CN211928879U

CN211928879U - Postpartum breast evaluation and postpartum breast rehabilitation skill training model

Info

Publication number: CN211928879U
Application number: CN202020291463.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 马常兰; 徐城娟; 马继伟
Original assignee: Jiangsu Health Vocational College
Current assignee: Nanjing Judian Feitu Image Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-03-11
Filing date: 2020-03-11
Publication date: 2020-11-13
Anticipated expiration: 2030-03-11

Abstract

The utility model discloses a postpartum breast evaluation and postpartum breast rehabilitation skill training model, which comprises a panel model, a left normal breast model and a right postpartum common problem breast model, wherein the left normal breast model and the right postpartum common problem breast model are arranged on the panel model; the panel model comprises a skin panel and at least two braces, and the braces are connected with the skin panel and used for locking the skin panel in front of the chest of a user; the right side postpartum common problem breast model includes a right side breast base, breast skin, adipose tissue, multiple breast ducts, and multiple fibroids. The model has the advantages that the model is designed and researched according to the evaluation of the breasts of postpartum women and the rehabilitation skill training of the breasts of the postpartum women, and various common problems possibly occurring in the breasts of the postpartum women are found in time through the evaluation of the breasts of the postpartum women, and corresponding treatment is carried out.

Description

Postpartum breast evaluation and postpartum breast rehabilitation skill training model

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a teaching and training model, specifically speaking relate to a postpartum breast aassessment and postpartum breast rehabilitation skill training model.

Background

The obstetrics and gynecology is a highly practical subject, and always focuses on the cultivation of the practical operation ability and the practical ability of students, and mainly provides the students with the opportunity of practical participation, so that the students can independently design experiments or perform clinical scene simulation, and teachers play a role in supervision and guidance.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a postpartum breast aassessment and recovered skill training model of postpartum breast, this model is to the breast aassessment of postpartum woman and the recovered skill training of postpartum breast and design research and development, through carrying out breast aassessment (inspection) to postpartum woman, in time discover the multiple common problem that postpartum breast probably appears to carry out corresponding processing.

In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model discloses a specific technical scheme is:

a postpartum breast evaluation and rehabilitation skill training model comprises a panel model, a left normal breast model and a right postpartum common problem breast model, wherein the left normal breast model and the right postpartum common problem breast model are arranged on the panel model;

the panel model comprises a skin panel and at least two braces, and the braces are connected with the skin panel and used for locking the skin panel in front of the chest of a user;

the left normal breast model comprises a normal breast model and a left breast base, the normal breast model is arranged on the left breast base, and the left breast base is detachably arranged on a skin panel of the panel model; the left breast base is in a disc shape made of transparent PVC materials, and a normal breast model is adhered to the upper surface of the left breast base; the lower surface of the left breast base is adhered to the skin panel;

the breast model for the common problems of the right postpartum side comprises a right breast base, breast skin, adipose tissues, a plurality of breast ducts and a plurality of fibroids, wherein the right breast base is in a disc shape made of transparent PVC materials, the adipose tissues are filled in the breast skin through sponges, the breast skin is adhered to the right breast base, the breast ducts are made of soft transparent tubes, a plurality of hose bulges are arranged on the breast ducts in advance, the diameter of each hose bulge is larger than that of each breast duct, and the hose bulges are used for simulating breast cysts formed by the breast ducts due to milk stasis; a plurality of mammary ducts are radially arranged in adipose tissue, one ends of all the mammary ducts are converged at the top end of the breast skin to form a nipple, and the other ends of all the mammary ducts extend out of the right breast base to be used for accessing liquid simulating milk; the fibroids are made of rubber, and a plurality of fibroids are embedded in the adipose tissue for perception by the user.

To the utility model discloses technical scheme's preferred, adopt the snap fastener to dismantle the connection between the breast skin of normal breast model and the left side breast base.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model, its beneficial effect is:

1. the utility model discloses model among the technical scheme, according to the postpartum breast size design of women, the profile is clear, and the anatomical landmarks is accurate, and the image is lifelike naturally. The model takes the anatomical features of the normal female breast as the basis from the appearance to the internal structure, and gives the learners the feeling of clinical real environment.

2. The utility model discloses the model among the technical scheme is braces dress formula design, hangs in the front of the chest, can freely shirk, conveniently carries out seat or supine position breast self-checking, breast nursing and postpartum recovered technical training.

3. The utility model discloses model among the technical scheme, high artificial adult's women breast model adopts high-quality, environmental protection material to make, and is nontoxic pollution-free. Has elasticity, is not afraid of falling, and is easy to store and transport. Soft and real operation hand feeling, durability and the like.

4. The utility model discloses model among the technical scheme, different design is taken to both sides breast model:

(1) the left breast is a normal breast model, is covered by transparent material on the outer surface and can be opened or closed, and the anatomical structure of the internal normal mammary gland can be clearly observed after the left breast is opened.

(2) The right breast is a breast model with common postpartum problems, presents the morphological characteristics of female postpartum breasts, and is designed with various common postpartum breast problems, such as the clinical signs of acute mastitis, milk stasis and mammary abscess. In the breast base device, unobstructed pipelines are regularly arranged, and liquid with different colors is selectively injected according to requirements to simulate the property of effusion in the breast.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a first perspective view of the model of the present embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a second perspective view of the model of the present embodiment.

Fig. 3 is a model cut-away view of a right-side postpartum common problem breast model.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention is explained in detail below, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

In order to make the disclosure of the present invention more comprehensible, the following description is further made in conjunction with the accompanying fig. 1 to 3 and the embodiments.

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the invention.

Example (b):

it should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the postpartum breast evaluation and postpartum breast rehabilitation skill training model comprises a panel model 1, a left normal breast model 2 and a right postpartum commonly asked questions breast model 3, wherein the left normal breast model 2 and the right postpartum commonly asked questions breast model 3 are arranged on the panel model 1.

As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, the female breast generally ranges from the 2 nd intercostal space to the 6 th or 7 th intercostal space, and is located on the surface of the pectoralis major muscle. The medial side reaches the lateral sternum line and the lateral side reaches the anterior axillary line.

The panel model 1 of the present embodiment comprises a skin panel 11 and at least two straps 12, the straps 12 being connected to the skin panel 11 for locking the skin panel in front of the chest of the user.

As shown in fig. 1, the left normal breast model 2 in this embodiment includes a normal breast model and a left breast base, the normal breast model is disposed on the left breast base, and the left breast base is detachably disposed on the skin panel of the panel model; the left breast base is in a disc shape made of transparent PVC materials, and a normal breast model is adhered to the upper surface of the left breast base; the lower surface of the left breast base is adhered to the skin panel.

The normal breast model is as large as the natural shape of a woman's postpartum breast, and has a hemispherical shape with a height of about 30cm, a width of about 20cm, and a thickness of about 10 cm.

The normal breast model used in this example is a known model, and this model mainly comprises mammary glands and other adipose tissues, in which the fat accounts for 66%, the glands account for 33%, and the ducts and connective tissues account for 1%. The main mammary tissue is composed of 15-25 mammary leaves which are radially arranged by taking a nipple as a center, each mammary leaf is separated by a stroma and is provided with an own excretion tube called a milk transfusion tube, and the opening of the excretion tube is arranged on the nipple. The internal structure of the tree is like a small tree growing upside down. The lactiferous ducts are also called as lactiferous ducts, are radially arranged, gradually become thin from thick to thin, extend to the surface of the nipple, and are opened at the nipple (6-8 small holes are communicated with the inside of the lactiferous ducts).

As shown in figure 1, the breast skin of the normal breast model is detachably connected with the left breast base by adopting snap fasteners. The free disassembly of the breast skin of the normal breast model facilitates the observation of internal structures.

As shown in fig. 3, the right postpartum common problem breast model 3 includes a right breast base 31, a breast skin 32, an adipose tissue 33, a plurality of mammary ducts 34 and a plurality of fibroids 35, and the breast skin, the adipose tissue, the plurality of mammary ducts and the plurality of fibroids constitute the postpartum common problem breast model.

The right breast base is made of a disc-shaped transparent PVC material, adipose tissues are filled in breast skin through sponges, the breast skin is adhered to the right breast base, the breast duct is made of a soft transparent tube, a plurality of hose protrusions 36 are arranged on the breast duct in advance, the diameter of each hose protrusion is larger than that of the breast duct, and the hose protrusions are used for simulating galactocele of the breast duct formed by milk stasis; a plurality of mammary ducts are radially arranged in adipose tissue, one ends of all the mammary ducts are converged at the top end of the breast skin to form a nipple, and the other ends of all the mammary ducts extend out of the right breast base to be used for accessing liquid simulating milk; the fibroids are made of rubber, and a plurality of fibroids are embedded in the adipose tissue for perception by the user.

In the right side postpartum common problem breast model of the embodiment, the flexible tube bulge on the lactiferous duct is circular or elliptical, and the flexible tube bulge is relatively soft in texture and smooth in surface. During the operation, the inner liquid can be punctured and extracted, and the extracted liquid can confirm that the lump in the breast becomes soft and small.

The diameter of the right breast base of the embodiment is larger than that of a breast model with a postpartum common problem, and a circle of water tank is arranged on the periphery of the right breast base and communicated with a mammary duct inside a breast. The opening of the water tank is filled with elastic substances, and liquid can be injected from the opening according to the requirement.

The postpartum breast evaluation and rehabilitation skill training model of the embodiment has the following functions: (1) the model can visually demonstrate the anatomical structure of the breasts and the whole process of postpartum breast evaluation, and simultaneously guides learners to identify common problems of the postpartum breasts and implement corresponding treatment.

(2) The model can be used for practice teaching of professional skills such as daily breast care and postpartum breast rehabilitation, and is convenient for learners to master relevant anatomical knowledge of breasts, a method for evaluating postpartum breasts and relevant skills for postpartum breast rehabilitation.

(3) The model can be used for comprehensive practice and skill operation assessment of multiple skills such as breast assessment, daily breast care (hot compress, massage, cleaning and the like), nipple depression correction, auxiliary lactation promotion, milk stasis dredging, acute mastitis (or abscess) treatment and the like.

The postpartum breast assessment and postpartum breast rehabilitation skill training model of the embodiment is applicable to the following range, (1) is applicable to teaching of teachers and medical students in medical colleges and clinical teaching hospitals; (2) the device is suitable for the practice of popularizing breast feeding skills in pregnant woman schools and expectant mother classrooms set by various medical institutions; (3) is suitable for skill training and examination of postpartum rehabilitation teachers, lactation promotion teachers, infant nurses and mother-infant nurses.

The postpartum breast assessment and postpartum breast rehabilitation skill training model of the embodiment, the teaching (using) method:

the postpartum recovery refers to active and systematic recovery guidance and training aiming at the psychological and physiological changes of the postpartum woman in a special period under the guidance of a scientific health concept, and comprises the checking, recovery and guidance of postpartum uterine involution, pelvic floor recovery, body recovery, breast feeding, psychology, nutrition and the like of the puerpera, so that the physical and mental health of the puerpera is quickly and comprehensively recovered.

Study of breast anatomy and physiological function

1. Appearance: understand the characteristics of the nipple, areola and areola gland (also known as Mongolian nodule).

2. The internal structure of the normal breast reveals the skin of the breast on the left normal breast model, from which the internal anatomical structure is clearly visible, and consists mainly of the mammary gland and other fatty tissues, of which 66% fat, 33% glands and 1% ducts and connective tissues.

(1) The main mammary tissue: the mammary gland consists of 15-25 mammary glands which are radially arranged by taking a nipple as a center, each mammary gland is separated by a stroma, and each mammary gland is provided with an own drainage tube called a milk transfusion tube with an opening at the nipple. The internal structure of the tree is like a small tree growing upside down.

(2) Ductus lactis: about 20, radially arranged, gradually thinned from thick to thin to the surface of the nipple, and opened on the nipple (6-8 small holes are communicated with the inside of the mammary duct).

(II) training/assessment of postpartum breast assessment (examination)

The model can simulate and demonstrate (or teach) the whole course of the evaluation of the postpartum breast, and help learners to master the relevant anatomical knowledge of the breast and the skill of the evaluation of the postpartum breast.

1. Assessment key

(1) Visual inspection: understanding the shape and contour of the breast: the appearance and contour of the double breast are abnormal, the skin is not changed, and the skin is not ulcerated, pigmented, rash and skin temperature. Secondly, nipples: the position, the size and the symmetry of the nipple, the color of the nipple presents a simulated natural color, whether the opening of the top milk duct is blocked or not, and the like. ③ areola: the pigmented area around the nipple, with granular elevations (Mongolian nodules) around the areola, secretes lipid-like substances to lubricate the nipple. The areola color presents a simulated natural color.

(2) Palpation: to understand whether there is any mass in the breast, attention should be paid to the size, number, texture, mobility, whether the mass is clear, whether it adheres to the surrounding skin tissue, whether there is tenderness, etc. Then, the nipple was lightly squeezed with the index finger and the middle finger to observe whether there was any bloody secretion.

A. Body position: lie flat on back with the shoulders slightly raised, or sit.

B. Fingering: the fingers are closed and touched with the finger abdomen.

C. The range is as follows: the two sides, including the area under the clavicle, the midline of the sternum, the area under the auxiliary bone and the area under the armpit.

D. The sequence is as follows: gradually moving the upper part of the breast clockwise to check whether the lump exists or not, and touching longitudinally or radially according to the sequence of external upper, external lower, internal upper and axillary.

F. Note that: touching the axilla, the tail lobe of the breast and the clavicle to see if there is any lump; whether a bag block is arranged around the areola; whether the nipple is squeezed or not is checked to check the liquid discharge of the secretion. The contralateral breast was examined by the same method.

(3) The evaluation results are described: the learner is guided to identify common problems possibly existing in the postpartum breasts, such as nipple depression, cracked nipple, milk stasis, acute mastitis, mammary abscess and other typical problems through the systematic examination of the postpartum breasts.

(4) Evaluation and assessment: and observing the whole process of breast evaluation of the student by using the model, wherein the whole process comprises body position, manipulation and preliminary results, and evaluating the learning effect of the student and the like.

(III) training/checking of daily nursing skills of postpartum breasts

1. The daily nursing of the postpartum breast can be intuitively demonstrated (or taught), a learner is guided to perform skill operations such as breast cleaning, hot compress and massage, and the learning effect of the student is evaluated.

2. The teaching and training of related skills of breast feeding, such as correct feeding posture, nipple containing mode, skill operation of manual milking, electric milking and the like, and the evaluation of learning effect of students are carried out.

(IV) rehabilitation skill training/assessment of common problems of postpartum breasts

And observing the whole process of breast evaluation of the student by using the model, wherein the whole process comprises body position, manipulation and preliminary results, and evaluating the learning effect of the student and the like.

1. The breast is preliminarily judged to have various common problems, such as crater nipple, cracked nipple, milk stasis, acute mastitis, mammary abscess and the like.

2. The learner simulates and practices various manipulations for correcting crater nipple, treatment of cracked nipple, and the like.

3. The learner simulates and implements a correct lactiferous duct dredging method, so that the postpartum breast milk dredging condition is visually presented, and whether each step of the operation is correct or not is observed under direct vision.

4. The learner simulates and implements the puncture treatment of the mammary abscess and judges the severity of the disease. Through the pipes regularly arranged in the base device, the liquid with different colors is injected according to the requirement to simulate the property of the effusion in the breast, and the quantity and the property of the injected liquid are manually controlled.

Attention points

1. When the model teaching demonstration (or) is used for operation, 2 persons are required to cooperate with each other.

2. After the breast model is injected with liquid with different colors, the breast model needs to be cleaned so as to keep the pipeline smooth and keep the model dry.

The utility model discloses the part that does not relate to all is the same with prior art or can adopt prior art to realize.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A postpartum breast evaluation and postpartum breast rehabilitation skill training model is characterized by comprising a panel model, a left normal breast model and a right postpartum common problem breast model, wherein the left normal breast model and the right postpartum common problem breast model are arranged on the panel model;

2. The model for postpartum breast assessment and rehabilitation skills training according to claim 1, wherein the skin of the breast of the normal breast model is detachably connected with the base of the left breast by a snap fastener.