DD277831A1 - MEANS FOR INCREASING THE STRESSTOLERANCE OF CULTURAL PLANTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to compositions for increasing the stress tolerance of crop plants, in particular for increasing the salt and drought tolerance of crop plants. As active ingredient, these agents contain a mixture of fatty acids and ethanolamine of the general formula IHOCH2CH2NR1HOCH2CH2N (formula I) R2 in which R1 can be hydrogen, methyl (CH3) or hydroxyethyl (HOCH2CH2). In this case, the ethanolamines may be present as free bases or as salts of mineral acids. In these fatty acid / ethanolamine mixtures, vegetable fatty acid mixtures of seeds of Brassica napus ssp. napus cv. Sollux with a C22: 1 proportion of 35% and thereby used in particular fatty acid mixtures with an enriched to 85% fatty acid fraction. These fatty acid mixtures may be in the form of free acids or as potassium salts.

Description

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The invention has for its object to develop means for increasing the stress tolerance of crops, in particular to increase the dry and salt tolerance, the application of which promotes biological Stuflproduktion and already develops a significant biological activity at low dose.

The object is achieved in that means for increasing the stress tolerance of crops in addition to conventional excipients and carriers as the active ingredient, a mixture of fatty acids and ethanolamine of the general formula I.

HO - GH ₂ -CH ₂ -H. _(FormoM)

in which R, = hydrogen, MdIIyI (CH ₃ -) or hydroxyethyl (HO-CHr-CHH meaning and also for R ₂ = hydrogen, MethyHCHH or hydroxyethyl (HO-CH ₇ -CHH can stand.

The ethanolamines are present in this mixture as free bases or salts of mineral acids.

As fatty acids, preferably vegetable fatty acid mixtures from seeds of B: assica napus ssp. napus, cv. Sollux with a C _n , content of> 35% and especially fatty acid mixtures with a> 85% enriched CjM fatty acid fraction used. The fatty acid mixtures may be in the form of the free acids or as potassium salts.

Ausführungbbeispiel

The fatty acid mixtures used in the application examples had the following composition:

1. Fatty acid mixture I (without C ₂ ;, enrichment) Cig ο 3.6%

C ₁₈ , 13.4%

C ₁₆₂ 14.9%

C ₈₃ 21.8%

C ₂₂ , 46.2%

When using potassium salt, a fatty acid-potassium ratio in / m), there was 1.0m ^"1. 13

2. Fatty acid mixture II (with C ₂₂ , enrichment) C ₁₆ , 1.17o

Ci ₈ , 3 ,,

C, β} 3,

C ₁₈₃ 6 ,!

C ₂₂ , 85.2%

When used as the potassium salt, a fatty acid to potassium ratio (m / m) of 1: 0.12 was present.

The production of fatty acid and the enrichment of Erucasäuro was carried out according to known methods.

BEILSTEIN: Hdb. Organic Chemistry 4th edition Berlin, 1918. -S.472-473.

example 1 Influence of the agents of the invention juf the seedling growth of spring barley under salt stress

Studies on seedling growth have been made in Petri dishes. For this purpose, seed of summer barley (cv. Salome) was pre-soaked in distilled water or in saline solutions for 5 hours, and different amounts of the capsules according to the invention were added to a portion of the water or saline solutions prior to swelling the grains Grains were germinated on moistened filter paper in Petri dishes at 23 ° C in a chamber with very high relative humidity in the lunar 48 hours after sowing of the bodies, seedling growth was determined. that the agents according to the invention markedly improved the tolerance of the seedling plants to salt contamination, so that microbial inhibition caused by alkali metal salts, but in particular by NaCl, was reduced and the agents according to the invention had a higher biological activity per mole than the comparison test Monoeth Anolaniin on, or unfolded comparable to the expensive gibberellin A ₃ effect (T & belle 1).

Example 2 The influence of the compositions according to the invention on the yield of crops under stress conditions

Influenza ornithmatic agent was used in field trials under temporary drought during the main course of product formation of potatoes, cereals and sugar beet. The field trials have been created according to the standpoint (plot size 15m ² , 4 repetitions!). Fertilization and inventory management of the experiments are carried out in accordance with normative standards for high yield per unit area.

From the field trials under stress conditions (stress) it can be seen that the potatoes of the invention (Table 2) produced a very favorable yield increase of 9% at a high yield level. The effect of the composition according to the invention was also above the yield effects of the individual components contained in these preparations. Sugar beet and winter wheat (Table 2, Table 3) the effect of the agent on <\ ar \ effects of Vergleichssubstenzen was revealed a similar trend in the yield positive stress slowdown, which in this example.

Table 1: Influence of the agents according to the invention on the seedling growth of summer barley plants under salt stress

Medium" concentration Seedling growth (rel.) with SaIi ⁷ ' (Ppm) without salt a) according to the invention 113.0 FeHsäuregemischl / 0.8 / 0.2 102.9 122.1 * Monoethanolamine 2.8 107.7 119.2 · 80/20 102.8 112.9 2E0 / 60 97.2 b) comparative test members 104.3 Monoethanolamine 60 103 115 ' Gibberellin A3 10 108 108 Fatty acid dietary I 8th 97 103 Fatty acid mixture Il ? 50 98 c) without funds 100 control - 100 ) (62.9 mg / 10 pil.) (75.5 mg / 10 Pf.

1) Tested concentrations of the same substances are based on literature references or date from Patenteschriften.

2) Salt concentration: 0.5% NaCl and 0.15 ° C KCl

 'Significance α ί 0.05.

Table 2: The effect of the compositions of the invention on the yield of potato oil and winter wheat under stress conditions

Type of fruit (variety) Medium" determination Yields (dt-ha ') With Stai there Dose (kgha ') sizes ohna preparation preparation 306 Potatoes (Sola) FSIaIsK-Saiz tuber yield 244 D 3, very dry + MEA (0.05 + 1.5) 616 * Potatoes (Karpina) FSIaIsK-Saiz tuber yield 566 V 1, temporarily dry + MEA (0.02 + 1.5) 608 ¹ ' ¹ MEA (1.5, comparison tuber yield 566 variant) 587 FSIaIsKSaIz Knotlenertrag 566 (0.02) 77.1 Winter wheat (Alcedo) FSIIaIf free acids grain yield 72.8 t MEA / DEA / TEA (0.5 f 3.0) 74.1 ΜΠΑ / DEA / TEA grain yield 72.8 (3.0) 74.6 FS II as free acids grain yield 72.8 '0.5)

1) FSI fat intake <mschl; FSH - Fottsäuregemischll; MEA monoethanolamine; MEADEA / TEA = mixture of mono, di and triethanolamine

(same mass parts); K-Sall potassium salt

 * Significance η - 0.0Ί. Cl significance * -.-: 0.1.

Table 3: Influence of the agents according to the invention on sugar beet yield (variety Ponemo)

Medium" dose Stress- Bostimmungs- Erträgoldtha ') mi! (kg ha) intensity sizes without preparation preparation Series I aj eriindungsgemäß 101.5 FSIIaIsKSaIz 0.5 drought stress raw sugar 96.4 ♦ MEA as phosphate 3.0  "Osmct. Stress July August Ij) crepes 97.2 MEA 1.5 raw sugar 96.4 97.4 MEA as phosphate 3.0 raw sugar 96.4 97.6 chlorcholin chloride 1.5 raw sugar 96.4 Serial a) orfindungsgemäß 1353 FSIIaIsKSaIz 0.1 strong short-term Gesemt- 1260 .MEA 2.0 Dry stress and frischmassc Hitzsstreß b) Comparative Preparations 1335 FSIIaIsK-Saiz 0.1 1260 1327 MEA 2.0 1260

11 FSH fatty acid mixture Il; MEA as Phosphate 'tcitiares Phosphate voo monoethanolamine; KSaIz == potassium.

Claims (2)

1. A means for increasing the stress tolerance of crops, in particular for increasing the dry and salt tolerance of crops, characterized in that they in addition to conventional excipients and carriers as the active ingredient, a mixture of fatty acids and ethanolamine of the general formula I. 110 - CHj - OH ₂ - M., (Formal) in which R ₁ = hydrogen, MeIhVl (CH ₃ -) or hydroxyethyl (HO-CH ₂ -CH ₂ -) and also for R ₂ = hydrogen, methyl-FCHr-) or hydroxyethyl (HO-CH ₂ -CH ₂ -) ). In this case, the ethanolamines may be present as free bases or as salts of mineral acids. 2. Composition according to item 1, characterized in that in these Fetisäure-ethanolamine mixtures preferably vegetable fatty acid mixtures from seeds of Brassica napus ssp. napus cv. Sollux with a C _{22: 1} attachment. > 35% and in particular fatty acid mixtures with an enriched to> 85% C _22; i-fatty acid fraction can be used. These fatty acid mixtures may be in the form of the free acids or as potassium salts. Field of application of the invention The invention relates to a means for increasing the stress tolerance of crops. It can be used in particular for improving the tolerance of crops to abiotic stressors in agricultural crop production. Characteristic of the known state of the art It is known that Ert ^r agsdepressionen are primarily caused by physiological dryness. In addition? Approximately 1 billion hectares of agricultural land have yield-reducing salinity in the soil substrate. Even in humid climates, the salt concentration in the soil water during low drought conditions, especially in the case of high levels of mineral fertilization, causes unfavorable plant physiological values. Particularly sensitive to salt are known to be germinating plants and young plants. To alleviate these errtragssenkenden salt effects, for example, soil treatments made with gypsum, but which are associated with an enormous transport and energy costs. It is also known to solve the salt problem by breeding salt-tolerant plants. Significant successes have not yet been achieved in this way. By using phytohormone and synthetic Wirkungsanaloga the phytohormones improvements are known (DDPS 218260, DD-PS 217408, DD-PS 217409 and DD-PS 217410). Even when using quaternary ammonium bases which regulate growth, it is known that a recovery of the plant salt tolerance can be achieved (DD-PS 215686, DDPS 215688) However, the effect of the phytohormones and synthetic growth regulators is inadequate under certain conditions The use of growth hormone chlorocholine chloride under salt conditions may exceed the threshold of growth-inhibiting influences, so that there is no yield advantage due to the use of minerals in phytohormone chakra Furthermore, the production of phytohormones is very cost-intensive and the use of ctilorcholine chloride is adversely affected by toxicological problems. [Sal Hydro] Hydroxylamine derivatives (DD-PS 21615) are also of low salt toxicity 9). By using Ursssinoliden ki.nn dia salt tolerance, cold resistance and resistance gagenüber herbicides in crops, bypassing toxicological disadvantages are increased (JP-PS 60-113567, DE-OS 3533633). At the same time, in individual plant experiments, biological production of cereals and potatoes with higher significance than phytohormones is increased under certain conditions (DE-OS 3533633, JP-PS 57-118503). However, this biomass increase occurs without detectable positive influence on the plant water content. A salt tolerance improvement, which is coupled with a yield-increasing Wasserhaushaltscptimierung is achieved by biogenic and synthetic ethanolamines on individual plants and field crops (OD PS 255871, DD-PS 151104), wherein the rates correspond to conventional standards for growth regulators and the molaro biological activity default values does not exceed. From an environmental hygienic point of view, however, high biological effects are to be striven for at low cost. The fatty acid mixtures of microbial origin used according to DD-PS 226471 had a very different fatty acid spectrum depending on the batch, so that different biological effects were determined. Object of the invention The aim of the invention is to provide means for increasing the stress tolerance of crops, in particular to increase the salt and Ttockentoleranz that are inexpensive to produce and have toxicologically favorable properties and are safe in terms of environmental protection.