CN201312133Y - Charging device, energy-storing device and charging station - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is applicable to the field of electric power, and provides a charging device, an energy storage device and a charging station. The energy charging unit is connected to store the electric energy discharged and output by the energy storage and charging unit; and the DC-DC charging cabinet is connected to the energy storage device and uses the electric energy discharged and output by the energy storage device to charge externally. The utility model slowly charges the energy storage device when there is no charging demand, and uses the fully charged energy storage device to quickly charge the electric vehicle, which effectively reduces the demand for the power grid for the construction of the charging station, and contributes to the construction of the electric vehicle charging station. large-scale application.

Description

Charging equipment, energy storage device and charging station

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of electric power, in particular to a charging device, an energy storage device and a charging station.

Background technique

Under the situation of rising international crude oil prices and the country's promotion of environmental protection, the voice of using electric vehicles is getting louder and louder. Most existing electric vehicles use battery packs to store electric energy, and when the electric vehicle is short of electricity, the electric energy is supplemented from the grid through charging equipment to provide power for the electric vehicle.

Figure 1 shows the working principle of the existing electric vehicle charging. The AC-DC (AC/DC) charging cabinet converts the AC voltage provided by the power grid into a DC voltage to charge the electric vehicle. In order to increase the mileage of a single charge, electric vehicles usually need to be equipped with a battery pack with a larger capacity, but the long charging time for a large-capacity battery pack is not conducive to the popularization and application of electric vehicles. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the output power of the charging equipment to achieve the purpose of fast charging, but while increasing the output power of the charging equipment, the power requirements for the grid are also correspondingly increased. For example, to achieve 400V/600A fast charging, the output power is 240KW, and the demand for grid power is already very high. If there are 4 electric vehicles that need fast charging at the same time, the input power will be as high as 1000KW. Such a high grid power demand makes the electric vehicle charging station Large-scale application is very difficult.

Utility model content

The purpose of the embodiment of the utility model is to provide a charging device, aiming to solve the problem that the existing charging device is slow to charge and requires a high power grid, which makes the large-scale application of electric vehicle charging stations difficult.

The embodiment of the utility model is achieved in this way, a charging device, the device includes:

Energy storage charging unit, which converts electrical energy into DC voltage discharge output;

an energy storage device connected to the energy storage charging unit to store the electric energy discharged and output by the energy storage charging unit; and

The DC-DC charging cabinet is connected with the energy storage device, and uses the electric energy discharged and output by the energy storage device to charge externally.

Another object of the embodiments of the present utility model is to provide a charging station using the above-mentioned charging device.

Another object of the embodiments of the present utility model is to provide an energy storage device applied to the above-mentioned charging equipment, which stores the input electric energy and discharges the stored electric energy for output.

The embodiment of the utility model slowly charges the energy storage device when there is no charging demand, and uses the fully charged energy storage device to quickly charge the electric vehicle, which effectively reduces the demand for the power grid for the construction of the charging station, and is conducive to the charging of the electric vehicle large-scale application of the site.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the working principle diagram of existing electric vehicle charging;

Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of a charging device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of the AC/DC charging cabinet provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a structural diagram of an energy storage device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a structural diagram of the DC/DC charging cabinet provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the utility model clearer, the utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the utility model, and are not intended to limit the utility model.

In the embodiment of the utility model, the energy storage device of the charging equipment is slowly charged when there is no charging demand, and the fully charged energy storage device is used to charge the electric vehicle quickly when it is necessary to charge the electric vehicle, which can effectively improve the performance of the electric vehicle. The charging speed can reduce the demand on the power grid for the construction of charging stations.

Fig. 2 shows the structure of the charging device provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and for the convenience of description, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown.

The energy storage charging device 21 converts electric energy into a DC voltage discharge output, and charges the energy storage device 22 . As an embodiment of the present invention, in addition to connecting to the power grid, solar energy (solar panels are laid on the roof of the charging station) and wind energy (wind generators are installed on the top of the charging station) can be used to supplement the energy storage device 22, and the solar or The wind energy is converted into electric energy and stored in the energy storage device 22. Since the characteristics of these two energy sources are that the power generation time is discontinuous and the power generation is not constant, it works well together with the battery pack in the energy storage device 22.

In the following, an alternating current-direct current (AC/DC) charging cabinet is used as the energy storage charging device 21 as an example for description.

The AC/DC charging cabinet is connected to the grid and converts the AC voltage of the grid into DC voltage. The energy storage device 22 is connected with the AC/DC charging cabinet, and stores the electric energy discharged and output by the AC/DC charging cabinet. The DC-DC (DC/DC) charging cabinet 23 is connected to the energy storage device 22, uses the electric energy discharged and output by the energy storage device 22 to charge the electric vehicle (EV) to be charged, and stabilizes the DC voltage signal discharged and output by the energy storage device 22 After processing, it is output to electric vehicles.

As an embodiment of the present invention, the energy storage device 22 may be a storage battery, and the iron battery is preferred because the iron battery has the characteristics of safe high-rate charge and discharge.

When idle, the AC/DC charging cabinet slowly charges the energy storage device 22 through the grid, and when there is an electric vehicle to be charged, the fully charged energy storage device 22 is used to quickly charge the electric vehicle. When the energy storage device 22 fast charges the electric vehicle, the grid does not need to provide high power. At the same time, more energy storage devices 22 can be equipped to meet the requirements of fast charging of multiple electric vehicles at the same time, which effectively reduces the requirements of the charging equipment on the power grid, and facilitates the establishment of charging stations. If it is charged at night or during the off-peak period of the power grid, it can also save a lot of power resources.

Fig. 3 shows the structure of the AC/DC charging cabinet provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and only shows the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention for convenience of description.

The leakage circuit breaker is connected between the grid and the isolation transformer. When there is a leakage, it cuts off the AC voltage signal input to the isolation transformer through the grid, thereby providing power input protection.

The isolation transformer is connected with the earth leakage circuit breaker, isolates the power grid, and converts the AC voltage of the power grid before outputting it. Of course, when the influence of leakage is not considered, the isolation transformer can also be directly connected to the power grid.

The rectification and filtering module is connected with the isolation transformer, and outputs the AC voltage signal after being rectified and filtered by the isolation transformer.

A plurality of parallel connections form at least one charging module group, and the charging module group is connected with the rectification and filtering module, and the DC voltage signal output by the rectification and filtering module is used for external charging. Taking the voltage range of the energy storage device 22 as 400V to 500V, the output of the DC/DC charging cabinet 23 as 400V/600A, and the output of the AC/DC charging cabinet as 500V/60A as an example, each charging module in the charging module group can Provide constant current 10A charging within the range of 400V-500V.

The main control board of the AC-DC charging cabinet is connected with the charging module group to control the opening of the charging module and adjust the charging current of the charging module group. The main control board of the AC-DC charging cabinet can control and open different numbers of charging modules according to the charging demand, so as to realize the adjustment of the charging current. As an embodiment of the present invention, the main control board of the AC-DC charging cabinet can also maintain external communication through the CAN bus.

The auxiliary power supply is connected to the main control board of the AC-DC charging cabinet, and provides working voltage to the main control board of the AC-DC charging cabinet.

Fig. 3 shows the structure of the energy storage device provided by the embodiment of the present invention, taking the storage battery as an example, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown for convenience of description.

The battery pack is composed of multiple batteries, such as lithium-ion batteries connected in series. The single discharge capacity of the battery pack is not lower than the charging capacity of the battery pack in the electric vehicle. The voltage range is determined according to the charging demand, such as 400V-500V.

The battery manager is connected with the battery pack, controls the on-off of the charging and discharging path of the battery pack, and monitors the voltage, current, temperature, and humidity of each battery in the battery pack to ensure the safety of charging and discharging the battery pack.

The charging relay is connected between the AC/DC charging cabinet and the battery manager, and under the control of the battery manager, realizes the switching of the charging path between the energy storage device 22 and the AC/DC charging cabinet.

The discharge relay is connected between the battery manager and the DC/DC charging cabinet 23. Under the control of the battery manager, the discharge path between the energy storage device 22 and the DC/DC charging cabinet 23 is switched on and off.

When charging the battery pack, the battery manager controls the charging relay to turn on, so that the battery pack and the AC/DC charging cabinet form a charging circuit. When the total voltage of the battery pack reaches the upper limit voltage of the voltage range, such as 500V, or the voltage of a single battery is higher than the charging upper limit voltage, the battery manager controls the charging relay to turn off to stop charging the battery pack.

When the battery pack is discharging (charging the electric vehicle), the battery manager controls the discharge relay to turn on, so that the battery pack and the DC/DC charging cabinet 23 form a discharge circuit. During the discharge process, when the total voltage of the battery pack drops to the lower limit of the voltage range, such as 400V, or the voltage of a single cell is lower than the lower limit voltage of discharge, the battery manager controls the discharge relay to turn off, and the battery pack stops discharging.

As an embodiment of the present invention, a pre-charging circuit can be connected between the battery manager and the DC/DC charging cabinet 23 so that no surge current will be generated when the battery pack is connected to the DC/DC charging cabinet 23 .

As an embodiment of the present utility model, the energy storage device 22 also includes a battery equalizer, which is connected to the battery pack. When the battery pack is idle, the battery equalizer works to detect batteries with a large deviation from the average voltage, perform equalization processing on them, and repair them. The consistency of the battery voltage in the battery pack maintains the charging and discharging performance.

Fig. 4 shows the structure of the DC/DC charging cabinet provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and only the parts related to the embodiment of the present invention are shown for convenience of description.

A charging module group composed of multiple charging modules connected in parallel, the charging module group is connected to the energy storage device 22, and outputs the electric energy discharged by the energy storage device 22 to realize the charging of the electric vehicle. Taking the voltage range of the energy storage device 22 as 400V to 500V, the output of the DC/DC charging cabinet 23 as 400V/600A, and the output of the AC/DC charging cabinet as 500V/60A as an example, each charging module can achieve a range of 400V-500V Constant current 10A charging.

The main control board of the DC-DC charging cabinet is connected with the charging module group, controls the opening of the charging module in the charging module group, and adjusts the charging current of the charging module group. The main control board of the DC-DC charging cabinet can control and open different numbers of charging modules according to the needs, so as to realize the adjustment of the charging current. As an embodiment of the present invention, the main control board of the DC-DC charging cabinet can also maintain external communication through the CAN bus.

The auxiliary power supply is connected to the main control board of the DC-DC charging cabinet, and provides working voltage to the main control board of the DC-DC charging cabinet.

In the embodiment of the present utility model, the charging modules in the AC/DC charging cabinet and the DC/DC charging cabinet 23 all adopt a non-isolated step-down (BUCK) topology circuit, which is a continuous current when charging the battery, and the efficiency is as high as 96 % or more, and due to the constant current control method adopted, multiple charging modules can be directly connected in parallel without a special current sharing circuit.

As an embodiment of the present utility model, the charging modules in the AC/DC charging cabinet and the DC/DC charging cabinet 23 may also have other modified alternatives, for example, when a boost circuit is used, although when the battery pack is charging the electric vehicle The voltage will drop, but it will still be boosted by the charging module to the voltage of the battery pack of the electric vehicle, so as to keep the charging current constant, and there is no need for the lowest value of the total voltage of the battery pack to be greater than the full voltage of the electric vehicle, which can reduce the number of batteries connected in series in the battery cabinet, but needs to be increased The capacity of the battery cabinet ensures that the total voltage of the battery pack will not drop to the lower limit of discharge when the charging of the electric vehicle is completed.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the configuration of the number of charging modules in the AC/DC charging cabinet and the DC/DC charging cabinet 23 can also be adjusted according to the actual situation.

In addition, the energy storage device 22 can be an independent system. For example, multiple energy storage devices can be prepared for pre-charging and ready for use. When an electric vehicle needs to be charged, it can be connected to the DC/DC charging cabinet 23 for use. At the same time, the energy storage device 22 can be equipped with multiple battery packs to meet the more frequent charging requirements of electric vehicles. Moreover, the battery pack can be charged at night when the power grid is low, so as to balance the load of the power grid and reduce the cost of use.

Obviously, the utility model can be used to construct various charging stations for electric vehicles, which is convenient for large-scale application of charging stations for electric vehicles.

In the embodiment of the utility model, an energy storage device is added to the existing direct power supply charging equipment, and the energy storage device is charged slowly when there is no charging demand, and the fully charged energy storage device is used to quickly charge the electric vehicle, effectively reducing the It meets the needs of the charging station construction for the power grid and contributes to the large-scale application of electric vehicle charging stations. At the same time, the multi-module parallel connection method is adopted, which has good redundancy and high reliability, and the charging current is easy to adjust. It can also save power resources when charging during the off-peak period of the power grid.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included in this utility model. within the scope of protection of utility models.

Claims (10)

1. A charging device, characterized in that the device includes: Energy storage charging device, which converts electrical energy into DC voltage discharge output; an energy storage device connected to the energy storage charging unit to store the electric energy discharged and output by the energy storage charging unit; and The DC-DC charging cabinet is connected with the energy storage device, and uses the electric energy discharged and output by the energy storage device to charge externally. 2. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein the energy storage charging unit is an AC-DC charging cabinet, and the AC-DC charging cabinet includes: Isolation transformer, which converts the AC voltage of the power grid and then outputs it; The rectification and filtering module is connected to the isolation transformer, and outputs the AC voltage signal output by the isolation transformer after rectification and filtering; A charging module group composed of a plurality of charging modules connected in parallel is connected to the rectifying and filtering module, and the DC voltage signal output by the rectifying and filtering module is used for external charging; The main control board of the AC-DC charging cabinet is connected to the charging module group, controls the opening of the charging module, and adjusts the charging current of the charging module group; and The auxiliary power supply is connected to the main control board of the AC-DC charging cabinet, and provides working voltage to the main control board of the AC-DC charging cabinet. 3. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein the energy storage device comprises: At least one battery pack composed of multiple batteries connected in series; A battery manager, connected to the storage battery pack, controls the on-off of the charging and discharging path of the storage battery pack; The charging relay is connected between the AC-DC charging cabinet and the battery manager, and under the control of the battery manager, realizes the on-off of the charging path between the energy storage device and the AC-DC charging cabinet ;as well as The discharge relay is connected between the battery manager and the DC-DC charging cabinet, and under the control of the battery manager, realizes the on-off of the discharge path between the energy storage device and the AC-DC charging cabinet . 4. The charging device according to claim 3, wherein the storage battery is an iron battery. 5. The charging device according to claim 3, wherein the energy storage device further comprises: The battery equalizer is connected to the battery pack, and when the battery pack is idle, it detects the battery that deviates from the average voltage and performs equalization processing. 6. The charging device according to claim 3, wherein the energy storage device further comprises: The pre-charging circuit is connected with the discharging relay. 7. The charging device according to claim 1, wherein the DC-DC charging cabinet comprises: A charging module group composed of a plurality of charging modules connected in parallel is connected to the energy storage device, and the electric energy output by discharging the energy storage device is output; The main control board of the DC-DC charging cabinet is connected to the charging module group, controls the opening of the charging module, and adjusts the charging current of the charging module group; and The auxiliary power supply is connected with the main control board of the DC-DC charging cabinet, and provides working voltage to the main control board of the DC-DC charging cabinet. 8. A charging station comprising a charging device according to any one of claims 1 to 7. 9. An energy storage device applied to the charging device of claim 1, which stores the input electric energy and discharges the stored electric energy for output. 10. The energy storage device according to claim 9, wherein the input electric energy is converted by solar energy or wind energy.

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