DE102005011908B9 - Anode for a lithium-polymer battery and method of making an anode - Google Patents

Abstract

An anode for a lithium polymer battery comprising a Li intercalatable carbon, microencapsulated alkali isolates and / or complexes, a polymer binder, a conducting salt and an aprotic solvent, wherein the alkali isolates and / or complexes are selected from the group consisting of Alkali-crown ether complexes, alkali cryptands, alkali carbanions, alkali naphthalene, polyphenylene sodium and alkali methylstyrene complexes.

Description

The present invention relates to anodes for lithium polymer batteries in which alkali isolates and / or complexes are used. In particular, the invention relates to such anodes with improved properties, especially in terms of stability, cyclenfestigkeit and reduced internal resistance. Further, it also relates to a process for producing such anodes.

Transition Metal Oxide Electrodes z. B. based on Co, Mn, V, Ti are already known and described in the literature: Handbook of Battery Materials, ed. By IO Besenhard p. 293-336 (1999) Verlag Chemie, Weinheim (Ref. 1) and Journal of Power Sources 97-98 (2001), Lithieted cobaltes for Li-ion batteries p. 290-293, electrophoretic fabrication of LiCoO ₂ , p. 294-297, Modified cathodes, p. 298-312; improved cathode for Li-ion batteries (Y doped), p. 313-315; role of nickel content, p. 316-320, nonstoichiometric LiCoO ₂ , p. 287-289 u. a. (Ref. 2).

The usual electrodes for lithium polymer batteries contain z. B. entspr. DE 10020031 A1 (Ref.3): cathode and corresponds to the anode 65% Li-intercalated metal oxide (Mn, Co o. Ä.) 53 Ma% graphite 6.5% conductive carbon black - 4% Kynar 2801 ^® (polymer binder) 6.5 Ma% Kynar 6% Plex ^® 6770 (Polymer Binder) 10 Ma% Plex 6770 1.5% LiClO ₄ (conductive salt) 2.5% by volume of LiClO ₄ 8.5% EC (ethylene carbonate solvent) 14% by mass 8.5% γ-BL (γ-butyrolactone solvent) 14 Ma% γ-BL Ma means mass shares.

Ref. 3 contains no indications of the long-term behavior of the cells described there, but the data reported for 24 cycles (of the two types of batteries) do not give any indication of the necessary long-term behavior for commercial products.

The known in the art electrodes for lithium polymer batteries can be improved because they show insufficient electrical conductivity, relatively high electrical resistance, reduced electrical stability and low discharge capacity and increased fading (in long-term test).

DE 3406472 A1 suggests the use of alkali isolates or alkali complexes in an electrolyte of a primary cell.

It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide improved anodes for lithium polymer batteries which exhibit an improved performance. This object is achieved with the defined according to claim 1 anode and with the method defined in claim 8 for their preparation. Preferred embodiments can be found in the subclaims.

In the following, the preferred embodiments, advantages, and improvements achieved by the invention will be described in detail. The anode, the alkali isolates and / or complexes according to the invention are microencapsulated added as a mixture components.

This measure according to the invention is novel and advantageous in several respects. The production of microcapsules is described in reference 4:
HG Elias, Macromolecules Vol. 2, page 255, 700, 709 [1992] Hüthig et al. Wepf Verlag, Basel, and in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry Vol. 16, p. 575/87 [1990], publishing house VCH, Weinheim and DE 101 51 830 from April 30, 2003.

The electrical conductivity is improved.

The wetting of the anode material with the electrolyte salt and electrolyte and with the (or) the solvent (s) is significantly increased, which leads to the formation of electrical traces and reduction of resistance. The addition of the additives according to the invention to the Li-intercalated graphite and the Li heavy metal oxide shows a surprising synergistic effect, in particular with regard to electrical stability and reduced failure mechanisms.

This synergistic effect is all the more advantageous because these components also intercept and cause interfering acid by side reaction and increase the conductivity in parallel. The process according to the invention consists in using the additives according to the invention in combination with the Li-intercalatable carbon which is selected from synthetic, natural or modified graphites and mixtures thereof (reference 5 describes the additions according to the invention of alkali isolates and / or complexes: Advanced Organic Chemistry, I. March-Wiley NY 1985 Naked anoins, p.322, crownether p.77-79, cryptants 78, carbonions 141, 151-162, and Houben Weyl, Macromolecular Materials Bd. E20 / 1, 1987, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, anion Initiators p 116). A special mixing and application technique can be used as the lead-acid coating for battery cathodes. Here, the proportion of heavy metal oxides or mixtures thereof is preferably 75-92% by weight, the addition of the additives according to the invention is preferably 1.5-10% by weight, the polymer binder preferably 3-10% by weight, the Leitsalzmenge preferably 0.5-10% by mass , the amount of solvent of aprotic solvents is preferably 10-20% by weight and the amount of optional additives is preferably 0.1-10% by weight.

Anode constituents:

• 1. Li-intercalatable carbons: preferably synthetic natural or modified graphites, alone or in combination.
• 2. alkali isolates and / or complexes, as well as anionic initiators, in particular pyrrole, thiophene, aniline, which are mixed in a microencapsulated form.
• 3. Polymer binders: suitable in particular polymers based on polyolefins, polyisobutene, polystyrene, polybutadiene, polyisoprene, copolymers of styrene with butadiene and / or isoprene as random copolymers or anionically produced block polymers; Furthermore, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl ethers, polyethers with capped end groups z. B. with CH ₃ - and / or CH ₂ = C (OH ₃ ) CO-, further fluoroelastomers z. B. copolymers which can be used in admixture with the above-mentioned polymers, wherein the proportion of the fluoroelastomer copolymers in the polymer mixture is preferably 10-90% by mass, and also fluoroelastomer terpolymers, which are alone or in admixture with the above mentioned polymers can be used. The terpolymers are in particular polymers of tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropene, fluoroalkoxy monomers and / or vinylidene fluoride.
• 4. Suitable conductive salts are in particular: Li organylborates z. B. Li-Oxalatoborat, LiPF ₆ , Li-triflates (Li-trifluoromethanesulfonate), Li-Trifluormethylsulfonylimide u. ä. according to ref. 1 p. 462-463.
• 5. Aprotic solvents are preferably alkylcarbonates u. Ä. according to Ref. 1, p. 459-461, further glycol ethers, and low molecular weight fluoroethers and mono- and di-methacrylates with perfluorinated alkyl radicals with C2-C20, preferably C3-C15, or N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP).
• 6. Additives that can be used optionally are indifferent auxiliaries which serve to improve the electrode masses and structure porosity and trapping reaction z. B. of acids and interfering components. Preferred auxiliaries are selected from MgO, Al ₂ O ₃ , SiO ₂ but also Li borate, silicates, cement. They can be alone or in combination.

All starting materials are degassed before use at temperatures z. B. from 20 ° C to 250 ° C and under pressures of z. 101325 Pa to 0.01 Pa (760 Torr to 10 ^-4 Torr), preferably at room temperature to 110 ° C and pressures of 13.33 Pa to 1.33 Pa (0.1 to 0.01 Torr ^{). 1} to 10 ^-2 )).

Process variant (a)

The processing of the anode components (1. to 6.) is advantageously carried out by mixing the Li-intercalatable carbons (1.) with the microencapsulated additives (2.) with the addition of indifferent auxiliaries (6.) and optionally the conductive salts (4.), preferably the Li organo-globorate. After mixing the components listed above z. B. in a Voith mixer ultrasonic bath o. Ä. Under inert gas at temperatures of z. B. -20 to 100 ° C, preferably at RT to 50 ° C, according to a preferred embodiment (a) the conductive salt (4.), if it was not already added, with the solvent (5.) added and can as Dispersion z. B. 30-60 minutes under the conditions specified above and then z. B. a COLLIN ^® extruder, which is preferably fed in parallel with the polymer binder (3.) and the temperatures of z. B. 75-120 ° C, the anode mass is extruded, which is then laminated to an arrester (e.g., primed film). For example, the extrusion can lead to a 100-150 mm wide and about 10-60 μm thick film via a slot die. However, it is not limited to this.

The further processing into a composite system, preferably with interposed separator and the anode and the subsequent winding or layers, Einhausen and Poland to the finished battery can be carried out in a well-known manner.

Process variant (b)

A process variant (b) is to add the polymer binder (3.) after the above mixing step at the end to the material to be ground from (1.), (2.), (4.), (5.), (6.) Temperatures of z. Increase BRT to approx. 100 ° C. A preferred embodiment consists of mixing, after which the mixture of (1.) - (6.) Optionally via a filler neck - possibly after prior granulation - used and in the extruder (eg COLLIN ^® -2-wave Extruder) can be extruded to the above-mentioned film. In these and the following process variants, the choice of the conducting salts and the aprotic solvents and the adjusted reaction (processing) conditions determines the processing temperature.

Process variant (c)

According to a further process variant (c), the Li-intercalatable carbons (1.) with the additives according to the invention optionally with the excipients (6.) z. B. MgO and / or silicates and with the polymer binder (3.) pasted and mixed and in the extruder - such. At (a) - extruded and laminated to a primed Al trap. Before further processing to the composite system of cathode (cathode material + arrester), (if necessary separator), anode (anode material + arrester), the required amount of electrolyte (conducting salt + aprotic solvent) can be added to the electrodes (according to (c)). If Li-organylborate (eg Li-oxalatoborate) is used, this relatively temperature-stable conductive salt (4) can also be mixed directly with (1.), (2.), (6.) and (4.). When preparing the composite system, the addition of the conductive salt (4.) can then be omitted, so that then only aprotic solvent must be added.

Process variant (d)

According to a further process variant (d), the process according to (a) is generally carried out, but a low molecular weight polybutadiene oil is used as polymer binder (3.) and half of the solvent (5.) can be a methacrylate having a perfluorinated butyl radical or a pentyl radical, the remainder of (5.) may consist of a 1: 1 mixture of ethylene, propylene carbonate. The processing can be carried out via an extruder in which the mixture of (1.) - (6.) Z. B. is metered via a filler neck and z. B. from a slot die at preferably 75-80 ° C withdrawn a tough paste and on the Al-arrester (primed) can be applied.

Process variant (e)

According to one process variant (e) can be carried out after the coating principle as in (a) or (c), the Li-interkalierbarer carbon (z. B. graphite SGBL ^®) (1.) and additions to the invention (in the presence of a conducting salt 4 .) (For example Li-Oxalatoborat) and excipient (6.) (eg., MgO) can be mixed, then with vigorous stirring with N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) a finely divided flowable dispersion is produced, which in a subsequent step applied to a primed film and (eg parallel) can be processed after a continuous drying process to a thin flexible cathode layer advantageously in a thickness of 24-30 microns. When manufacturing the composite system, aprotic solvent is added to the anode produced according to (e). If no conducting salt (4.) was used, then the required conducting salt must also be added with the aprotic solvents (5.). The above-mentioned drying process for removing the solvent NMP can be designed so that parallel to the drying, the polymerization of the methacrylate alone or the copolymerization with the polybutadiene oil takes place.

Process variant (f)

According to a process variant (f) can be carried out analogously to (e), only as a polymer binder (3.) an aqueous dispersion z. B. from Dyneon THV ^® a terpolymer of VDF, HFP and a perfluoroalkoxy derivative or TTF (tetrafluoroethylene) is used. The mixing is done in the order described, but the use of NMP can be omitted. The inventive dispersion of (1.), (2.), (3.), (4.) z. B. Li-Oxalatoborat may conveniently applied with a knife to a primed Al foil and then z. B. dried in a drying tunnel. The thickness of the layer is in this case preferably 25-28 μml. For the production of a battery-compatible composite system, the cathode coating produced according to (f) is still aprotic solvent (5.) and possibly also conductive salt (4.) or Added adjuvants (6.). Details with regard to composition and preparation are not limited to the examples.

Process variant (g)

Process variant (g) is carried out according to process (e), so there is the possibility of the finished anode, ie after coating the primed conductor with the anode material - which in this case no additives according to the invention based on Alkalisolvaten and / or - complexes and / or anion. Initiators contains - on the finished anode for itself ie undiluted (g ₁ ) or in aprotic solvents or their mixture (g ₂ ) the additives of the invention (eg., As 0.1 to 30% solutions) to apply.

Likewise, the additives of the invention can be finished electrolytes z. B. Selectipur ^® LP 30, 50, 71) are added (g ₃ ), these modified with the addition of electrolytes are then used to wet the anode surface.

After these steps (g ₁ , g ₂ or g ₃ ) further assembly of the battery by inserting the separator as an insulating intermediate layer and the covering with the counter electrode - the cathode - and the subsequent further construction - winding - Einhausen - Poland, etc. to the finished battery cell ,

The anodes and battery composite systems produced by the method according to the invention are significantly improved over the prior art.

Namely, other conductive salts than LiClO ₄ , aprotic solvents other than γ-BL (γ-butyrolactone), and polymer binders other than PLEX (polymethyl methacrylate), among others, are preferably used by the method of the present invention in comparison with Reference 3. If cells are produced by the process according to the invention, which are dimensioned correspondingly to those of Examples 2 and 2 of Ref. 3, nominal capacities clearly> 15 Ah and> 30 Ah are obtained.

EXAMPLE 1

Producing the anode composition according to the invention

In a vacuum mixing dryer 40 Ma% graphite (MCMB ^®) and 51 Ma% SGB-L ^® with 8 mass% Dyneon THV 200 ^® (fluoroelastomer terpolymer) degassed for 60 minutes at room temperature and mixed, then 2% by mass sodium (microencapsulated) and 20% by mass of cyclohexanone added, mixed again under inert gas (argon) for 30 minutes and the mass in a twin-screw extruder (COLLIN ^® ) driven and applied at 80 ° C via a slot die on a Cu film (10-11 microns thick) and then in degassed an IR drying oven (under inert gas N ₂ ) at a melt temperature of 140-180 ° C. The belt speed is 1 m / min, the drying zone is 3 m long. The exhaust gas is condensed, distilled and recycled.

This is reacted with a salt solution (Selectipur ^® LP 30) of the 10% by mass of styrene was added prior to the application and lamination of the separator, impregnated.

EXAMPLE 1A

Preparation of the cathode composition

65 Ma% Li cobalt oxide, 1.5 Ma% Li-oxalatoborate are intimately ground under Ar protective gas in a ball mill at RT for 100 minutes, then the millbase is degassed at 100 ° C and 10 ^-2 torr for 60 minutes and then again under Inert gas, after addition of 16 Ma% MgO and 5 Ma% ethylene carbonate, (30-50 ° C, 60 minutes) mixed. Subsequently, 9% by mass of Dyneon THV ^200® (fluoroelastomer terpolymer) and 7.5% by mass of propylene carbonate are added and intensively mixed for 60 minutes at 80-100 ° C. in a mixer at about 40-50 rpm, the mass was added RT granulated and again at RT and 10 ^-2 Torr, degassed for 60 minutes.

EXAMPLE 2

Preparation of the anode mass with microencapsulated naphthalene

The preparation is analogous to Example 1; microencapsulated naphthalene is added in an amount of 2% by mass, instead of cyclohexanone, 10% by mass of ethylene carbonate and 5% by mass of α-methylstyrene are used; the mass is processed as described above; but not baked and dried.

For battery production, the described anode, d. H. Cu arrester foil + extruded coating combined with a separator and the corresponding counter electrode (cathode).

EXAMPLE 3

Extrusion and coating of the cathode mass, manufacture of the cathode:

The cathode composition prepared according to Example 1a was fed as granules in a twin-shaft (COLLIN ^® extruder with kneading disc and extruded at 110-120 ° C, residence time about 5-7 min., The mass was about a slot die than 150 mm wide and 30-35 microns thick layer and applied to an Al foil (with Leitruß, 30 wt .-% and Dyneon ^® THV D primed) and laminated at about 50-65 ° C to a 28-30 micron thick layer so that a cathode according to the invention was obtained.

EXAMPLE 4

Production of a battery composite system and construction of a wound cell:

The cathode prepared in Example 3 was with a separator Celgard ^®, impregnated with 0.5 M Li-Oxalatoboratlösung in dimethyl - and an anode (prepared analogously to the cathode, but without heavy metal oxides and MCMB (MesoCarbonMicroBeds) as the active anode material) is provided and Wrapped on a winding machine, ⌀ 7.2 cm. The Ableiterfolien were contacted by plasma tips, poled and the system housed in a steel cylinder.

EXAMPLE 5

As Example 4 but instead of the anode mentioned there, the anode of Example 2 is used in Example 5.

EXAMPLE 6

Loading, Forming, Cell Test:

The wound cells produced according to Example 4 or 5 were formed and loaded in a 3-step process with a current of 0.15 mA / m ² galvanostatically at 1.5 V, 2.8 V, 4.2 V and then potentiostatic at 4.2 V. Charging program and devices are from the company Digatron Aachen. The discharge was also carried out with a current of 0.15 mA / m ² up to a discharge voltage of 2.8 V. The discharge capacity is about 37.5 Ah, after 150 cycles, a fading <2.5% was detected. No significant differences were found between the anodes (1) and (2) used.

COMPARATIVE EXAMPLE 7

was worked without the addition of the invention, the cell reached under otherwise identical conditions only a discharge capacity of 25 Ah, the fading after 20 cycles was> 2.5%.

EXAMPLE 8

Producing an anode mass

According to Example 8, a mixture of MCMB ^® and SGBL ^{® was} prepared, degassed at 100 ° C and this mixture at 20-22 ° C with 20 Ma% NMP (N-methylpyrrolidone) and a mixture of 2 Ma% sodium and 3 Ma% Naphthalene and mixed under argon atmosphere for 60 minutes intensive, then this mixture was extruded using a (COLLIN ^® extruder and an unprimed Cu film applied with a thickness of 25-35 microns (corresponding to Example 1). The coated Cu foil was then dried as described above.

The manufacture of a battery combination was carried out in accordance with Example 4 EXAMPLE 8A Preparation of a Cathode Composition Exchange of Li-oxalato borate by LiPF ₆ The approach lacked Li-oxalatoborate - according to example 1 Extrusion and coating - according to example 3

Making the battery assembly system:

Instead of the 0.5 M Li-oxalatoborate solution, a 1 M LiPF ₆ solution in dimethyl carbonate / ethyl carbonate 1: 1 (v / v) was chosen.

The results of the battery test are the same as in Example 6.
Discharge capacity: ~ 37 Ah
Fading (after 150 cycles) <2.5.

EXAMPLE 9

Prepare an anode mass with polyphenylene sodium

As in Example 1, however, instead of microencapsulated sodium, 2% by mass of polyphenylene sodium (reaction product of polyphenylene with n ca. 40, with Na 1: 1, weight ratio) was added and worked up analogously.

The production of a battery combination was carried out according to Example 4

EXAMPLE 9A

Making a cathode material

The starting materials of Example 1 (without the aprotic solvents ethylene carbonate or propylene carbonate) were mixed with 5 times the amount (by weight) of NMP, the polymer binder dissolved at 30-50 ° C and the dispersion ground in a pin mill for 300 minutes intensive and then in a coating system applied to the primed Al foil (according to Example 3) and dried in an integrated drying tunnel. Coating width 148-149 mm, dry layer thickness 25-28 μm.

To produce the battery composite system (as in Ex. 8), the separator with 1 M LiPF ₆ solution (dimethyl carbonate / ethyl carbonate) soaked.

These battery test results are the same as in Example 6:
Discharge capacity: ~ 40 Ah
Fading (after 100 cycles) <2.0%.

EXAMPLE 10

Preparation of an anode mass with potassium graphite or lithium graphite (Example 10a)

• see. Lit. Hollemann-Wiberg, p. 712 [1985], Verlag W. de Gruyter, Berlin.

The preparation is analogous to the details of Example 1; It is worked under argon atmosphere and instead of the microencapsulated sodium 2 Ma% potassium graphite added and worked up as described above.

The production of a battery network is carried out according to Example 4.

EXAMPLE 10A

It is, as described in Example 10, worked but added in this case 2 Ma% lithium graphite

EXAMPLE 10B

Making a cathode material

The starting materials of Example 1, but without aniline, mixed with the 3-fold amount by weight of propylene carbonate mixed in an intensive mixer at 30-50 ° C for about 2 hours mixed and then processed through an extruder at 150-170 ° C. The mass exiting through a slot die was discharged onto a primed Al foil and formed a 150 mm wide and 30-40 μm thick layer, which was then degassed via a volume dryer. After drying, there was a 27-30 mm thick layer which was integrated into the battery system according to Example 6: The tests correspond to Examples 4, 6 and 7:
Discharge capacity: 33 Ah
Fading after 100 cycles approx. 2%.

EXAMPLE 11

The following are the physical and electrical properties of the lithium polymer batteries obtained:

Physical Properties:

• Diameter: 32 mm
• Height (w / o ends): 142 mm
• Weight: 280 g
• Volume (w / o ends): 112 cm ³
• Housing material: stainless steel

Electrical Properties

• Specific power (30 s impulse discharge): 1500 Wh / kg
• Power density (30 s impulse discharge): 3750 Wh / kg
• Nominal voltage: 3.6V
• Nominal capacity at 0.3 C: 6 Ah
• Specific energy: 77 Wh / kg
• Energy density: 193 Wh / l

EXAMPLE 12

formation

The formation of the batteries takes place at a constant current of 0.60 A up to a potential of 4.2 V and then at a constant potential of 4.2 V until the current has fallen to <0.12 A (CCCV = constant current constant voltage). The discharge takes place at 0.60 A up to the lower voltage limit of 3.0 V. Afterwards, two further cycles are carried out for quality assurance and capacity determination. The charge is done with 1.8 A to 4.2 V and at constant potential until the current has fallen below 0.18 A. The discharge takes place with 1.8 A up to the final voltage of 3.0 V.

EXAMPLE 13

cycle data

To measure the cycling stability of the battery formed in Example 4, it is charged at 3 A to 4.2 V, then recharged at 4.2 V in a constant potential phase until the current eats to below 0.3 A. The discharge takes place at 4.8 A. The lower cut-off voltage is 3.0 V. The 1 shows a plot of the specific capacity versus the number of cycles. How out 1 As can be seen, the battery obtained according to the present invention is characterized by a high cycle stability, ie the specific capacity does not decrease excessively even over large numbers of cycles.

EXAMPLE 14

Stress test at room temperature

The charge of the formed battery obtained in Example 4 is 6 A to 4.2 V, in a constant potential phase is recharged at 4.2 V until the current has fallen below 0.6 A. Discharge occurs at different currents between 6 (1Cf) and 126 (21C). The lower cut-off voltage is 2.7 V.

The 2 shows a plot of the discharge capacity versus the voltage, in which example a discharge capacity / voltage characteristic was determined for twelve different C-rates. It shows over a wide range of discharge capacity for batteries desired extremely lower drop in the voltage value.

EXAMPLE 15

Discharging at different temperatures

This test was carried out analogously to Example 14, wherein discharge profiles for different operating temperatures at a constant discharge rate of C / 2 were measured. The results are in 3 shown. As in Example 14, the batteries according to the invention show excellent voltage characteristics even at very low and comparatively high temperatures.

EXAMPLE 16

Further stress tests

For the batteries according to the present invention as prepared above, the ratio between the current on the one hand and the average voltage during the discharge on the other hand was determined for different temperatures. In the 4 The results shown illustrate the excellent characteristics of the batteries according to the invention with respect to a high voltage over a wide range of the current value, only slightly changing average voltage.

EXAMPLE 17

Available energy content (ragone plots)

For the high-energy cells, that is to say for the batteries of the present invention obtained as described above, so-called ragone plots were determined. They are in 5 illustrated. In the lower part of the specific energy only a pulse discharge over a few seconds is possible.

Claims (19)

An anode for a lithium polymer battery comprising a Li intercalatable carbon, microencapsulated alkali isolates and / or complexes, a polymer binder, a conducting salt and an aprotic solvent, wherein the alkali isolates and / or complexes are selected from the group consisting of Alkali-crown ether complexes, alkali cryptands, alkali carbanions, alkali naphthalene, polyphenylene sodium and alkali methylstyrene complexes. An anode according to claim 1, characterized in that the Li-intercalatable carbon is selected from synthetic, natural or modified graphite. Anode according to claim 1, characterized in that the polymer binder is selected from the group consisting of polyolefins, polyisobutene, polystyrene, polybutadiene, polyisoprene, copolymers of styrene with butadiene and / or isoprene as random copolymers or as anionic block copolymers, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl ethers, Capped polyethers, fluoroelastomers, or copolymers or terpolymers of these. Anode according to claim 3, characterized in that the fluoroelastomers are selected from copolymers and / or terpolymers, wherein the proportion of fluoroelastomers in the polymer mixture is 10 to 100 mass% and the terpolymers are in particular polymers of tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropene, fluoroalkoxy monomers and vinylidene fluoride , Anode according to claim 1, characterized in that the conductive salt is selected from the group consisting of Li-organyl borates, in particular Li-Oxalatoborat, LiPF ₆ , Li-trifluoromethanesulfonate, Li-trifluoromethylsulfonyl imide. An anode according to claim 1, characterized in that the aprotic solvent is selected from the group consisting of N-methylpyrrolidone, alkyl carbonate, glycol ether, perfluoroether, mono- and / or dimethacrylate having perfluorinated alkyl radicals having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and combinations thereof. Anode according to claim 1, characterized in that the anode further comprises a mineral adjuvant selected from MgO, Al ₂ O ₃ , SiO ₂ , Li-borate and silicate. Process for producing an anode according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized by the following steps: Applying the microencapsulated Alkalisolvate and / or complexes to the anode prior to producing a battery assembly system or mixing with Li-intercalatable carbon and optionally with a conductive salt, in particular based on lithium organyl borates, optionally a mineral adjuvant and / or an aprotic solvent or mixture, and a polymer binder, which is added and incorporated in or before the extruder, feeding the resulting mixture to an extruder, extruding and laminating the anode mass onto a drain foil. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that the Li-intercalatable carbon is mixed with microencapsulated Alkalisolvaten and / or complexes with the addition of conductive salt and auxiliary and then added with aprotic solvent or mixture and fed to the extruder fed with the polymer binder is discharged, and then the anode mass is discharged by means of a slot die and the resulting film is laminated to a Cu arrester foil. A method according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the conductive salt, optionally with aprotic solvent, the anode material is added to a battery composite system prior to further processing. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that the polymer binder is a grinding stock of Li-intercalatable carbon, the microencapsulated Alkalisolvaten and / or complexes, conductive salt, excipient and aprotic solvent is added, intimately mixed and then this mass, optionally extruded as granules and laminated to an anode. Method according to one of claims 8 to 11, characterized in that Li-intercalatable carbons, microencapsulated Alkalisolvate and / or complexes, conductive salt, mineral adjuvant and polymer binder with 50% by weight, based on the anode material used, an aprotic solvent, intimately and then laminated by means of the extruder as a film onto a primed Cu arrester, the film is then dried and then impregnated with an aprotic solvent or mixture before producing a battery assembly system. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that the microencapsulated Alkalisolvate and / or complexes are applied to the anode prior to producing a battery assembly system in admixture with the aprotic solvent. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that the mixture of Li-intercalatable carbon, the microencapsulated Alkalisolvaten and / or complexes, conducting salt, polymer binder and the excipient with intensive mixing in the aprotic solvent N-methylpyrrolidone is dispersed, and the resulting dispersion of Anode mass is applied in a coating system on a trap foil in a thickness of 15-50 microns. A method according to claim 14, characterized in that a crosslinkable polybutadiene oil having molecular weights of 10000-40000 is used as the polymer binder. Method according to one of claims 8 to 15, characterized in that are used as aprotic solvent Methacrylsäureoctafluorpentylester and / or perfluoroether. A method according to claim 13, characterized in that the Li-intercalatable carbons are intimately mixed with the microencapsulated Alkalisolvaten and / or complexes and the mineral adjuvant and then mixed with the polymer binder in the form of an aqueous dispersion and intimately ground, the resulting dispersion in a coating system is applied to a Cu-conductor foil and dried, and the resulting anode mass is impregnated with a thickness of 15-30 microns on the arrester foil before producing a battery composite system with conductive salt and aprotic solvent. Method according to one of claims 8 to 17, characterized in that all steps are carried out under protective gas, preferably argon. A process according to any one of claims 8 to 17, characterized in that all feeds are degassed at temperatures of 20 to 250 ° C and pressures of 0.01 Pa (10 ^-4 torr) to 13.33 Pa (10 ^-1 torr ).

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