CN201094999Y - Clamp structure of automatic lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an automatic fixture structure of lathe, including a aircraft nose joint chair, a chuck seat, a chuck, an oblique ejector pad, several clamping piece and a pressure cap, wherein: the clamp head seat and the clamp head are coaxially arranged, an inclined push block capable of sliding back and forth is arranged in a space between the clamp head seat and the clamp head, a plurality of clamping pieces are radially arranged at the front end of the clamp head in a clamping way, the outer side surfaces of the clamping pieces correspond to an inclined plane in the front end of the inclined push block and can reciprocate along the direction vertical to the axis, and the clamp head, the inclined push block, the clamping pieces and other parts are covered and assembled in the clamp head seat by the pressing cap to be combined into a whole; and the inclined push block and the clamping pieces are respectively provided with a return element along the moving direction of the inclined push block and the clamping pieces, so that the inclined push block has a forward pushing maintaining force and the clamping pieces have an outward expanding maintaining force respectively. Accordingly, the clamping piece has larger contraction amount of the clamping opening, and the clamping piece can be clamped or loosened by adjusting the position of the inclined pushing block, so that the effect of controlling the diameter of the clamping opening is achieved.

Description

Fixture structure of automatic lathe

technical field

The utility model relates to an automatic lathe structure, in particular to a fixture structure of an automatic lathe.

Background technique

The fixture structure of general automatic lathes is roughly divided into two types: mechanical, air and hydraulic. Although the mechanical fixture has unlimited speed and large opening and closing, it cannot be automated and loses the function of automation; air and hydraulic fixtures It is driven by a collet or a mechanical arm with an air and hydraulic actuator to achieve fully automated feeding and processing. However, the existing air and oil pressure clamps are to cut several axial slits at the front end of a tapered pipe body, so that the front end has several jaw structures, which are pushed forward by a tapered sleeve. To achieve the purpose of clamping, otherwise the clamp can be loosened to allow the jaw to open naturally; the amount of opening or clamping of the jaw of the existing clamp depends on the elasticity of the jaw material itself and the width of the slit. It can only be clamped inward according to the size of the original jaw and cannot be expanded outward, so the opening and closing amount it can achieve is only in the range of 2-4mm, and the opening and closing degree is too small, which makes it inconvenient to use; Or, the structure of clamping the workpiece by means of air and hydraulic drive, because there will be rotating elements between the air and hydraulic brake and the chuck, so the mechanical structure has its own speed limit, which is not conducive to the need for high speed. processing problem.

In addition, the above-mentioned existing air and hydraulic clamp structure can easily exceed the opening and closing capacity of a single clamp for materials with different wire diameters, so it is often necessary to replace clamps of different sizes, which increases the inconvenience of use; secondly, when When the material shape of a workpiece is such that the diameter of the clamping end is larger and the diameter of the processing end is smaller, it is difficult to feed the material by automatic feeding, and the function and purpose of automatic processing are lost; therefore, it is easy to operate and control. And the research and development of the clamp structure with a large amount of opening and closing of the jaws has its necessity and development space.

The designer of the utility model of this case is in view of the above-mentioned fixture structure of the existing automatic lathe, wherein: the mechanical type is generally operated manually and cannot be operated automatically, while the air and hydraulic type have speed restrictions and the opening and closing amount of the jaws is small. , It is easy to cause difficulties and inconveniences in actual processing; through careful research and years of personal experience in the use and research of this product, a brand-new "fixture structure for automatic lathes" has finally been developed and designed.

Contents of the invention

The main purpose of the utility model is to provide a fixture structure for an automatic lathe, which can have a larger opening and closing amount of the jaws (above 10 mm), and can increase the ability to hold workpieces with special shapes, and can reduce the size of workpieces due to the difference in material size. The work of changing the size of the fixture is convenient to use and saves time and labor.

The second object of the present invention is to provide a fixture structure for an automatic lathe, which has no rotating elements and no speed limit, and is suitable for various high-speed lathes or drilling processes.

For realizing above-mentioned object, the technical scheme that the utility model adopts is:

A fixture structure for an automatic lathe, comprising a head joint seat, a chuck seat, a chuck, an inclined push block, several clips and a pressure cap, through which the head joint seat connects other The assembly of parts is used in conjunction with the head of an automatic lathe; it is characterized in that:

The collet seat and the collet are arranged coaxially, and an inclined push block that can slide back and forth is provided in the space between the collet seat and the collet, and the front end of the collet is arranged radially There are several clips clamped. The outer surface of the clip corresponds to the inclined surface in the front end of the inclined push block, and can reciprocate along the direction perpendicular to the axis. The pressure cap connects the collet, the inclined push block and the clip The other parts are covered and assembled in the chuck seat and combined into one; and,

The inclined push block and the clips are respectively provided with restoring elements along their moving directions, so that the inclined push block has a maintaining force of pushing forward, and each clip has a maintaining force of expanding outward.

When using according to above-mentioned combination, the advantage of the present utility model:

1. Unlimited number of revolutions: the air and oil pressure clamping methods adopted by the general automatic gripper have a limit on the rotational speed because of the rotating elements; the utility model completely eliminates the rotating elements, so the rotational speed is unlimited, and how fast the spindle can rotate As fast as the jig can turn.

2. Large opening and closing stroke: general air and hydraulic grippers, due to structural limitations, the opening and closing degree is not large <maximum no more than 4mm>, when there is a step difference in the outer diameter of the workpiece, if the large end must be inserted into the chuck Problems will be encountered; the opening and closing stroke of the chuck of the utility model is as high as 10mm to 20mm, and it can be fully automated with the mechanical arm.

3. Thin parts are not deformed: the collet has the function of anti-clamping and deformation. When processing thin pipes, there is no need to worry about the deformation of the workpiece due to too much clamping force, and there is no need to worry about insufficient clamping force, and the workpiece will fly out during processing.

4. There are many ways to open the chuck: the general automatic jaw opening and closing methods are either air pressure or oil pressure; the chuck of the utility model is clamped by springs, and the opening mode can be designed according to the actual machine condition<air pressure , hydraulic, mechanical, electromagnetic...etc.>.

5. Full automation: Although the mechanical gripper has the advantages of unlimited rotation and large opening and closing, the loading and unloading personnel must manually change the material, which cannot achieve the goal of unmanned in mass production; while the air and hydraulic grippers Although the goal of unmanned operation can be achieved, there are many restrictions on the use conditions. The opening and closing degree of the chuck with high rotation speed is very small, and the chuck with large opening and closing degree cannot meet the requirements of high rotation speed. It is really incompatible Therefore, the collet of the utility model can fully integrate the advantages of the above two collets.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the three-dimensional exploded view of an embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the combined sectional view of the jaw opening of the utility model;

Fig. 3 is a combined sectional view of the jaw closure of the present invention.

Explanation of reference numerals: 10-head connecting seat; 20- chuck seat; 30- chuck; 40- inclined push block; 50- clip; 60- pressure cap; 80- bolt; 11- combination hole; 12- Screw hole; 13, 232-perforation; 21-cutting groove; 22-perforation; 23-stop block; 31-cutting; 32-fixing plate; - ring body; 44 - guide rod; 51 - spring seat; 52 - guide groove; 53 - fixed ring;

Detailed ways

Please refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, the fixture structure of the automatic lathe of the present invention is mainly composed of a machine head joint seat 10, a chuck seat 20, a chuck 30, an inclined push block 40, and several clips 50 and a press cap 60 are composed of other parts assembled on the head of the automatic lathe by using the head joint seat 10. It is characterized in that: the chuck seat 20 and the chuck 30 are coaxially arranged , and in the space between the chuck seat 20 and the chuck 30, an oblique push block 40 that can slide forward and backward is provided, and several clips 50 are sandwiched in a radial arrangement at the front end of the chuck 30, the described The outer surface of the clip 50 corresponds to the inclined surface 41 in the front end of the inclined push block 40, and can move back and forth along the direction perpendicular to the axis. The parts are covered and assembled in the chuck seat 20 and combined into one; and, the oblique push block 40 and the clip 50 are respectively provided with restoring elements 71, 72 along their moving directions, so that the oblique push block 40 has the function of pushing forward respectively. The maintaining force of each clip 50 has the maintaining force of outward expansion.

When used in combination according to the above-mentioned structures, when the inclined push block 40 is pulled back by a mechanical arm, each clamp piece 50 breaks away from the compression of the inclined surface 41 in the front end of the inclined push block 40, and can be recovered by using the restoring element provided therein. The power of 72 makes it expand outwards to achieve the purpose of automatically opening the jaw; on the contrary, when the pulling force of the oblique push block 40 is released, the oblique push block 40 will recover by adopting its setting. The power of the element 71 automatically pushes forward, and utilizes the effect of its inclined surface 41 corresponding to the clips 50 to press each clip 50 to move inwardly to achieve the effect of automatically closing the jaws. Again, the amount of opening and closing of the jaws formed by several clips 50 in the utility model depends on the amount of movement of the clips 50 and the working stroke of the set restoring element 72, which can be compared with the existing ones. The structure has a large amount of opening and closing; and there is no rotating component in the overall structure, so the structure of the utility model has no speed limit, and the expected purpose of the utility model is achieved.

As above-mentioned structure, please refer to the 1st to the 3rd embodiment shown again, it in this embodiment:

The head joint seat 10 is in the shape of a ring, and at least one group of joint holes 11 and one group of screw holes 12 are arranged on its plate body; Hole 11 locks it on the machine head of lathe, on the other hand by adopting screw hole 12 to combine with collet seat 20 and fix.

The chuck seat 20 is cylindrical, and several slots 21 are equidistantly arranged at its front end, and a perforation 22 parallel to the axis is provided on the cylinder wall between every two slots 21. The perforation 22 corresponds to the screw hole 12 on the head joint seat 10, and an annular stop block 23 is fixedly installed at the bottom (rear end) of the chuck seat 20. The stop block 23 has a flange 231 in the middle;

The chuck 30 is in the shape of a tapered tube with a large front end and a small rear end. It is arranged in the chuck seat 20 to be opposed to the flange 231 on the stop block 23, and several slits 31 are equidistantly arranged at the front end. A fixed plate 32 is provided in the tube body at the rear end thereof;

The inclined thrust block 40 is tubular, sleeved in the space formed between the chuck seat 20 and the chuck 30 , and several return blocks are arranged between the bottom of the chuck seat 20 and the thrust block 23 of the chuck seat 20 . The element 71 makes the inclined push block 40 have the maintaining force of pushing forward, and has an inclined surface 41 inclined from inside to outside inside its front end, and several ribs 42 are arranged vertically outward on the outer wall of the front end corresponding to the The groove 21 on the chuck seat 20 is connected with a ring 43 at the outer end of the rib 42;

Several clips 50 are planar, arranged in the slits 31 of the chuck 30 respectively to form a circular arrangement, the bottom surface of which is in contact with the fixed plate 32 in the chuck 30, and between each clip 50 and the chuck 30 There is a restoring element 72 between them, so that the clip has a maintaining force of outward expansion;

The pressure cap 60 is in the shape of a ring, and several coupling holes 61 are arranged on the upper ring of the plate body corresponding to the perforation 22 on the chuck seat 20. By using the bolt 80 to penetrate the locking cover at the front end of the chuck seat 20, And its bottom surface is just in contact with the top surface of the clip 50 .

After combining according to above-mentioned structure, described one oblique pushing block 40 can be pushed backward by its outer ring body 43 and move backward, and at this moment, the inclined surface 41 of oblique pushing block 40 has the effect of loosening and compressing clip 50 in receding, And the clip 50 can push it outward by adopting the power of the restoring element 72, so as to reach the purpose of automatically opening the jaws formed by several clips 50 (as shown in Figure 2); otherwise, when the inclined push block 40 After the power of pulling back is released (released), the oblique push block 40 can move forward by using the power of the restoring element 71 at its rear end, so that its inclined surface 41 simultaneously compresses each clip 50 to shrink inwardly, reaching The purpose of automatically reducing the jaw to clamp the workpiece (as shown in Figure 3). Also, each clip 50 is an independent part separated from the clamp head 30, so it has a large amount of movement and is easy and labor-saving.

Furthermore, the above-mentioned restoring element 71 located at the rear end of the oblique push block 40 is a compression spring in this implementation, and several guide rods 44 are arranged on the pipe wall at the rear end of the oblique push block 40, and the recovery The element 71 is a compression spring sleeved on the outside of each guide rod 44; in addition, on the stop block 23 at the rear end of the chuck seat 20, and on the body of the head joint seat 10, a group of perforations 232 are respectively correspondingly provided. and 13; accordingly, when the oblique push block 40 moves back and forth, the guide rod 44 can freely shuttle through the perforations 232, 13 on the stopper block 23 and the head joint seat 10, and the positioning of the spring can be maintained. And, the above-mentioned restoring element 72 arranged between the clip 50 and the collet 30 is a compression spring in this implementation, and is matched with the slit 31 at the front end of the collet 30 to be provided with a circular groove perpendicular to the axis. 33, and a spring seat 51 perpendicular to the axis is provided on the body of each clip 50, and the return element 72 is sleeved on the spring seat 51 of the clip 50, and then together with the clip 50 by The outer surface of the chuck 30 is inserted into the circular groove 33 on the slot 31; accordingly, each clip 50 can be stretched or contracted flexibly.

In addition, when the clip 50 of the present utility model is implemented, a guide groove 52 perpendicular to the axis can also be provided at its front end, and a fixing ring 53 is framed on each guide groove 52; accordingly, it can be easily stabilized Each clip 50 is convenient for assembly and use.

The above description is only illustrative, rather than restrictive, of the present utility model. Those of ordinary skill in the art understand that many modifications, changes or equivalents can be made without departing from the spirit and scope defined in the claims. But all will fall within the limitable scope of the claims of the present utility model.

Claims (5)

1. A fixture structure for an automatic lathe, comprising a head joint seat, a chuck seat, a chuck, an inclined push block, several clips and a pressure cap, through which a machine head joint seat Other parts are assembled and used on the head of the automatic lathe; it is characterized in that: The collet seat and the collet are arranged coaxially, and an inclined push block that can slide back and forth is provided in the space between the collet seat and the collet, and the front end of the collet is arranged radially There are several clips clamped. The outer surface of the clip corresponds to the inclined surface in the front end of the inclined push block, and can reciprocate along the direction perpendicular to the axis. The pressure cap connects the collet, the inclined push block and the clip The other parts are covered and assembled in the chuck seat and combined into one; and, The inclined push block and the clips are respectively provided with restoring elements along their moving directions, so that the inclined push block has a maintaining force of pushing forward, and each clip has a maintaining force of expanding outward. 2. The jig structure of the automatic lathe according to claim 1, wherein the joint seat of the machine head is in the shape of a ring, and at least one set of joint holes and one set of screw holes are arranged on the plate body. 3. The fixture structure of the automatic lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that: the chuck seat is cylindrical, with several slits equidistant at its front end, and on the cylinder wall between every two slits. A perforation parallel to the axis is provided, and the perforation corresponds to the screw hole on the joint seat of the machine head. In addition, an annular stopper is fixed at the bottom of the chuck seat. The stopper the block has a flange in its middle; The chuck is in the shape of a tapered tube with a large front end and a small rear end. It is arranged in the chuck seat to resist the flange on the stop block. There are several slits equidistant at the front end, and a fixed clamp is provided in the tube body at the rear end. plate; The oblique thrust block is tubular, sleeved in the space formed between the chuck seat and the chuck, and several restoring elements are arranged between the bottom of the chuck seat and the thrust block of the chuck seat, so that the oblique thrust block The block has the maintenance force of pushing forward, and has an inclined surface inclined from the inside to the outside inside the front end. The outer wall of the front end is vertically provided with several ribs corresponding to the slots on the chuck seat. The outer end of the rib plate is connected with a ring body; Several clips are in the shape of flat plates, which are respectively arranged in the slits of the chuck to form a circular arrangement. The bottom surface of which is in contact with the fixed plate in the chuck, and a restoring element is arranged between each clip and the chuck. Make the clip have an outward expansion maintaining force; The pressure cap is in the shape of a ring, and there are several joint holes on the upper ring of the plate body corresponding to the perforations on the chuck seat. The locking cover is placed on the front end of the chuck seat by using bolts, and its bottom surface is in contact with the top surface of the clip. touch. 4. The fixture structure of automatic lathe according to claim 3, it is characterized in that: the restoring element that is located at the rear end of the inclined push block is a compression spring, and several guide rods are arranged on the pipe wall at the rear end of the inclined push block, The recovery element is a compression spring sleeved outside each guide rod; in addition, a group of perforations are respectively provided on the stop block at the rear end of the collet seat and on the body of the nose joint seat. 5. The fixture structure of the automatic lathe according to claim 3, characterized in that: the return element located between the clip and the collet is a compression spring, and a slit perpendicular to the front end of the collet is respectively provided. A circular groove in the center of the axis, and a spring seat perpendicular to the axis is provided on the body of each clip, and the recovery element is sleeved on the spring seat of the clip, and together with the clip, it is released from the outside of the chuck. The side fits into the round groove on its notch.

Images