin, silk and milk protein protein hydrolysates, too may be in the form of salts. According to the invention preferred is the use of protein hydrolysates of plant origin, e.g. Soy, almonds, rice, pea, potato and wheat protein hydrolysates. Although the use of protein hydrolysates is preferred as such is, can in their place, if appropriate, otherwise obtained amino acid mixtures or individual amino acids such as arginine, lysine, histidine or pyrroglutamic acid used become. Also possible is the use of derivatives of protein hydrolysates, for example in the form of their fatty acid condensation products.

Examples

Step a:

• 38,5 Gew.-% Natriumcarbonat
• 21,8 Gew.-% Zeolith A
• 12,7 Gew.-% C_12-18-Alkylbenzolsulfonat
• 9,3 Gew.-% Natriumsulfat
• 2,3 Gew.-% Acrylsäure-Maleinsäure-Copolymer
• 1,1 Gew.-% Stearinseife
• 0,8 Gew.-% Natriumsilikat
• Rest Minderbestandteile und Wasser

Granulation of the solid and liquid components provides a support material of the following composition:

• 38.5% by weight of sodium carbonate
• 21.8% by weight of zeolite A
• 12.7 wt .-% C _12-18 alkylbenzenesulfonate
• 9.3 wt .-% sodium sulfate
• 2.3 wt .-% acrylic acid-maleic acid copolymer
• 1.1% by weight of stearic soap
• 0.8% by weight of sodium silicate
• Rest minor components and water

Step b:

• Brighteners binder preparation:
• 91.3 parts by weight Lutensol AO7
• 5.6 parts by weight of Tinopal DMS-X
• 3.1 parts by weight of Tinopal CBS-X
• 50 wt .-% aqueous Citric acid solution for Adjustment of pH values 7, 8, 9 and 12
• Lutensol AO 7: C _13-15 oxo-alcohol · 7 EO
• Tinopal DMS-X: derivative of bis (triazinylamino) -stilbene disulfonic acid, 67 % By weight, granules
• Tinopal CBS-X: distyrylbiphenyl disulfonate, 90% by weight, granules

The Niotenside is placed in a dosing container and with a saturated Citric acid solution of pH 9.0 to the desired pH value (pH values 7, 8, 9 and 12). The ground to 8 to 10 microns Brighteners are added and the brightener-binder preparation is with an Ultra Turax stirrer homogenized.

Steps c + d:

93.5 Weight% carrier material are presented in a Forberg mixer and moved. On the carrier material 3.9 wt .-% brightener-binder preparation are sprayed on. Finally, it will powdered with 2.6 wt .-% Wessalith 4000 powdered.

• FAZ = Farbabweichungszahl
• T = Zeit zwischen Herstellung und Messung
• r.h. = relative Luftfeuchtigkeit

The resulting granules are measured by means of a Datacolor Spectraflash SF 500 spectrophotometer as described in the description. pH 7 pH 8 pH 9 pH 12 t = 0 Whiteness to Berger 127 129 128 130 Whiteness to whole 171 173 173 175 FAZ -2.4 -2.5 -2.6 -2.3 Y 92 92 92 92 L 97 97 97 97 a 3.95 4.06 4.10 3.99 b -8.08 -8.28 -8.34 -8.50 t = 1 (35 ° C, 80 ° C rh) Week whiteness after Berger 129 129 127 128 Whiteness to whole 171 172 170 169 FAZ -1.9 -1.9 -2.0 -1.9 Y 93 93 92 93 L 97 97 97 97 a 3.67 3.64 3.70 3.61 b -8.02 -8.02 -7.92 -7.78

• FAZ = color deviation number
• T = time between production and measurement
• rh = relative humidity

Claims (19)

Process for producing a granulate, in particular a detergent or cleaning agent granulate or a component thereof, comprising the steps of a) providing a carrier material; b) mixing a brightener system and a binder into a brightener-binder preparation; and c) spraying the brightener-binder preparation onto the support material, wherein the brightener system comprises one or more optical brighteners, characterized in that - the brightener-binder preparation also Water and one or more acid (s) and / or salt (s), preferably contains a buffer system and / or - at least one of the optical brightener, preferably all optical brightener / have a particle diameter d ₅₀ ≤ 10 microns / have. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the brightener-binder preparation at least 1, preferably 1 to 4, more preferably 2 optical brighteners preferably in an amount of from 2 to 20% by weight, more preferably from 3 to 15 Wt .-% and in particular from 4 to 10 wt .-%. A method according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the brightener-binder preparation contains at least 2 optical brighteners and the weight ratio between the brightener, which makes up the largest part by weight of the sum of the optical brightener, to the brightener, which is the least weight fraction the sum of optical brighteners is from 1.0: 1 to 10: 1, preferably from 1.1: 1 to 8: 1 and especially from 1.2: 1 to 6: 1. Method according to one the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the binder is nonionic, anionic, cationic and / or amphoteric surfactants, preferably nonionic and / or anionic surfactants and in particular nonionic Surfactants, preferably from the group of alkoxylated Fettalokohole and fatty acid alkyl esters, Alkylphenol polyglycol ethers, fatty aminoalkoxylates, alkoxylated triglycerides, Mixed ethers, alkyl polyglycosides, amine oxides and polyhydroxy fatty acid amides, in particular alkoxylated nonionic surfactant. Method according to one the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the weight ratio of Binder to optical brightener of 50: 1 to 1: 1, preferably from 25: 1 to 4: 1 and especially from 20: 1 to 7: 1. Method according to one the claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the brightener-binder preparation Contains water and having a pH of 4 to 11, and more preferably 5 to 9. Method according to one the claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the preparation is a maximum of 20 Wt .-%, preferably at most 10 wt .-% and in particular maximum 5 wt .-% water. Method according to one the claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the brightener-binder preparation additionally acids and / or salts, preferably a buffer system, in amounts of from 0.01 to Contains 15 wt .-%, preferably from 0.1 to 3 wt .-%. Method according to claim 8, characterized in that the buffer system one or more buffers from the group citric acid / citrate, Acetic acid / acetate, Boric acid / sodium borate, Phosphoric acid / sodium phosphate, Bicarbonate / soda, ammonia / ammonium chloride, [(carbamoylmethyl) -imino] -diacetic acid, N, N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) -2-aminoethanesulfonic acid, N, N-bis (2-hydroxyethyl) -glycine, 3- (cyclohexylamino) -1-propanesulfonic acid, 2- [4- (2-hydroxyethyl) piperazino] ethanesulfonic acid, 2-morpholinoethanesulfonic acid, 3-morpholinopropane-1-sulfonic acid, piperazine-N, N'-bis (ethanesulfonic acid), 2- {[Tris (hydroxymethyl) methyl] amino} ethanesulfonic acid, N- [2-hydroxy-1,1-bis (hydroxymethyl) ethyl] glycine contains. A method according to claim 1 to 9, characterized in that the optical brightener (s) before being mixed with the binder to a particle diameter d ₅₀ of 1 to 10 microns, preferably by means of a jet mill, is ground / are. Method according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the or the optical brightener (s) after mixing with the binder to a particle diameter d ₅₀ of 0.05 to 1 micron, preferably in the liquid phase and in particular by means of a stirred mill , is / will be ground. Method according to one the claims 1 to 11, characterized in that before and / or after the step c) in an additional Step d) a powdering agent, preferably zeolite, preferably in an amount of 0.5 to 5 wt .-% and in particular from 1 to 2.5 Wt .-%, on the carrier material and / or to the carrier material sprayed with the brightener-binder formulation is applied, the percentages on the finished granules are related. Granules, in particular detergent or cleaning granules or a component for this, preparable by a method according to one of claims 1 to 12 comprising a substrate and a coating, which optical brightener and binder comprises, characterized in that the granules after a degree of whiteness Berger above 110, preferably above 112 and in particular above 115. Granules according to claim 13, characterized in that the coating 1 to 4, preferably 2 optical brighteners, preferably in an amount of from 2 to 20% by weight, particularly preferably from 3 to 15% by weight and in particular from 4 to Contains 10 wt .-% and / or the finished granules of 0.01 to 0.5 wt .-% and in particular from 0.05 to 0.4% by weight of optical brightener. Granules according to one the claims 13 or 14, characterized in that in the coating a (e) or more acid (s) and / or salt (s), preferably a buffer system, in amounts of 0.01 to 15 wt .-%, preferably from 0.1 to 3 wt .-% is / are included. Granules according to claim 15, characterized in that the buffer system as a 0.1 M aqueous buffer solution pH of 4 to 11 and in particular a pH of 5 to 9 having. Use of a preparation comprising a binder, which preferably contains surfactant, preferably nonionic surfactant, optical Brightener, an acid and / or a salt, preferably a buffer system, and water for coating a carrier material. Use of a preparation comprising a binder, which preferably contains surfactant, preferably nonionic surfactant, optical Brightener, an acid and / or a salt, preferably a buffer system, and water for increasing the degree of whiteness Support material. Use according to one the claims 17 or 18, characterized in that the carrier material is a washing or Detergent or a component includes.