DE1078283B - Process for enveloping or embedding active pharmaceutical ingredients - Google Patents
Process for enveloping or embedding active pharmaceutical ingredientsInfo
- Publication number
- DE1078283B DE1078283B DEF25945A DEF0025945A DE1078283B DE 1078283 B DE1078283 B DE 1078283B DE F25945 A DEF25945 A DE F25945A DE F0025945 A DEF0025945 A DE F0025945A DE 1078283 B DE1078283 B DE 1078283B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- enveloping
- active pharmaceutical
- pharmaceutical ingredients
- embedding active
- particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 title description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940127557 pharmaceutical product Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/14—Particulate form, e.g. powders, Processes for size reducing of pure drugs or the resulting products, Pure drug nanoparticles
- A61K9/16—Agglomerates; Granulates; Microbeadlets ; Microspheres; Pellets; Solid products obtained by spray drying, spray freeze drying, spray congealing,(multiple) emulsion solvent evaporation or extraction
- A61K9/1682—Processes
- A61K9/1694—Processes resulting in granules or microspheres of the matrix type containing more than 5% of excipient
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Acyclic And Carbocyclic Compounds In Medicinal Compositions (AREA)
Description
Verfahren zur Umhüllung oder Einbettung von pharmazeutischen Wirkstoffen Will man die Wirkung pharmazeutischer Wirkstoffe nach der Verabreichung an den Patienten über eine längere Zeit auf einer möglichst konstanten Höhe halten, so umhüllt man die Teilchen des Wirkstoffes bekanntermaßen mit inerten Stoffen oder bettet sie in diese ein. Die Wirkstoffe beginnen dann erst nach dem Abbau des Umhüllungsstoffes durch dieKörpersäfte das Patienten zu wirken.Process for encasing or embedding active pharmaceutical ingredients Do you want to see the effects of active pharmaceutical ingredients after administration to the patient? Keeping it at as constant a height as possible over a longer period of time is how you envelop the particles of the active ingredient known to be with inert substances or embeds them in this one. The active ingredients then only begin after the wrapping material has broken down to act through the body fluids of the patient.
Es ist bekannt, zur Erzielung dieses Depoteffektes die Teilchen des Wirkstoffes, entweder einzeIn oder schon zu Gruppen agglomeriert, in geschmolzene oder gelöste, meist wachsartige inerte Stoffe einzumischen und die so hergestellten Dispersionen sodann über Düsen in Luft oder Gase einzublasen. Dort erstarrt der Hüllstoff durch Entzug der Schmelzwärme oder des Lösemittels zu kleinen, vorwiegend runden Teilchen. It is known to achieve this depot effect, the particles of the Active ingredient, either singly or already agglomerated into groups, in molten or to mix in dissolved, mostly waxy inert substances and the so produced Then blow dispersions into air or gases through nozzles. There it freezes Wrapping material too small, mainly due to the removal of the heat of fusion or the solvent round particles.
Dabei verwendet man im ersten Fall kalte, im zweiten Fall dagegen erwärmte Luft oder Gase. Cold ones are used in the first case and against it in the second heated air or gases.
Als Apparatur wird gewöhnlich ein mit einer sogenannten Zweistoffdüse ausgerüsteter »Zerstäubung,=strockner« verwendet, in dessen Arbeitsraum die versprühten Tröpfchen fest werden. The apparatus used is usually one with a so-called two-fluid nozzle equipped »atomization, = dryer« used, in whose work area the sprayed Droplets become solid.
Ein Nachteil besteht bei der Verwendung dieser für den Sprühvorgang an sich vorteilhaften Zweistoffdüse darin, daß durch Abkühlen des expandierenden Treibgases der Hüll- oder Bettungsstoff im Düsenmund vorzeitig erstarrt und ihn zusetzt. Um diesen Störeffekt zu vermeiden, mußte man das Treibgas vorher so hoch erwärmen, daß seine Temperatur nach der Expansion noch über der Schmelztemperatur des Umhüllungsstoffes liegt. Da diese um 750 C liegt, muß man erfahrungsgemäß das Treibgas (Luft) vor der Düse auf mindestens 1300 C halten. Andererseits nimmt die der Düse zufließende Suspension aus Hüllstoffschmelze und Wirkstoffteilchen während ihres Laufes durch ein vom erhitzten Treibgas umgebenes, enges Rohr die Temperatur des Gases an, so daß man empfindliche Stoffe, die z. B. höchstens auf 1200 C erwärmt werden dürfen, nach diesem Verfahren nicht verarbeiten kann. There is a disadvantage in using this for the spraying process in itself advantageous two-fluid nozzle in that by cooling the expanding Propellant gas the envelope or bedding material in the nozzle mouth solidifies prematurely and him clogs. In order to avoid this disruptive effect, the propellant had to be so high beforehand heat so that its temperature after expansion is still above the melting temperature of the wrapping material lies. Since this is around 750 C, experience has shown that this is necessary Maintain propellant gas (air) in front of the nozzle at at least 1300 C. On the other hand, she takes the nozzle flowing suspension of coating material melt and active ingredient particles during its course through a narrow pipe surrounded by the heated propellant gas, the temperature of the gas, so that sensitive substances such. B. heated to a maximum of 1200 C. cannot process according to this procedure.
Hier hilft nun die erfindungsgemäße Verwendung von Wasserdampf als Treibgas, da dieser infolge seiner besonders günstig liegenden physikalischen Daten, z. B. Verdampfungswärme, spezifische Wärmen, Masse, Zähigkeit, bei gleicher Entspannungstemperatur im Vergleich zur Luft weniger hoch vorgewärmt zu werden braucht. Es genügen im genannten Fall 1200 C. Die geringere Abkühlung des Dampfes nach der Entspannung gestattet es also ohne weiteres, die geschilderte Temperaturempflndlichkeit der Wirkstoffe zu berücksichtigen. Zu diesem Vorteil in der Verwendung von Treibdampf kommen noch folgende hinzu: Bei gleicher durchgesetzter Wirkstoffmenge und gleichem Druckgefälle in der Düse werden die durch Dampf zersprühten Tröpfchen wegen seiner geringen Masse und übertragenen Stoßenergie größer als mit Luft zersprühte. Daher erhält man auf diese Weise eine geringere Gesamtoberfläche aller Teilchen, was dem angestrebten »Depot-Effekt« zugute kommt. The use of water vapor according to the invention as a Propellant gas, as this, due to its particularly favorable physical data, z. B. heat of vaporization, specific heat, mass, toughness, at the same expansion temperature does not need to be preheated as much as air. Suffice it to say Case 1200 C. The lesser cooling of the steam after relaxation is permitted So without further ado, the described temperature sensitivity of the active ingredients to consider. There is also this advantage in the use of motive steam The following are added: With the same amount of active ingredient and the same pressure gradient In the nozzle, the droplets sprayed by steam are due to its low mass and transmitted impact energy greater than with air atomized. Hence one receives on this way, a smaller total surface area of all particles, which is what is sought »Depot effect« benefits.
Weiterhin beobachtet man, daß die mit Dampf versprühen Teilchen bei oder vor der Erstarrung im Sprühraum des Apparates weniger agglomerieren als die mit Luft versprühten des gleichen Stoffes. Dies tritt sogar auch dann noch ein, wenn man zur schnellen Abfuhr der Schmelzwärme die Tröpfchen nicht in gekiihlte Luft oder Gase hineinsprüht, sondern in einen zweiten Sprühschleier kalten Wassers. Wir glauben, daß dies durch den Kondensatfilm, der sich auf allen im Dampf fliegenden Teilchen spontan bei der Abkühlung bildet, bedingt ist. Sprühwasser allein verteilt sich auf die fliegenden Teilchen ohne Zweifel nicht so schnell und gleichmäßig. Furthermore, it is observed that the particles sprayed with steam at or agglomerate less than that before solidification in the spray chamber of the apparatus sprayed with air of the same substance. This still occurs even if, in order to dissipate the heat of fusion quickly, the droplets are not placed in cooled Air or gases are sprayed into it, but into a second spray curtain of cold water. We believe that this is due to the film of condensate that is flying on all in the steam Particle forms spontaneously on cooling, is conditional. Spray water distributed alone on the flying particles undoubtedly not as quickly and evenly.
Als weitere Vorteile des Dampfes als Treibmittel sind seine chemische Reinheit und die Abwesenheit von Sauerstoff zu nennen, die sinngemäß den pharmazeutischen Stoffen bzw. den eventuell zugesetzten Vitaminen zugute kommen. Other advantages of steam as a propellant are its chemical properties Purity and the absence of oxygen should be mentioned, analogously to the pharmaceutical Substances or any added vitamins benefit.
Die erfindungsgemäße Erstarrung der dampfversprühen Teilchen im nachgeschalteten Wasserschleier geht schneller vor sich als in entsprechend kühlen Gasen. The inventive solidification of the vapor-atomized particles in the downstream Water veil moves faster than in correspondingly cool gases.
Infolge der so verbesserten Abfuhr der in den Hüllstofftröpfchen enthaltenen Erstarrungswärme sowie der latenten Wärme des Treibdampfes wird die Abmessung eines technischen Apparates wesentlich kleiner. Man arbeitet nur noch mit einem Rohr, dessen Inhalt etwa 20°/o eines üblichen »Zerstäubungstrockners« beträgt, wobei jedoch hier keine Trocknung vollzogen wird. As a result of the improved removal of the droplets in the coating material contained solidification heat and the latent heat of the motive steam is the Dimensions of a technical apparatus are much smaller. You just work with a pipe whose Contents about 20% of a conventional "spray dryer" is, but no drying is carried out here.
PATENTASPROCHEI 1. Verfahren zur Umhüllung oder Einbettung von pharmazeutischen Wirkstoffen durch bzw. in inerte Stoffe mittels Versprühen einer aus den ge- schmolzenen, meist wachsartigen inerten Stoffen und den Wirkstoffen bestehenden flüssigen Dispersion mittels einer Zweistoffdüse, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Wasserdampf als Treibmittel verwendet wird. PATENTASPROCHEI 1. Process for encasing or embedding pharmaceutical products Active ingredients through or into inert substances by spraying one of the melted, mostly waxy inert substances and the active ingredients existing liquid dispersion by means of a two-fluid nozzle, characterized in that water vapor is used as the propellant is used.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEF25945A DE1078283B (en) | 1958-06-12 | 1958-06-12 | Process for enveloping or embedding active pharmaceutical ingredients |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEF25945A DE1078283B (en) | 1958-06-12 | 1958-06-12 | Process for enveloping or embedding active pharmaceutical ingredients |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE1078283B true DE1078283B (en) | 1960-03-24 |
Family
ID=7091827
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEF25945A Pending DE1078283B (en) | 1958-06-12 | 1958-06-12 | Process for enveloping or embedding active pharmaceutical ingredients |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE1078283B (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3080292A (en) * | 1960-07-12 | 1963-03-05 | Hoffmann La Roche | Stable pleasant-tasting vitamin b containing beadlets |
| US3080293A (en) * | 1960-08-02 | 1963-03-05 | Hoffmann La Roche | Process of making pleasant-tasting niacinamide beadlets |
| US4380534A (en) * | 1980-04-07 | 1983-04-19 | Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Solid drug preparations |
| WO1995001221A1 (en) * | 1993-07-01 | 1995-01-12 | University Of Bradford | Method and apparatus for the formation of particles |
| US6860907B1 (en) | 1999-07-07 | 2005-03-01 | Nektar Therapeutica | Method of particle formation |
| US7087197B2 (en) | 2001-07-20 | 2006-08-08 | Nektar Therapeutics | Particle formation |
| US8273330B2 (en) | 2002-04-25 | 2012-09-25 | Nektar Therapeutics | Particulate materials |
| US8802149B2 (en) | 1996-12-31 | 2014-08-12 | Novartis Pharma Ag | Systems and processes for spray drying hydrophobic and hydrophilic components |
| US9700529B2 (en) | 2002-05-03 | 2017-07-11 | Nektar Therapeutics | Particulate materials |
-
1958
- 1958-06-12 DE DEF25945A patent/DE1078283B/en active Pending
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3080292A (en) * | 1960-07-12 | 1963-03-05 | Hoffmann La Roche | Stable pleasant-tasting vitamin b containing beadlets |
| US3080293A (en) * | 1960-08-02 | 1963-03-05 | Hoffmann La Roche | Process of making pleasant-tasting niacinamide beadlets |
| US4380534A (en) * | 1980-04-07 | 1983-04-19 | Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Solid drug preparations |
| WO1995001221A1 (en) * | 1993-07-01 | 1995-01-12 | University Of Bradford | Method and apparatus for the formation of particles |
| US8802149B2 (en) | 1996-12-31 | 2014-08-12 | Novartis Pharma Ag | Systems and processes for spray drying hydrophobic and hydrophilic components |
| US6860907B1 (en) | 1999-07-07 | 2005-03-01 | Nektar Therapeutica | Method of particle formation |
| US7150766B2 (en) | 1999-07-07 | 2006-12-19 | Nektar Therapeutics Uk, Ltd. | Method of particle formation |
| US7087197B2 (en) | 2001-07-20 | 2006-08-08 | Nektar Therapeutics | Particle formation |
| US8273330B2 (en) | 2002-04-25 | 2012-09-25 | Nektar Therapeutics | Particulate materials |
| US9700529B2 (en) | 2002-05-03 | 2017-07-11 | Nektar Therapeutics | Particulate materials |
| US10188614B2 (en) | 2002-05-03 | 2019-01-29 | Nektar Therapeutics | Particulate materials |
| US10945972B2 (en) | 2002-05-03 | 2021-03-16 | Nektar Therapeutics | Particulate materials |
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