CN201173511Y - Novel gasification energy-saving furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

A novel gasification energy-saving stove relates to the field of civilian gasification stoves. The stove reduces costs by simplifying processing and reducing consumables. The stove adopts a circular, square, truncated cone or a combination thereof shape structure. The stove core is a single-layer structure and the inner wall is lined with a refractory insulation layer to form a fuel gasification chamber in the stove core. The combustion stove adopts an auxiliary stove with a flame and smoke fire-blocking device and a stepped main and auxiliary stove structure. The auxiliary stove is connected to the flame and smoke outlet of the main stove. A secondary air preheating chamber is arranged at the connection between the main stove and the fuel gasification chamber, and secondary air oxygen supplementation and combustion-supporting holes are arranged on the inner peripheral wall thereof. An ash outlet cover, an ash outlet cover air inlet hole, and an ash outlet cover air inlet regulating plate device are arranged at the ash outlet. The stove is suitable for use in rural households and can burn combustibles such as firewood, corn cobs, plant roots, straw, shavings, sawdust, etc. The stove has a good combustion effect, high thermal efficiency, and is easy to use, and can solve the fuel problem of farmers throughout the year.

Description

New gasification energy-saving furnace

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of civil gasification stoves.

Background technique

At present, due to the continuous rise of coal prices, the problem that rural residents cannot afford coal has attracted the attention of technical research and development personnel, and has carried out technological innovations on traditional civilian stoves, and invented a firewood that is suitable for rural households and can burn ubiquitous rural areas. , corn cobs, plant roots picked out from crop fields, plant stalks, treetops, shavings, sawdust and other renewable combustible gasification stoves. On the one hand, it reduces the coal purchase expenses of rural residents and saves coal consumption. On the one hand, gasification stoves are burned in a gasification or semi-gasification state, which saves fuel and reduces smoke and dust emissions, reflecting energy conservation and environmental protection; civil gasification stoves produced after technological innovation include blast type and natural wind type Two, the biggest technical problem of the blast type gasifier is poor operability, complicated operation and use, which brings inconvenience to users; and the natural wind type gasifier such as: 94213388.9 adjustable gasification wood-saving furnace, 98250950.2 Adjustable gasification wood-saving stove, 00236746.7 Biomass environmental protection and high-efficiency gasifier, 200710078313.9 Production method of household biomass semi-gasifier and gasifier and other stoves: First, there are two or three layers of furnace, the purpose of which is to pass The interlayer supplies air to the secondary and tertiary oxygen-supplementing and combustion-supporting holes, but the material consumption is large and the production and processing are complicated, which leads to a substantial increase in cost and a high price of the product, making the economy worse; The middle or upper part is equipped with a feeding port, the purpose of which is to facilitate feeding without lifting the pot. In fact, people do not cover the feeding port cover after adding materials during use, which is a habitual action of using traditional stoves, which leads to The material in the furnace cannot be gasified, which directly affects the gasification combustion effect.

Invention content:

In order to solve the defects of large production consumables, complex processing and high price, the utility model proposes a new type of energy-saving gasifier with high thermal efficiency, which has less consumables, simple production and processing, low product cost and high thermal efficiency.

When the utility model is made, its shape, size and specifications, the furnace body structure adopts a circular, square, circular truncated shape or a combination of circular, square, circular truncated shape structure, and the manufacturing materials can be selected according to needs. Generally, iron plates or iron sheets, Production of castings, refractory materials, etc.

The structural features of the utility model are:

The structure of the furnace body adopts a circular, square, frustum-shaped or a combination of circular, square, and frustum-shaped structures; the furnace is a single-layer structure, and its shape is a hollow cylindrical or square column, frustum-shaped structure; To increase the gasification temperature in the gasification chamber and prolong the service life of the furnace, the inner wall of the furnace is lined with a wall with a thickness of not less than 2 cm and a height from the secondary air oxygen supply and combustion-supporting hole to the position of the furnace bars and even to the bottom of the furnace. The refractory insulation layer makes it form a fuel gasification chamber in the furnace; a trapezoidal or disc-shaped The shape of the secondary air preheating chamber (the purpose of preheating is: if it is cold air, it will reduce the temperature of the combustion flame and affect the cooking firepower). There are 2 to 5 rows of secondary air supplementary oxygen and combustion-supporting holes arranged in a staggered way. The holes around the inner wall or 1 to 4 square or circular openings on the outside of the wall at the junction of the furnace inner wall and the secondary air preheating chamber are the air inlet holes for the air into the secondary air preheating chamber ( shown in Figure 1); the second is to set 1 to 4 air intake passages at the junction of the furnace and the secondary air preheating chamber, one end of the air outlet of the air intake passage is connected with the secondary air preheating chamber, and the air intake passage is pasted On the outer wall of the furnace and extend to the bottom of the furnace (as shown in Figure 3) or the air intake channel is attached to the inner wall of the furnace and wrapped in a refractory insulation layer. The lower gray chamber leads to the outside (shown in Figure 2). The shape of the main stove is circular or square, and there is a fire arresting ring inside. The purpose is: under the suction effect of the chimney, the flame and smoke are not drawn horizontally by the chimney, but are blocked by the fire arresting ring. Make the flame and flue gas rise vertically, flow evenly to the surrounding after touching the bottom of the main stove, and then flow to the auxiliary stove through the flame and flue return channel; in order to balance the chimney draft, ensure that the bottom of the main stove is heated evenly, and block the fire The rear end of the ring, that is, the main stove flame and smoke outlet, is higher than the front end. Since the length of the gasification flame can reach 30-100 cm, in order to achieve more energy saving and improve thermal efficiency, an auxiliary stove is added. The auxiliary stove is set at the flame and flue gas outlet of the main stove, and its shape is round or square hollow. The box body is equipped with a fire-stopping device in the shape of a chimney handle inside, and the shape of the device can be made into a circle or a square; the fire-stopping device of the auxiliary stove is connected to the flame and smoke outlet of the main stove, and the fire outlet is vertical Align with the pot bottom of the auxiliary stove, the flue gas outlet of the auxiliary stove is connected to the chimney; the auxiliary stove is actively connected to the main stove, and the auxiliary stove can be installed and detached. The user decides whether to use the main and auxiliary stoves together or use them alone according to the specific situation The main stove; in order to prevent the auxiliary stove from collapsing under the pressure of the pot on the auxiliary stove during use, a supporting tripod is set at the bottom of the auxiliary stove. The ash outlet is provided with an ash outlet cover, an air inlet hole of the ash outlet cover, and an air inlet regulating plate device of the ash outlet cover; the shape of the ash outlet and the ash outlet cover can be square, round or any other shape. , the size specification depends on the size of the furnace body. One or more air inlet holes are arranged on the ash outlet cover, and the purpose of controlling the size of the fire is achieved by adjusting the primary air volume through the regulating plate.

The basic principle of gasification and energy saving is that due to the function of the air inlet regulating plate of the ash outlet cover, a large amount of air enters from the ash outlet to provide the oxygen supply to the first ignition point of the grate, and anoxic combustion is formed at this point. (Due to the thermal insulation effect of the refractory insulation layer, the gasification temperature is guaranteed, which promotes the continuous and stable generation of combustible gas), and under the suction of the chimney, a large amount of air passes through the air inlet of the secondary air preheating chamber or The air inlet channel of the secondary air preheating chamber is drawn into the secondary air preheating chamber for preheating, and then is drawn into the top of the fuel gasification chamber through the secondary air supplementary combustion hole, and the fuel gasification chamber is gasified and sent up The combustible smoke is mixed and stirred to form a second ignition point, so that the combustible smoke can be fully burned; in addition, the flame burning at this second ignition point is not completely the flame of the combustible smoke, but the flame at the initial stage of ignition and When the combustible material burns to the later stage, the flame formed by the burning of the material is the flame of the direct combustion of the material, so the utility model is a semi-gasification furnace; because it is the anoxic combustion of the first ignition point, the combustion of the combustible material is controlled and prolonged The speed and the addition of auxiliary stoves improve thermal efficiency and realize energy saving; because the generated flue gas is combustible flue gas converted by pyrolysis, and is burned at the second ignition point, so that the chimney emits less smoke and dust, realizing environmental protection effect.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described.

Accompanying drawing 1 is the structural diagram of the utility model new gasification energy-saving furnace (the air inlet mode of the secondary air preheating chamber is the holes that surround and evenly distribute in the furnace liner).

Accompanying drawing 2 is the structure schematic diagram of the gasification energy-saving furnace of the utility model (the air intake mode of the secondary air preheating chamber is an air intake channel type and the secondary air preheating chamber is arranged on the top of the fuel gasification chamber and connected with the main stove place).

Accompanying drawing 3 is the structure schematic diagram of the new gasification energy-saving furnace of the utility model (the air intake mode of the secondary air preheating chamber is an air intake channel type and the secondary air preheating chamber is arranged at the bottom of the main stove and connected with the fuel gasification chamber place).

In the accompanying drawings: 1 is the ash outlet cover, 2 is the air inlet regulating plate of the ash outlet cover, 3 is the air inlet hole of the ash outlet cover, 4 is the ash outlet, 5 is the furnace gall, 6 is the refractory insulation layer, 7 It is the air inlet hole of the secondary air preheating chamber (Fig. 1) or the air intake channel (Fig. 2 and Fig. 3), 8 is the secondary air preheating chamber, 9 is the secondary air oxygen supply and combustion-supporting hole, and 10 is the fire arresting ring , 11 is the flame and flue gas return channel, 12 is the main stove, 13 is the main stove pot, 14 is the auxiliary stove pot, 15 is the fire outlet of the auxiliary stove fire blocking device, 16 is the main stove flame and flue gas outlet, 17 is 18 is the fire stop device for the auxiliary stove, 19 is the auxiliary stove, 20 is the flue gas outlet of the auxiliary stove, 21 is the chimney, 22 is the supporting tripod for the auxiliary stove, 23 is the fuel gasification chamber, 24 Is a grate, and 25 is the lower ash chamber, and 26 is the bottom of the furnace.

When using coarse materials such as firewood and corncobs, insert them vertically or obliquely or randomly pile them into the fuel gasification chamber, add them to the secondary air oxygen supply and combustion holes, and then put some paper After being ignited and ignited, the air that enters through the ash outlet and passes through the grate continues to rise to provide the ignited firewood, corncobs and other coarse materials with oxygen to support the combustion, and the ignited When the part burns, a large amount of heat is released. Through heat radiation and heat conduction, the firewood near the ignition part is also gasified, and it also starts to burn after reaching a certain level. This chain reaction continues until the firewood at the grate part is also ignited. , forming the first ignition point at the grate; at the same time, with the expansion of the combustion zone, according to the principle of geophysical hot air flowing upward, the hot air (combustible smoke) generated at the top of the fuel gasification chamber continues to Since the temperature of the air in the secondary air preheating chamber is lower than that of the top of the fuel vaporization chamber, this space generates internal pressure and under the suction of the chimney, the secondary air preheating chamber The preheated hot air inside is swept and injected into the top 3 cm of the fuel gasification chamber through the secondary air oxygen supply and combustion-supporting hole, and the combustible flue gas and flame sent up by the fuel gasification chamber are pyrolyzed and gasified. Mix with each other and play a stirring role, so that combustible smoke and flame can be fully burned, forming a second ignition point in this area; due to the suction of the chimney, a large amount of air pours in from the ash outlet and passes through the grate The fuel gasification chamber is supplied to make the first ignited wood burn more vigorously, the temperature of the fuel gasification chamber rises sharply, the gasification of the firewood is also more rapid, and the amount of combustible smoke generated also increases greatly. The gasification flame is not suitable for making meals at home and is not conducive to energy saving; in order to control the combustion and gasification speed, so that the flame of gasification combustion can achieve the best effect of making meals, by buckling the ash outlet cover, use the ash outlet cover to enter The purpose of controlling the fire can be achieved by adjusting the air intake by the air regulating plate; under the blocking action of the fire arresting ring, the high-temperature flame rises vertically, and after touching the bottom of the main stove, it flows evenly to the surroundings, and is sucked by the chimney. After the flame and the flue gas return channel flow to the auxiliary stove, through the blocking effect of the chimney turn-shaped fire blocking device arranged inside the auxiliary stove, it is pushed to the bottom of the pot on the auxiliary stove, and then is drawn out of the house by the smoke outlet of the auxiliary stove through the chimney.

The fuel in the furnace has basically been burned from ignition to the furnace, but there is still a certain amount of red hot charcoal left on the furnace bar. You can continue to use the pot.

When using shavings, sawdust and other debris, first remove the grate, and insert a wooden stick or plastic tube with a diameter of 5 cm and a length of 60 cm vertically from the main stove to the fuel gasification chamber to the center of the bottom of the furnace. And stand upright, and then insert a 5 cm diameter stick or a plastic tube with a length of 20 cm from the ash outlet to connect with the stick or plastic tube inserted from the main stove to form a right angle, and put shavings, sawdust, etc. The debris is poured from the main stove into the fuel gasification chamber, and compacted to fill up to the secondary air oxygen supply and combustion hole, and the wooden stick or plastic tube is pulled out to form a small hole connected vertically and horizontally; put a piece of paper Stacked into long strips, lit one end and stuffed it into the horizontal hole of the ash outlet. When the flames burst out from the main stove through the vertical hole, they can cook and boil water; the basic principle is that the air entering through the ash outlet Continuously rising to provide the shavings, sawdust and other debris around the ignited vertical hole with oxygen to support the combustion. When the ignited part burns, a large amount of heat is released. Through heat radiation and heat conduction, the shavings and sawdust near the ignited part The scraps are also heated and gasified, and start to burn after reaching a certain level. This chain reaction continues until the scraps such as shavings and sawdust at the refractory insulation layer are also gasified and ignited. The first ignition point is formed at the small hole perpendicular to the furnace; at the same time, with the expansion of the combustion zone, according to the principle of geophysical hot air flow upward, the hot air flow (combustible smoke) generated at the top of the fuel gasification chamber Continuous upward flow, because the temperature of the air in the secondary air preheating chamber is lower than that of the top of the fuel gasification chamber, this space generates internal pressure and under the suction of the chimney, the secondary air is preheated The preheated hot air in the chamber is swept and injected into the top 3 cm of the fuel gasification chamber through the secondary air oxygen supply and combustion-supporting hole. The flames are mixed together and have a stirring effect, so that the combustible smoke and flames can be fully burned, forming a second ignition point in this area; due to the suction of the chimney, a large amount of air is poured in from the horizontal hole of the ash outlet , so that the first ignition point burns more vigorously, the temperature of the fuel gasification chamber rises sharply, the gasification of the material is also faster, and the amount of combustible smoke generated is also greatly increased. Too many gasification flames are not suitable for home production Meals are also not conducive to energy saving. In order to control the combustion and gasification speed, so that the flame of gasification combustion can achieve the best effect of making meals, by buckling the ash outlet cover and using the ash outlet cover air intake adjustment plate to adjust the air intake, you can The purpose of controlling the fire has been achieved; under the blocking effect of the fire arresting ring, the high-temperature flame rises vertically, flows evenly around after touching the bottom of the main stove, and then flows through the flame and flue gas return channel under the suction of the chimney. The auxiliary stove is pushed to the bottom of the pot on the auxiliary stove through the blocking effect of the chimney turning handle-shaped fire blocking device arranged inside the auxiliary stove, and then is drawn out of the room by the smoke outlet of the auxiliary stove through the chimney.

Because the utility model adopts the single-layer structure of the furnace and is lined with a refractory insulation layer on the inner wall, on the one hand, it reduces the consumables and simplifies the processing procedure, thereby reducing the processing cost. It prevents the phenomenon of ineffective gasification and poor effect caused by operating errors. On the other hand, the thermal insulation of the refractory insulation layer ensures the temperature required for the gasification of the fuel gasification chamber, thereby ensuring the gasification effect; The fire resistance of the insulation layer prolongs the life of the furnace; in order to further improve the thermal efficiency and realize energy saving, according to the principle of upward flow of geophysical hot air flow, an auxiliary stove slightly higher than the horizontal position of the main stove is added at the outlet of the main stove flame and flue gas , making up for the deficiencies of the prior art.

The utility model is suitable for use in rural households. It can gasify and burn combustible materials such as firewood, corncobs, plant roots, plant stalks, treetops, wood shavings, and sawdust picked out from crop fields. According to different fuels, it can be burned once filled. 20-60 minutes, the main stove cooks and cooks, and the auxiliary stove boils water and steams rice; summer stir-fry, cooking and winter heating. The utility model has outstanding energy saving and environmental protection effects, good combustion effect, high thermal efficiency, simple and convenient use, continuous feeding and continuous gas production, and can solve the fuel problem of farmers throughout the year.

Claims (6)

1, the feature of novel gasification energy-saving stove is: structure of furnace body adopts circular, square, truncated cone-shaped or circle, square, shape and structure that truncated cone-shaped combines; Flue is single layer structure and is lined with refractory insulating layer at inwall and makes it in flue to form the fuel gasification chamber; The burning kitchen range adopts has flame and flue gas keeps off the secondary kitchen range of fiery device and like the major and minor kitchen range structure of staged; Be provided with secondary wind preheating chamber at main kitchen range and connection, fuel gasification chamber, be provided with the combustion-supporting hole of secondary wind oxygenating at the inboard perisporium of secondary wind preheating chamber; Be provided with ash discharge flap and ash discharge flap fresh air inlet, ash discharge flap air inlet adjustment panel assembly at ash hole.

2, novel gasification energy-saving stove according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: flue be shaped as hollow cylindrical or square column type, truncated cone-shaped structure, inboard wall of furnace is lined with that its thickness is no less than 2 centimetres, height serves as a contrast to the fire bars position from the combustion-supporting hole of secondary wind oxygenating even serves as a contrast refractory insulating layer to furnace bottom.

3, novel gasification energy-saving stove according to claim 1 is characterized in that: main kitchen range be shaped as circle or square structure; Inside is provided with fire-stop ring, and promptly main stove flame in the rear end of fire-stop ring and smoke outlet are than front end height.

4, novel gasification energy-saving stove according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the shape of secondary kitchen range adopts circular or square hollow box body, and inside is provided with like chimney and turns the retaining of shape fire device, this device be shaped as hollow garden shape or square; The burner that advances that secondary kitchen range keeps off fiery device is connected with main stove flame and exhanst gas outlet, the bottom of a pan of the secondary kitchen range of crater perpendicular alignmnet, and the exhanst gas outlet of secondary kitchen range is communicated with chimney; Secondary kitchen range activity is connected in main kitchen range, and secondary kitchen range is mounted and removable, is provided with support foot rest in the bottom of secondary kitchen range.

5, novel gasification energy-saving stove according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the shape of secondary wind preheating chamber adopts trapezoidal or disc, be arranged on the top of fuel gasification chamber and main kitchen range connection or in the bottom and the connection, fuel gasification chamber of main kitchen range, the inboard top perisporium of secondary wind preheating chamber is provided with and is staggered 2 to the 5 row secondary wind oxygenatings combustion-supporting holes of isosceles triangle, and secondary wind preheating chamber air intake mode is: the one, on flue and the secondary wind preheating chamber junction perisporium outside, be provided with around and be distributed in flue one circle the hole or flue with 1 to 4 of secondary wind preheating chamber junction perisporium arranged outside is square or a circular section be fresh air inlet to secondary wind preheating chamber air intake; The 2nd, at flue and secondary wind preheating chamber junction 1 to 4 inlet channel is set, gas outlet one end of inlet channel and secondary wind preheating chamber are connected, inlet channel is affixed on furnace outer wall and extends to furnace bottom or inlet channel is affixed on inboard wall of furnace and is wrapped in the refractory insulating layer, and the air inlet of inlet channel is arranged on and leads to the outside apart from the fire bars position or by grey chamber down leading to the outside.

6, novel gasification energy-saving stove according to claim 1 is characterized in that: being shaped as of ash hole and ash discharge flap is square, circular, covers at ash hole and is provided with one or more fresh air inlet.

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