DE102005011908A1 - Activated anode for lithium-polymer-batteries has alkali solvate and complexes as additives, lithium-polymer-battery consists of polymer binder and conducting salt and naphthalene or methylstyrol complexes are present as additives - Google Patents

Abstract

The activated anode has alkali solvate and complexes as additives. The lithium-polymer-battery consists of polymer binder and conducting salt and naphthalene or methylstyrol complexes are present as additives. The additives are present in 1.0-10 percent of mass related to the overall weight of the anode. Independent claims are also included for the following: (A) Cathode; (B) Anode and cathode (electrode); and (C) Method for the production of activated anode.

Description

The The present invention relates to activated lithium polymer batteries, in which alkali isolates and / or complexes are used. Especially The invention relates to such activated batteries improved properties, especially with regard to stability, cycle resistance as well as reduced internal resistance. Furthermore, it also refers to a method of making such activated batteries.

• Handbook of Battery Materials, ed. by. I. O. Besenhard p. 293–336 (1999) Verlag Chemie, Weinheim (Lit. 1) und Journal of Power Sources 97–98 (2001), Lithieted cobaltes for Li-ion-batteries p. 290–293, electrophoretic fabrication of LiCoO₂, p. 294–297, Modified cathodes, p. 298–312; improved cathode for Li-ion-batteries (Y doped), p. 313–315; role of nickel content, p. 316–320, nonstoichiometric LiCoO₂, p. 287–289 u. ä. (Lit. 2).

Transition Metal Oxide Electrodes z. Based on Co, Mn, V, Ti are already known and described in the literature:

• Handbook of Battery Materials, ed. IO Besenhard p. 293-336 (1999) Verlag Chemie, Weinheim (Ref. 1) and Journal of Power Sources 97-98 (2001), Lithieted cobaltes for Li-ion batteries p. 290-293, electrophoretic fabrication of LiCoO ₂ , p. 294-297, Modified cathodes, p. 298-312; improved cathode for Li-ion batteries (Y doped), p. 313-315; role of nickel content, p. 316-320, nonstoichiometric LiCoO ₂ , p. 287-289 u. a. (Ref. 2).

The usual electrodes for lithium polymer batteries contain z. B. entspr. DE 10020031 A1 (Ref.3):

there Ma means mass shares.

The Ref. 3 contains no indication of the long-term behavior of the described there Cells for 24 cycles of communicated data (of the two battery types) do not give any Conclusions on a necessary long-term behavior for commercial products.

The known in the art electrodes for lithium polymer batteries are improvable because they have insufficient electrical conductivity, relatively high electrical resistance, reduced electrical stability as well low discharge capacity and heightened Show fading (in the long-term test).

Of the The present invention is therefore based on the object improved To produce lithium polymer batteries, which show an improved performance spectrum. This task will with the according to claim 1 defined activated cathode and with the in the patent claims 14 and solved 15 methods for their preparation. preferred embodiments can be found in the subclaims.

in the Following are the preferred embodiments, advantages and Improvements made by the invention are detailed described. The electrodes, preferably the anode, separator and / or the electrolyte are the Alkalisolvate invention and / or Complexes added, either microencapsulated as mixture components or only as additives, e.g. before assembling and making the Trilaminates.

• H. G. Elias, Makromoleküle Bd. 2, Seite 255, 700, 709 [1992] Hüthig u. Wepf Verlag, Basel, und in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry Vol. 16, p. 575/87 [1990], Verlag VCH, Weinheim und DE 101 51 830 vom 30. April 2003.

This measure according to the invention is novel and advantageous in several respects. The production of microcapsules is described in reference 4:

• HG Elias, Macromolecules Vol. 2, page 255, 700, 709 [1992] Hüthig et al. Wepf Verlag, Basel, and in Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry Vol. 16, p. 575/87 [1990], publishing house VCH, Weinheim and DE 101 51 830 from April 30, 2003.

The electric conductivity will be improved.

The Wetting of the active electrode material with the electrolyte salt and electrolyte and with the solvent (or solvents) (n) is significantly increased, leading for the formation of electrical traces and reduction of the Resistance. The addition of the additives according to the invention to the Li-intercalated Graphite and the Li heavy metal oxide shows a surprising synergistic Effect especially in terms of electrical stability and reduced Failure mechanisms.

This synergistic effect is all the more beneficial as these components also by side reaction resulting and disturbing acid intercept and parallel the conductivity increase. The inventive method It consists in combining the additives according to the invention with the Li-intercalatable carbon synthetically natural or use modified graphite and their mixture (reference 5 describes the additives of the invention Alkali Isolates and / or Complexes: Advanced Organic Chemistry, I. March - Wiley N.Y. 1985 Naked anoins, p. 322, crownether p. 77-79, cryptants 78, carbonions 141, 151-162, and Houben Weyl, Makromolekulare Stoffe Bd. E20 / 1, 1987, Georg Thieme Verlag, Stuttgart, anion. Initiators p. 116). It can be one special mixing and application technology as arrester coating used for battery cathodes become. This is the proportion of heavy metal oxides or mixtures thereof is preferably 75-92% by mass, the addition of the additives according to the invention is preferably 1.5-10 Mass%, the polymer binder content preferably 3-10 mass%, the Leitsalzmenge preferably 0.5-10 Mass%, the amount of solvent aprotic solvent preferably 10-20 Mass% and the amount of optional additives preferably 0.1-10% by mass.

Anode constituents:

• 1. Li-intercalatable carbons: preferably synthetic natural or modified graphites alone or in combination.
• 2. alkali isolates and / or complexes, as well as anion. initiators in particular pyrrole, thiophene, aniline, optionally microencapsulated be admixed or as additives to the surface of the Anode - before the Assembly - about that Trilaminate - cathode / separator / anode - are added.
• 3. Polymer binders: suitable in particular polymers based on polyolefins, polyisobutene, polystyrene, polybutadiene, polyisoprene, copolymers of styrene with butadiene and / or isoprene as random copolymers or anionically produced block polymers; Furthermore, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl ethers, polyethers with capped end groups z. B. with CH ₃ - and / or CH ₂ = C (CH ₃ ) CO-, further fluoroelastomers z. B. copolymers, which may be used in admixture with the above-mentioned polymers, wherein the proportion of fluoroelastomer copolymers in the polymer mixture is preferably 10-90%, further fluoroelastomer terpolymers, which are alone or in admixture with the above-mentioned polymers can be used. The terpolymers are in particular polymers of tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropene, fluoroalkoxy monomers and / or vinylidene fluoride.
• 4. Suitable conductive salts are in particular: Li organylborates z. B. Li-Oxalatoborat, LiPF ₆ , Li-triflates, Li-Trifluormethylsulfonylimide u. ä. according to ref. 1 p. 462-463.
• 5. Aprotic solvents are preferably alkyl carbonates u. Ä. according to Ref. 1, p. 459-461, further Glycol ethers, as well as low molecular weight fluoroethers and mono- and di-methacrylates with perfluorinated alkyl radicals with C2-C20, preferably C3-C15, or N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP).
• 6. Additives that can be used optionally are indifferent auxiliaries which serve to improve the electrode masses and structure porosity and trapping reaction z. B. of acids and interfering components. Preferred auxiliaries are selected from MgO, Al ₂ O ₃ , SiO ₂ but also Li-borate, silicates, cement u. .. They can be alone or in combination.

to Production of the cathode according to the method of the invention can preferably the following process variants used with good results All starting materials are under protective gas - preferably Argon - processed.

All starting materials are degassed before use at temperatures z. B. from 20 ° C to 250 ° C and under pressures of z. 760 Torr to 10 ^-4 Torr, preferably at room temperature to 110 ° C and pressures of 0.1 to 0.01 Torr (10 ^-1 to 10 ^-2 ).

Process variant (a)

The processing of the anode components (1. to 6.) is advantageously carried out by mixing the Li-intercalatable carbons (1.) with the microencapsulated additives (2.) with the addition of indifferent auxiliaries (6.) and optionally the conductive salts (4.), preferably the Li organo-globorate. After mixing the components listed above z. B. in a Voith mixer ultrasonic bath o. Ä. Under inert gas at temperatures of z. B. -20 to 100 ° C, preferably at RT to 50 ° C, according to a preferred embodiment (a) the conductive salt (4.), if it was not already added, with the solvent (5.) added and can as Dispersion z. B. 30-60 minutes under the conditions specified above and then z. B. fed to a Collin extruder, which is preferably fed in parallel with the polymer binder (3.) and the temperatures of z. B. 75-120 ° C, the anode mass is extruded, which is then laminated to an arrester (e.g., primed film). For example, the extrusion can lead to a 100-150 mm wide and about 10-60 μm thick film via a slot die. However, it is not limited to this.

The Further processing to a composite system preferably with zwischengelagertem Separator and the anode and the subsequent winding or layers, Einhausen and Poland to the finished battery can be well-known Manner performed become.

Process variant (b)

A Process variant (b) consists in the polymer binder (3.) after the above mixing step finally to the millbase (1.), (2.), (4.), (5.), (6.) at temperatures of z. B.R.T. up to approx. 100 ° C incorporate. A preferred embodiment consists of Mixing, after which the mixture of (1.) - (6.), if necessary, via a Filler neck - possibly. after previous granulation - used and in the extruder (eg Collin 2-shaft extruder) to the above Foil can be extruded. In these and the following process variants determines the choice of the conducting salts and the aprotic solvents and the adjusted reaction (processing) conditions Processing temperature.

Process variant (c)

According to one further process variant (c), the Li-intercalatable Carbons (1.) with the additives according to the invention optionally with the Excipients (6.) z. As MgO and / or silicates and with the polymer binder (3.) and pasted in the extruder - such. At (a) - extruded, and laminated to a primed Al trap. Before the Further processing to the composite system of cathode (cathode material + Arrester), (if necessary separator), anode (anode material + arrester) the electrodes (according to (c)) the required amount of electrolyte (Conducting salt + aprotic solvent) added become. Is Li-organylborate (eg Li-oxalatoborate) used, so this relatively temperature-stable conductive salts (4) also directly with (1.), (2.), (6.) and (4.) are mixed. When manufacturing of the composite system can then be omitted the addition of the conductive salt (4.), so that then only aprotic solvent can be added got to.

Process variant (d)

According to one Another process variant (d) is generally according to the method (a) worked, but as a polymer binder (3.) a low molecular weight polybutadiene used and half of the solvent (5.) may be a methacrylate with a perfluorinated butyl radical or Pentyl radical, the remainder of (5.) may be from a 1: 1 mixture consist of ethylene, propylene carbonate. The processing can be done via a Extruder carried out in which the mixture of (1.) - (6.) Z. B. over a filler pipe is metered in and z. B. from a slot die at preferably 75-80 ° C a tough paste deducted and applied to the Al trap (primed) can.

Process variant (e)

According to a variant of the method (s) (as graphite SGBL ^® z.) Can after the coating principle as in (a) or (c) can be used, wherein Li-interkalierbarer carbon (. 1), and additives according to the invention in the presence of supporting electrolyte (4 .) (For example Li-Oxalatoborat) and excipient (6.) (eg., MgO) can be mixed, then with vigorous stirring with N-methylpyrrolidone (NMP) a finely divided flowable dispersion is produced, which in a subsequent step applied to a primed film and (eg parallel) can be processed after a continuous drying process to a thin flexible cathode layer advantageously in a thickness of 24-30 microns. When manufacturing the composite system, aprotic solvent is added to the anode produced according to (e). If no conducting salt (4.) was used, then the required conducting salt must also be added with the aprotic solvents (5.). The above-mentioned drying process for removing the solvent NMP can be designed so that parallel to the drying, the polymerization of the methacrylate alone or the copolymerization with the polybutadiene oil takes place.

Process variant (f)

According to a process variant (f) can be carried out analogously to (e), only as a polymer binder (3.) an aqueous dispersion z. From Dyneon THV® ^, a terpolymer of VDF, HFP and a perfluoroalkoxy derivative or TTF (tetrafluoroethene). The mixing is done in the order described, but the use of NMP can be omitted. The inventive dispersion of (1.), (2.), (3.), (4.) z. B. Li-Oxalatoborat may conveniently applied with a knife to a primed Al foil and then z. B. dried in a drying tunnel. The thickness of the layer is in this case preferably 25-28 μml. To prepare a battery-compatible composite system, aprotic solvent (5.) and, if appropriate, conductive salt (4.) or auxiliaries (6.) are added to the cathode coating prepared according to (f). Details with regard to composition and preparation are not limited to the examples.

Process variant (g)

Process variant (g) is carried out according to process (e), so there is the possibility of the finished anode, ie after coating the primed conductor with the anode material - which in this case no additives according to the invention based on Alkalisolvaten and / or - complexes and / or anion. Initiators contains - on the finished anode for itself ie undiluted (g ₁ ) or in aprotic solvents or their mixture (g ₂ ) the additives of the invention (eg., As 0.1 to 30% solutions) to apply.

Likewise, the additives of the invention can be finished electrolytes z. B. LP 30, 50, 71 ^® battery electrolyte Selectipur (Merck) are added (g ₃ ), these modified with the addition of electrolytes are then used to wet the anode surface.

After these steps (g ₁ , g ₂ or g ₃ ) further assembly of the battery by inserting the separator as an insulating intermediate layer and the covering with the counter electrode - the cathode - and the subsequent further construction - winding - Einhausen - Poland, etc. to the finished battery cell ,

The by the method according to the invention manufactured anodes and battery composite systems are compared to the State of the art significantly improved.

Namely, other conductive salts than LiClO ₄ , aprotic solvents other than γ-BL (γ-butyrolactone), and polymer binders other than PLEX (polymethyl methacrylate), among others, are preferably used by the method of the present invention in comparison with Reference 3. If cells are produced by the process according to the invention, which are dimensioned correspondingly to those of Examples 2 and 2 of Ref. 3, nominal capacities clearly> 15 Ah and> 30 Ah are obtained.

example 1

Producing the anode composition according to the invention

In a vacuum mixing dryer 40 Ma% graphite (MCMB ^® Osakagas) and 51 Ma% SGB-L ^® (Krophmühl) with 8 Ma% Dyneon THV 200 ^® (fluoroelastomer terpolymer 3M Comp.) Degassed at room temperature for 60 minutes and then mixed 2 Ma% sodium (microencapsulated) and 20% by mass of cyclohexanone added again mixed under inert gas (argon) and the mass in a twin-screw extruder (Collin) and at 80 ° C via a slot die on a Cu foil (Gould, 10 -11 microns thick) and then degassed in an IR drying oven (under inert gas N ₂ ) at a melt temperature of 140-180 ° C. The belt speed is 1 m / min, the drying zone is 3 m long. The exhaust gas is condensed, distilled and recycled.

This is was added with a salt solution (Selectipur battery electrolyte LP 30 ^®, Fa. Merck) to 10 Ma% styrene prior to the application and lamination of the separator, impregnated.

Example 1a

Preparation of the cathode composition

65 Ma% Li cobalt oxide, 1.5 Ma% Li-oxalatoborate are intimately ground under Ar protective gas in a ball mill at RT for 100 minutes, then the millbase is degassed at 100 ° C and 10 ^-2 torr for 60 minutes and then again under Inert gas, after addition of 16 Ma% MgO and 5 Ma% ethylene carbonate, (30-50 ° C, 60 minutes) mixed. Subsequently, 9% by mass of Dyneon THV ^200® (fluoroelastomer terpolymer) and 7.5% by mass of propylene carbonate are added and intensively mixed for 60 minutes at 80-100 ° C. in a mixer at about 40-50 rpm, the mass was added RT granulated and again at RT and 10 ^-2 Torr, degassed for 60 minutes.

Example 2

manufacturing the anode mass with microencapsulated naphthalene

The Manufacture takes place analogously to Example 1; microencapsulated naphthalene is added in an amount of 2% by mass, instead of cyclohexanone 10 Ma% ethylene carbonate and 5 Ma% α-methylstyrene used Mass is processed as described above; but not baked and dried.

to Battery production is the described anode, d. H. Cu conductor foil + extruded coating with a separator and the corresponding Counterelectrode (cathode) combined.

Example 3

Extrusion and coating the cathode ground, making the cathode:

The prepared according to Example 1a cathode material was as granules in a twin-shaft Colline extruder fed with kneading disk and extruded at 110-120 ° C, residence time approx. 5-7 min., the mass was over one slot die as a 150 mm wide and about 30-35 microns thick layer discharged and onto an Al foil (with Leitruß) 30 wt .-% and Dyneon THV D primed) and at about 50-65 ° C to a 28-30 microns thick layer laminated so that a cathode according to the invention was obtained.

Example 4

Creating a battery combination system and construction of a winding cell:

The cathode prepared in Example 3 was with a separator Celgard ^®, impregnated with 0.5 M Li-Oxalatoboratlösung in dimethyl - and an anode (prepared analogously to the cathode, but as the active anode mass without heavy metal oxides and MCMB (MesoCarbonMicroBeds)) provided and Wrapped on a winding machine, ∅ 7.2 cm. The Ableiterfolien were contacted by plasma tips, poled and the system housed in a steel cylinder.

Example 5

as Example 4 but instead of the anode mentioned there is in the example 5 used the anode of Example 2.

Example 6

Loading, Forming, Cell Test:

The wound cells produced according to Example 4 or 5 were formed and loaded in a 3-step process with a current of 0.15 mA / m ² galvanostatically at 1.5 V, 2.8 V, 4.2 V and then potentiostatic at 4.2 V. Charging program and devices are from the company Digatron Aachen. The discharge was also carried out with a current of 0.15 mA / m ² up to a discharge voltage of 2.8 V. The discharge capacity is about 37.5 Ah, after 150 cycles, a fading <2.5% was detected. No significant differences were found between the anodes (1) and (2) used.

Comparative Example 7

has been without the additive according to the invention worked, so reached the cell under otherwise equal conditions only one discharge capacity from 25 Ah, the fading after 20 cycles was> 2.5%.

Example 8

Producing an anode mass

According to Example 8, a mixture of MCMB ^® and SGBL ^{® was} prepared, degassed at 100 ° C and this mixture at 20-22 ° C with 20 Ma% NMP (N-methylpyrrolidone) and a mixture of 2 Ma% sodium and 3 Ma% Naphthalene was added and intensively mixed under argon atmosphere for 60 minutes, then this mixture was extruded using a Collin extruder and applied to an unprimed Gould Cu film having a thickness of 25-35 microns (corresponding to Example 1). The coated Cu foil was then dried as described above.

The Producing a battery combination was carried out according to Example 4

Example 8a

manufacturing a cathode mass

Exchange of Li-oxalato borate by LiPF ₆

• In the beginning, Li-oxalatoborate was missing - according to example 1
• Extrusion and coating - acc. Example 3

Making the battery assembly system:

• Instead of the 0.5 M Li-oxalatoborate solution, a 1 M LiPF ₆ solution in dimethyl carbonate / ethyl carbonate 1: 1 (v / v) was chosen.

• Entladekapazität: ~ 37 Ah
• Fading (nach 150 Zyklen) < 2,5.

The results of the battery test are the same as in Example 6.

• Discharge capacity: ~ 37 Ah
• Fading (after 150 cycles) <2.5.

Example 9

Produce an anode mass with polyphenylene sodium

Corresponding Example 1 was worked, but instead of microencapsulated sodium 2 Ma% polyphenylene sodium (reaction product of polyphenylene with n about 40, with Na 1: 1, weight ratio) was added and analog worked up.

The Producing a battery combination was carried out according to Example 4

Example 9a

Produce a cathode mass

The Starting materials of Example 1 (without the aprotic solvents Ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate, respectively) were added at 5 times the amount (Amount by weight) of NMP added, the polymer binder dissolved at 30-50 ° C and the Dispersion in a pin mill Milled intensively for 300 minutes and then in a coating plant applied to the primed Al foil (according to Example 3) and dried in an integrated drying tunnel. coating width 148-149 mm, thickness of the dry layer 25-28 microns.

To produce the battery composite system (as in Ex. 8), the separator with 1 M LiPF ₆ solution (dimethyl carbonate / ethyl carbonate) soaked.

These battery test results are the same as in Example 6:
Discharge capacity: ~ 40 Ah
Fading (after 100 cycles) <2.0%.

Example 10

Producing an anode mass with potassium graphite or lithium graphite (Example 10a)

see. Lit. Hollemann-Wiberg, p. 712 [1985], Verlag W. de Gruyter, Berlin.

The Preparation is analogous to the details of Example 1; it will under argon atmosphere worked and instead of microencapsulated sodium 2 Ma% potassium graphite added and worked up as described above.

The Creating a battery network is carried out according to Example 4.

Example 10a

It is, as described in Example 10, but worked in this Case 2 Ma% lithium graphite added

Example 10b

Making a cathode material

The starting materials of Example 1 but without aniline, mixed with the 3-fold amount by weight of propylene carbonate mixed in an intensive mixer at 30-50 ° C for about 2 hours mixed and then processed through an extruder at 150-170 ° C. The mass exiting through a slot die was discharged onto a primed Al foil and formed a 150 mm wide and 30-40 μm thick layer, which was then degassed via a volume dryer. After drying, there was a 27-30 mm thick layer which was integrated into the battery system according to Example 6: The tests correspond to Examples 4, 6 and 7:
Discharge capacity: 33 Ah
Fading after 100 cycles approx. 2%.

Example 11

in the Following are the physical and electrical properties of the obtained lithium polymer batteries listed:

Physical Properties:

• Diameter: 32 mm
• height (w / o ends): 142 mm
• Weight: 280 g
• Volume (w / o ends): 112 cm ³
• Housing material: stainless steel

Electrical Properties

• Specific power (30 s impulse discharge): 1500 Wh / kg
• Power density (30 s impulse discharge): 3750 Wh / kg
• Nominal voltage: 3.6V
• nominal capacity at 0.3 C: 6 Ah
• Specific energy: 77 Wh / kg
• Energy density: 193 Wh / l

Example 12

formation

The formation of the batteries takes place at a constant current of 0.60 A up to a potential of 4.2 V and then at a constant potential of 4.2 V until the current has fallen to <0.12 A (CCCV = constant current constant voltage). The discharge takes place at 0.60 A up to the lower voltage limit of 3.0 V. Afterwards, two further cycles are carried out for quality assurance and capacity determination. The charge is done with 1.8 A to 4.2 V and at constant potential until the current has fallen below 0.18 A. The discharge takes place with 1.8 A up to the final voltage of 3.0 V.

Example 13

cycle data

To measure the cycling stability of the battery formed in Example 4, it is charged at 3 A to 4.2 V, then recharged at 4.2 V in a constant potential phase until the current eats to below 0.3 A. The discharge takes place at 4.8 A. The lower cut-off voltage is 3.0 V. The 1 shows a plot of the specific capacity versus the number of cycles. How out 1 As can be seen, the battery obtained according to the present invention is characterized by a high cycle stability, ie the specific capacity does not decrease excessively even over large numbers of cycles.

Example 14

Stress test at room temperature

The Charge of the formed battery obtained in Example 4 takes place with 6 A to 4.2 V, in a constant potential phase is at 4.2 V is charged until the current has fallen below 0.6A. The discharge occurs at different currents between 6 (1Cf) and 126 (21C). The lower cut-off voltage is 2.7 V.

The 2 shows a plot of the discharge capacity versus the voltage, in which example a discharge capacity / voltage characteristic was determined for twelve different C-rates. It shows over a wide range of discharge capacity for batteries desired extremely lower drop in the voltage value.

Example 15

Unloading at different temperatures

This test was carried out analogously to Example 14, wherein discharge profiles for different operating temperatures at a constant discharge rate of C / 2 were measured. The results are in 3 shown. As in Example 14, the batteries according to the invention show excellent voltage characteristics even at very low and comparatively high temperatures.

Example 16

Further stress tests

For the batteries according to the present invention as prepared above, the ratio between the current on the one hand and the average voltage during the discharge on the other hand was determined for different temperatures. In the 4 The results shown illustrate the excellent characteristics of the batteries according to the invention with respect to a high voltage over a wide range of the current value, only slightly changing average voltage.

Example 17

Available energy content (ragone plots)

For the high energy cells, ie for the batteries obtained as above, of the present invention, so-called ragone plots were determined. They are in 5 illustrated. In the lower part of the specific energy only a pulse discharge over a few seconds is possible.

Claims (27)

Activated anode for lithium-polymer batteries, comprising: polymer binder and conductive salt, characterized in that it comprises alkali isolates and / or complexes as additive. Anode according to claim 1, characterized in that the additive is alkali isolates and / or complexes. Anode according to claim 1, characterized in that as an additive Alkalisolvate and / or complexes are present. Anode according to claim 1, characterized in that as an additive naphthalene and / or methylstyrene complexes are present. Anode according to claim 1 or 2, characterized that the additions in an amount of 1.0-10 mass%, based on the total weight of the anodes. Anode according to claims 1-5, characterized that Li intercalatable carbons in the form of synthetic or natural Graphite alone or in combination in quantities of 75-90% by mass available. Cathode, characterized in that the Li-intercalatable Heavy metal oxide selected is of oxides of Mn, Ni, Co, V, Cr, Mo, Ti, alone or in combination and in quantities of 75-92 Mass% is present. Anode and cathode (electrodes), characterized that the polymer binder is selected is made of polyolefins, polyisobutene, polystyrene, polybutadiene, polyisoprene, Copolymers of styrene with butadiene and / or isoprene as a statistical Copolymers or anionic block polymers, also polyvinylpyrrolidone, Polyvinyl ethers, capped end-capped polyethers, or fluoroelastomers, including Copolymers and terpolymers of these, alone or in combination. Anode and cathode (electrodes) according to claim 8, characterized in that the fluoroelastomers are selected from copolymers and / or Terpolymers, wherein the proportion of fluoroelastomers in the polymer mixture 10-100% is and terpolymers, in particular of tetrafluoroethylene, hexafluoropropene, Fluoroalkoxy monomers and / or vinylidene fluoride. Anode and cathode (electrodes) according to claim 8 and 9, characterized in that the polymer binder in amounts of 5-10 mass% is present. Anode and cathode (electrodes) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conducting salt is selected from LiBF ₄ , Li-Organylboraten, LiPF ₆ , Li-triflates, Li-Trifluormethylsulfonylimiden and their derivatives and in amounts of 0.5 to 15 Mass% is present. Anode and cathode (electrodes) according to one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the electrodes are aprotic solvent selected from N-methylpyrrolidone, Alkyl carbonates, glycol ethers, perfluoroethers, and mono- and / or dimethacrylates with perfluorinated alkyl radicals having 2-20 carbon atoms, alone or in combination. Anode and cathode (electrodes) according to claim 12, characterized in that the aprotic solvent in amounts of 5-30 mass% is present. Anode and cathode (electrodes) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the electrodes further comprise an excipient selected from MgO, Al ₂ O ₃ , SiO ₂ , Li-borate, silicate or other mineral fillers in amounts of 0.5-20 Contains% by mass. Process for producing an activated anode according to claim 1, characterized by the following steps: Mix Li-intercalatable carbon with the Alkalisolvaten invention and / or complexes as an additive and based on a conductive salt of lithium organyl borates, an adjuvant and / or an aprotic solvent or mixtures of these, as well as a polymer binder, feeding the obtained mixture to an extruder, extruding an anode mass and laminating the extruded anode mass onto a drain foil. A method according to claim 15, characterized in that the mixture of Li-intercalatable carbons with microencapsulated additives according to the invention and optionally conductive salt and auxiliaries is mixed and then mixed with aprotic solvent or mixtures of these and fed to an extruder which is fed with the polymer binder, and then the anode mass by means of a wide slit nozzle is discharged and the resulting film is laminated to a Cu-Ableiterfolie. Method according to claim 15 or 16, characterized that the conducting salt, optionally with aprotic solvent the anode mass is added to the battery composite system prior to lamination. Method according to claim 16, characterized in that that the polymer binder is made of the regrind of Li-intercalable carbons, the alkali isolates and / or complexes additives Conducting salt, excipient and aprotic solvent is added, is intimately mixed and then this mass, optionally as granules, extruded and laminated to an anode. Method according to one of claims 14 to 17, characterized that Li-intercalatable Carbons, alkali isolates and / or complexes as additives, conductive salt, Excipient and polymer binder with 50%, based on the used Anode mass, an aprotic solvent added, intimately mixed and then by means of an extruder as a film laminated to a primed Cu arrester, the film then dried and then before making the battery assembly system with aprotic solvent soaked alone or in admixture with other aprotic solvents. Method according to claim 19, characterized that the alkali isolates and / or complexes prior to preparing the Battery assembly system for applied to the anode, or mixed with the aprotic solvents become. Method according to claim 15, characterized in that that the mixture of Li-intercalatable Carbon, the additive according to the invention, Conducting salt, polymer binder and, if necessary, excipient with intensive mixing with the aprotic solvent N-methylpyrrolidone is formed into a dispersion, and the resulting dispersion the anode mass on a coating system in a defined thickness is applied to an arrester foil in a thickness of 15-50 microns. Method according to claims 8 and 21, characterized in that as polymer binder a crosslinkable polybutadiene oil with molecular weights from 10000-40000 is used. Method according to one of claims 15-22, characterized that as an aprotic solvent Methacrylsäureoctafluorpentylester and / or perfluoroethene. Method according to claim 20, characterized in that that the Li-intercalatable carbons with the Alkalisolvaten invention and / or complexes and the excipient are intimately mixed and then added to the polymer binder in the form of an aqueous dispersion and intimately ground, the resulting dispersion on a Coating plant applied to a Cu film and dried is, and the resulting cathode mass with a thickness of 15-30 microns on the Arrester foil before producing the battery composite system with Conducting salt and aprotic solvent soaked becomes. Method according to one of claims 15 to 23, characterized that all steps are carried out under protective gas, preferably argon. Method according to one of claims 15 to 25, characterized in that all starting materials are degassed at temperatures of 20 to 250 ° C and pressures of 760 Torr to 10 ^-4 Torr. Method according to claim 23, characterized that the alkali isolates according to the invention and / or Complexes with aprotic solvent combined and with this modified electrolyte the mass soaked becomes.