CN201166387Y - Pulverized coal boiler oil-free ignition starter - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an oil-free ignition starter for a pulverized coal boiler, which includes a igniter and a controller; Insulation layer, the inner layer is a refractory layer; more than one electric heating rod is arranged in the inner layer; the inlet end of the pilot burner is provided with a primary air inlet pipe, and the air inlet pipe axially leads into the inner cavity of the burner, and the outer layer There is a secondary air inlet pipe, the secondary air enters from the outer layer and flows along the interlayer space to the entire cylinder body, and then enters the inner cavity of the pilot burner through the secondary air nozzle on the inner layer to form a whirlwind, and the pilot burner The outlet end is connected to the furnace of the boiler; the controller sends adjustment signals according to the temperature detection and flame detection signals to adjust the primary and secondary air volumes and the electric power of the electric heating rod. The device can consume less energy than other ignition methods to ignite pulverized coal, saving energy; it has the comprehensive advantages of simple structure, easy maintenance, small start-up energy, and low operating cost.

Description

Pulverized coal boiler oil-free ignition starter

technical field

The utility model relates to an ignition starter for a pulverized coal boiler, in particular to an oil-free ignition starter for a pulverized coal boiler.

Background technique

When modern pulverized coal boilers are started up and running, oil guns are used to ignite the pulverized coal to start the boiler, and the pulverized coal is not put in until the furnace burns to a high temperature above the ignition point of the pulverized coal. A large amount of fuel oil is not allowed by the energy policy. Since pulverized coal is a solid fuel that flows at high speed in pipelines after being mixed with air, it is technically difficult to ignite it in a very short time, which is also the subject of research by countries around the world.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to propose an oil-free ignition starter for a pulverized coal boiler. The utility model applies comprehensive combustion technology in design, can use less energy to ignite coal powder, saves fuel oil, and reduces production costs.

The technical scheme of the utility model is to design an oil-free ignition starter for a pulverized coal boiler, which includes a igniter and a controller; layer, the outer layer is an insulation layer, and the inner layer is a refractory layer; more than one electric heating rod is arranged in the inner layer; the inlet end of the igniter is provided with a primary air inlet pipe, and the air inlet pipe axially leads into the induction The inner cavity of the burner is equipped with a secondary air inlet pipe on the outer layer. The secondary air enters from the outer layer and flows along the interlayer space to the entire cylinder body, and then enters the inner cavity of the pilot burner through the secondary air nozzle on the inner layer. A whirlwind is formed, and the outlet end of the pilot burner is connected to the furnace of the boiler; the controller sends out adjustment signals according to the temperature detection and flame detection signals to adjust the primary and secondary air volumes and the electric power of the electric heating rod.

In the above starter, the upper part of the inner layer of the cylinder is provided with a convex-concave heat-resistant material to form a boundary layer effect.

In the above starter, the pilot burner has a shuttle shape with small ends and a large middle. The inlet end forms a divergent area, and the outlet end forms a tapered area, which produces the Laval effect.

In the above starter, a plurality of small holes are respectively provided on the inner and outer walls of the inner layer.

In the starter described above, a ventilated heat storage high temperature resistant material is provided in the middle of the inner layer.

In the starter described above, the controller extracts the temperature detection signal of the region from the inner layer and inner cavity of the pilot burner, the flame detection signal from the inner cavity of the pilot burner, and the secondary air temperature detection signal from the interlayer.

In the above-mentioned starter, another oxygen delivery pipe leads into the described pilot burner, so that it can also be ignited when the quality of the pulverized coal is poor.

In the above starter, the device is provided with 1-50 layers of secondary air nozzles from top to bottom.

In the above starter, the secondary air nozzle of the device is arranged tangentially.

In the above starter, there are 2-50 secondary air nozzles on each layer.

Compared with the prior art, the oil-free ignition starter for pulverized coal boiler of the present utility model has the following advantages:

1. This device uses pulverized coal to ignite pulverized coal, which saves fuel oil and has extremely far-reaching energy strategic significance.

2. This device combines muffle combustion, cyclone combustion, especially boundary layer theory and Laval effect and other principles with electric heating methods. Small, low operating costs.

3. This device integrates fuel in the production plant, without the need to build fuel equipment and oil supply pipelines, saving infrastructure investment and management costs.

4. The device can be manufactured with different thermal powers and is suitable for different types of pulverized coal boilers.

5. The device is external, and it can be used as long as the primary and secondary air pipes of the original boiler are connected to the device. It is easy to install, the workload of on-site transformation is not large, and it is easy to promote.

6. This device can be used for stable combustion under low load.

7. This device can reduce the poisoning of the electrostatic precipitator, which is beneficial to environmental protection.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the oil-free ignition starter of pulverized coal boiler of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the combustion zone of the oil-free ignition starter;

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of part I in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is an expanded view viewed from the arrow H1 or H2 in Fig. 3 .

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment, further illustrate the oil-free ignition starter of the present utility model.

Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 4, the oil-free ignition starter for pulverized coal boiler of the present invention includes a pilot burner and a controller. The pilot burner is a shuttle-shaped cylinder with small ends and a large middle. It is welded by refractory steel. The inlet end forms a tapered area, and the outlet end forms a tapered area to produce the Laval effect; the cylinder wall is divided into outer and outer parts in turn. layer, interlayer space and inner layer; the outer layer 1 is a thermal insulation layer, wrapped with thermal insulation material to prevent heat loss; the interlayer space 3 in the middle is used for cooling air and spraying into the cylinder to generate rotating wind; inner layer 2 An electric heating rod 18 is arranged in the inner layer 2, and a plurality of small ventilation holes 19 are opened on the inner and outer walls 20, 21 of the inner layer 2 respectively (symmetrical arrangement is not required), and a ventilation, heat storage and high temperature resistant material 22 is arranged in the middle of the inner layer 2, so as to make the inner layer 2 The heating energy in the layer 2 is quickly transferred to the inner cavity 16, and ensures that the inner cavity 16 heats up smoothly and stores a large amount of heat energy in the igniter body; the inner cavity wall of the igniter is provided with convex and concave heat-resistant materials 13 to increase the boundary layer The friction force has a temporary effect on the growth of coal powder, forming a boundary layer effect, heating the combustion space to a high temperature of 1000°C, far exceeding the ignition temperature of coal powder; the inner cavity 16 of the pilot burner is provided with a secondary air nozzle 14, as shown in the figure In a specific example, there are 4 layers of secondary air nozzles, and the inlet end of the pilot burner is provided with a primary air inlet pipe 12, and the primary air inlet pipe axially leads into the inner cavity 16 of the pilot burner; the upper right part of the outer layer 1 A secondary air inlet pipe 15 is provided, and the secondary air flows along the direction of the arrow to the entire barrel in the interlayer space 3, and then tangentially sprays into the cyclone combustion zone from a plurality of secondary air nozzles 14, and the secondary air exerts In order to cool the steel plate and enhance the combustion, while controlling the ignition temperature; the outlet end of the pilot burner is connected to the boiler furnace. The controller extracts the temperature detection signal 8 and the flame detection signals 5 and 7 of the zone from the inner cavity 16 of the pilot burner, extracts the temperature detection signal 6 from the inner layer 2, and measures the secondary air temperature signal 4 from the interlayer space 3, according to These detection signal controllers send adjustment signals to automatically control the electric power 9 of the primary air adjustment door 11, the secondary air adjustment door 10 and the electric heating rod, to ensure the safe and stable operation of the pilot burner.

When pulverized coal quality is relatively poor, can set up oxygen delivery pipe 17 and pass in the pilot burner, make the pilot burner inner cavity increase oxygen supply, so that ignite.

Referring to Fig. 2, the secondary air nozzles 14 in the cyclone combustion zone are arranged tangentially, and in a specific example, there are 14 secondary air nozzles in each layer.

The working principle of the oil-free ignition starter of the utility model is: the primary air with pulverized coal is axially sprayed into the inner cavity of the igniter from the nozzle at the inlet end, and the pulverized coal that enters in the axial direction is first in the inner cavity of the igniter. It is ignited by high temperature, and then mixed with the tangentially injected secondary air to intensify the combustion and spray out from A, B, C, D to the outlet step by step and strengthen step by step. The positive feedback method of step-by-step ignition is adopted, so that a single spark can start a prairie fire, and the most pulverized coal can be ignited with the smallest energy. According to the detection signal, the controller sends out an adjustment signal to adjust the distribution ratio of the secondary air entering the axial coal and the tangential entering of each layer of ABCD, adjust the secondary air volume and the power of the electric heating rod, control the combustion temperature in the cylinder, and make the coal The powder can be stably burned in the cylinder to prevent coking to ensure stable combustion and safe operation, so that the entire combustion process is carried out under automatic control, and finally a high-temperature flame with a temperature above 1000°C is sprayed, so as to achieve the purpose of starting the boiler operation.

Claims (10)

1, a kind of pulverized-coal fired boiler non-oil ignition starter is characterized in that it comprises igniter and controller; Described igniter is straight tubular, and barrel is divided into skin, mezzanine space and internal layer successively, and skin is a heat-insulation layer, and internal layer is a flame retardant coating; In internal layer, be provided with an above electrical bar; The arrival end of described igniter is provided with primary air intake pipe, this blast pipe axially feeds the igniter inner chamber, skin is provided with secondary air intake pipe, secondary wind enters and to flow to cylindrical shell along mezzanine space whole from skin, overfire air jet on internal layer enters the igniter inner chamber again, form whirlwind, the port of export of igniter passes to boiler furnace; Described controller sends conditioning signal according to temperature detection and flame detection signal and goes to regulate primary and secondary air air quantity and electrical bar electrical power.

2, pulverized-coal fired boiler non-oil ignition starter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described cylindrical shell internal layer top is provided with the convex concave temperature-resistant material.

3, pulverized-coal fired boiler non-oil ignition starter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described igniter is the fusiformis that is small at both ends and big in the middle, and arrival end forms the flaring district, and the port of export forms the taper.

4, pulverized-coal fired boiler non-oil ignition starter according to claim 1 is characterized in that, is respectively equipped with a plurality of apertures on the inside and outside wall of described internal layer.

5, pulverized-coal fired boiler non-oil ignition starter according to claim 4 is characterized in that, is provided with ventilation accumulation of heat exotic material in the middle of the described internal layer.

6, according to the arbitrary described pulverized-coal fired boiler non-oil ignition starter of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, described controller extracts this district's temperature detection signal from igniter internal layer and inner chamber, extract the flame detection signal from the igniter inner chamber, extracts secondary air temperature degree detection signal from interlayer.

7, pulverized-coal fired boiler non-oil ignition starter according to claim 6 is characterized in that, other has oxygen cathete to feed in the described igniter.

8, pulverized-coal fired boiler non-oil ignition starter according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described device is provided with 1-50 layer overfire air jet from top to bottom.

9, pulverized-coal fired boiler non-oil ignition starter according to claim 8 is characterized in that the overfire air jet of described device tangentially is provided with.

10, pulverized-coal fired boiler non-oil ignition starter according to claim 9 is characterized in that, every layer of overfire air jet is 2-50.

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