CZ29912U1 - Mold for manufacturing straight building blocks or corner building blocks - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: in manufacture of building products from semidry mixtures. Essence of invention: the method includes preparation of molding sand, its loading in a mold, performance of pressing with creation of hollows in building blocks, removal of an as- formed block and transportation according to the manufacturing route. The mold includes an array (1) made in sections, a punch (11) installed opposite to the array (1) and an interchangeable pallet (2), which makes it possible to extrude a formed product without use of the pressing- out mechanism, which makes the mold construction and method of manufacturing building blocks simpler and cheaper.

Description

Mold for the production of terraced building blocks or corner building blocks

Field of technology

The technical solution relates to a mold for the production of terraced building blocks or corner building blocks with a divided surface, which are used to create various structures, especially small perimeter structures, in particular fences, including fences, posts and gates, decorative posts, walls and others. structures and structures.

Prior art

The method of manufacturing building blocks by pressing and the mold for their realization are known to those skilled in the art. This information is made available in the information source designated RU 2087307 AI, 1997.

This known method is as follows: a semi-dry molding composition is prepared by mixing a mineral binder (cement), fine aggregate (ground material stabilized by additives) and water; the pressing mixture is filled into a mold which is exposed to vibrating pulses during filling; pressing is performed by pressing on the pressing mixture acting in the opposite direction: from bottom to top from the side of the die as it is moved on the driven pallet and by the reaction force of the firmly fixed cover from top to bottom; at the same time, compression takes place when the pallet speed changes (in 3 phases). If necessary, cavities are formed in the products during the pressing process by means of a machine for forming vertical cavities. The product is then removed from the mold. The removal is performed by extrusion while lifting the die upwards and the product is further extruded in accordance with a manufacturing process which includes the step of removing the product after extrusion and transporting it as needed, for example to a heat treatment or stacking position. This method introduces a variant of production of various construction products from mixtures of different composition, especially bricks with size (290x140x90) mm by pressing at high pressure (20 - 30 MPa) during one cycle, which has three phases given speed of feed of pallet matrix.

The following can be considered as weaknesses of the described method: one-sided compression of the molding compound using only the die results in an uneven density in the product depth which decreases towards the die cover, which has a negative effect on strength, frost resistance and other building product parameters.

The essence of the technical solution

The disadvantages of the known molds are largely eliminated by the mold for the production of row building blocks or corner building blocks according to the technical solution. The essence of the technical solution lies in the fact that the mold contains an arrangement flexibly mounted in a vertical plane, which has the possibility to rest on a replaceable pallet or a plate with a rail. The mold arrangement comprises an inner cavity formed by circumferentially closed walls, the inner cavity comprising flat side surfaces and symmetrically spaced meshes and notches having a trapezoidal shape to form fixing grooves and corresponding notches on the end faces of flexible row building blocks with dovetail connection the arrangement further comprises at least one chamfer matrix) which comprises three linear elements for each flexible building block, wherein one of the three linear elements is intended to form a fixation groove on the flexible row building block and the remaining two elements are intended to form a line cut. The mold arrangement further comprises a punch mounted against the vertically displaceable mold arrangement part, which comprises a mold plate with a profiled surface corresponding to the internal configuration of the mold arrangement part, the mold arrangement comprising an interchangeable pallet connection part and a hoist connection part. It is advantageous if the linear elements of the chamfering matrix are made with the possibility of horizontal displacement and mounted on a common holder. According to another preferred embodiment, the holder has the shape of a flat strip. According to another embodiment of the mold, it comprises a part for connection to the rail plate and a part for connection to the hoist.

The mold for the production of corner building blocks comprises an arrangement flexibly mounted in a vertical plane. This arrangement comprises at least one part for the production of a block with a hoist. This part comprises a housing, the internal configuration of which has a structure closed around the circumference and which is equipped with a bridge in the upper part and two inserts to form a cavity in the housing on

-1 CZ 29912 UI mounted symmetrically with respect to the bridge. The internal configuration of the housing includes symmetrically placed meshes and notches to form corresponding grooves, and meshes and notches also symmetrically located on the side surfaces having a trapezoidal shape to form corresponding grooves and meshes on the end faces of flexible corner building blocks with dovetail joints. On each flexible corner building block, two bevel dies are mounted perpendicular to each other. One chamfer die is formed by a linear element to form a fracture line at the end of the flexible corner building block and the other comprises three linear elements, one for forming a cutting line and the other for forming grooves on the flexible corner building block. Opposite the part of the arrangement, a vertical-displaceable punch is mounted, which comprises a mold plate with a profiled surface which corresponds to the internal configuration of the housing of the part of the arrangement, including cavities for the passage of the bridge and inserts. The arrangement is made with the possibility of support on a replaceable pallet or board pallet.

If the arrangement is supported on an exchangeable pallet, the linear elements of the chamfering die can be made in a horizontal displacement design and mounted on a common holder, which can be produced in the form of a flat strip. If the arrangement is supported on a plate pallet, the linear elements of the chamfering matrix can be in a design with the possibility of a fixed fixing on the pallet and its cross-section has the shape of a triangle.

Enclosures, including fences and decorative walls of various sizes and lengths, closed and open around the perimeter, are made of row and corner building blocks produced in a variant way.

The advantage of the technical solution lies in expanding the creation of building structures with a small perimeter, simplifying the construction of the building block and its production technology, simplifying the assembly of building structures with a small perimeter and increasing their strength.

Explanation of drawings

The technical solution will be explained in more detail with the help of pictures, which show:

Giant. 1 - mold for the production of a row building block with a hoist

Giant. 2 - a variant of the mold for the production of a terraced building block

Giant. 3 - general view of a terraced building block

Giant. 4 - mold for the production of a corner building block with a hoist

Giant. 5 - arrangement of a mold for the production of a corner building block with a hoist.

Giant. 6 - punch for the production of a corner building block with a hoist.

Giant. 7 - a variant of the mold for the production of a corner building block with a hoist.

Giant. 8 - general view of the corner building block.

Giant. 9 - general view of the fencing from terraced and corner building blocks.

Examples of technical solution

The mold 1 comprises an arrangement which has a circumferentially closed structure, flexibly mounted in a vertical plane and which has the possibility of resting on an exchangeable pallet 2 or a plate 3 with a rail. Form 1 comprises one or more parts, each part being intended for the production of a block with a hoist. The inner cavity of the part of the mold 1 for the production of a row building block (Figs. 1 and 2) is formed by walls closed circumferentially. The list of walls includes flat side surfaces and symmetrically placed eyelets and trapezoidal notches to form fixing grooves and corresponding notches on the end faces of the flexible row building blocks with the possibility of connecting the row building blocks with a dovetail joint. The inner cavity of the part of the mold 1 for the production of a corner building block (Fig. 5) is formed by a housing 4 having a structure closed around the circumference and equipped with a bridge 5 in the upper part and two inserts 6 to form a cavity in the housing 4 mounted symmetrically with respect to to the bridge. Internal housing configuration 4

-2GB 29912 The UI includes symmetrically placed meshes and notches to form corresponding grooves, and meshes and notches also symmetrically disposed on side surfaces having a trapezoidal shape to form corresponding floors and meshes on end surfaces of malleable corner building blocks with the possibility of connecting corner building blocks by dovetail. .

In addition to the mold for the production of a row building block, there are dies for chamfering 7, the number of which depends on the number of parts of the mold 1. The dies for chamfering 7 are mounted on an exchangeable pallet 2 or plate 3 with rail. There is one for each flexible terraced building block. Each chamfer die 7 comprises three linear elements 8, which can be mounted on a common holder 9. One of the elements serves to form a fixing groove on a flexible in-line building block and the two remaining elements serve to form a cutting line.

Two chamfering dies 7 and 10 (Figs. 4 and 7) mounted perpendicular to each other are used for the production of the corner building block. One chamfer 7 is made in the shape of a linear element 10 and serves to form a fracture line in the end part of the flexible building block. The second chamfer die 7 comprises three coaxial linear elements 8, the central element of which serves to form a cutting line and the two end elements serve to form grooves on a malleable corner building block. The three linear elements 8 can be mounted on a common holder 9.

The chamfering matrices 7 can have a triangular shape in cross section and can be firmly fixed on the skid plate 3 (Fig. 7).

The punch 11 (Fig. 6) is in a design with the possibility of sliding in the vertical direction and is mounted on the opposite side with respect to each part of the arrangement 6. It comprises a flange 12 for attaching the press ram, a mold plate 13 with a profiled surface which corresponds to the internal configuration of the mold part 1. In the manufacture of the corner building block, cavities are formed for the passage of the bridge 5 and inserts 6.

The construction of the mold 1 comprises an exchangeable pallet 2 or a plate 3 with a rail, which have the function of limiters for the molding sand. In addition, the exchangeable pallet 2 also serves as a tray for the block with the hoist, on which the extruded block with the hoist is placed on the base and allowed to harden.

Said method is in the following embodiment.

Forming sand is prepared in the form of a mixture of cement and sand, which contains cement PC 500 D 0; best quality sand, grain size 2.5 (washed); block-shaped granite gravel (fraction 5-20 mm); dyes, plasticizers; reinforcement with a diameter of 12-20 mm.

The prepared pressing mixture is placed in a dispenser.

With the mold 1 raised, the exchangeable pallet 2 is mounted on the vibropress plate. The chamfering dies 7 are mounted on the surface of the exchangeable pallet 2. The mold 6 is lowered onto the pallet 2 and a part of the mold 6 is filled with the pressing mixture.

The die 11 is lowered onto the press mixture, the upper and lower vibrators are switched on and the block with the hoist is formed.

After the molding process is completed, the chamfering dies 7 are removed from the mold 6, which are lifted with the die ££, the block with the hoist and pallet 2 is removed from the press and placed on a base where it is hardened, the block with the hoist is then cut into separate blocks and the side surfaces are cut.

The end faces are cut as required.

Plasticizers can be added to the molding sand to obtain special parameters such as moisture insulation, frost resistance, increased strength, good shrinkage, increased breathability, etc.

Dyes are added to the molding sand to color the blocks.

If the skid plate 3 is used in the production of building blocks, the chamfering dies 7 are firmly fixed on this skid plate 3, which is then fastened to the vibropress plate with the chamfering dies 7. After the forming operation is completed, the die ££ and the arrangement £ are lifted

-3 CZ 29912 UI together with molded block with hoist. The plate 3 with the skid with the chamfering dies is removed from the vibropress plate and an exchangeable pallet 2 is mounted on the vibropress plate. The block with the hoist is pushed onto this pallet from the arrangement by means of a punch.

Claims (13)

CLAIMS FOR PROTECTION A mold (1) for the production of in-line building blocks or corner building blocks, characterized in that the mold arrangement comprises an inner cavity formed by circumferentially closed walls, the inner cavity comprising flat side surfaces and symmetrically spaced meshes and notches having a trapezoidal shape to form fixing grooves and corresponding notches on the end faces of the flexible row building blocks for connecting the row building blocks by a dovetail joint; that the mold arrangement further comprises at least one chamfer matrix (7) comprising three linear elements (8) for each ductile building block, wherein one of the three linear elements (8) is intended to form a fixation groove on the ductile building block, and the remaining two elements are designed to create a cut line; and that the mold arrangement further comprises a punch (11) mounted against a part of the mold arrangement, the punch (11) comprising a mold plate (13) with a profiled surface corresponding to the internal configuration of the mold arrangement, the mold arrangement being formed for connection to an exchangeable pallet (2). ) or for connection to a hoist. Mold according to claim 1, characterized in that the linear elements (8) of the chamfer matrix (7) have a horizontal displacement and are mounted on a common holder (9). Mold according to Claim 2, characterized in that the embodiment of the holder (9) has the shape of a flat strip. Mold for the production of in-line building blocks according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the mold arrangement comprises a part for connection to the skid plate (3) and a part for connection to a hoist, said mold part comprising a housing whose internal configuration has a structure closed after and is provided with a bridge at the top and two inserts for forming a cavity in the housing mounted symmetrically with respect to the bridge, the inner configuration of the housing comprising symmetrically arranged meshes and notches for forming corresponding grooves and meshes and notches also symmetrically located on side surfaces having trapezoidal a shape for forming corresponding grooves and meshes on the end faces of the flexible corner building blocks for their connection by a dovetail joint, where on each flexible corner building block there are two bevel dies mounted perpendicular to each other, one chamfer die (7) being formed by a linear element ( 8) to create a fracture line in the end portion of the flexible corner building block and the other comprises three linear elements, one of which serves to form a cutting line and the other two to form grooves on a malleable corner building block. Mold according to Claim 4, characterized in that the linear elements (8) of the chamfering matrix (7) are mounted on a plate (2) with a slide. Mold according to Claims 4 and 5, characterized in that the linear elements (8, 10) of the chamfering matrix (7, 10) have a triangular cross-section. The mold according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it further comprises a housing (4), the internal configuration of which has a circumferentially closed structure and is provided with a bridge (5) at the top and two inserts (6) to form a cavity in the housing (4). ) mounted symmetrically with respect to the bridge (5), wherein the internal configuration of the housing (4) comprises symmetrically arranged meshes and notches to form corresponding grooves and meshes and notches also symmetrically located on side surfaces having a trapezoidal shape to form corresponding grooves and meshes at end ends. surfaces of flexible corner building blocks for their connection by dovetail joint, on each flexible corner building block there are two dies for chamfering (7, 10) mounted -4CZ 29912 UI perpendicular to each other, where one chamfer matrix (7) is formed by a linear element (10) to form a fracture line in the end part of a flexible corner building block and the other comprises three linear elements (8), one of which serves to form cutting line and the two remaining to form grooves on the malleable corner building block, the mold (1) further comprises a punch (11) which comprises a mold plate with a profiled surface corresponding to the internal configuration of the housing (4) including cavities for passage of the bridge (5) and inserts (6), the mold arrangement comprising a part for connection to the exchangeable pallet (2) and a part for connection to the hoist. Mold according to Claim 7, characterized in that the chamfering dies (7, 10) have a displacement in the horizontal plane. Mold according to Claim 8, characterized in that the chamfer die (7, 10) with the three linear elements (8) comprises a holder (9) in the form of a flat strip. Mold according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it comprises a part for connection to the exchangeable pallet (2) and a part for connection to the hoist. Mold according to Claim 10, characterized in that the chamfering dies (7) are firmly mounted on the skid plate (3). Mold according to Claim 11, characterized in that the linear elements (8, 10) of the chamfering dies (7, 10) have a triangular cross section. Mold according to Claim 10, characterized in that the chamfer die (7) with the three linear elements (8) is firmly mounted on the skid plate (3) and the chamfer die (10) with one linear element (8) is fixed. 10) shows a displacement in the horizontal plane.