DE1052325B - Process for the separation processing of crushed raw ore - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for the separation processing of crushed raw ore similar substances, which consist of particles of different specific gravity from each other, under Use of a separating medium flowing on a vibrating chute to which the raw ore is added. Until now known! ^ experiences of this kind include both dry and wet methods.

With the dry methods, the separation medium consists of a sand-air mixture in which fine sand is whirled up by rising air currents and kept in suspension. The separating power and the selectivity of these methods is very poor compared to the wet methods. Nevertheless the good is shaken, the friction between the particles is great, which makes it quick and effective Separation prevents. The dry methods therefore have only limited application, namely mainly found for coal processing. They are not suitable for separating ore.

With the wet methods, a heavy liquid or a mixture of solid particles and Water used as a separation medium. The wet ones that have been used almost exclusively so far Methods work with a suspension of finely ground solids in water, the larger of which Part of the particles is so small that they can be kept floating without stirring. Have these methods the disadvantage that you cannot achieve a sufficiently high specific weight of the separation medium. The concentration of solids cannot be increased beyond 40 percent by volume because the The suspension then becomes viscous or viscous, which delays the separation and the sharpness of separation is decreased.

There are also known wet methods in which the separation medium contains larger particles and z. B. consists of a mixture of sand and water. Such Separation media have low friction and a higher separation speed, but the density of the separation medium is also low, because in this case too, the solid particles are removed by vigorous stirring or pulsation of the medium must be kept in suspension. This method is therefore just like the The above-mentioned are to be counted among the methods with low-viscosity separating medium. She also has that Disadvantage that the separation is disturbed by stirring.

In the case of the previously known wet methods, the aim is always to keep the solid particles in suspension and to prevent them from settling. In contrast, according to the present invention, the aim is to settle the particles. The method of the present invention is mainly the separation processing method
of crushed raw ore

Applicant:

Stripa Gruvaktiebolag,
Ludvika (Sweden)

Representative: Dipl.-Ing. H. Leinweber, patent attorney,
Berlin-Zehlendorf West, Goethestr. 30th

Claimed priority:
Sweden from December 4, 1952

Karl Jonas Valter Svensson,

Guldsmedshyttan (Sweden),

has been named as the inventor

characterized in that solids of a grain size mixture of in the main 0.05 mm to 5 mm so much water is added that the separation medium by shaking with separation of a Above the layer of excess water flowing off the separating medium, an easily movable bed with at least 50, preferably 60 volume percent solid substance forms in which pieces of the raw ore of greater specific gravity than that of the bed sink while the lighter ones swim or float, the flow of material being divided in a known manner at the channel outlet and the separating medium after Separating excess water is fed back to the gutter.

The purpose of vibrating the gutter is first of all to rapidly set the separating medium at the inlet end of the gutter with the separation of excess water and then to maintain the light fluidity of the bed along the entire channel. Since the vibration does not cause stirring, the stream of material flows smoothly through the channel, so that the the greatest possible concentration of the bed can be achieved. The correspondingly large separation weight represents represents a significant advance, which is particularly important in the separation processing of ores. Due to the ease of movement of the bed maintained by the vibration, the separation speed also increases and the selectivity is great.

The separability of the bed can according to the invention within certain limits of the channel

809 769/201

3 4

long be regulated by the fact that water from below in the method according to the invention water is pressed through the bed. With flowing sand and with the methods now in use, in principle If you already have air or water currents in the same bed, so are the materials mentioned Used on current, but only suitable for stabilization here as bed media. With the now usual fine-grained or powdery sand stream. With 5 methods you can hardly get higher volume weights of the the method according to the invention, on the other hand, uses the medium used as about 2.6, if only magnetite water forced through the bed from below only and about 3.4 if only ferrosilicon is used to influence the separability of the bed. That will. When applying the method according to the Er water content or the porosity of the separation medium finding the bed can be based on a specific weight It is true that the whole of the channel is generally kept io to 3.4, if magnetite and up to along fairly unchanged, but about 4.5 if necessary when ferrosilicon is applied. from The porosity caused by the injection of water is of particularly great practical importance the flow of material can be influenced and regulated. The circumstance in the swimming pool enrichment magnetite amount The water that is pressed in is regulated in such a way that iron ores from Haiti can be separated in a specific way the water through the bed fairly slowly- 15 require a weight of 3.0 to 3.4 to fish flows and drains at the top of the bed without stopping any useful product. With that now disturbing the stability of the bed. The bed is the usual procedure, one is dependent on it, slightly more easily mobile without the porosity having to use a ferrosilicon medium. As a result of that is changed significantly. The vertical currents become magnetite emanating from the ore at the rhyme rate of the injected water follows the ferro-silicon and increases in the so one reaches a more or less dium enriched, it becomes impossible to the specific sharp limit at which the bed can be moved easily - to maintain the weight of the medium, if none is borrowed; one then speaks of the fact that the bed is fluid; special measures are taken to is dised. This fluidized bed is to be separated from the magnetite within ferrosilicon. Until now stable over a certain speed interval. Will 25 has only managed to overcome this problem when If the speed is further increased, the magnetite content in the ore begins to decrease relatively the bed particles were rigged by the vertical liquid flow and the ore is hard and not queasy by to follow, and the bed turns into a suspension. one special cleaning gravel for the medium Within the speed interval in which this provides for the ferrosilicon to be removed from the magnetite If fluidized bed exists, the porosity of the 30 is separated by shaker or flotation. at Bed approximately linearly with the vertical flow the method according to the invention this pro-velocity falls the fluid enlarged. Inside blem completely away, since a pure magnetite medium is attached to it Interval the porosity in the bed can be turned from.

from about 0.4 to about 0.5, it has already been suggested that in the case of the dry set, that the bed material consists of somewhat removed gutter laundry as a dusty solid material rounded grains. In practice, the fine solid fluidized contained in the material to be separated can be used Form the bed by using the floor body. With wet methods it would be the gutter fully or partially perforated, which, however, is not possible to use the sink product as a solid for Holes must of course not be larger than the separating medium to be used, if not the front Main part of the bed medium particles so that this 40 lum percent of solids is very high. The annihilation can penetrate. Under the perforating drive according to the invention, for the first time, th part of the channel is an upwardly open vessel as coarser components of the material to be separated attached in which to use the liquid over a rubber solid for the bed. The invention hose, an adjustable valve and a pipe is accordingly also directed to a method for line is fed, namely from a larger 45 separation of pre-crushed ores using containers, the use of one's own concentrate at a suitable height above the bed for the formation of the is ordered and in which the liquid level with separating medium.

With the help of a flotteur-maneuvered cock, the drawing shows systems for carrying out the work

will hold. The flow rate of the fluids of the method according to the invention, for example

sigkeit through the bed can then simply be shown with the help of 50, namely shows

of the valve can be regulated. Fig. 1 is a vertical section through an execution

The advantage of using the inventive shape of the separating channel and the attached

Procedure for swimming pool treatment in comparison with a washing sieve,

With the previously known methods, there is first Fig. 2 a plan view of the same channel and the

Line in that the separation with a significant 55 washing sieve,

higher specific gravity than previously stated FIGS. 3 and 4 show a different one in the same representation

be, or, if one is the execution of the separation embodiment of the separation channel and the associated

at the same specific weight as before towards the washing strainer,

wishes a lighter and therefore cheaper material Fig. 5, 6 and 7 Sections along lines 5-5, 6-6

5o and 7-7 of FIG. 4 are used for the preparation of the bed medium,

can. Fig. 8 is a schematic plan view of a suitable

In accordance with the usual practice at the swimming pool facility for separation with the help of an enrichment system of heavier material are the magnetic bed frames made for this purpose Components of the medium usually consist of mediums, and

Ferrosilicon with about 15% silicon or from Ma- 65 Fig. 9 also shows another in plan view

gnetite or a mixture of both. The basic facility for the separation of a mixture of substances,

for the preference of these materials is above all, whereby the fine-grained, heavy particles of the Mi-

that they themselves form the bed medium due to their magnetic properties.

can be easily recovered and cleaned. The separating trough shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is

Since the problem of cleaning and recovery 7a is open upwards and at the right end and has

a level floor 1 and vertical walls on the sides 2 and at the left end. The fabric to be separated is introduced at the left end and goes off at the right end, where it is received by the washing strainer 4 will. At this end, a partition plate 5 parallel to the bottom 1 is inserted into the channel, which extends across the entire width of the channel. This divider is about halfway through Arranged at the height of the channel and appropriately adjustable in height. The washing screen 4 has the shape of a The channel formed by a vertical partition 6 located under the outer edge of the partition plate 5 is divided into two parts, so that the material layer passing over the partition plate into the right Channel 7 can be emptied while the lower layer of material is emptied into the left channel 8. to for this purpose the front part of the bottom 1 of the separating channel is cut away so that an opening is formed through which the material can flow down into the channel 8 ■■. The bottom 1 of the separating channel is suitably perforated, with an upwardly open vessel 3 for the purpose of supplying liquid to the bed is arranged in the manner described above immediately below the perforated part of the gutter.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS a guardrail is provided through which the two material layers on different sides in the Transverse direction of the separating channel can be passed. The guardrail consists of a curved sheet metal 9, which is designed so that it is also used as a separating plate for separating the upper from the lower material layer serves. The edge 10 of the metal sheet, which is directed onto the material layer, thus extends horizontally across the separating channels 1, 2 at half the height of the material layer. The edges of the sheet are bent over so that they form flanges 11, 12, one of which 11 downwards and the other 12 is directed upwards, as can be seen from FIG. These two flanges converge towards on the outwardly extending end of the guardrail, as can be seen from FIGS. 4 and 6 and unite at the last mentioned end so that they form a vertical edge 11, 12 (Fig. 7). The two layers of material leave the separating channel in the form of two layers running next to each other Strands half the width of the separating trough, but the same height as the trough, and they can go up be passed this way to a washing screen 4, the grooves 7, 8 in the same direction as the Separating channels 1, 2 run. Here, the washing screen can be directly connected to the separating channel are arranged and possibly form a continuation of the same and provided with a partition 6 be.

In Fig. 8, 13 denotes a bunker for the material to be separated. The substance must be expedient be crushed to below about 60 mm grain size. The material is transported from the bunker with the help of a conveyor 14 continuously conveyed to a washing screen 15, where particles with less than about 5 mm are screened off will. As far as the material is more than 5 mm in size, it reaches the separating channel 16, which is also drained Bed medium is fed from classifiers 17 and 18. The bed medium becomes expediently at the very end of the separating channel, while the material to be separated is a piece is fed further inside the channel, so that the bed has enough time to form before the substance is fed. In this case a magnetic bed medium is used (magnetite or ferrosilicon with 15% Si), the largest particle size of which is smaller than the smallest particle size of the material to be separated. The separating channel corresponds to that of FIGS. 3 to 7 and is with Equipped with a guardrail for dividing the material flows, bringing the lower part of the bed together with the heavier particles on the left side of the gutter, while the upper part of the bed coincides with the lighter particles is directed to the right side of the gutter. The two thus obtained Substance flows from the separating channel to a washing screen 19, which is divided into two by a partition Parts is divided. The wash screen has a mesh size such that it does not have the bed medium particles but lets through the particles of the substance to be separated. The bed medium is thus placed on the washing screen washed away, after which the finished heavy product goes to 20 and the finished light product to 21. The bed medium, diluted with the rinse water and obtained from the washing screen, is allowed to for the most part flow directly into the spiral classifiers 17 and 18. Part of the bed medium that is from the side of the washing screen where the light product is treated, however, must first have a magnetic one Pass separator 22. With the help of the separator, the medium is turned into non-magnetic particles removed from the substance being treated. Because the bed medium which is subjected to magnetic separation in this way are light products in First and foremost, the released light and non-magnetic particles are removed, which is useful as these decrease the density of the bed. The non-magnetic product from the separator is expediently combined with the material that has passed through the washing strainer 15) treated. The overflow from the classification devices is, as indicated by the arrows 23 and 24 is indicated, removed and either immediately or after the sludge has been separated as Rinse water used for the washing strainers.

Modifications of the principle scheme described above are of course possible. That's the way it is For example, it is not necessary for the fabric to be separated by less than 5 mm prior to separation will. All of the medium that passes through the right side of the washing screen 19 where the light product is washed away, must be magnetically cleaned in such a case before it is in the classification device 18 may stream. In general, however, it is not necessary to clean the medium, that passes the left side of the washing strainer, where the heavy products are washed in, as the Impurities that usually follow there are so heavy that the bed is still a sufficient one Retains volume weight. As pointed out earlier, it is also possible to use other devices for To choose the division of the bed into different layers, e.g. B. can do this by means of horizontal dividers according to FIGS. 1 and 2 take place. The mechanical classification devices can also by Pumps and thickeners are replaced.

In the device shown in FIG. 9, in which, as already mentioned, the fine-grained heavy particles of the substance itself form the bed medium, the one that is comminuted to below 60 mm is expedient Substance fed from the storage container 13 by means of the conveyor 14 of the separating chute 16, which also dewatered bed medium is supplied from the classification devices 17 and 18. There, how out will emerge later, the bed medium of

Claims (3)

the classification device 17 has a significantly higher volume weight than that coming from the classification device 18, the introduction onto the separating chute takes place in such a way that bed medium is fed first from the classification device 17, then the substance to be separated and immediately afterwards the bed medium from the classification device 18 the latter a little further inside the channel, where a bed has formed in the meantime. When passing through the channel, only the heavy particles are able to penetrate into the lower heavy bed layer, while the lighter particles remain in the upper light bed layer. In the border area between the two layers, some fine-grained heavy particles collect together with some coarse, light particles. With the help of the guardrail, the upper light layer is fed to the right side of the channel at the end of the channel, while the lower heavy layer is fed to the left end. The above-mentioned boundary layer is carried away together with the upper layer. Each of the two products reaches its assigned side of the washing screen 19, which is divided into two parts, where the fine-grained material is washed away and then flows into the classification devices 17 and 18, as indicated in FIG. If it is a matter of returning the fine-grained, heavy particles that have entered the upper layer to the separating channel, but at the same time to prevent light particles from following as much as possible, it is advisable to arrange a relatively fine-meshed cloth on the right-hand side of the washing screen, where the light product is washed away. On the other hand, a relatively coarse cloth must be used on the left side of the washing screen so that a sufficient amount of heavy bed medium is always available. Suitable mesh sizes are about 4mm on the left side of the washing screen and about 2mm on the right side. The fabric that does not pass through the washing screen forms the finished product. In FIG. 9, 20 denotes the process for the finished heavy product and 21 the process for the finished light product from the washing sieve. Since new bed medium is constantly being fed into the process with the substance to be separated, a smaller proportion of the heavy bed medium that reaches the top in the classification device 17 can be removed as a finished heavy product, as is indicated at 25 in FIG. The overflow from the classification devices 17 and 18 is fed to the Dorr thickeners 26 and 27. The amount overflowing from these thickeners is expediently reintroduced into the process as rinsing water. The soil substances flowing out of the thickeners at 28 and 29 can be taken as finished products after further dewatering in an emergency, the substance leaving at 28 mainly containing heavy particles, while the substance leaving at 29 mainly containing light particles. If possible, however, they must be cleaned using another enrichment method, such as flotation. Patent claims: 1. Process for the separation processing of crushed raw ore or similar materials, which from Particles of different specific gravity are made using Separating medium flowing on a vibrating chute to which the raw ore is added, characterized in that that solids of a grain size mixture in the main from 0.05 to 5 mm so much water is added that the separating medium by shaking with separation of a layer flowing off over the separation medium of excess water an easily movable bed of at least 50 percent by volume, preferably 60 percent by volume of solid matter forms, in which pieces of the rough heart · of greater specificity Weight than that of the bed will decrease while the lighter ones swim or float, being the flow of material at the channel outlet is divided in a known manner and the separating medium after separation excess water is fed back into the channel. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the separability of the bed is characterized along the channel is maintained or regulated that water from below through the Bed is pressed. 3. Application of the method according to claim 1 or 2 for separating pre-crushed ores using its own concentrate for the formation of the separation medium. Considered publications:
German Patent Nos. 874 582, 743 647;
French Patent No. 963 016;
U.S. Patent No. 2,303,367;
British Patent No. 627,860; K. A. Fern, Recent Developments in Mineral Dressing; "Glückauf", March 5, 1932, p. 297, and September 10, 1955,
P.1035; Kirchberg, "Preparation of mining raw materials", 1953, pp. 235 and 236; Founder, »Processing Customer«, Volume I, 1951, Pp. 278 and 279; "Ore Mining and Metallurgy", Volume VIII, 1955, Issue 4; »Industry Information«, issue 4. 1 sheet of drawings 769/201 3.5S