DE102005040806A1 - Radial water turbine for power and irrigation has active components with flow passing through them horizontally and parallel to external free flow - Google Patents

Abstract

The turbine (1) has active components in the form of a housing, an inlet funnel (3) and an induction tube (4), arranged so that the flow passes through them horizontally and parallel to the external free flow. The housing walls (2d) and the end of the induction tube are arranged so that the walls allow free flow to the outlet part (F4) of the induction tube, creating an injector effect.

Description

The The invention relates to a radial water turbine for use in free water flows in all-sided flow around for obtaining electrical energy from the flow energy of the free-flowing water, with the design features specified in the preamble of claim 1.

• a) Unterwassereinsatz auf hoher See zur Gewinnung von Strom aus der Energie stetiger Meeresströmungen oder bzw. und Gezeitenströmungen;
• b) Unterwassereinsatz – vorzugsweise schwimmend – in Fließgewässern zur Gewinnung von Strom aus der Energie der Strömung, in Kombinations- und Kompaktausführung mit einem el. Generator oder bzw. und einer Wasserpumpe auf Fließgewässern leicht installierbares schwimmendes autarkes Kleinkraftwerk bzw. Wasserpumpanlage für unterentwickelte Regionen in Entwicklungs- und Schwellenländern;
• c) als Zusatzeinrichtungen an Offshore- Windenergieanlagen zur zusätzlichen Gewinnung von Strom aus der Meeresströmung, insbesondere an Anlagen mit autark ablaufendem Inselbetrieb, mindestens zur Stromversorgung der Betriebseinrichtungen an Bord von autarken Offshore Windkraftanlagen,
• d) in Kombination mit a) und c) als (mit) tragender Unterwasser-Schwimmkörper für schwimmende Offshore- Wind- und Wasserkraftanlagen,
• e) in Kombination mit a), c) und d) als Einrichtung zur Bewirkung eines variierbaren Auftriebes zu Nutzung als Korrekturgröße bei Stabilisierungs- und Schwingungsdämpfungsmaßnahmen an schwimmenden Offshore- Wind- und Wasserkraftanlagen.

The future-oriented fields of application and tasks intended for the subject of the invention are:

• (a) underwater operation on the high seas for the purpose of obtaining electricity from the energy of steady ocean currents or or tidal currents;
• b) Underwater use - preferably floating - in running waters to obtain electricity from the energy of the flow, in combination and compact design with a el. Generator or or and a water pump on running waters easily installable floating self-sufficient small power plant or water pumping system for underdeveloped regions in development and emerging economies;
• (c) as ancillary equipment to offshore wind turbines for additional generation of electricity from the ocean current, in particular to installations with self-sufficient island operation, at least for the power supply of the operating facilities on board self-sufficient offshore wind turbines;
• (d) in combination with (a) and (c), as a (self-supporting) underwater float for floating offshore wind and hydroelectric power plants,
• (e) in combination with (a), (c) and (d), as a means of providing variable buoyancy for use as a correction factor in stabilization and vibration damping measures on floating offshore wind and hydroelectric power plants.

Aspects of energy production:

In view of the finiteness of fossil energy sources, an intensive development of regenerative, sustainable energies is a globally recognized and recognized requirement of our epoch, also because of the compelling need for action to reduce the CO ₂ pollution of our atmosphere, but also to maintain a (residual) stock of Humanity and the economy are vital to the basic substances and substances contained in fossil fuels.

Under available stationary renewable energy resources already have wind energy - at least with an important share - as a future one Energy supplier favors.

For the supply Sustainable, low-emission energies are already extensive Wind turbines projects developed and realized on land, one Increase (except some Repower actions) is after technical and economic Aspects hardly possible. Also, landscape conservation and eco-trends in the population speak on the other hand.

A intensive and lucrative development of wind power offers itself at sea, where strength and continuity the wind are much more intense and cheaper. Furthermore come for the acceptance and feasibility of a wind turbine or a Parks even more aspects like noise immission, shadow, optical compatibility and above all, nature and landscape conservation aspects rather to bear. But even here, the latter aspects are often the realization nearer to the coast Offshore wind turbines.

Reinforced Lately the planning and realization of offshore wind turbines operated on the high seas. The disadvantage here are the higher expenses for foundations especially in deep waters and expenses for the network connection.

As a way out against the need for in-depth, costly foundations, "floating offshore wind turbines" are available, as already provided, for example, in the Ventotec East 2 offshore wind farm in planning, or in the patent applications DE 10219062 . EP 1366209 . EP 1269018 . EP 1169670 DE 10 2005 040 808.7 DE 10 2005 040 803.6. Such systems work particularly efficiently when on board - as described and claimed in the first-mentioned patent application - the power generated is used without transmission losses and expensive and thus expensive transmission facilities for the recovery of the upcoming "hydrogen economy" so important energy carrier hydrogen.

at such floating facilities on the open sea, however, are inevitably Roughness of the water surface, which can cause vibrations on the system, one if possible to be encountered problem.

A parent Objective and task of the present inventive concept consists therefore creation of technical condition and facilities for the Use and operation of floating, especially self-sufficient working Offshore wind turbines according to the aforementioned use cases d) and e).

Further huge energy resources surpassing everything else, previously less developed energy potentials are in the ocean current.

their Usage is - like the relatively low previous realization also proves - by Energy recovery plants with buildings built in the sea consuming and costly and because of their endangerment by the roughness of the Marine very problematic.

present Subject of the invention is particularly based on the use of moderate, but steady underwater currents tuned to the seas. In addition to a substantial consistency of this Energy supply, underwater use also has the advantage that working under such conditions not working facilities or at least to a lesser extent the destructive rough one Surface wave gears exposed are. On the other hand, because of the lack of fall height for a conventional Suction tube for forming an acting on the turbine outlet Even replacement solutions required.

Besides that is for one such use of conventional Hydropower machines offense that only a minor (accumulation pressure-related) pressure gradient to disposal stands. Especially under the conditions of use of the energy gain largely only from the flow energy at a still low flow rate is drawn, are for it no or only very limited Dimensions conventional Hydropower machines suitable and usable.

A The concrete objective is therefore to create a water turbine concept for the Use in flowing waters without geodesic fall height for a Suction tube is suitable.

• a) Turbinen mit radial angeströmten großvolumigen Schaufelrädern mit Einrichtungen versehen sind, die mit der Energie der sie umgebende Strömung einen Injektoreffekt und somit einen Sog auf den Turbinenausgang ausüben, der eine verlustfreie – oder zumindest arme – partielle radiale Laufraddurchströmung ermöglicht, wobei des Weiteren
• b) das Turbinengehäuse mit einer Ummantelung mit Auftrieb bildenden Hohlräumen ausgestattet ist;
• c) das Turbinengehäuse und seine Ummantelung außen leitflächenhafte Konturen aufweist, die anstellwinkelabhängig zur äußeren freien Strömung, für Schwingungsdämpfungsprozesse nutzbar, variierbare Auftriebs- oder Senkkräfte bewirken.

The solutions of the stated objectives consist essentially in that

• a) turbines are provided with radially impinged large-volume paddle wheels with facilities that exert an injector effect and thus a suction on the turbine outlet with the energy of the surrounding flow, which allows a lossless - or at least poor - partial radial impeller flow, further
• b) the turbine housing is provided with a jacket with buoyancy-forming cavities;
• c) the turbine housing and its outer shell has conductive surface contours, the angle of attack depending on the outer free flow, usable for vibration damping processes, variable buoyancy or lowering forces.

details the embodiments of the invention go out of the claims and descriptions of the embodiments out.

The achievable functions and advantages resulting from the inventive fulfillment of Objectives. Details about Functions of the embodiments according to the invention with their brought benefits also go from the claims and the descriptions of the embodiments out.

Of the The subject of the application is described below with reference to drawings explained.

embodiments

• – zur Nutzung der die Turbine außen umstreichenden Strömung zur Bewirkung eines Soges im horizontal angeordneten Saugrohr ohne Fallhöhe,
• – mit Auftrieb bewirkender Hohlräume im Turbinengehäuse und den sie umgebenden Mantel,
• – zur Bewirkung eines gesteuerten Auf- oder Abtriebes.

1 to 4 illustrate in schematic sectional views of the invention embodiments of the housing of any radial turbine with its associated sheath

• - To use the outside of the turbine sweeping flow to cause a suction in the horizontally arranged suction tube without drop height,
• - With buoyancy causing cavities in the turbine housing and the surrounding jacket,
• - To effect a controlled up or down drive.

The alternative turbine housing designs and associated shrouds according to the invention are primarily all of the following, the use cases with very low pressure difference and large flow rate in the absence of Saugrohr fall height to be fair after radial turbine design concepts 5 to 12 assigned. The use of these resulting features extends to any other radial turbine designs.

5 includes a schematic sectional view of a radial turbine according to the invention for applications with very low pressure difference and high flow in the absence of Saugrohr-fall height with a tangentially flown paddle wheel with an integrated generator and a special design of the wheel chamber for anhydrous or turbulence and thus low-loss operation of not active Schaufelradpartie.

6 shows a radial turbine with two paddle wheels, with an integrated in a drum of a paddle el. Generator, wherein the paddle wheels in the middle between the Schaufelradachsen in the region of intermeshing blades are tangentially flowed and the Fillings of the blade interspaces on the opposite outer side are returned to the discharge side by return channels arranged parallel to the wheel circumference.

7 shows a radial turbine with two paddle wheels, with an integrated in an impeller el. Generator, the flow used for energy split flows around the wheels outside and the inflow and outflow is sealed by the gear-like meshing blades of the two wheels to each other.

8th shows a turbine with two tangentially flowed outside wheels, the blades are arranged tiltably on the impeller, which lie around in the non-active peripheral region between the two wheels and sealingly adjacent to each other prevent the flow between the inflow and outflow.

9 shows a turbine with two impellers, with an integrated in an impeller el. Generator, wherein the impellers are acted upon twice,
in which a larger part of the flow used to generate energy flows around the wheels,
a lesser portion is passed through an outgoing from the inlet funnel leading to the intake manifold side channel and tangential to the engaged blading of both wheels is supplied, which is detected on the inlet funnel side again by a channel guide and fed through an adjoining channel to the common intake manifold.

10 shows a plan view - sectional view of 9

11 shows the side view in two sectional planes of a turbine with a wholly full-flow impeller with Pelton turbine-like blades, with
an overlying, the Schaufelradgehäuse to the full extent extending spiral inflow channel,
and two equally profiled but oppositely extending, arranged laterally of the Radaustrittspartie drainage channels.

12 shows a plan view sectional view of 11 ,

descriptions to the embodiments

To 1 to 4

1 shows a schematic representation of a turbine housing 2 any radial turbine 1 , consisting of the inlet funnel 3 forming housing walls 2a , the wheel chamber casing 2 B and the suction tube 4 forming walls 2c with the outer wall 2d , The cross-sectional profile is rectangular based on the impeller profile of a radial turbine and the conditions of use - large flow rate at low flow rate - designed to be relatively wide. The inlet funnel 3 with its approximately three times the turbine inlet surface F2 amounting detection area F1 is largely concentric with the intake manifold 4 , In the normal application, the flow-through level is horizontal in the flow plane. The Durchströmflächen of the suction tube are dimensioned so that the inlet surface F3 is at optimal utilization of the velocity energy in the turbine at about double turbine inlet surface F2, and the Saugrohraustrittsfläche F4 causes a lying slightly below the speed of the outer flow outlet velocity.

The higher external flow causes on the emerging from the suction pipe flow, a suction at the convex and after the exit side increasing housing thickness or height due to an increased boundary layer flow yet can be increased.

Ample housing cavities 5a and 5b meet the desired efficiency, to use the subject invention as a supporting component in floating offshore installations. But even without this objective, a balance of buoyancy to net weight of the turbine for transport, assembly or repair can be useful.

The wing-like surface design ( 2d ) and a pivoting device, not shown in the horizontal plane allow a controlled, usable for the vibration damping of a floating offshore wind or hydropower plant variation of the buoyancy.

In 2 rejects that 1 adopted design of Pos. 1 . 2a , and 3 to reinforce the suction on the suction pipe a part and guide 7 on which the suction tube in two largely symmetrically arranged channels 6a and 6b Splits.

• – dem ausströmenden Wasser eine vertikal nach außen gerichtete Strömungsrichtung aufgezwungen wird, wodurch in gesteigertem Maße ebenfalls Vorstehendes bewirkt wird,
• – in der hinter dem Saugrohraustritt F4a, F4b liegenden Zone in Folge des abnehmenden bzw. nicht mehr vorhandenen Verdrängervolumens der Stromteilereinrichtung 7b sich in der freien Strömung ein „quasi-" Diffusoreffekt aufbaut, der auf das Saugrohr abermals einen verstärkten Sog ausübt. Vorliegende Turbinenkonzeption birgt auch die unter 1 angeführten Vorteile und angestrebten Möglichkeiten.

The advantage is that
the layer thickness of the outflowing water is thinner, whereby the outer (faster) flow can exert a more intense "stirring, mixing" influence,

• - the outflowing water is forced a vertically outwardly directed flow direction, whereby also protruding causes to an increased extent,
• In the zone behind the suction tube outlet F4a, F4b as a result of the decreasing or no longer existing displacement volume of the Current dividing means 7b In the free flow, a "quasi-" diffuser effect builds up, which again exerts an increased suction on the intake manifold 1 mentioned advantages and desired possibilities.

3 includes an alternative embodiment for increasing the function of the through the housing walls 2c formed Sagrohres 4 , For this purpose, in the extension over the housing width symmetrical to the turbine housing outer wall 2g a nozzle channel 10a . 10b forming Leitwandung 9a arranged. The compared to their end cross-sections F6a, F6b much larger inlet cross-sections F5a, F5b cause in the course of the channel flow rate increase, at the end of the suction pipe 4 the turbine 1 on the outflowing medium a diffuser effect and thus exerts a suction. For better mixing and effectiveness are in continuation of the wall 9a inwardly directed baffle strips 11a arranged. These are the same for intensive mixing in the core of Saugrohrstromes, on the other hand also for reduced congestion of the same, different lengths and arranged at certain intervals in an alternating sequence starting from both sides. An outer wall 9b to 9a creates additional cavities intended for some applications.

4 illustrates a further possibility for increasing the intensity of the Saugrohrwirkung without drop height and thus gained an increase in the desired buoyancy-forming cavities and fins.

For this are the nozzles 14a . 14b formed by a relatively large inlet-outlet cross-sectional ratio F5 / F6 particularly efficient, so that with the aid of under Pos. 11 described Leiteinrichtungen 16 an intensive mixing of both flows coming out of the diffuser 15 and those from the nozzle channels 14a and 14b It is deliberately accepted that the mean flow velocity of the mixed streams is above the flow velocity of the outer free flow. The exit loss-free flow rate adjustment or reduction are in continuation of the nozzle channel walls 12a a subsequent diffuser 15 forming walls 12b arranged. A connecting outer wall 12c thus creates further buoyancy-forming cavities 23a and 13b and an enlarged wing effect. With intensive speed-reducing effect of the jacket diffuser 15 cause the coats 12c reversing free currents a repeated suction effect with an efficiency-increasing effect on the turbine 1 ,

To 5

The front housing walls 21a . 21b the turbine form the inlet funnel 22 , about the curvatures 21b . 21c merges into the runner space, so that the water flow is on the shaft 23 mounted drum-shaped paddle wheel 24 with his shovels 25 is largely applied tangentially.

Inside the paddle wheel, a generator is integrated, which essentially consists of a co-rotating Polkranz 26 and an axle fixed stator 27 consists. The generator length will extend (due to the relatively large width of the WaKM) only over part of the impeller width. The water deprived of power due to deceleration leaves the paddle wheel area beyond that of the housing sections 21g . 21h formed suction tube 28 having the diffuser-oriented negative pressure forming cross-sectional shape. To increase the "suction efficiency" is hinted around the end of the turbine hint under 1
described, with the turbine casing contours 21i . 21j the nozzle channels 30a . 30b forming casing 29a . 29b arranged. These channels acting as nozzles 30a , 30b show in front of the diffuser end section 38a a flow rate increasing cross-sectional shape, wherein their end cross-sectional areas to that of the outlet cross-sectional area 28a from the suction tube, taking into account their discharge flow rates are tuned so that the negative pressure in the intake manifold 28 increasing "injector action" occurs, which increases the efficiency of the turbine. Furthermore, there is an intensive suction effect of emptying the blade interspaces 32 and the impeller chamber 31 , which is radially expanded in the non-active peripheral region of the impeller, to good. The emptying of the rooms 31 . 32 is for the absorption capacity and usability inflowing, flow energy containing fresh water an essential prerequisite.

To ensure that these rooms are emptied 31 . 32 is one over a connecting line 33 air supply valve connected to the outside atmosphere 34 arranged, the formation of an "air dome" in the upper impeller chamber at one of the suction pipe 28 caused negative pressure. An economical embodiment of a connection device for the free atmosphere, which is based in combination with a compulsory existing power cable is proposed in the patent application DE 10 2005 040 804.4. To rule out that airborne particles in the suction section 28 reach, which would be detrimental to the negative pressure conditions due to the strong expansion capacity, is a vent valve 34 designed and positioned so that only rooms above the top suction pipe 38b be vented and not suction tube 38 even. This over the top suction pipe section 38b arranged ventilation valve, consists of a float 34a , a valve body arranged thereon 34b in a valve seat 34c sitting mobile, and depending on distance or water level depending on its throttle cross-section and thus able to dose the air supply. To avoid water level disturbance troublesome turbulence is around the air supply valve 34 a foreclosure 35 arranged.

At the upper inflow side extends the radially sealing housing part 21e in a length that corresponds approximately to the blade pitch. With a balanced coordination of both routes and setting the edge between inlet funnel and impeller chamber is to achieve that the inflowing medium acts only in the direction of rotation of the blades.

Pos. 36 represents a vertical pivot axis of the modified turbine, by the z. B. when used on a fixed anchored offshore energy plant, the turbine is self-adjusting or controlled directed into the flow. With a horizontal pivoting device, not shown, can be used to stabilize the entire system when using the turbine to floating offshore energy systems, in which the turbine according to the invention also serves as a supporting component by controlled pivoting means appropriate Verstellaktore.

6

The inner housing walls 41a and 41b form the inlet funnel 42 , the walls 41c . 41d enclose the impeller chamber and the walls 41e . 41f form the diffuser 51 the turbine. An outer sheath 41g . 41h creates buoyancy-forming cavities 54 for use as a self-supporting floating body in floating offshore power plants. The in the funnel 42 detected and focusing flow is between those on the axes 43 . 44 stored two paddle wheels 45 and 46 with their blades 47 and 48 supplied largely tangentially. One of the drum-shaped. impellers 46 points inside a Polkranz 49 up, with the axle fixed stator 50 essentially forms the generator. This will only extend over a part of it because of a desirable relatively large width of the impeller.

Both wheels 45 and 46 stand by a training of the blades 47 and 48 as intermeshing gearing together in rotation. This is shown by the blades 48 of the generator sheltering paddle wheel 46 on the pressure or inflow side except a flow-concave shape at their ends, as well as the blade 47 the other generatorless paddle wheel 45 on the convex back completely on a suitable for a sliding and rolling process with the counter blade contour. Special constructive measures to reduce or even prevent radial play in this "Quasiverzahnung" does not require, as by the interaction of the two paddles transferring the power of the generator-free paddle wheel 45 on the generator-containing paddle wheel 46 ensures a clear "tooth system". Of course, divisions and tooth thicknesses must be adjusted accordingly for a smooth procedure.

alternative is proposed instead of the gear-like blade training both paddle wheels over one positive Twist connection (eg by means of a toothed belt or by gears) rotationally fixed to couple with each other. Furthermore, alternatively, the arrangement each of a separate generator in or next to the individual paddle wheels in included the inventive concept. The requirement of a sealing Contacting the teeth both wheels of course, one another stays natural unaffected.

To increase the "suction efficiency" are around the Turbinenendpartie for detecting the housing 51g . 51h sweeping flows of water under 1 and 2 described sheaths according to the invention 7 . 8th . 29 with her in interaction with the turbine wall 41g . 41h caused injector action arranged.

This is also a discharge or outflow of water from the inactive running area 52a . 52b and 52c . 52d causes the paddle wheels, wherein to prevent a power damaging circulation of the water to increase and ensure the return flow from these chambers one of Saugrohranfang 51a outgoing until shortly before the funnel end 42b extending partitions 53 arranged. Here are their starting positions 53a to the entrance funnel end 42b taking into account the blade pitch and Schaufelkrüm-mung set so that the entering into the inlet hopper blade clearance from the fresh incoming water on the one hand exerts a pointing in the direction of rotation circumferential force on the blade and on the other rinsing the blade gap of energized water, which then by the of housing 41c . 41d and the partitions 53 formed Rückströmkanälen to drain 51a flowing back. This chamber evacuation is by the suction pipe 51 acting suction and in addition of
one in the outskirts 51a - 52b occurring injector by the from the turbine wheel area 52e escalating water forced.

To 7

The inner housing walls 61a and 61b form the inlet funnel 62 , the walls 61c . 61d enclose the impeller chamber and the walls 61e . 61f form the diffuser 61 the turbine. An outer sheath 61g . 61h creates buoyancy-forming cavities 74a . 73b for use as a self-supporting floating body in floating offshore power plants. The in the funnel 62 detected and focussing flow through a guide 63 with support for rounded end sections 62b . 62c becomes tangent to those on the axes 63 . 64 stored two paddle wheels 65 and 66 with their blades 67 and 68 fed. One of the drum-shaped wheels 66 has inside a Polkranz 69 up, with the axle fixed stator 70 essentially forms the generator. This will only extend over a part of it because of a desirable relatively large width of the impeller.

Both wheels 65 and 66 stand by a training of the blades 67 and 68 as intermeshing gearing together in rotation. This is shown by the blades 68 of the generator sheltering paddle wheel 66 on the pressure or inflow side except a flow-concave shape at their ends, as well as the blade 67 the other generatorless paddle wheel 65 on the convex back completely on a suitable for a sliding and rolling process with the counter blade contour. Special constructive measures to reduce or even prevent radial play in this "Quasiverzahnung" does not require it, since the interaction of the two paddle wheels transferring the power of the generator-free paddle wheel 65 on the generator-containing paddle wheel 66 ensures a clear "tooth system". Of course, divisions and tooth thicknesses must be adjusted accordingly for a smooth procedure.

alternative is proposed instead of the gear-like blade training both paddle wheels over one positive Twist connection (eg by means of a toothed belt or by gears) rotationally fixed to couple with each other. Furthermore, alternatively, the arrangement each of a separate generator in or next to the individual paddle wheels in included the inventive concept. The requirement of a sealing Contacting the teeth both wheels of course, one another stays natural unaffected.

An output-side guide device 64 in conjunction with the rounded diffuser start 63a ensures favorable flow or deflection conditions.

To increase the turbine output side performance-enhancing "suction efficiency" around the turbine end section for detection and use of the housing 61g , h umstreichenden flows of water under 1 and 2 described nozzles 9a and 9b arranged.

To 8th

Pos. 80a . 80b form the inlet funnel as inner wall 81 , in which the captured and accelerated water then by guiding and deflecting device 83 divided into two streams and those on their axes 84a . 84b sitting paddle wheels 85a . 85b is supplied radially. These drum-shaped paddle wheels have joints at the periphery 86 on where the blades are 87 to one side, against the direction of rotation, tilted are attached. A support bar arranged on the rear side in the base of the blade 88 determines her working position. The impeller chambers 82a . 82b go into extended open spaces 89a . 89b over, which in turn into the suction pipe 90 pass.

The essential requirement in such two-wheel radially loaded WaKM, the sealing of the inlet side of the discharge side is inventively achieved in that the distance between the wheels, the blade height over the impeller circumference with deflected blade and the strength of an arranged between the two wheels, emanating from the guide guide web 91a and 91b so tuned that both sides, intake manifold 81 and diffuser 90 , are partitioned from each other. Guide webs spread on the intake manifold side 90a , B from the wheels, in such a way that they largely tangentially the outer blades in the folding over the outside sealingly and fold completely. On the inflow side, the guide device has a corresponding contour for unfolding the blades. At the latest after leaving this lot they are lifted by the inflowing water or placed in their operating position. Pos. 95 clarifies an intermediate position. On the Saugrohrseite additionally arranged Umlegerollen 92a . 92b Make sure you swing the blades. Both from the transporter rollers 92a . 92b , as well as from the guide walls 91a . 941b Based on the geometry, a domino-effectually executing panning operation is to be expected.

Alternatively, or as a further Umlege- or Schaufelstellungs- adjustment, a laterally of the wheels to the axis of rotation eccentrically arranged, approximately circular guide rail is proposed, in which a roller attached to the blade end faces of the blades slides, so that a positively controlled blade pivoting movement is effected. In addition to the advantageous Abdich As the pressure and suction side between the paddle wheels are thereby reduced center distance (space), as well as a favorable for these operating conditions large design options for the blade lengths advantageous aspects of this invention turbine concept. For obvious concerns regarding dynamic and hydraulic criteria and stresses on the novel blade-folding mechanism, it should be noted that in the present application, the use of ocean currents, for turbine construction, abnormally exceptionally low flow and thus rotational speeds are present. To convert the mechanical energy obtained into electrical generators are integrated in the drum-shaped paddle wheels, for example, it is by co-rotating ( 93 ) and axle-fixed pole wreaths 94 educated.

To 9 and 10

The one from the front lot 102 of the inlet funnel 102 detected flow is through a housing wall 101i in two inlet funnel sections 102 and 102b separated or through the lateral wall 101j channeled. The large-volume canal 102b is through a guide 111 in two, the wheels 105 . 105 with their blades 107 and 108 in the impeller chamber area 112a and 112b shared tangentially acting streams. That from the trough outlet areas 112e and 112d escaping medium, passed through the channel wall acting as a guide 114 , is streaming in its initial stages 103 and 103b in the diffuser 103 one. The one in the other intake funnel 102 detected flow is through channel 115a to the distribution channel 115b headed where they get the blades 107 . 108 between the wheels 105 . 106 act on the turbine output side.

On the other side is the guide 111 as a wall of a drainage channel 113a formed, which via a connecting channel 113b to the diffuser 103 leads.

The inlet and outlet contours of the guide devices adjoining the running zones of the paddle wheels 111 and 114 are coordinated with the blade pitch so that on the one hand the blade spaces are flushed through the fresh water and refilled by him, on the other hand, as little as possible fresh water into the drainage channels 113a . 103a . 103b device.

An absolutely tight boundary between the suction and pressure chamber 102 - 103 appears contrary to the conceptions according to 3 and 4 Not necessary, since here by the concave blade shape with uniform and substantially balanced with each other little pressurization no large gap losses are to be expected. Here also appears a stiff rotation transmission between the two paddle wheels, z. B. by means of a tooth, belt, or chain drive attached, making it only one generator 109 / 110 requirement.

This Conception is due to the multiple Radbeaufschlagung the paddle wheel space specific a cheap one solution represents.

To 11 and 12

Present turbine design according to the invention makes use of the Pelton blade shape, which has conventionally proven itself in contrast to the present case under contrary operating conditions. Since there are no "free jet" operating conditions, but the paddle wheel is flowed through homogeneously, an active "suction" for discharging the working fluid and adaptation to the external flow conditions condition. An essential requirement for utilizing the kinetic energy of the flow is also that, within the impeller system, the circumferential velocity vector of the inflow velocity is directionally reversed and reduced to one-half and, more optimally, by half. This is done via the inlet funnel 122 in the spiral housing 123 inflowing water through an annular gap 124 the paddle wheel 127 supplied largely tangentially. The blade 125 With its scabbard placed in the middle, divides the rectangular ribbon-like jet into two ripples, which in the adjacent lateral trough-like formation 125b . 125c be deflected by almost 180 °. The two-sided useful for the outflow paddle wheel spaces 126a and 126b are in cross section so on the associated partial inflow volumes of the annular gap 124 agreed that inevitably the radial exit velocity is about half of the inlet velocity.

In this case, deflecting and turbulence influences which disturb a cross-sectional reciprocal course of velocity can advantageously be counteracted by a trough-shaped surface course of the blade wheel or the blade channel bottom which is adapted in the axial extent. A directional inflow intensity from the volute casing 123 in the ring channel 124 becomes fan vanes extending across the channel width 129 promoted.

The side of the impeller exit section is followed on both sides by a spiral discharge channel 130 and 131 at with opposite cross-sectional shape to 123 , After unifying both, they go into intake manifold 132 above. The overlapping initial ( 130a . 131 ) And final games 130b and 131b the drainage channels are separated by a divider wall 121e and 121f isolated from each other.

The outer walls arranged in a horizontal plane 121i - 121l are formed wing-like and form buoyancy causing cavities 133a - 133d , The inner contours 134a . 134b the casing according to the invention form with the outer shell of the turbine 121k . 121l a nozzle 134a . 134b in the end area 132b of the turbine diffuser into another diffuser 134 passes. The nozzle cross section course of 134a . 135a to 134b . 134b and the Manteldiffusorquerschnitt are tuned with each other and the turbine diffuser cross-sectional profile such that on the Turbinendiffusorende 132b a suction is exercised and at the exit end of the Manteldiffusor 135 the medium mixture of nozzles 134 . 135 and turbine diffuser 132 largely the external flow rate occupies.

For better mixing of the nozzles 134 . 135 from the turbine diffuser 132 escaping medium are from the nozzles 134 . 135 starting in the jacket diffuser 136 projecting, in alternating sequence baffles 138a and 138b arranged. The outer walls arranged in a horizontal plane 134c . 134f are also formed wing-like and form buoyancy causing cavities 138a and 138b , In the wheel 127 an unillustrated electrical generator is integrated, preferably with an upstream planetary gear.

For all turbine arrangements and designs according to 1 to 9 Next, the following arrangement and design features are also provided:
For power multiplication and cost-effective production and assembly - which is relevant for use in offshore power plants - several such turbine designs are joined together side by side to form a construction or operating unit. For the Laufradsitzbasen are as a continuous waves, on or about which a generator is arranged formed.

For a safe sealing of generator and transmission interior, these are supplied via a pipe or hose system with dry air, so that the seals
(in particular shaft seals) relieved or supported in their function. The internal pressure to be built up is to be set above the pressure load resulting from geodetic water level application and the dynamic pressure caused by currents. In offshore power plants with several hydroelectric power plants, this air supply is accomplished from a centralized facility. The leads to the individual so supplied bases are advantageously paired with the already obligatory power lines. For this purpose, the patent application DE 10 2005 040 804.4 discloses favorable solutions.

at several turbines according to the invention used in formation in floating, Offshore hydropower plants anchored in the seabed will be the flow-oriented Turbine over a distance-maintaining connecting device with a floating on the water surface float connected. The buoyancy-forming volumes of both are so tuned that only a part of the total carrying capacity posed by the upper float becomes. This ensures that the Überwasserschwimmkörper relatively small fails and thereby for the rough sea little attack surface offers. In addition, the functioning as a lower float turbine floats in calmer underwater layers. The distance between the two is so set big, that with largely horizontal "centering" of the turbine through their wing-like outer contour in the calmer underwater layer surface troughs do not reach into the catchment area of the turbine, because "swallowing air" not only the actual Turbine function, but also the integrated injector function detrimental is.

When using the buoyant turbines according to the invention in streams (without significantly rugged water surface) is provided to arrange the supporting cavities largely above the active turbine sections. This in such a way that the water inlet _openings F1 _Fig.1 , and F5a _{Fig.1 are} below the water level. Alternatively, it is provided to connect the turbine concepts according to the invention for such applications with an overlying float floating on the water surface.

When ready to use, buoyant compact power-producing unit promises the use of such Hydropower generator combination useful or helpful solution options energy supply in developing and emerging countries, at least in certain regions.

For use on the high seas are for the protection of marine animals and preventive against Turbine damage caused by them in the water inflow area the modified water engine kept away from marine wildlife or distributing facilities such as gratings, broadcasting and radiation facilities for magnetic fields, electric fields of tension, sound or light, arranged.

Furthermore, they are coated with fouling and marine pestles preventing deposits or such trimming preventing stress Fields exposed.

1

Azialturbine

2

Gehäuse

2a

Gehäusewandung um 3

2b

Gehäusewandung um 1

2c

Gehäusewandung um 4

2d

äußere Gehäusewandung

2e

Gehäusehohlraum

2f

Gehäusewandung um 6

2g

äußere Gehäusewandung um 2a, b, f

2h

Gehäusehohlraum

2i

äußere Gehäusewandung

2j

Gehäusehohlraum

2k

äußere Gehäusewandung

2l

Gehäusehohlraum

3

Einlauftrichter

4

Turbinensaugrohr (Diffusor)

5

Generatorgehäuse

6

kreisringförm. Saugrohr

7

Teil- u. Leitkonus

7a

Leitkonuswandung innerhalb 6

7b

Leitkonuswandung außerhalb 6

7c

Leitkonushohlraum

8

Mantelsaugrohr

9

Mantel

9a

innere Mantelwandung

9b

äußere Mantelwandung

9c

Mantelhohlraum

10

kreisringförm. Düsenkanal

11

Leitstreifen

12

Mantel

12a

vord. innere Mantelwandung

12b

hintere innere Mantelwandung

12c

äußere Mantelwandung

12d

Mantelhohlraum

13

kreisringför. Düsenkanal

14

Leiteinrichtung

15

Turbinenlängsachse

16, 17

Leiteinrichtung

F1_Fig.1,2,3,4

Einlauftrichterfläche

F2_Fig.1,2,3,4

Laufradeinlauffläche

F3_Fig.1,2,3,4

Laufradaustrittsfläche = Saugrohreintrittsfläche

F4_Fig.1,2,3,4

Turbinensaugrohr-Austrittsfläche

F5_Fig.3,4

Ringdüseneintrittsfläche

F6_Fig.3,4

Ringdüsenaustrittsfläche

F7_Fig.4

Mantelsaugohraustrittsfläche

1 to 4

1

Azialturbine

2

casing

2a

Housing wall to 3

2 B

Housing wall to 1

2c

Housing wall to 4

2d

outer housing wall

2e

housing cavity

2f

Housing wall to 6

2g

outer housing wall to 2a , b, f

2h

housing cavity

2i

outer housing wall

2y

housing cavity

2k

outer housing wall

2l

housing cavity

3

feed hopper

4

Turbine suction tube (diffuser)

5

generator housing

6

kreisringförm. suction tube

7

Partial u. guide cone

7a

Leitkonuswandung within 6

7b

Leitkonuswandung outside 6

7c

Leitkonushohlraum

8th

Mantelsaugrohr

9

coat

9a

inner jacket wall

9b

outer jacket wall

9c

mantle cavity

10

kreisringförm. nozzle channel

11

conductive strip

12

coat

12a

vord. inner jacket wall

12b

rear inner jacket wall

12c

outer jacket wall

12d

mantle cavity

13

kreisringför. nozzle channel

14

guide

15

turbine longitudinal axis

16, 17

guide

F1 _Fig.1,2,3,4

Inlet funnel area

F2 _Fig.1,2,3,4

Impeller inlet surface

F3 _Fig.1,2,3,4

Impeller outlet surface = suction tube entry surface

F4 _Fig.1,2,3,4

Turbine suction-outlet area

F5 _Fig.3,4

Ring nozzle inlet area

F6 _Fig.3,4

Ring nozzle exit area

F7 _Fig.4

Mantelsaugohraustrittsfläche

5

21

turbine housing

21a, 21b

Wall around 22

 21c, 21d

curved end part around 22

 21e

Impeller chamber wall section <t

21f

Impeller chamber wall section> t

 21g, 21h

Wall around 31

 21i 21j

Wall around 28

22

feed hopper

23

bucket wheel

24

paddle wheel

25

blade

26

Polkranz

27

stator

 28

suction tube (Diffuser)

28a

Saugrohranfang

28b

suction pipe

28c

highest level of 28a

29a, 29b

outer horizo. Turb.-wall

30

radial extended impeller chamber

31

Bucket clearance

32

vent valve

32a

swimmer

32b

valve body

 32c

valve seat

33

ventilation tube

 34

valve foreclosure

35a, b, c, d

cavity

 36

Pivot means

6

41

turbine housing

41a, 41b

horizon .. wall of 42

41c, 41d

radial wall of 54a . 54b

41e, 41f

horizontal wall of 51

41g, 41h

outer horiz. Wall of 41

41i, j

Schaufelradkammerwandung

42

feed hopper

43 44

Paddle wheel axle / shaft

45, 46

paddle wheel

47 48

blade

47a, 48a

blade pitch

49

Rotor Polkranz

50

stator

51

suction tube (Diffuser)

52 53

impeller chamber

52a, 53a

active Overflow chamber area

52b, 53b

Return channel within 52 . 53

54 55

divider

56a, b, c, d

cavity

7

61

turbine housing

61a, 61b

horizontal wall of 62

61c, 61d

radial wall of 72a . 72

61e, 61f

horizontal wall of 63

61g, 61h

outer horiz. Wall of 61

62

feed hopper

63

suction tube (Diffuser)

64a, b

Axis / shaft

65, 66

paddle wheel

67, 68

blade

69

Stator Polkranz

70

Paddlewheel Polkranz

71

conductivity u. partial device

 72a, 72b

impeller chamber

 73a, 73b

cavity

8th

80

turbine housing

80a, b

horizontal wall of 81

80c, 80d

radial wall of 82

 80e, 80f

radial wall from the free space in 82

80g, H

horizontal wall of 90

81

feed hopper

82

impeller chamber

82a, 82b

active area in 82

82c, 82d

Free space in 82

83

guide

83a, 83b

Zuströmleitfläche

83c, 83d

spiral shape of 83 (Blade guide)

 84a, 84b

Paddle wheel axle / shaft

85a, 85b

paddle wheel

86

Blade pivot

87

blade

88

Blade-supporting web

90

suction tube (Diffuser)

91a, 91b

Blade guide web

92a, 92b

Blade wrapping roller

93

Paddlewheel Polkranz

94

Stator Polkranz

101

Turbinengehäuse

101a, 101b

Wandung von 102

101c, 101d

Wandung von 103

101e, 101f

horizontale Außenw. von 101

101g, 101h

vertikale Außenw. von 101

101i

Trenn-u.Leitwand in 102

102

Einlauftrichter

103

Saugrohr (Diffusor)

104a, 104b

Schaufelrad-Welle/Achse

105, 106

Schaufelrad

107, 108

Laufschaufel

109

Laufrad-Polkranz

110

Stator-Polkranz

111

Leiteinrichtung u. Abflusskanal

112

Schaufelradkammer

112,a, b

äußere aktive Radkammerpartie

112c

innere aktive Radkammerpartie

112d, e

Abflußkanal der äußeren Radkammerpartie

113

Sammelkanal der inneren Radkammerpartie

113a

Abflusskanal der inneren Radkammerpartie

114

Wandung von 112d, e und Wandung von 115

115

Zuflusskanal zur inneren Radkammerpartie 112c

115a

Verbindungskanal zu 102a

116a, b

Hohlraum

9 and 10

101

turbine housing

101a, 101b

Wall of 102

101c, 101d

Wall of 103

101e, 101f

horizontal exterior from 101

101g, 101h

vertical exterior from 101

101i

Trenn u.Leitwand in 102

102

feed hopper

103

Suction tube (diffuser)

104a, 104b

Impeller shaft / axle

105, 106

paddle wheel

107, 108

blade

109

Wheel Polkranz

110

Stator Polkranz

111

Guide u. spillway

112

impeller chamber

112, a, b

outer active wheel chamber section

112c

inner active wheel chamber section

112d, e

Outflow channel of the outer Radkammerpartie

113

Collection channel of the inner Radkammerpartie

113a

Outflow channel of the inner Radkammerpartie

114

Wall of 112d , e and wall of 115

115

Inflow channel to the inner Radkammerpartie 112c

115a

Connecting channel too 102

116a, b

cavity

Claims (32)

Radial water turbine for use in free flows, consisting of a mounted in a housing largely tangentially impeller blade with concave blades to the direction of flow, with an adjoining the Schaufelradkammer suction, and an integrated into the turbine or as a unit associated, driven by the impeller Electric generator characterized in that the active components of the radial turbine ( 1 ) the turbine housing ( 2 ), a free outer flow seizing inlet funnel ( 3 ) and a suction tube ( 4 ) are designed and assigned to one another in such a way that they flow through substantially horizontally and parallel to the outer free flow, their housing outer walls ( 2d . 2g ) and the end of its suction tube ( 4 . 6a . 6b ) are designed and assigned to each other such that the housing outer walls ( 2d . 2g ) sweeping free flow on the outlet part (F4 _Fig.1 , F4a, b _Fig.2 ) of the suction tube ( 4 . 6a . 6b ) exerts a suction causing injector effect to the Gehäuseaußenwandung ( 2i . 2h ) a sheath ( 9 . 12 ) is arranged, with the housing outer wall at least one acted upon by the free outer flow, the flow rate increasing nozzle channel ( 10a . 10b ) 13a . 13b ) which exerts a suction effect on the medium flowing out of the suction pipe _outlet (4, _{FIG. 3,} 4), the outer walls ( _FIG . 2d . 2g . 2i . 2k ) of the housing ( 2 ) of the active radial turbine component ( 1 ) with inlet funnel ( 3 ) and suction tube ( 4 . 6a . 6b ) and the outer wall ( 9b . 12c ) of the sheath ( 9 . 12 ) Surface contours and runs such that the entire structure relative to the free outer flow functional properties of a buoyancy causing wing, housing ( 2 ) and sheath ( 9 . 12 ) Buoyancy causing cavities ( 2e . 2h . 2y . 21 ; 9c . 12d ) exhibit. Radial-water turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that the active components of the radial turbine (1 _Fig.1,2,3,4 ), inlet funnel (3 _Fig.1,2,3,4 ) and the suction tube (4 _{Fig.1, 3,4} , 6a, b) _{FIG. 3} ) shows a common housing ( _FIG. 2 ), wherein the inner flow _{cross-sectional profiles} (F1 _{Fig. 1,2,3} to F4 _Fig.1,2,3 ), are dimensioned so and the surface _{profile of} the outer housing ( 2d . 2g . 2i ) is structured so that the outflow velocity of the water from the suction pipe (4 _Fig.1,2,3 ) is below the flow velocity of the free outer flow. Radial-water turbine according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that around its housing (2 _Fig.3,4 ) in the suction pipe side a sheath ( 9 . 12 ) is arranged, wherein the inner wall ( 9a . 12a ) with the outer surface ( 2i . 2k ) of the turbine housing ( 2 ) an annular nozzle ( 10 . 13 ) forms with a decreasing in cross-section, flow rate increasing profile with an outflow from the suction pipe (4 _Fig.3,4 ) medium outflow _direction . Radial-water turbine according to claim 1 and 3, characterized in that in continuation of the inner wall ( 9a . 12a ) a casing ( 9 . 12 ), Which (with the turbine housing outer wall 2i _Fig.3, 2k _Fig.4) an annular die ( 10 . 13 ), this into another suction tube ( 8th ) with the function of a diffuser forming inner wall ( 12b ) passes whereby the inner flow cross- _{sectional curves} (F1 _Fig.4 to F4 _Fig.4 ) are dimensioned so that the outflow velocity of the water from the suction pipe (4 _Fig.4 ) is below the flow velocity of the free outer flow, but alternatively also over the free outside flow lies. Radial-water turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that in the suction pipe (6 _Fig.2 ) of its housing (2 _Fig.2 ) a flow partial and traffic cone ( 7 ) is arranged, the outer contour ( 7a ,) in the area of the tubular housing wall ( 2f ) and the housing wall enclosing it ( 2f ) so that the gap ( 6 ) is designed as a ring cross-section-shaped suction tube acting as a diffuser, the contour ( 7b ) of the partial and guide cone outside of the turbine housing has a decreasing cross-sectional profile, in such a way that on the out of the annular channel ( 66 ) again _exerts a diffuser effect, the inner flow _{cross-sectional profiles} (F1 _Fig.2 to F _Fig.2 ) are dimensioned so that the outflow velocity of the water from the suction pipe (6 _Fig.2 ) is below the flow velocity of the free outer flow. Radial-water turbine according to claim 1, 2 and 5, characterized in that the housing wall (2d _Fig.1 , 2g _Fig.2 ) from the inlet funnel ( 3 ) - start (F1) starting from the intake manifold ( 4 . 6 ) - extending end (F4, F6) towards substantially in the vertical extent rising. Radial-water turbine according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that, alternatively, depending on the design feature of the turbine a) at the end of the outer flow-conducting turbine shell ( 2d . 2f ), b) as an extension of a turbine casing ( 9 ), c) from an injector effect causing annular nozzle ( 13 . 39 ) outgoing, a radially obliquely inward into the flow of the diffuser ( 4 . 6 ) ( 11 . 14 . 15 . 16 ) is arranged, which consist of different lengths, arranged in an alternating sequence with intervening voids stripe-shaped baffles. Radial-water turbine according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that the free flow sensing surface (F1) of the inlet funnel ( 3 ) is at least twice the turbine inflow area (F2). Radial-water turbine according to claim 1 and any further preceding claims, characterized in that the radial turbine ( 1 ) a transversely mounted to the flow direction paddle wheel ( 24 ), which is acted upon tangentially by the water flow on the lower side, the impeller chamber on the upper side after a short circumferential distance ( 21e ) one into the suction pipe ( 26 ) transitional radial extension ( 30a ), inlet funnel ( 22 ) and suction tube ( 28 ) a substantially parallel horizontal channel guide ( 21 . 21b ), at the end of the upper free space ( 30a ) to the intake manifold ( 28 ), above the highest wall ( 28c ) of the intake manifold beginning ( 28a ) a self-regulating ventilation valve ( 32 ) is arranged with a mode of operation such that in the Radkammerpartie lying above the Schaufelradtrommel upper edge an anhydrous, at least low-water air dome is formed. Radial-water turbine according to claim 1 and 9, characterized in that the ventilation valve ( 32 ) from a float ( 32a ) and a sealing element arranged thereon, preferably designed as a valve cone ( 32b ), which in an associated valve seat ( 32c ) from the float controlled closing function and the space above it ( 32d ) via a hose or pipeline ( 33 ) is associated with the free atmosphere. Radial-water turbine according to claim 1 and any further preceding claims, characterized in that the radial turbine ( 1 ) on a substantially perpendicular to the horizontal flow axis ( 15 ) lying connecting line two symmetrically seated wheels ( 45 . 46 ) whose center distances are dimensioned such that the rotor blades ( 47 ) of a paddle wheel ( 45 ) in the blade space of the other paddle wheel ( 46 protruding and vice versa, and the blades for an asset allocation have a sealing, gear-like Abwälzprofil, the paddle wheels ( 45 . 46 ) in their engagement ( 52a . 53a ) are impinged tangentially, the impeller ( 52 . 53 ) shortly after the inlet funnel end ( 42b ) has a radial extension in which a separating web ( 54 . 55 ) is arranged one in the suction pipe ( 51 ) reflux channel ( 52c . 53c ). Radial-water turbine according to claim 1 and 11, characterized in that the distance from the inlet funnel end ( 42b ) until the beginning of the separating web ( 54 . 55 ) and the bucket division ( 47a ) are matched to one another such that the fresh water flowing into the blade interspaces on the inflow side, the old water filling in the return flow channel ( 52b . 53b ) flushes with little loss, in a paddle wheel ( 46 ) an el. generator is housed and the combable formed blade sides are associated with each other so that the blade ( 47 ) of the generator-free paddle wheel ( 45 ) in the circumferential direction on a blade ( 48 ) of the paddle wheel containing the generator ( 46 ) is supported. Radial water turbine according to claim 1 and any further preceding claims, characterized in that the radial turbine ( 1 ) on a substantially perpendicular to the horizontal flow line connecting line two symmetrically seated paddle wheels ( 65 . 66 ), the axial distances of the paddle wheels are dimensioned such that the rotor blades ( 67 ) of a paddle wheel ( 65 ) in the blade clearance close to the included in the Abwälzkinematik interspace bottom of the other paddle wheel ( 66 ) and vice versa, wherein the blades for an asset allocation have a sealing, gear-like rolling profile, at the end of the inlet funnel ( 62 ) a guiding and dividing device dividing the flow ( 71 ) is arranged, the currents largely tangentially outside the paddle wheels ( 65 . 66 ), in a paddle wheel ( 66 ) an el. generator ( 69 / 70 ) is accommodated and the combable trained blade sides are assigned to each other so that the blade ( 65 ) of the generator-free paddle wheel ( 65 ) in the circumferential direction on a blade ( 68 ) of the paddle wheel containing the generator ( 66 ) is supported. Radial-water turbine according to claim 1 and any further of the preceding claims, characterized in that the radial turbine ( 1 ) on a substantially perpendicular to the horizontal flow line connecting line two symmetrically seated paddle wheels ( 85a . 85b ), whose rotor blades ( 87 ) by means of a pivot joint ( 86 ) are mounted on the circumference of the paddle wheels, wherein blade shape and the joint kinematics are designed so that they are largely folded over without radial gaps on the paddle wheel drum lying on the blade a their operating position determining Abstützsteg ( 88 ), the axial spacing of the paddle wheels ( 85a . 85b ) are set so that in the folded state of the blades ( 87 ) this with its convex back arranged between the paddle wheels guide webs ( 91a . 91b ), inflow on the center of the impellers ( 85a . 85b ) a dividing the liquid flow dividing and guiding device ( 83 ) is arranged with a Leitflächenkontur ( 83a . 83b ) such that with the opposite housing wall ( 80e . 80f ) the paddle wheels ( 85a . 85b ) are impinged largely tangentially, the Schaufelradkammer ( 82 ) one into the suction pipe ( 90 ) transitional radial extension ( 82a ) having. Radial water turbine according to claim 1 and 14, characterized in that the guide webs ( 91a . 91b ) in continuation of the subdivision and guidance ( 83 ) in the direction of the intake manifold ( 90 ), wherein their radial directions to the paddle wheel from the paddle wheel spirally remove, so far as that in the course coming towards them radially upright blades ( 87 ), the contour facing the paddle wheels ( 83b . 83c ) of the guide device ( 83 ) to the inlet funnel also have a radial distance to the impeller spiral course, alternatively in the initial region of the suction tube ( 90 ) Transfer rollers ( 92a . 92b ) are arranged, in an execution and positioning manner so that the radially upright standing on the blade wheel blades are folded over when passing. Radial water turbine according to claim 1 and any further of the preceding claims, characterized in that the radial turbine ( 1 ) on a substantially perpendicular to the horizontal flow axis ( 15 ) connecting line two symmetrically seated paddle wheels ( 105 . 106 ), the inlet funnel ( 102 ) by a partial and guiding device ( 101i ) in the horizontal plane into two channels ( 102 102b ), of which one channel ( 102b ) again by a part and guide device ( 111 ) is divided into two largely vertical streams, the two paddle wheels ( 105 . 106 ) act tangentially on its outer circumference, whose flows on the outlet side over that of a guide ( 114 ) formed drainage channels ( 112d . 112e ) the suction tube ( 103 ), of which the other channel ( 102 ) via a connection channel ( 115a ) flow has a feed channel extending over the blade wheel width ( 115 ), which engages the engaged blade section (FIG. 112c ) of the paddle wheels ( 105 . 106 ) flows tangentially, the on the inlet funnel side equally as collecting and outflow channel ( 113 ) designed guide ( 111 ) this current via a connection channel ( 113a ) the suction tube ( 103 ) feeds. Radial-water turbine according to claim 1 and any further of the preceding claims, characterized in that the radial turbine ( 1 ) a pelton turbine-like paddle wheel ( 127 ) having a blade shape such that the center of the blades ( 125 ) largely tangentially supplied water is deflected by almost 180 °, radially above the impeller ( 127 ) in continuation of the inlet funnel ( 122 ) extending over the entire circumference of the impeller spiral housing ( 123 ) is arranged with a basically ( 121 ) of the spiral housing ( 123 ) arranged circumferential annular gap ( 124 ), on both sides adjacent to the Schaufelradkammer at the end unifying, in the suction pipe ( 132 ) merging drainage spiral housing ( 130 . 131 ) are arranged, wherein in the radial extent of the blade ring from the Schaufelradkammer to Abflussspiralgehäuse both sides connecting channels ( 130a . 131 ) are arranged. Radial-water turbine according to claim 1 and 17, characterized in that the deflection and the outflow serving spaces ( 126a . 126b ) between the blades ( 125 ) in both the circumferential and in the radial extent and the inflow cross section ( 124 ) are designed and matched to one another that over the annular gap ( 124 ) inflowing water leaves the blading on both sides in the opposite direction at about half the entrance speed, in the spiral housing ( 123 ) above the entrance slit ( 124 ) Guide vanes ( 129 ) are arranged, preferably in the width of the annular gap ( 124 ) and with concave to the direction of flow formed side edges, the Zuflußspiralgehäuse ( 123 ) and the drain spiral housing ( 130 . 131 ) have a cross-sectional shape such that the mean flow velocity, to and from the impeller, remains the same within the longitudinal extent of these volute casings. Radial water turbine according to claim 1 and any further claims above thereby marked that the proportion of the spatial extension of their Blades to the entire paddle wheel over conventional radial turbine designs is much bigger, the radial length the blade at least one third of the impeller diameter, or one fifth the outer impeller diameter is, the Blade width or impeller width at least one and a half times the blade length is. Radial water turbine according to claim 1, 9 and 17, characterized in that within its impeller ( 24 . 127 ) An electric generator is arranged, alternatively adjacent to the paddle wheel, a generator driven by it is arranged. Radial water turbine according to claim 1, 10, 12, 13 and 16, characterized in that within one of their two paddle wheels an electric generator is housed, or alternatively next to Paddle wheel is arranged by a generator driven by him, the generatorless paddle wheel being in engagement Blade toothing, alternatively over a rotary transmission device such as B. a Riehmen- or Gear drive, with the generator rotor is in rotary connection. Radial water turbine according to claim 1 and any further claims above, characterized in that a plurality of these radial turbines to a Assembly are summarized. Radial water turbine according to claim 1 and 22, thereby marked that for several in a horizontal plane next to each other a unit summarized radial turbines their bucket wheels are coupled by means of a rotary joint, alternatively this have a continuous impeller shaft, only an electrical one Generator is arranged. Radial water turbine according to claim 1 and any further claims above thereby marked that the entire radial turbine design or also the assembly of several summarized radial turbines a pivotable fastening device comprises or pivotable in Underwater area is attached. Radial-water turbine according to claim 1, 24 and any further claims above thereby marked that in the pivotable fastening device integrated a pivoting causing motorized adjustment is or one is assigned to it. Radial water turbine according to claim 1 and any further claims above thereby marked that theirs from the water or any other aggressive atmospheres sealed interiors such as B. gear or generator housing, or housing electrical / electronic Components are subjected to a compressed air atmosphere, in which the internal pressure to be built up over which the sealing points outside acting pressure is, for example, from the geodesic overlying water level and caused by currents Results in dynamic pressure. Radial water turbine according to claim 1 and any further claims above thereby marked that in its water inflow area a protective grid or a transmitting device with Meeresgetier driving away or keep away Broadcasts like magnetic fields, electrical stress fields, Sound or light is arranged. Radial water turbine according to claim 1 and any further claims above characterized in that their active parts with a fouling and marine small animal facing preventing coating are coated. Radial-water turbine according to claim 1 and any further preceding claims, characterized in that it or more combined to form a unit radial turbines ( 1 ) is connected to a floating body arranged above it with a balanced distribution of buoyancy causing cavities, so that both form a uniform floatable system, their spatial associations are such that the upper water inlet base at the inlet funnel ( 2 ) lies below the water surface. Radial-water turbine according to claim 1 and arbitrary further claims above, characterized in that it is in addition to an electrical Generator, or alternatively instead of one of the paddle wheel having driven water pump. Radial-water turbine according to claim 1, 30 and arbitrary further claims above, thereby marked, the the water pump is a peristaltic pump, in which these preferably outside and is arranged laterally from the paddle wheel and a lengthened, after Outside guided Paddlewheel shaft the crimping and the arms Rolling body one Hose pump carries. Radial-water turbine according to claim 1, 26, 27, 28 and any further preceding claims, characterized in that it has design and functional features of a floating, self-sufficient and automatically operating small power plant, with electrical and electronic components for converting the generated current to a predetermined Frequency and voltage is provided with mechanical, electrical and electronic components equipped and equipped with flow velocity measuring sensors, so that the demanded electrical power -. B. by preemption circuits and shutdown of individual consumer circuits - the demanded pump power - z. B. by limiting the delivery volume of the pump - the _maximum power-determining paddle wheel flow velocity _ratio v _inflow / _outflow v = 2 is not significantly below.