DE1049108B - Arrangement of busbars for electrolytic cells - Google Patents
Arrangement of busbars for electrolytic cellsInfo
- Publication number
- DE1049108B DE1049108B DEE8512A DEE0008512A DE1049108B DE 1049108 B DE1049108 B DE 1049108B DE E8512 A DEE8512 A DE E8512A DE E0008512 A DEE0008512 A DE E0008512A DE 1049108 B DE1049108 B DE 1049108B
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- rails
- ovens
- arrangement
- current
- furnace
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC PRODUCTION, RECOVERY OR REFINING OF METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25C3/00—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts
- C25C3/06—Electrolytic production, recovery or refining of metals by electrolysis of melts of aluminium
- C25C3/16—Electric current supply devices, e.g. bus bars
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
Description
Es ist bekannt, daß die elektromagnetischen Felder, welche die Gleichstromleiter umgeben, in Verbindung mit elektrolytischen Prozessen Schwierigkeiten verursachen können.It is known that the electromagnetic fields surrounding the direct current conductors are in connection cause difficulties with electrolytic processes.
In der Aluminiumindustrie benutzte man früher öfen von etwa 30 000 A, und bei dieser Ofengröße war der schädigende Einfluß seitens der magnetischen Felder und der elektromagnetischen Kräfte von geringerer Bedeutung.In the past, the aluminum industry used furnaces of around 30,000 A, and this furnace size was the damaging influence on the part of the magnetic fields and electromagnetic forces of lesser importance.
In letzter Zeit werden aber in immer größerem Ausmaß Ofeneinheiten bis zu 80 000 bis 100 000 A verwendet, und es zeigt sich hierbei, daß die auf Grund der elektromagnetischen Kräfte während des Betriebes vorkommenden Störungen ganz erheblich sein können.Recently, however, furnace units of up to 80,000 to 100,000 A are becoming more and more popular used, and it shows here that the due to the electromagnetic forces during the Disturbances occurring during operation can be quite significant.
Die einzelnen öfen einer Serie werden im allgemeinen in einer Reihe nacheinander geschaltet, wie in Fig. 1 gezeigt, wobei der Strom durch die eine Ofenreihe hin- und durch die andere Reihe wieder zurückläuft. Jede dieser Ofenreihen wird mit einem magnetischen Feld umgeben, das die Öfen der Nachbarreihe beeinflussen wird. Dieses Feld wird zusammen mit den horizontalen elektrischen Strömen im Metallbad elektromagnetische Kräfte bilden, die das Metall nach der einen oder der anderen Richtung verschieben können und Betriebsstörungen verursachen.The individual ovens in a series are generally connected in series one after the other, as shown in Fig. 1, the current through the one row of furnaces back and forth through the other row. Each of these rows of ovens is equipped with a magnetic Surrounding field that will affect the ovens in the neighboring row. This field is composed with the horizontal electrical currents in the metal bath, electromagnetic forces form that affect the metal move in one direction or the other and cause malfunctions.
Bei einer gewöhnlichen Serienschaltung der Öfen nach Fig. 1 werden sich auch auf Grund der starken magnetischen Felder, welche die Kathodenschienen umgeben, andere große Nachteile ergeben. Diese Felder, die annähernd vertikal durch das Metallbad verlaufen, werden zusammen mit den horizontalen Stromkomponenten zum Teil sehr große elektromagnetische Kräfte hervorrufen, die auch das Metall in die eine oder andere Richtung verschieben können.With a normal series connection of the ovens according to FIG. 1, due to the strong magnetic fields surrounding the cathode rails result in other major disadvantages. These Fields that run approximately vertically through the metal bath are combined with the horizontal ones Current components sometimes cause very large electromagnetic forces, which also affect the metal can move in one direction or the other.
Zu diesen Feldern kommt noch ein Feld, das die Anodenschienen umgibt, und dieses Feld, das hauptsächlich horizontal durch das Metallbad im Ofen verlaufen wird, erzeugt mit den vertikalen Strömen elektromagnetische Kräfte, die das Metall verschieben können.In addition to these fields, there is a field that surrounds the anode bars, and this field, which is mainly running horizontally through the metal bath in the furnace, created with the vertical currents electromagnetic forces that can move the metal.
Fig. 2 zeigt einen Querschnitt durch einen Aluminiumofen, und man sieht, wie die Felder 1 um die Kathodenschienen durch die Schmelze verlaufen. Weiter sieht man auch den Verlauf der Felder 2 um die Anodenschienen durch die Schmelze sowie der Felder 3 von einer benachbarten Ofenreihe.Fig. 2 shows a cross section through an aluminum furnace, and you can see how the fields 1 around the Cathode bars run through the melt. You can also see the course of fields 2 around the anode bars through the melt and the fields 3 from an adjacent row of furnaces.
Die in der Fig. 2 gezeigten Felder sind nur als Veranschaulichung der resultierenden Felder gedacht, die sehr kompliziert sein können.The fields shown in Fig. 2 are only intended as an illustration of the resulting fields, which can be very complicated.
Um gute Betriebsresultate in einem Aluminiumofen zu erzielen, ist es von entscheidender Bedeutung, daß die magnetischen Felder soweit wie irgend möglich reduziert werden. In dem Ausmaß, in welchemIn order to achieve good operating results in an aluminum furnace, it is crucial that that the magnetic fields are reduced as much as possible. To the extent to which
Anordnung von Stromschienen
für ElektrolysezellenArrangement of busbars
for electrolytic cells
Anmelder:
Elektrokemisk A/S, Oslo Applicant:
Elektrokemisk A / S, Oslo
Vertreter:Representative:
Dr. G. W. Lotterhos und Dr.-Ing. H. W. Lotterhos,
Patentanwälte, Frankfurt/M., Liditensteinstr. 3Dr. GW Lotterhos and Dr.-Ing. HW Lotterhos,
Patent Attorneys, Frankfurt / M., Liditensteinstr. 3
Beanspruchte Priorität:
Norwegen vom 5. Februar 1953Claimed priority:
Norway 5 February 1953
Johan Wleügel, Oslo,
ist als Erfinder genannt wordenJohan Wleügel, Oslo,
has been named as the inventor
diese sich nicht eliminieren lassen, muß dafür Sorge getragen werden, daß die resultierenden elektromagnetischen Kräfte möglichst gering werden und entgegengesetzt gerichtet sind. Man erzielt hierdurch den bestmöglichen Ofengang, da die Strömungen und die Niveauunterschiede, die den elektromagnetischen Kräften zuzuschreiben sind, auf ein Minimum reduziert werden.this cannot be eliminated, care must be taken that the resulting electromagnetic Forces are as small as possible and are directed in opposite directions. One achieves through this the best possible furnace run, because the currents and the level differences that affect the electromagnetic Forces are to be ascribed to be reduced to a minimum.
Gemäß der Erfindung wird eine Schaltanordnung für Stromschienen angegeben, die bewirkt, daß die störenden magnetischen Felder in großem Ausmaß beseitigt werden und daß die Felder, die sich nicht beseitigen lassen, wesentlich verringert werden können. Die Anordnung ist so ausgebildet, daß die Hauptschienen, die den Strom hin- und zurückführen, z. B. durch mindestens teilweise Parallelanordnung von Leitungsstücken und entgegengesetzter Stromrichtung in diesen Stücken und/oder durch symmetrische Anordnung der stromführenden Teile oder durch andere entsprechende Maßnahmen derart zueinander angeordnet sind, daß die resultierenden elektromagnetisehen Kräfte gleich groß und entgegengesetzt gerichtet sind. Man erzielt also sowohl in der kurzen als auch in der langen Achse der Ofenanlage und der einzelnen öfen ein symmetrisches Bild und einen Feldverlauf, bei dem sich die Hauptfelder gegenseitig aufheben.According to the invention, a switching arrangement for busbars is specified which causes the interfering magnetic fields are largely eliminated and that the fields that are not can be eliminated, can be reduced significantly. The arrangement is designed so that the main rails, which carry the current back and forth, e.g. B. by at least partially parallel arrangement of Line pieces and opposite current direction in these pieces and / or by symmetrical arrangement the current-carrying parts or arranged by other appropriate measures in such a way to one another are that the resulting electromagnetic forces are equal and oppositely directed are. So you achieve both in the short and in the long axis of the furnace system and the individual ovens a symmetrical image and a field course in which the main fields are mutually exclusive lift.
Fig. 3 zeigt das Prinzip einer solchen Serienschaltung von Öfen, und man sieht, wie die Hauptstromschienen 1 zwischen den Öfen 2 hin- und zurückgeführt werden, so daß das resultierende MagnetfeldFig. 3 shows the principle of such a series connection of ovens, and you can see how the main busbars 1 between the ovens 2 and back, so that the resulting magnetic field
809 730/356809 730/356
Claims (3)
"!Deutsche Patentschriften Nr. 292 109, - 514 193, 696, 571711;Considered publications:
"! German patent specifications No. 292 109, - 514 193, 696, 571711;
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| NO1049108X | 1953-02-05 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE1049108B true DE1049108B (en) | 1959-01-22 |
Family
ID=19908017
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEE8512A Pending DE1049108B (en) | 1953-02-05 | 1954-02-02 | Arrangement of busbars for electrolytic cells |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE1049108B (en) |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1083554B (en) | 1954-02-09 | 1960-06-15 | Pechiney Prod Chimiques Sa | Furnace for fused aluminum electrolysis |
| DE1131418B (en) | 1956-02-28 | 1962-06-14 | Pechiney Cie De Produite Chimi | Arrangement of power supplies to suppress the magnetic effects in electrolysis furnaces with high current for the production of aluminum |
| DE1143032B (en) | 1953-04-18 | 1963-01-31 | Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag | Electrolysis cell for performing melt flow electrolysis, especially for the production of aluminum |
| DE1161695B (en) | 1957-01-05 | 1964-01-23 | Pechiney Prod Chimiques Sa | Arrangement of power supply lines to suppress the magnetic effects in the melt-flow electrolysis of aluminum |
| DE1179011B (en) | 1953-04-18 | 1964-10-01 | Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag | Electrolysis cell, especially for the production of aluminum by melt flow electrolysis, with currents over 50 kA and one-sided power supply |
| DE1183699B (en) | 1953-12-05 | 1964-12-17 | Elektrokemisk As | Arrangement for furnace for the electrolytic production of aluminum |
| DE1222270B (en) | 1958-07-02 | 1966-08-04 | Siemens Ag | Rectangular fused-salt electrolysis furnace with reduced hump effect, especially for the production of aluminum |
| EP0084142A3 (en) * | 1982-01-18 | 1983-08-03 | Alluminio Italia S.P.A. | Method and apparatus for electric current supply of pots for electrolytic production of metals, particularly aluminium |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE292109C (en) * | 1900-01-01 | |||
| DE514193C (en) * | 1928-07-24 | 1930-12-10 | Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges | Line routing between the electrodes of three-phase ovens and the feeding transformer |
| DE545696C (en) * | 1925-10-15 | 1932-03-04 | Stickstoffduenger Ag F | Electrothermal melting furnace for multi-phase currents |
| DE571711C (en) * | 1933-03-04 | Stickstoffduenger Ag F | Electrothermal melting furnace for multi-phase currents | |
| CH161426A (en) * | 1931-02-13 | 1933-04-30 | Norske Elektrokemisk Ind As | Power supply device on electrothermal three-phase melting furnaces. |
-
1954
- 1954-02-02 DE DEE8512A patent/DE1049108B/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE292109C (en) * | 1900-01-01 | |||
| DE571711C (en) * | 1933-03-04 | Stickstoffduenger Ag F | Electrothermal melting furnace for multi-phase currents | |
| DE545696C (en) * | 1925-10-15 | 1932-03-04 | Stickstoffduenger Ag F | Electrothermal melting furnace for multi-phase currents |
| DE514193C (en) * | 1928-07-24 | 1930-12-10 | Siemens Schuckertwerke Akt Ges | Line routing between the electrodes of three-phase ovens and the feeding transformer |
| CH161426A (en) * | 1931-02-13 | 1933-04-30 | Norske Elektrokemisk Ind As | Power supply device on electrothermal three-phase melting furnaces. |
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1143032B (en) | 1953-04-18 | 1963-01-31 | Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag | Electrolysis cell for performing melt flow electrolysis, especially for the production of aluminum |
| DE1179011B (en) | 1953-04-18 | 1964-10-01 | Vaw Ver Aluminium Werke Ag | Electrolysis cell, especially for the production of aluminum by melt flow electrolysis, with currents over 50 kA and one-sided power supply |
| DE1183699B (en) | 1953-12-05 | 1964-12-17 | Elektrokemisk As | Arrangement for furnace for the electrolytic production of aluminum |
| DE1083554B (en) | 1954-02-09 | 1960-06-15 | Pechiney Prod Chimiques Sa | Furnace for fused aluminum electrolysis |
| DE1131418B (en) | 1956-02-28 | 1962-06-14 | Pechiney Cie De Produite Chimi | Arrangement of power supplies to suppress the magnetic effects in electrolysis furnaces with high current for the production of aluminum |
| DE1161695B (en) | 1957-01-05 | 1964-01-23 | Pechiney Prod Chimiques Sa | Arrangement of power supply lines to suppress the magnetic effects in the melt-flow electrolysis of aluminum |
| DE1222270B (en) | 1958-07-02 | 1966-08-04 | Siemens Ag | Rectangular fused-salt electrolysis furnace with reduced hump effect, especially for the production of aluminum |
| EP0084142A3 (en) * | 1982-01-18 | 1983-08-03 | Alluminio Italia S.P.A. | Method and apparatus for electric current supply of pots for electrolytic production of metals, particularly aluminium |
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