MX2011009247A

MX2011009247A - Press for producing building blocks with a tongue-and-groove assembly.

Info

Publication number: MX2011009247A
Application number: MX2011009247A
Authority: MX
Inventors: Leonardo Maximino Cortes Martinez
Original assignee: Leonardo Maximino Cortes Martinez
Priority date: 2011-09-02
Filing date: 2011-09-02
Publication date: 2013-03-18
Also published as: WO2013032315A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a press for the production of building blocks with a tongue-and-groove assembly, characterised in that it comprises a support structure that defines a base for fixing a hydraulic actuator for ejecting the moulded blocks, joined centrally to a lower platen arranged horizontally as the bottom of at least one compartment. A lower male moulding die is fixed to said platen in a detachable manner. Said support structure comprises front, rear and side plates that define said compartment, and can receive, or not receive, the corresponding moulding dies as required. An upper platen for securely receiving an upper female moulding die is pivotably fixed to the upper part of the structure and comprises a handle for positioning the upper female die on said at least one compartment into which a prepared mixture has previously been poured, which will form at least one building block. A base of a hydraulic compression actuator is pivotably fixed to the upper part of the struc ture, which is suitable for positioning on said upper platen in order to compress the prepared mixture inside said at least one compartment, which will form at least one building block.

Description

PRESS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CONSTRUCTION BLOCKS OF MACHIHEMBRATE ASSEMBLY FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention is related to the construction industry in general, in particular it relates to the machinery, devices and equipment for the construction of constructive elements used in the construction industry; more specifically it is referred to a press for the manufacture of constructive blocks of tongue and groove assembly used for the construction of several buildings, mainly for the construction of walls.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION It is well known that in the construction industry for the generation and construction of various building walls, bricks, partitions, concrete blocks, etc. are traditionally used. where mortar is required for the union of said constructive elements. This type of systems are expensive and require more materials, water and labor to run.

There are other types of partitions or blocks that are hollow; whose purpose of the cavity is to pour a mortar or concrete and / or to house structural rods; however, it still requires a mixture of sand, lime and hydraulic cement.

Other types of blocks are also known, such as those comprising an eyebrow or projection on one face and a groove on the opposite side for their tongue and groove coupling with identical blocks attached; however, these are limited in their structure and configuration.

In general, the blocks are manufactured in metal molds, some of which are simple molds of predefined form in which the concrete mixture is emptied, mixtures of cement, sand and stone aggregates, adobes, or other mixtures depending on the materials of elaboration of said blocks, in which they are allowed to set for the subsequent demoulding.

Other molds include vibration systems to compact the mixes and generate a firmer and more resistant block.

Due to the diversity of shapes and types of blocks, there may be multiple forms and types of molds; for example, in the state of the art, the patent MX274909B of Donald P. Chennells filed on August 16, 2007, which is derived from a PCT / CA2006 / 000234 application filed internationally on February 17, 2006, and published as WO2006 / 086884, which protects a concrete block molding machine having a concrete mixing feed station, and a concrete molding and block ejection station adjacent to the feed station, where the molding station of concrete and block ejection has a vibration plate having a plurality of holes in a preselected hole pattern, a mold having an inner mold that can be placed on: the vibration plate and having holes in the design of pre-selected holes, and a support plate dimensioned and designed to form an inner face of a molded concrete block. An ejector plate having a plurality of projection rods in the preselected hole pattern can be placed under the vibration plate, with rods of such diameter passing through the holes in the vibration plate and the mold. Means are provided for raising and lowering a pressure plate assembly to compress a concrete mixture in the provided mold. Means are also provided for raising and lowering the ejector plate to contact and raise and lower the support plate outside and inside the mold.

There are other types of molds that consist of a pair of lateral plates parallel to each other and that are kept separated with a pair of transverse bars spaced to define an internal cavity, fixing means hold both parallel side plates and in the center may include cores by default they will define gaps or cavities in the block. The cross bars may include edges to generate side channels in the blocks.

US Patent No. 7,140,867B2 of Ronald J. Scherer et al, filed on January 4, 2002 and granted on November 28, 2006, which protects a mold assembly for use in forming in a machine was also located. blocks of multiple blocks of dry cast concrete pre-end u recido in each cycle of the machine, each block has upper and lower surfaces, a front surface, a rear surface (14). Opposite side surfaces, the mold comprises: a plurality of mold cavities, each comprising: a plurality of side walls defining a mold cavity having an open mold upper part and an open mold lower part; a first side wall of the mold including a first portion of converging side wall movably mounted so as to be movable between a first molding position at an angle to the vertical axis so that the mold cavity is wider in its upper part than in its lower part when dry cast concrete is introduced into the mold cavity, and a second unloading position in which the lower part of the mold cavity is at least as wide in order to allow that the pre-hardened concrete block is discharged through the bottom of the mold cavity, wherein the first portion of the converging sidewall extends through the entire distance of the mold cavity between two opposite side walls that they are adjacent to the second side wall; and a deforming shoe having a front comprising a three-dimensional pattern for insertion into the mold cavity through the open top of the mold cavity to press the stamped surface of the deforming shoe onto dry-cast concrete contained in the mold cavity. mold, in order to impart a pattern to the front surface of a pre-hardened concrete block.

US Patent 7,311,865B2 of Larry Don Williamson filed on March 12, 2004 and granted on December 25, 2007, which protects a block compacting machine including (a) an elongated open end compaction chamber was also found (50) having a filling gate opening (51), a longitudinal bore (52), a compression end (53), and an extrusion end (57), (b) a compaction head (20) pushes material within the compression end (53) of the compacting chamber (50) along the longitudinal perforation (52), (c) a continuous homogeneous block (40) comprised of all the previously compressed material occupies the thickness of the extrusion end (57) of the compaction chamber (50), and functions as an integral part of the compaction unit (100), (d) a hydraulic piston (10) (part of an actuator) provides movement to the compaction head (20) to compress the formation material of the loose blocks (40A), (e.g., earth) against the block (40). This forms a new lifted load (40B) that effectively merges with the previous raised load (40C) to form a continuous homogeneous block (40) of relatively high density material leaving the compaction unit (100). A cutting chamber (60) fractures the blocks to any desired length, while a support platform (70) supports and stores the blocks until they are used. A process is described that uses standard construction equipment and a modified lifting device to lift and place the blocks within a construction system. Addition- ally, a design feature (22) is incorporated in the compaction head (20) to increase the "friction threshold" of the material being compressed within the chamber (50).

Also found was the patent MX256381 of Ronald J. Scherer, filed on August 4, 2005 and granted on April 17, 2008, which is derived from PCT / US2004 / 002507 with an international filing date of August 26, 2004. , and which protects a block of concrete and the method for making the same, wherein a mold with a plurality of side walls is provided defining the mold cavity; the mold including a mold surface with a mirror image of the concrete block face of the desired three-dimensional pattern; introduce dry-cast concrete into the mold cavity; compact the dry-cast concrete to form a pre-cured concrete block, where during compaction, the face of the desired three-dimensional pattern is imparted to the concrete block pre-cured by the mold surface with the mirror image of the face of concrete block of the desired three-dimensional pattern; unloading the pre-cured concrete block from the mold cavity; and cure the pre-cured concrete block.

In the state of the art, as already explained, there is a diversity of molds and presses for the generation of prefabricated blocks for real estate constructions; but none of the documents discloses a press such as that of the present invention.

OBJECTIVES OF THE INVENTION The main objective of the present invention is to make available a press for the manufacture of construction blocks of tongue and groove assembly, which is structurally simple, easy to operate, efficient and resistant.

The main objective of the present invention is to make available a press for the construction of tongue-and-groove assembly blocks, which also allows generating various types of blocks with the change of mold dice, being able to generate wall blocks, corner blocks, blocks of foundation, blocks with longitudinal or vertical channels and / or with sacks for the pipeline layout of the electrical network, hydraulic, communications, sanitary, among others.

The main objective of the present invention is to make available a press for the construction of tongue and groove assembly blocks, which also allows to compress the blocks to offer more compaction and greater structural strength of said blocks.

The main objective of the present invention is to make available a press for the manufacture of tongue-and-groove assembly blocks, which also allows to demold the formed and compressed blocks, in a fast and efficient manner.

The main objective of the present invention is to make available a press for the manufacture of tongue-and-groove assembly blocks, which can also be operated by Anyone without the need to have special skills, which also allows the saving of time, labor and materials.

And all those qualities and objectives that will become apparent when making a general and detailed description of the present invention supported by the illustrated modalities.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In general, the press for the construction of tongue and groove assembly blocks, according to the present invention, consists of a support structure that defines a base where a hydraulic actuator for expelling molded blocks is centrally disposed, the stem of which extends vertically to be centrally joined to a bottom mold plate disposed horizontally as the bottom of at least one compartment; said plate being adapted to receive and detachably fix a lower molding male die; said support structure comprises respective front, rear and lateral plates defining said at least one compartment, being adapted to receive or not the corresponding anterior, posterior and lateral molding dies; an upper mold carrier plate adapted to fixedly receive an upper female mold die is pivotally fixed to the upper part of the structure in an area enclosed by said at least one compartment and comprising an extended handle adapted to manipulate and position said upper female die on said at least one compartment in which a prepared mixture is first poured which will form at least one building block; a base of a hydraulic compression actuator is pivotally fixed to the upper part of the structure on the opposite face where said upper mold female die carrier plate is fixed; which is adapted to be positioned on said upper mold-holding plate to compress the prepared mixture into said at least one compartment that will form at least one building block.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, said compartment comprises a central dividing plate that divides it into two compartments; said model dice being adapted to mold two blocks simultaneously.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention said press compartments are adapted to generate blocks for foundation, blocks for walls, blocks for finishing or closing and corner blocks.

In the preferred embodiment of the invention, said lower molding male die comprises a longitudinal central channel and two transverse channels spaced apart to generate on the underside of a molded block a longitudinal central edge and two transverse edges spaced apart for their tongue and groove coupling with the upper face of other blocks.

The die of the front plate of the at least one compartment comprises at least one vertical central edge for generating a vertical central channel in the front face of the molded block and the die of the rear plate of the at least one compartment comprises at least one central channel vertical to generate on the back side of the molded block a vertical central edge.

Said upper female mold die, in its preferred embodiment, comprises at least one longitudinal central edge and two transverse edges spaced from one another, so as to generate in the molded block a longitudinal central channel and two transverse channels separated from each other.

In another embodiment of the invention, at least one of the dice that are mounted on the side plates of said at least one compartment may comprise horizontal or vertical edges at predetermined positions, which will preferably generate on the internal side face of the molded blocks. , horizontal or vertical channels. In the tongue and groove coupling of multiple blocks, vertical or horizontal channels are defined for the conduction of ducts that allow hydraulic, communication or other electrical installation.

The shape and designs of the different dice may vary depending on the number of blocks to be molded and depending on the shape that will be given to the blocks to be molded.

The structure is adapted to receive other plates of internal division that allow to generate blocks of different dimensions used for foundation, wall, termination or enclosure and corner.

In its preferred embodiment the supporting structure is steel of a rectangular prism configuration with a plurality of steel reinforcing beams supporting the pistons and mold as described.

In order to better understand the characteristics of the invention, the present description, as an integral part thereof, is accompanied by the drawings, which are illustrative but not limitative, which are described below.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES Figure 1 shows a side view of the press for the manufacture of tongue and groove assembly blocks, in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 2 illustrates an explosive of the press for the manufacture of tongue-and-groove assembly building blocks, in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 3 shows a top view of the press for the manufacture of tongue and groove assembly blocks, whose compartment is open, in accordance with the present invention.

For a better understanding of the invention, a detailed description will be made of some of the modalities thereof, shown in the drawings that are attached to the present description for non-limiting illustrative purposes.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The characteristic details of the press for the manufacture of tongue-and-groove assembly building blocks, in accordance with the present invention, are clearly shown in the following description and in the accompanying illustrative drawings, the same reference signs serving to indicate the same. parts.

With reference to figures 1 and 2, the press is formed by a support structure 1 defining a base 2 where a hydraulic expelling actuator 3 is centrally disposed of the molded blocks, whose rod 4 extends vertically until it is centrally joined in a bottom mold carrier plate 5 disposed horizontally as a bottom of at least one compartment 6; said plate being adapted to receive and fix in detachable form a male die 7 of lower molding; said support structure 1 comprises respective front, rear and lateral plates 9 defining the said at least one compartment 6, being adapted to receive or not the corresponding anterior, posterior and lateral molding dies (not shown); an upper mold carrier plate 11 adapted to fixedly receive an upper mold female die 12 is pivotally fixed through a pivotal fixing means 13 in the upper part of the structure 1 in an enclosed area of said at least one compartment 6 and comprising an extended handle 14 adapted to manipulate and position said upper female die 12 on said at least one compartment 6 into which a prepared mixture that will form at least one building block is previously poured; a support base 15 of a hydraulic compression actuator 16 is pivotally fixed with a pivotal fixing means 17 in the upper part of the structure 1 on the opposite face where said upper female die carrier plate 11 is fixed; which is adapted to be positioned on said upper mold carrier plate 11 for compressing the prepared mixture into said at least one compartment that will form at least one building block.

Figure 2 shows that said compartment 6 in its preferred embodiment comprises a dividing plate 18 that divides it in two, to mold two blocks at a time.

With reference to Figure 3 shows a top view of the press for the manufacture of tongue and groove assembly building blocks, whose compartment is open, in accordance with the present invention. In said figure the preferred embodiment of the invention is appreciated, wherein the compartment 6 is divided by a dividing plate 18, and wherein the male die 7 of the lower mold of the lower mold carrier plate 5, comprises two longitudinal central channels 19 and two transversal channels 20 spaced apart to generate on the lower face of a molded block a longitudinal central edge and two transverse edges spaced apart from one another, for their tongue and groove coupling with the upper face of other blocks.

Said upper female die 12 mounted on the upper mold carrier plate 11 which is pivotally fixed through the pivotal fixing means 13, in its preferred embodiment comprises two longitudinal central edges 21 and two transverse edges 22 spaced apart from each other, to generate in the block formed a longitudinal central channel and two transverse channels separated from each other.

The die 23 of the front plate 8 comprises two vertical central edges 24 for generating on the front side of the molded block a vertical central edge and the die 25 of the rear plate 9 of the at least one compartment comprises two vertical central channels 26 for generating in the rear face of the molded block two vertical central edges.

In the side plates 10, dies (not shown) with vertical or horizontal edges that will define in the block vertical or horizontal channels that in the coupling with other similar blocks, generate continuous vertical or horizontal channels for the installation of ducts for various installations can be incorporated. The die may also include a rectangular or quadrangular edge to generate a cavity of the same shape in the molded block that allows the installation of electrical installation register boxes or other types of devices.

The design and shape of the different dice can vary depending on the shape that you want to give the block to mold.

In the same figure 3 the hydraulic compression piston 16 mounted on the support base 15 fixed pivotally with the pivotal fixing means 17 in the structure 1 is seen.

The invention has been sufficiently described so that a person with average skill in the art can reproduce and obtain the results that we mentioned in the present invention. However, any person skilled in the art who is competent in the present invention may be able to make modifications not described in the present application, however, if for the application of these modifications in a certain structure or in the manufacturing process thereof, the subject matter claimed in the following claims is required, said structures should be understood within the scope of the invention.

Claims

R E I V I N D I C A C I O N S Having sufficiently described the invention, the content of the following claim clauses is claimed as property.

1. - A press for the construction of tongue and groove construction blocks, characterized by comprising a support structure that defines a base where a hydraulic actuator is centrally disposed to eject the molded blocks, whose rod extends vertically to join centrally on a carrier plate bottom mold disposed horizontally as the bottom of at least one compartment; said plate being adapted to receive and detachably fix a lower molding male die; said support structure comprises respective front, rear and lateral plates defining said at least one compartment, being adapted to receive or not the corresponding anterior, posterior and lateral molding dies; an upper mold carrier plate adapted to fixedly receive an upper female mold die is pivotally fixed to the upper part of the structure in an area enclosed by said at least one compartment and comprising an extended handle adapted to manipulate and position said upper female die on said at least one compartment in which a prepared mixture is first poured which will form at least one building block; a base of a hydraulic compression actuator is pivotally fixed to the upper part of the structure on the opposite face where said upper mold female die carrier plate is fixed; which is adapted to be positioned on said upper mold-holding plate to compress the prepared mixture into said at least one compartment that will form at least one building block.

2. - A press for the construction of tongue and groove assembly blocks, according to claim 1, characterized in that said compartment comprises a central dividing plate that divides it into two compartments; said model dice being adapted to mold two blocks simultaneously.

3. - A press for the manufacture of tongue-and-groove assembly blocks, according to the re-indication 1, characterized in that said supporting structure is made of steel of a rectangular prism configuration with a plurality of steel reinforcement joists supporting the pistons and mold.

4. - A press for the construction of tongue and groove assembly blocks, according to claim 1, characterized in that said lower molding male die comprises a longitudinal central channel and two transverse channels spaced apart to generate on the underside of a molded block, a longitudinal central edge and two transverse edges spaced apart, for tongue-and-groove coupling with the upper face of other blocks.

5. - A press for the manufacture of tongue and groove assembly blocks, according to claim 1, characterized in that said upper mold female die comprises at least one longitudinal central edge and two transverse edges spaced apart to generate on the upper side of the molded block a longitudinal central channel and two transverse channels separated from each other, for coupling with the lower face of other blocks.

6. - A press for the construction of tongue and groove assembly blocks, according to claim 1, characterized in that the die of the front plate of the at least one compartment, comprises at least one vertical central edge to generate on the front face of the molded block a vertical central channel and the die of the back plate of the at least one compartment comprises at least one vertical central channel for generating on the rear face of the molded block a vertical central edge, for its tongue and groove coupling with other similar blocks.

7. - A press for the construction of tongue and groove assembly blocks, according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the dice that are mounted on the side plates of said at least one compartment comprises at least one horizontal edge and / or vertical in predetermined positions, which preferably generate on the internal side face of the molded blocks, at least one horizontal and / or vertical channel; where the blocks coupled in tongue-and-groove form with other blocks to form a wall, define continuous vertical or horizontal channels for the conduction of ducts that allow electrical, hydraulic, communication or other installation

8. - A press for the construction of tongue and groove assembly blocks, according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one of the dice that is mounted on at least one of the side plates of said at least one compartment, comprises a rectangular edge or quadrangular to define a cavity of the same shape in the internal face of the molded block, adapted to receive boxes for recording electrical connections or other devices.

9. - A press for the construction of tongue and groove assembly blocks, in accordance with the rei indication 1, characterized in that said at least one compartment is adapted to receive other plates of internal division that allow to generate blocks of different dimensions used to mold blocks for foundations, blocks for walls, blocks for completion or closing and blocks for corner, in a constructive system.

10. - A press for the construction of tongue and groove assembly blocks, according to claim 1, characterized in that said dice comprise various shapes and designs depending on the shape that the blocks to be molded will have.