DD201560A5 - ESPECIALLY FOR THE DISAPPEARANCE OF PLANTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an agent for defoliation of plants, preferably cotton plants, containing synergistic mixtures of exfoliating effective 1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl-urea or 1,2,3-thiadiazoline-2-id-derivatives with basic from 1 part by weight of the active compounds to 0.5 to 1000 parts by weight of the inactive compounds, wherein 1-phenyl-3- (1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) urea and the like are effective as an effective compound ineffective substances are those from the group of alkali metal hydroxides, amines, carbonates, phosphates and the monocarboxylic acid alkali metal salts.

Description

234265 8

In particular for defoliation of plants Field of application of the invention;

The invention relates to an agent, in particular for defoliation of plants, preferably cotton plants, containing mixtures of thiadiazole-urea or thiadiazoline derivatives with basic substances.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

- and 1,2,3-thiadiazoline ^ 2-id-derivatives are already known means for defoliation of plants (DE-OS 2 506 69O, DE-OS 2,619,861, DE-OS 2,719,810). However, these active ingredients do not always have a sufficient effect,

Furthermore, mixtures of 1Y2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl-urea derivatives with other defoliants are known, in which the substances which in themselves exert more or less exfoliating action potentiate one another in their action (DE-OS 2 646 712). The synergistic effect of these mixtures is therefore dependent on two already active compounds.

Object of the invention

It is an object of the invention to produce an increase in efficacy without damaging the plant. Explanation of the essence of the invention

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide an agent, in particular for defoliation of plants, in which the effect of the 1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl-ureas or 1,2,3-thiadiazolin-2-idderivate known as effective is increased by the addition of ineffective substances. ,

234 26 5 8 _ ₂ _ ^{59TO / 12}

This object is achieved by an agent which is characterized by a content of a entblätternd effective 1 ^, ^ - thiadiazole-S-yl-urea or 1,2,3-thiadiazoline-2-id-derivative in admixture with a basic substance.

As exfoliating effective compounds according to the invention come in embossing:

A) 1, 2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl-urea derivatives of the general formula

i-c - η ·. ' .-. , :

R β

C-JT-C-H (I),

in which R 1 is hydrogen or C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, R p is C 1 -C 6 -alkyl, C 1 -C 6 -cycloalkyl, phenyl, halophenyl, C 1 -C 4 -alkylphenyl, C 1 -C 4 -alkoxyphenyl, Trifluormethylphenylrest nitrophenyl or, an unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted by identical or different C - C _/, alkyl, C.-C-alkoxy radicals, halogen atoms, the nitro group or the trifluoromethyl-substituted pyridyl or pyrimidyl, or R and Rp together with the IT atom, the morpholino, piperidino or Pyrrolidin ogruppe, R ^ is hydrogen or a C - C, - alkyl radical and X is an oxygen or sulfur atom;

1,2,3-Thiadiazolin-2-id-derivatives of the general formula

H . '.:'. . '.' .. ':.-.- ν ^: ' ^y 'y.': 'y / · '. ',

(ID,

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in which R 1 is hydrogen or a C 1 -C 6 -alkyl radical, R p is hydrogen or a C 1 -C 6 -alkyl radical, a C 1 -C 6 -cyclo radical, a phenyl, halophenyl, C 1 -C 4 -alkylenephenyl, C 1 -C 4 -alkyl radical C.-alkoxyphenyl «, nitrophenyl or Trifluormethylphenylrest, an unsubstituted or a mono- or more than once or differently by C ^ -C. alkyl radical, Ci-CL-alkoxy radicals, halogen atoms, the nitro group or the trifluoromethyl substituted pyridyl or Pyrimidyl radical or R 1 and R 2 together with the N atom denote the morpholino-piperidino or pyrrolidino group and B denotes an alkali metal atom, preferably a lithium, sodium or potassium, etc., or a corresponding equivalent of a zinc, manganese, Calcium, magnesium or barium and X represent oxygen or sulfur.

Examples of substances of the general formula I are:

1-Phenyl-3- (1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) -urea 1-Phenyl-1-methyl-3- (1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) -urea 1- (4 -Chlorophenyl) -3- (1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) -urea 1-cyclohexyl-3- (1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) -urea 1- (3-chlorophenyl) - 3- (1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) -urea 1- (4-Methylphenyl) -3- (1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) -urea 1- (3-methylpheny)> 3- (1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) -urea 1- (3,4-dichlorophenyl) -3- (1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) -hafnstoff 1-Methyl-3- (1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) -urea 1,1-dimethyl-3- (1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) -urea 1,1-dimethyl-3-methyl-3- (1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) -urea 1-Methyl-3-methyl-3- (1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) -urea 1-Phenyl-3- (1,2 , 3-thiadiazol-5-yl) thiourea

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1- (4-Chloro-phenyl) -3- (1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) -thiourea 1- (2-pyridyl) -3- (1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) -urea 1- (5-Chloro-2-pyridyl) -3- (1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) -urea 1- (4-methyl-2-pyridyl) -3- (1,2,3- thiadiazol-5-yl) -urea 1- (4-methyl-2-pyrimidyl) -3- (1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) -urea 1- (4-pyridyl) -3- (1, 2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) -urea 1- (3_Py _r idyl) -3- (1,2 _t 3-thiadiazol-.5-yl) -urea 1- (2-pyrimidyl) -3- (1 _f 2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) -urea 1- (3-methyl-2-pyridyl) -3- (1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) -urea 1- (5-methyl-2 -pyridyl) -3- (1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) -iiarea 1- (6-methyl-2-pyridyl) -3- (1- _t, 2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) -urea .

Examples of substances of the general formula II are:

5- (phenylcarbomylimino) -1,2,3-thiadiazolin-2-id, sodium salt XH 2 O

5- (Phenylcarbamoylimino) -1,2,3-thiadiazolin-2-id, calcium salt x8HpO

5- (Piienylcarbamoylimino) -1,2,3-thiadiazolin-2-id, potassium salt xEL ^ O

5- (phenylcarbamoylimino) -1,2,3-thiadiazolin-2-id, lithium salt x4HpO

5- (methylphenylcarbamoylimiho) -1,2,3-thiadiazolin-2-id, sodium salt xHpO

S-iMethylpehnylcarbamoylimino) - , ^^ - ^ -id thiadiazoline,

Potassium salt XH2O:

5- (methylphenylcarbamoylimino) -1,2,3-thiadiazolin-2-id, lithium salt xHpO

5- (2-pyridylcarbamoylimino) -1,2,3-thiadiazolin-2-id, sodium salt x 1.5 HpO

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5- (2-Pyridylcarbamoylimino) -1,2,3-thiadiazoline-2-id,

Potassium salt χΗ ₂ Ο

5- (2-Pyridylcarbamoylimino) -1,2,3-thiadiazoline-2-id,

Lithium salt χΗ ₂ Ο

5- (Phenylthiocarbamoylmino) -1

Sodium saiz xHpO

5- (phenylcarbamoylimino) -1 ^^ -

Magnesium salt x2HpO

'5- (phenylcarbanloylimino) -1 ^^ -

Zinc salt x3H ₂ O

5- (piienylcarbamoylimino) -1,2 _t 3-thiadiazolin-2-id,

Manganese salt x3HpO

5- (phenylcarbamoylimino) -1- (3-thiadiazolin) -id,

Barium salt x3HpO

These substances are suitable according to the invention in particular:

1-Phenyl-3- (1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) -urea 1- (2-Pyridyl) -3- (1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) -urea 5- (phenylcarbamoylimino ) -1,2,3 "fchiadiazolin-2-id-salts.

As by themselves ineffective, basic reacting substances according to the invention are the following:

Alkali metal hydroxides, _t for example, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, amines / such as alkylamines, for example triethylamine, alkanolamines such as diethanolamine, triethanolamine and tri-isopropanolamine, hexamethylenetetramine, carbonates such as sodium carbonate ^, potassium carbonate, ammonium carbonate,

2k «Hl 1933 * 078014

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Phosphate _t as tertiary phosphates, for example, trisodium phosphate, tripotassium phosphate, pyrophosphates, such as tetrasodium pyrophosphate or .Tetrakaliumpyrophosphat, monocarboxylic acid alkali metal salts "as sodium.

For this purpose, it is preferable to use substances which adjust the composition according to the invention to a pH above 8, preferably from 9-5 to 11.5.

Surprisingly, the composition according to the invention has an effect which is greater than that of the individual components.

It is therefore particularly suitable for defoliation of cotton plants, which in an ideal way 'the use of picking machines for the capsule harvest is made possible.

However, other plants may also advantageously be exfoliated or affected in their growth, such as tillering, side shoots, root growth inhibition in grasses and dicotyledons such as hibiscus, apple and other woody plants. It is understood that the agent according to the invention can therefore be used advantageously both for defoliation and for the growth regulation of plants.

It is known to those skilled in the art that the exfoliation is not a herbicidal effect and that even the killing of the treated plant is undesirable because the leaves remain attached to the killed plant and the productive plant parts can be damaged, the sense of defoliation, to a harvest relief and to come to a purer crop,

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can be lost through it. It is therefore necessary for the plant to remain alive while the leaves are sloughing off and falling off. This allows the further development of the productive parts of the plant, with new leaves to be prevented. All these objects solve the agent according to the invention in an excellent manner, so that it can be assumed that the prior art is far exceeded ·

The composition of the invention may also be used in admixture with other active ingredients, for example defoliants, plant protection or pesticides, depending on the desired purpose.

In addition, promotion of the effect and the rate of action can be achieved, for example, by effect enhancing additives such as organic solvents, wetting agents and oils. This allows for a further reduction in the application rate of the actual active ingredients.

The mixture according to the invention is expediently used in the form of preparations, such as powders, scattering agents, solutions, emulsions or suspensions, with the addition of liquid and / or solid carriers or diluents and optionally of wetting agents, tackifiers, emulsifying and / or dispersing assistants.

Suitable liquid carriers are, for example, water * aliphatic ^ and aromatic hydrocarbons, such as benzene, toluene, xylene, cyclohexanone, isophorone, dimethylsulfoxide, dimethylformamide, furthermore mineral oil fractions.

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Suitable solid carriers are mineral earths, for example, tonsil, silica gel, talc, kaolin, attaclay, limestone, silicic acid and vegetable products, for example flours.

Surfactants include, for example, sodium or calcium lignosulfonate, polyoxyethylene-alkylphenyl ethers, naphthalenesulfonic acids and their salts, phenolsulfonic acids and their salts, formaldehyde condensates, fatty alcohol sulfates, salts of long-chain fatty acids and substituted benzenesulfonic acids and their salts. ,

The proportion of the characterized mixture in the various preparations can vary within wide limits. For example, the bulkers contain about 5 to 95 percent by weight of this mixture, about 95 to 5 percent by weight of liquid or solid carriers and optionally up to 30 percent by weight of surface-active substances.

The weight ratio of the components in the characterized mixture should be about 1 part by weight of the exfoliating active substance to 0.5 to 1000 parts by weight of the inactive basic substance and depends on the sensitivity and resistance of the plants, the time of application, the climatic conditions and soil conditions.

The application rates for the desired defoliation are as a rule 1 to 10,000 g of mixture / ha, preferably 10 to 1,000 g of mixture / ha.

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The application of the agent can be done in the usual Vfeise, for example, with water as a carrier in Spritzbrühmengen of about 100 to 1000 liters / ha · An application of the means in the so-called "low-volume" or "ultra-low-Valume method" is also possible·

The exfoliating effective substances and the basic additives of the characterized mixture are known as such and can be prepared by methods known per se.

For the preparation of the preparations, for example, the following constituents are used:

a) 95 weight percent 4 weight percent 1 weight percent

b) 80 weight percent weight percent 3 weight percent

7% by weight

c) 20% by weight

weight

8% by weight 2% by weight

mixture

Kaolin "

Surfactants based on the sodium salt of N-methyl-N-oleyl-taurine and the calcium salt of lignosulfonic acid

Mixture Calcium salt of lignosulfonic acid Ammonium salt of monosulfuric acid ester of tetraethylene glycol nonylphenyl ether Colloidal silica

Mixture Tonsil Zellpech wetting agent based on a fatty acid condensation product

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d) 5% by weight of mixture 80% by weight of tonsil 10% by weight of cell pitch 5% by weight of wetting agent based on a

Fatty acid condensation product

The preparation of the preparations is carried out, for example, by mixing the individual components in a drum and

 subsequent grinding in a mill.

These preparations can be applied either directly or after dilution with water to the plants to be treated. The pH of these preparations is of particular importance for the effect potentiation of the mixture and should suitably be greater than 8, preferably from 9.5 to 11.5. his. It represents a particular embodiment of the invention.

Underlying examples are based on greenhouse experiments, which were usually carried out on cotton plants with 5 to 8 true leaves. The agents were applied in the form of aqueous preparations based on the above-mentioned compositions.

The evaluation of the experiments was carried out by counting the dropped since the application leaves and by calculating the proportion in % of the total number of leaves. For each test subject, the same number of sheets was always available in the individual test. From test to experiment, the number of leaves per test member was different between 20 and 28 leaves per test element.

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The following examples contain information on the active substance, basic substance, mixture, application rate and the determined percentage defoliation. In part, the percentage of defoliation in parentheses obtained by the combination is calculated as the value calculated using the method described by SR Colby, which would be expected in the presence of additive effects (SR Colby "Calculating Synergistic and Antagonistic Responses of Herbicide Combinations" Weeds 15 / 1 (1967) P 20-22).

The calculation was made according to the following formula:

; * + * - ⁵

where X = percentage defoliation with

Substance A at ρ kg of active ingredient / ha

X = percentage defoliation with

Substance B at q kg of active ingredient / ha

E = expected defoliation by A + B at ρ + q kg / ha.

If the observed value is higher than Colby's Y / e, the combination has a synergistic effect. The results of these examples clearly show the effect of promoting the exfoliating effective substance by the in principle ineffective basic substances.

example 1

Young cotton plants at the stage of 5 leaves were identified with the following components of the composition, namely

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Active ingredient, basic, reactive substances and their mixture treated (repeated 4-fold). The amount of water used was 500 l / ha. After a few days, the percentage of discarded leaves was noted. The results are shown in the following table:

ν ~ _Λ *, ~ + ^ application rate defoliation. E components _{± ng / ha} * _{in %} * _{(n #}

1-phenyl-3- (1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl-5-urea = I Example 2 80 500 35 K ₂ CO ₃ = II 500 500 0 K.P Or, = III 427 500 0 I + II 80+ 70 I + III 80+ 60

(35) (35)

Young cotton plants were treated as indicated in Example 1. The results are shown in the following table.

Tr, -, ™™ K, _OM 4-o _M application rate exfoliation E components _{± ng / ha} ^& . _{± n%} ^fa _{(n- Colby)}

1-phenyl-3- (1,2-thiadiazol-5-yl) urea = I = II 3 80 ν 500 - 500 - 500 - 500 57 K ₂ CO ₃ = XV 500 0 Wa ₂ CO ₃ = IV 500 0 (m ₄ ) ₂ co ₃ = = V. 500 0 K OH I + I + I + I + 500 0 II XV IV V ωωωω oooo 70 85 80 60

(57) (57) (57) (57)

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Example 3

Young cotton plants were as described in Example 1 be treated. The results are shown in the following table:

components I Application rate in g / h 500 Defoliation in % (Colby) 1-phenyl-3- (1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) urea logo CNRS logo INIST VI 40 500 29 Na-oleate logo CNRS logo INIST VII 500 + 500 0 Triethanolamine logo CNRS logo INIST VIII 500 0 Triethylamine. = I + 500 I + VI 40 + 33 (29) I + VII 40 + 43 (29) VIII 40 62 (29)

Example 4 "

Young cotton plants were treated as indicated in Example 1. The lower percentages of effect compared with the previous examples are due to unfavorable environmental conditions during the winter months of the experiment. The results are shown in the following table.

Components application rate defoliation

1-phenyl-3- (1,2.3-

thiadiazol-5-yl) -

urea = 1 80 0

K ₉ COo = II 500 0 ^{ά ä} 1 000 0

I +11 80 + 500 29

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⁵⁹ 773/12

Components. Defoliation

5- (phenyl-

carbamoylimino) »

1,2,3

thiadiazoline-2 »

Calcium salt = IX

IX + II 80 + 500 24

1- (2-pyridyl) -

3- (1,2,3-

thiadiazol-5-yl) -

urea = X 80, 0

X + II 80 + 500 23 »5

Example 5

Young cotton plants were treated as indicated in Example 4. The results are shown in the following table.

Components Application rate defoliation, E

in g / h in % (n. Colby)

5- (phenylcarbamoyl

imino) -1,2,3 ™

thiadiazoline-2-id,

Potassium salt XI 500 17

(17)

K ₂ CO ₃ = 6 II 500 0 XI H 500 -ι 39 example II h 500

Young hibiscus plants, each having 7 to 10 unfolded leaves, were treated as indicated in Example 1. "

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6 days after the application, the percentage of fallen leaves was detected.

components = II Effort in g / ha VJlVJl OO OO Defoliation in% E (n. Colby) = III I + II 2.5 10 VJlVJl OO OO O 4 1-phenyl-3- (1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) urea = I I + III 500 O K ₂ CO ₃ 500 2.5 η 10 H O 14 46 (O) (4) K ₄ P ₂ O ₇ 2.5 H 10 H 11 54 (O) (4)

Example 7

Young cotton plants were treated as indicated in Example 1. The results are shown in the following table.

components = II Application rate in g / ha Defoliation in % E (n. Colby) = III 40 19 1-phenyl- (1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) urea = 1 I + II 3000 0 K ₂ CO ₃ 3000 O K ₄ P ₂ O ₇ 40 + 300 57 (19) 40 + 1000 67 (19) I + III 40 + 3000 71 (19) 40 +10000 76 (19) 40 + 1000 40 + 3000 40 +10000 62 86 90 (19) (19) (19)

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Example 8

Young cotton plants were treated as indicated in Example 1. The results are shown in the following table.

components I Au fw an dm e ng e in g / ha Leaflet in % E (n. Colby) 1-phenyl- (1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) urea logo CNRS logo INIST II 40 33 KpCOo XVI 540 0 Hexamethylene tetramine 540 0 I + II 40 + 500 71 (33) I + XVI 40 + 500 48 (33)

Example 9

Young cotton plants were treated as indicated in Example 1. The results are shown in the following table.

components Application rate in g / h Defoliation in % E (n. Colby) 1-phenyl- (1,2,3-thiadiazyl-5-yl) urea = I 40 64 K ₂ CO ₃ = II 500 0 I + II 40 + 500 86 64 I + XVII 40 + 500 91 64

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Example 10

Young cotton plants were treated as indicated in Example 1. The results are shown in the following table.

components = XII In w o rk in g / h Defoliation .E 1-phenyl-1-methyl-1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl; -urea = II 40 63 K ₂ CO ₃ = XVII 500 0 K ₃ PO XII + 500 0 XII + II 40 + 500 71 63 XVII 40 + 500 76 63 Example 11

Young cotton plants were treated as indicated in Example 1. The results are shown in the following table.

ν · ητηηη « _Ο η + Ω» Application rate defoliation E

Components in g / h inf. (n. Colby)

5-phenylcarbamoyl

imino) -1,2,3-thiadiazolin

2-id, manganese salt = XIV 40 32

K ₃ PO ₄ - XVII 500 0

XIV + XVII 40 + 500 82 32

Example 13

Young ^ü itruspflanzen with 21 to 27 leaves were treated as in Example. 1 The results are shown in the table below.

1983 * 078 014

23Λ26

components

18 -

Application rate in g / h

59 773/12

Defoliation in %

1-phenyl- (1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) urea = I

K ₂ CO ₃ I + II

= II

300

1000 300 + 1000

1.9

48

example

Young plants of Urtica urens were sprayed with the erfindungsge-, MAESSEN means or with the individual components. Three weeks later, the fresh weight of the above-ground parts of the plant was determined. "The following table shows the relative values for plant height and fresh weight (untreated = 100)." The plants showed the desired squat, lower and therefore more stable growth compared to untreated control. "Nevertheless her fresh weight was higher. The results of the experiment show that the agent according to the invention causes a greater growth-regulatory effect than the individual components.

components

Application «Plant height fresh concentration relative weight in ppm relative

1-phenyl (1,2,3 '

thiadiazol-5-yl) urea = I

K ₂ GO ₃

= II I + II

26 2 + 26

100 75

113

100 131

2l ·. MRI 1933 * 078014

Claims (18)

OO / OCr Λ 59 773/12 234265 8 -19- · Invention s at 3 ρ ru ch 1. An agent, in particular for defoliation of plants, characterized in that it has a content of a 1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl-urea or 1,2,3-thiadiazoline-2-idderivat in admixture with a basic reacting Have substance. 2 3 A 2 6 5 8 - ²² - 2 kWL 1933 * 07 80 Ii _"Nc r fl ^{59 773/12} 2 l MRI 1933 * CT / 801 lbs 234265-8 59 773/12 .- 21 - 2, agent according to item 1, characterized in that it has a content of a 1,2,3 ^ Thiadiazol-5-yl-urea derivative of the general formula U C - H II -N-C-IJ (I), H G R <5 ilp in the R ^ is hydrogen or a C ^ -Cc R _{2 is} a C 1 -C 6 -alkyl radical, a C 1 -C 6 -cycloalkyl radical, a phenyl, halophenyl, C 1 -C 4 -alkylphenyl, C 1 -C 4 -alkoxyphenyl, nitrophenyl or trifluoromethylphenyl radical, an unsubstituted or a repeatedly identically or differently by C 1 -C 4 -alkyl radicals, C 1 -C -alkoxy radicals, halogen atoms, the nitro group or the trifluoromethyl-substituted pyridyl or pyrimidyl radical or R and Rp together with the N atom form the blorpholino, piperidino or pyrrolidino group, R is hydrogen or a C.-C [alkyl radical and X is an oxygen or sulfur atom. 234285 59 773/12 20 ~ 3. Composition according to items 1 and 2, characterized by a content of 1-phenyl-3 ~ (1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yD urea, 1-phenyl-1-methyl-3- (1.2 , 3-thiadiazol-5-yl) -urea or 1- (2-pyridyl) -3- (1,2,3-thiadiazol-5-yD-urea. 4. Composition according to item 1 _9, characterized in that it has a content of a 1,2,3-thiadiazoline-2-id derivative of the general formula T-r _ "_ p" V " Jf I ti J & ^ '6 IN C = NCM B®' (II) have, in the RJ is hydrogen or a Cj-Cj.-alkyl, Rp is hydrogen or a C.-C _t --Alkylrest ₉ a Cc-Co-cycloalkyl, phenyl, halophenyl, .C ^ -C.-alkylphenyl, C. -C, -Alkoxyphenyl - s _l nitrophenyl, or trifluoromethylphenylrestj an unsubstituted or mono- or polysubstituted or polysubstituted or disubstituted by CL-C-alkyl radicals, C ,, -C "alkoxy, halogen, the hitro group or the trifluoromethyl substituted Pyridyl or pyrimidyl or R-, and R ^ together with the IT atom, the morpholino, piperidino «or pyrrolidino group and B is an alkali metal atom, preferably a lithium, sodium or potassium atom, or a corresponding equivalent of a zinc, manganese , Calcium, magnesium or barium atoms, and X represent oxygen or sulfur « Composition according to items 1 and 4, characterized in that it has a content of 5- (phenylcarbamoylimino) -1,2,3-thiadiazolin-2-id, calcium salt, 5-phenylcarbamoylimino) -1,2,3-thiadiazoline -2-id, magnesium salt or 5-phenylcarbamoylimino) .- 1,2,3-thiadiazolin2-id, manganese salt. 6. A composition according to item 1, characterized in that they contain a basic reacting substance from the group of alkali metal hydroxides, amines, carbonates, phosphates or monocarboxylic acids alkali metal salts. 7 · Agent according to item 6, characterized in that it contains sodium or potassium hydroxide. 8. Composition according to item 6, characterized in that they contain triethylamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, triisopropanolamine or hexamethylenetetramine. 9. Composition according to item 6, characterized in that they contain sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate or ammonium carbonate. 10. Composition according to item 6, characterized in that they contain trisodium phosphate, tripotassium phosphate, tetrasodium pyrophosphate or tetrapotassium pyrophosphate. 11. Composition according to item 6, characterized in that they contain UTatriumoleat. 12. Composition according to item 1, characterized in that they contain 1-phenyl-3- (1, 2, 3-thiadiazol-5-yl) urea mixed with potassium hydrosolide, potassium carbonate, ammonium carbonate, tetrapotassium pyrophosphate, triethylamine, triethanolamine or sodium oleate. 13. A composition according to item 1, characterized in that they contain 1- (2-pyridyl) -3 ~ (1 _t 2,3-thiadiazol-5-yl) urea in admixture with potassium carbonate. 14. Composition according to item 1, characterized in that they contain 5- (phenylcarbamoylimino) -1 "2,3 ~ thiadiazoline-2-idcalciumsalz in admixture with potassium carbonate. 15. Composition according to item 1, characterized in that they contain the individual components in a ratio of 1 part by weight of the exfoliating active substance to 0.5 to 1000 parts by weight of the basic substance. 16. Composition according to item 1, characterized in that it has a pH greater than 8, preferably from 9.5 to 11.5 ». 17. A composition according to item 1, characterized in that it consists of 5 to 95 weight percent thiadiazol-5-yl-urea or 1,2,3-thiadiazolin ~ 2-id derivative in admixture with a basic reacting substance, 95 bis 5 percent by weight of liquid or solid carriers and optionally up to 30 percent by weight of surface-active substances. 18. Composition according to item 1 _S characterized by the fact that it was used for defoliation of cotton plants " L. T, luiiL, ι <j u L) · \ r ι X. I \} X 1