[go: up one dir, main page]

DE1044297B - Device for improving the economic efficiency of power reactors - Google Patents

Device for improving the economic efficiency of power reactors

Info

Publication number
DE1044297B
DE1044297B DEM30938A DEM0030938A DE1044297B DE 1044297 B DE1044297 B DE 1044297B DE M30938 A DEM30938 A DE M30938A DE M0030938 A DEM0030938 A DE M0030938A DE 1044297 B DE1044297 B DE 1044297B
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
reactor
improving
superheater
reactors
economic efficiency
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
DEM30938A
Other languages
German (de)
Inventor
Dipl-Ing Otto H Muck
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
JOHANNA MUCK GEB ROTH
MARIO MUCK
Original Assignee
JOHANNA MUCK GEB ROTH
MARIO MUCK
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to DENDAT1070753D priority Critical patent/DE1070753B/de
Application filed by JOHANNA MUCK GEB ROTH, MARIO MUCK filed Critical JOHANNA MUCK GEB ROTH
Priority to DEM30938A priority patent/DE1044297B/en
Publication of DE1044297B publication Critical patent/DE1044297B/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21C—NUCLEAR REACTORS
    • G21C1/00—Reactor types
    • G21C1/04—Thermal reactors ; Epithermal reactors
    • G21C1/06—Heterogeneous reactors, i.e. in which fuel and moderator are separated
    • G21C1/08—Heterogeneous reactors, i.e. in which fuel and moderator are separated moderator being highly pressurised, e.g. boiling water reactor, integral super-heat reactor, pressurised water reactor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
    • G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
    • G21D5/00—Arrangements of reactor and engine in which reactor-produced heat is converted into mechanical energy
    • G21D5/04—Reactor and engine not structurally combined
    • G21D5/08—Reactor and engine not structurally combined with engine working medium heated in a heat exchanger by the reactor coolant
    • G21D5/12—Liquid working medium vaporised by reactor coolant
    • G21D5/16—Liquid working medium vaporised by reactor coolant superheated by separate heat source
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
    • Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)

Description

Vorrichtung zur Verbesserung der Wirtschaftlichkeit von Leistungsreaktoren In Reaktoren kann aus materialtechnischen Gründen ein bestimmter Grenzwert der Temperatur nicht überschritten werden. Er liegt z. B. bei dem sowjetrussischen Druckwasser-Reaktor zwischen 260 und 275° C, beim Siedewassere-Reaktor und beim Natrium-Graphit-Reaktor etwas höher, aber nicht über 350° C. Derart niedrigen Temperaturen entsprechen - sofern man mit dem Reaktor Treibdampf für eine Wärmekraftmaschine erzeugen will - geringe Werte des thermodynamischen Wirkungs grades der gesamten Anlage, die zwischen 17 und 25°/o liegen. Da die verfügbaren Baumaterialien indes keine höhere thermische Belastung zulassen, ist man dazu übergegangen, den Gesamtwirkungsgrad der Anlage dadurch zu verbessern, daß man dem Reaktor einen mit fossilen Brennstoffen geheizten Überhitzer nachschaltet. Dieser Überhitzer bringt den Arbeitsdampf auf z. B. etwa 500° C, wodurch Wirkungsgrade bis zu etwa 35 0/0 erreicht werden können. Allerdings wird hierbei 10°/o der nutzbaren Gesamtleistung durch die fossilen Brennstoffe, also durch Fremdenergie, aufgebracht. Aus wirtschaftlichen und technischen Gründen ist es nun wünschenswert, daß diese Anteile an Fremdenergie möglichst gering gehalten werden. Dies wird durch die vorliegende Erfindung erreicht.Device for improving the profitability of power reactors For reasons of material technology, a certain limit value for the temperature can be set in reactors not be exceeded. He is z. B. in the Soviet Russian pressurized water reactor between 260 and 275 ° C, in the case of the boiling water reactor and the sodium-graphite reactor slightly higher, but not above 350 ° C. Such low temperatures correspond to - if you want to use the reactor to generate motive steam for a heat engine - low values of the thermodynamic efficiency of the entire system between 17 and 25 per cent. Since the building materials available, however, no higher thermal Allowing load, one has gone over to the overall efficiency of the system by adding a fossil fuel-fired reactor to the reactor Downstream superheater. This superheater brings the working steam to z. B. about 500 ° C, whereby efficiencies of up to about 35 0/0 can be achieved. However 10% of the total usable power is due to fossil fuels, so upset by external energy. For economic and technical reasons it is now desirable that these proportions of external energy be kept as low as possible will. This is achieved by the present invention.

Wie bekannt, entsteht im Reaktor eine hochenergetische Strahlung, die bis zu 5 % der bei der Kernspaltung frei werdenden Energie enthält und die im allgemeinen durch besondere Reflektoren und Schutzvorrichtungen abgeschirmt und so nutzlos vernichtet wird. Diese Strahlungsleistung steht also noch als nutzbare Reserve zur Erhöhung der Wirtschaftlichkeit zur Verfügung.As is known, high-energy radiation is generated in the reactor, which contains up to 5% of the energy released during nuclear fission and which in the generally shielded by special reflectors and protective devices and so uselessly destroyed. This radiation power is therefore still usable Reserve available to increase profitability.

Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung wird nun der Überhitz,er innerhalb der biologischen Abschirmung mantelartig um den Reaktor herum so angeordnet, daß dadurch zugleich eine Abschirmung und Nutzbarmachung der Reakto,rverluststrahlung bewirkt wird. Eine solche Anordnung des Überhitzers bewirkt, daß seine Wandungen und der in ihm zirkulierende Dampf Strahlungsenergie absorbieren und in Wärme umwandeln, die eine erhebliche Verminderung des Zusatzbedarfes an fossilen Heizstoffen ermöglicht. Gleichzeitig liefert der überhitzer in diesere Anordnung eine wirksameAbschirmung. Er vereinigt in sich somit die drei Funktionen der Überhitzung durch Fremdenergie, der Abschirmung und der Absorption und Nutzbarmachung sonst verlorengehender Strahlungsenergie unter Einsparung eines Anteiles an Fremdernergie.According to the present invention, the superheat now becomes within the biological shield arranged like a jacket around the reactor so that thereby at the same time a shielding and utilization of the reactor loss radiation is effected. Such an arrangement of the superheater causes its walls and the steam circulating in it absorb radiation energy and convert it into heat, which enables a considerable reduction in the additional demand for fossil fuels. At the same time the superheater in this arrangement provides an effective shield. It thus combines the three functions of overheating through external energy, the shielding and the absorption and utilization of otherwise lost radiation energy while saving a portion of external energy.

Claims (2)

PATENTANSPRÜCHE: 1. Vorrichtung zur Verbesserung der Wirtschaftlichkeit von Leistungsreaktoren unter Verwendung fossiler Brennstoffe für die Nacherhitzung des irr Reaktor erzeugten Dampfes, .dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Überhitzer innerhalb der biologischen Abschirmung mantelartig um den Reaktor herum so angeordnet ist, daß dadurch zugleich eine Abschirmung und Nutzbarmachung der Reaktorverluststrahlung bewirkt wird. PATENT CLAIMS: 1. Device for improving economy of power reactors using fossil fuels for reheating of the steam generated in the reactor, characterized in that the superheater is within the biological shielding is arranged around the reactor like a jacket in such a way that that thereby at the same time a shielding and utilization of the reactor radiation loss is effected. 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß bei mit Doppelkühlkreislauf-versehenen Reaktoren der Überhitzer in den, äußeren Kreislauf vor eine Dampfmaschine eingeschaltet wird. In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften: Zeitschrift »Power«, 99, S. 75 bis 81, 1955.2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that with Double cooling circuit-provided reactors of the superheater in the, outer circuit before a steam engine is switched on. Considered publications: Power magazine, 99, pp. 75 to 81, 1955.
DEM30938A 1956-06-27 1956-06-27 Device for improving the economic efficiency of power reactors Pending DE1044297B (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DENDAT1070753D DE1070753B (en) 1956-06-27
DEM30938A DE1044297B (en) 1956-06-27 1956-06-27 Device for improving the economic efficiency of power reactors

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEM30938A DE1044297B (en) 1956-06-27 1956-06-27 Device for improving the economic efficiency of power reactors

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
DE1044297B true DE1044297B (en) 1958-11-20

Family

ID=7301092

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DENDAT1070753D Pending DE1070753B (en) 1956-06-27
DEM30938A Pending DE1044297B (en) 1956-06-27 1956-06-27 Device for improving the economic efficiency of power reactors

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
DENDAT1070753D Pending DE1070753B (en) 1956-06-27

Country Status (1)

Country Link
DE (2) DE1044297B (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1201498B (en) * 1960-09-21 1965-09-23 Commissariat Energie Atomique Heterogeneous nuclear reactor with liquid hydrocarbons serving as moderator and coolant

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1201498B (en) * 1960-09-21 1965-09-23 Commissariat Energie Atomique Heterogeneous nuclear reactor with liquid hydrocarbons serving as moderator and coolant

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE1070753B (en)

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
GB648293A (en) Methods of and apparatus for utilization of the thermal energy released in the course of atomic decompositions
US3664923A (en) Fast neutronic reactor utilizing plutonium 240 fuel
GB931286A (en) Improvements in or relating to nuclear reactors
DE1044297B (en) Device for improving the economic efficiency of power reactors
GB1069032A (en) Superheating of steam in nuclear reactors
GB1106488A (en) Nuclear-power sea-water conversion plant
GB1153075A (en) Improvements in Nuclear Reactor Power Plants
US4039412A (en) Process and structure for fixation of atmospheric nitrogen
DE1010203B (en) Atomic nuclear reactor with fixed fuel
DE1240596B (en) Thermal brueter
GB1323881A (en) Thermal power plant employing gas-cooled nuclear reactors
GB796164A (en) Improvements in or relating to nuclear power reactors
GB1035087A (en) Improvements in or relating to fuel elements for nuclear reactors
GB953320A (en) Improvements in or relating to nuclear reactors
Osredkar et al. A low-power, high-thermal-flux experimental nuclear reactor
DE1134391B (en) Steam circuit with multiple indirect intermediate overheating
GB849958A (en) Improvements in steam reactor system
DE1041611B (en) Heterogeneous nuclear reactor with two separate active zones
ES364011A1 (en) Steam-cooled reactor
GB1063683A (en) Light-water-cooled natural uranium power reactor
GB1243372A (en) Improvements in or relating to nuclear reactors
DE1016857B (en) Nuclear reactor
LR Prospects of the high-temperature reactor
Collier et al. The potassium/steam cycle of a high-efficiency nuclear power plant with a gas-cooled reactor
Row Preface: Symposium on Reactor Containment Spray System Technology