CN1715225A - Forming equipment and method for producing thin plate material by down-drawing method with narrow and long holes - Google Patents

Abstract

A forming device and a method for producing sheet materials by using a down-drawing method of a slot hole. In order to provide a glass forming process and equipment for manufacturing high-quality large-size sheet materials, easy equipment maintenance, low cost and effective improvement of production efficiency, the method of the invention is provided, which comprises the steps of introducing homogeneous thermoplastic materials into a fluid distribution pipe, linearly decreasing the flow rate along the length direction of two sides of the fluid distribution pipe, uniformly distributing the flow rate in unit length to two sides of the fluid distribution pipe, automatically tending to balance by the static pressure distribution of the thermoplastic materials, vertically flowing downwards to a channel connected below the fluid distribution pipe, and enabling the homogeneous thermoplastic materials to pass through an outlet at the bottom edge of the channel with uniform flow rate in unit length; the equipment comprises a feeding pipe, a joint connected below the feeding pipe, two fluid distribution pipes symmetrically connected to two sides below the joint, and channels connected to the bottom edges of the two fluid distribution pipes and provided with notches with rectangular sections.

Description

Forming equipment and method for producing thin plate material by down-drawing method with narrow and long holes

technical field

The invention belongs to a glass forming process and equipment, in particular to a forming equipment and method for producing thin plate materials by using a slit hole down-draw method.

Background technique

Among the manufacturing methods currently used to produce sheet glass, the so-called "overflow fusion method" disclosed in US Patent No. 3,338,696 has the advantage that the two sides of the sheet glass produced are not in contact with any objects. , so a fairly good surface quality can be obtained, and it can be cut directly without grinding to obtain the desired thin plate glass finished product.

However, since the design technology of the isopipe (Isopipe) used in the "overflow fusion method" is not only very precise and extremely difficult when making large-sized thin glass, but also in the production process, the matching related The temperature control conditions are very strict. Therefore, in order to make the traditional "overflow fusion method" produce high-quality thin plate glass, the cost and maintenance costs that the industry needs to pay for its production equipment and subsequent processes are naturally quite expensive . Another disadvantage of the "overflow fusion method" is that this process is suitable for the production of thin glass with a thickness of less than 0.5mm. This is because the thinner the glass, the harder it is to form, let alone the use of the "overflow fusion method" to produce thin glass At this time, the formed thin-plate glass is composed of two pieces of thin-plate glass fused. At this time, because the thinner glass plate is formed, the radiation and heat dissipation are faster, so that the two pieces of thin-plate glass are not easy to fuse, and the yield rate is likely to be greatly reduced. In addition, when using the "overflow fusion method" to make thin plate glass, the thin plate glass is fused at the root of the isopipe (Isopipe) to form, therefore, in the production process, if the root of the isopipe (Isopipe) occurs When any damage causes residual air bubbles, the thin plate glass produced will become a defective product. At this time, since the root is integrally formed with the isopipe, the damaged root cannot be replaced separately, but the entire isopipe needs to be replaced. , the cost, manpower and working hours required are naturally considerable.

Another manufacturing method for producing thin sheets of glass is the 'slot hole down-draw molding'. The 'slot hole down-draw forming method' is different from the aforementioned 'overflow fusion method', and its history of being used to make thin plate glass is much earlier than the 'overflow fusion method'. In the traditional "slotted hole down-draw molding method", no distributor is set, only the nozzle forming device is installed under the forming pool, which can be known from the US Patent No. The liquid level and pressure of the molten glass are consistent, but the disadvantage is that it is difficult to uniformly control the temperature of the molten glass in the forming pool, resulting in inconsistent and unstable glass temperature and viscosity passing through the nozzle forming device, resulting in the inability to accurately control the thickness of the thin plate glass. Therefore, in order to effectively control the temperature of the molten glass when making thin-plate glass using the "slot hole down-draw molding method", the size and volume of the forming tank should not be too large, so the effective width of the produced thin-plate glass is also not large.

Afterwards, in order to improve the disadvantage that the temperature of the molten glass is difficult to control, in the U.S. Patent No. US2,880551, it is disclosed that the forming equipment composed of a platinum distributor and a nozzle replaces the forming pool technology, and uses a platinum heating mechanism to effectively Control the temperature distribution of the molten glass in the distributor, so that the distributor can evenly distribute the molten glass to the outlet of the nozzle, and then produce larger-sized thin glass by the down-draw method. Because, in the above-mentioned molding equipment, it is still necessary to control the temperature distribution of the molten glass by controlling the temperature of the distributor to achieve uniform flow distribution. This will cause the molten glass to be pulled out from the nozzle. Different temperature distributions cause unevenness and brush marks on the thin-plate glass during molding, which only increases the difficulty of thin-plate glass forming control.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a forming equipment and method for producing thin plate materials using the narrow and long hole down-draw method, which is easy to maintain, low in cost, and effectively improves production efficiency.

The method of the present invention includes introducing the molten homogeneous thermoplastic material into the fluid distribution pipe, so that the homogeneous thermoplastic material is evenly distributed to both sides of the fluid distribution pipe, so that the flow of the homogeneous thermoplastic material in the fluid distribution pipe along the fluid distribution The length direction of both sides of the pipe is linearly decreased, and the flow rate per unit length of the fluid distribution pipe is consistent, so that the static pressure distribution of the thermoplastic material in it is automatically balanced; when the homogeneous thermoplastic material is evenly distributed to both sides of the fluid distribution pipe , can flow vertically downwards to connect in the channel below the fluid distribution pipe, and make the homogeneous thermoplastic material flow through the outlet of the bottom edge of the channel with a consistent unit length flow; the device of the present invention includes a feed pipe for introducing thermoplastic material, Connect the joint below the feed pipe, two fluid distribution pipes and channels; the two fluid distribution pipes can be symmetrically connected on both sides below the joint; the thermoplastic material introduced by the feed pipe passes through the joint and enters the two fluid distribution pipes respectively , and flow to both sides along the centerline of the two fluid distribution pipes to the end of the fluid distribution pipe, and in steady state production, the flow of the homogeneous thermoplastic material flowing in it and in a molten state is along The length direction of both sides of the fluid distribution pipe is linearly decreased, and the flow rate per unit length of the fluid distribution pipe is consistent, so that the static pressure distribution of the thermoplastic material in it automatically tends to balance; the channel has a slot with a rectangular cross-section, and one end It is connected with the bottom edges of the two fluid distribution pipes along the length direction and communicated with the two fluid distribution pipes; so that after the homogeneous thermoplastic material flowing into the two fluid distribution pipes is evenly distributed to both sides of the fluid distribution pipes, Can flow vertically down through the slot of the channel to the channel rim outlet and pass through the channel rim outlet with a consistent flow rate.

in:

The homogeneous thermoplastic material in each unit length of the fluid distribution pipe eliminates the static pressure loss flowing in the fluid distribution pipe by virtue of its potential energy, so that the static pressure of the thermoplastic material at any position in the fluid distribution pipe tends to be consistent.

The angle between the centerline of each unit length in the length direction of the fluid distribution pipe and its horizontal direction is designed to decrease symmetrically to both sides of the fluid distribution pipe to evenly distribute the flow and make the static pressure of the thermoplastic material at any position in the fluid distribution pipe converge.

The width of the channel is designed so that the flow of homogeneous thermoplastic material within any unit length on the fluid distribution pipe can flow into the channel with its own gravity along the direction of gravity, so that the homogeneous thermoplastic material passing through the channel can flow at a consistent unit length Flow exits through the bottom edge of the channel.

The horizontal included angles corresponding to the centerlines of each unit length of the fluid distribution pipe of the distributor are set to be the same, but along the length direction of the fluid distribution pipe, the diameter of the fluid distribution pipe corresponding to each unit length is designed as Symmetrically taper to both sides of the distribution pipe to evenly distribute the flow, and also make the static pressure of the homogeneous thermoplastic material within each unit length of the fluid distribution pipe tend to be uniform.

The width of the channel is designed so that the flow of homogeneous thermoplastic material within any unit length on the fluid distribution pipe can flow into the channel with its own gravity along the direction of gravity, so that the homogeneous thermoplastic material passing through the channel can flow at a consistent unit length Flow exits through the bottom edge of the channel.

After the homogeneous thermoplastic material passes through the bottom edge outlet of the channel and the narrow and long hole nozzle below it in sequence with a consistent flow rate, the sheet material with uniform thickness is produced according to the drawing method.

The formation of any position of the two fluid distribution pipes along their length is designed according to the theory of fluid mechanics so that the potential energy of the homogeneous thermoplastic material inside can eliminate the static pressure loss of the flow in the fluid distribution pipe, so that the fluid distribution The static pressure of the thermoplastic material tends to be the same at any position in the tube.

Each horizontal angle formed by the center line of any position along the length direction of the two fluid distribution pipes corresponds to its horizontal line, and the horizontal angle is designed to be smaller toward the ends of the two fluid distribution pipes.

The width of the channel connected to the bottom edge of the two fluid distribution pipes is designed so that the flow of homogeneous thermoplastic material within any unit length on the fluid distribution pipe can flow into the channel along the direction of gravity with its own gravity, so that the homogeneous flow through the channel Thermoplastic material is capable of flowing through the outlet at the bottom edge of the channel at a consistent flow per unit length.

The horizontal included angles corresponding to the centerlines of each unit length of the fluid distribution pipe are set to be the same, but along the length direction of the fluid distribution pipe, the diameter of the fluid distribution pipe corresponding to each unit length is designed to be divided into Symmetrical tapering on both sides of the piping.

The width of the channel connected to the bottom edge of the two fluid distribution pipes is designed so that the flow of homogeneous thermoplastic material within any unit length on the fluid distribution pipe can flow into the channel along the direction of gravity with its own gravity, so that the homogeneous flow through the channel Thermoplastic material is capable of flowing through the outlet at the bottom edge of the channel at a consistent flow per unit length.

Nozzles are connected under the channel so that the homogeneous thermoplastic material passing through the channel can pass through the nozzles in a consistent flow.

Since the method of the present invention includes introducing a homogeneous thermoplastic material into the fluid distribution pipe, the flow rate is linearly decreased along the length direction of both sides of the fluid distribution pipe, and the flow rate per unit length is uniformly distributed to both sides of the fluid distribution pipe by the static pressure of the thermoplastic material. The distribution automatically tends to be balanced, and flows vertically downward to the outlet connected to the channel below the fluid distribution pipe so that the homogeneous thermoplastic material can pass through the bottom edge of the channel with a consistent flow rate per unit length; the device of the present invention includes a feed pipe, connected to the The joint below the feed pipe, the two fluid distribution pipes symmetrically connected to the two sides below the joint, and the channel connected to the bottom edge of the two fluid distribution pipes have a rectangular cross-section notch. The pressure distribution of the homogeneous thermoplastic material in the fluid distribution pipe of the present invention tends to balance automatically without being limited by its length direction. Therefore, it is especially suitable for producing large-sized thin plate glass with wider width and uniform thickness, which is different from the traditional 'overflow Compared with the fusion method, it is not only low in cost and easy to maintain, but also during operation, the temperature, flow rate and pulling speed of the molten glass in the distributor are easier to maintain in a fixed state, effectively avoiding the traditional "overflow" In the fusion method, when two sheets of thin-plate glass are fused into one piece of thin-plate glass, due to strong radiative cooling, the disadvantage of difficulty in fusion molding of the two sheets of thin-plate glass is caused; the equipment and environmental requirements of the present invention do not need to be particularly strict, Therefore, the cost required for maintenance and maintenance can be greatly reduced. Not only can the high-quality large-size thin plate material be produced, but also the equipment maintenance is easy, the cost is low, and the production efficiency can be effectively improved, so as to achieve the purpose of the present invention.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the structure of the forming equipment for producing thin plate materials by the slit hole down-draw method according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of the structure of the dispenser of the forming equipment for producing thin plate materials by the slit hole down-draw method of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of flow distribution process of molten glass in the dispenser of the forming equipment for producing thin plate materials by the slotted hole down-draw method according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the structure of the fluid distribution pipe per unit length of the forming equipment for producing thin plate materials by the slotted hole down-draw method of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic top view of the structure of the dispenser of the forming equipment for producing thin plate materials by the slotted hole down-draw method according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of the dispenser of the forming equipment for producing thin plate materials by the slit hole down-draw method of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of the structure of the distributor of the forming equipment for producing thin plate materials by the slit hole down-draw method according to the present invention.

Detailed ways

The forming equipment and method of the present invention for producing thin plate materials by using the narrow and long hole down-draw method mainly design a distributor based on the theory of fluid mechanics, and the distributor includes a fluid distribution pipe with a special profile and a channel with a special width.

The molding method of the present invention for producing thin plate materials by the slit hole down-draw method comprises: introducing molten homogeneous thermoplastic material into the fluid distribution pipe, so that the homogeneous thermoplastic material is evenly distributed to both sides of the fluid distribution pipe, so that the fluid distribution The flow rate of the homogeneous thermoplastic material in the pipe is linearly decreased along the length direction of both sides of the fluid distribution pipe, and the flow rate per unit length of the fluid distribution pipe is consistent, so that the static pressure distribution of the thermoplastic material in the pipe is automatically balanced; the homogeneous thermoplastic When the material is evenly distributed to both sides of the fluid distribution pipe, it can flow vertically downwards into the channel connected under the fluid distribution pipe, so that the homogeneous thermoplastic material can pass through the outlet at the bottom edge of the channel with a consistent flow rate per unit length.

Among them, when the fluid distribution pipe is produced in a steady state, the flow rate of the thermoplastic material in a homogeneous and molten state is linearly decreased along the length direction of both sides of the fluid distribution pipe, and the flow rate per unit length of the fluid distribution pipe is consistent. , so that the static pressure distribution of the thermoplastic material in it automatically tends to be balanced, and after the thermoplastic material is evenly distributed to both sides of the liquid distribution pipe, it can flow vertically downward to the channel, and pass through all the channels under the channel with a consistent flow rate per unit length The narrow and long hole nozzle is used to produce sheet materials with uniform thickness along the length direction of the distributor according to the pull-down method.

It should be specially stated here that in the following embodiments of the present invention, glass material is used as one of the thermoplastic materials. However, the present invention is not limited to this when it is actually implemented. Any person who is familiar with this technology can use other thermoplastic materials to produce other thin plate materials by using the equipment and method of the present invention, which all belong to the scope of protection claimed by the present invention. .

As shown in FIG. 1 , the forming equipment of the present invention for producing sheet material by the slit hole down-draw method consists of a distributor 20 and a nozzle 50 .

Distributor 20 consists of feed pipe 10 , joint 33 , two fluid distribution pipes 32 and channel 40 .

The feed pipe 10 is disposed above the distributor 20 for introducing thermoplastic material. In a preferred embodiment, the thermoplastic material is homogeneous molten glass that has been stirred evenly.

The joint 33 is used to respectively connect the feed pipe 10 and the two fluid distribution pipes 32, so that the two fluid distribution pipes 32 can be symmetrically arranged on both sides of the distributor 20, so that the thermoplastic material of the molten glass is introduced by the feed pipe 10. The material enters the two fluid distribution pipes 32 after passing through the joint 33, and flows to both sides along the centerline 321 of the two fluid distribution pipes 32 to the end 322 of the fluid distribution pipe 32, so as to be evenly distributed to the distributor 20 sides.

To achieve this, the two fluid distribution pipes 32 must be designed such that the flow rate of the thermoplastic material which is molten glass therein decreases linearly along the length of the fluid distribution pipes 32 .

Channel 40 is provided with the notch that is rectangular section, and its one end joins with the bottom edge of two fluid distribution pipes 32 along the length direction, and communicates with two fluid distribution pipes 32; Its other end is joined with nozzle 50, so that After the molten glass flowing into the two fluid distribution pipes 32 is evenly distributed to both sides of the fluid distribution pipes, it can flow down vertically to the nozzle 50 at the bottom edge of the channel 40 through the notch of the channel 40, and pass through the nozzle with a consistent flow rate. The outlet 501 of 50 is made thin plate glass with consistent thickness along the longitudinal direction of distributor 20 according to the pull method.

In order to more specifically illustrate the flow path of the molten glass in the dispenser 20 and how to produce sheet glass with uniform thickness, the dispenser 20 shown in Figure 2, Figure 3, and Figure 4 is taken as an example to describe in detail as follows:

In the preferred embodiment, in order to allow the molten glass flowing through the distributor 20 to pass through the outlet 501 of the nozzle 50 at a consistent flow rate, the centerline 321 of the two fluid distribution pipes 32 must be based on the theory of fluid mechanics, according to special mathematics. The formula calculates and designs the shape and width of the fluid distribution pipe 32 and the channel 40, so that when the distributor 20 produces thin plate glass in a steady state, the flow of the molten glass in the fluid distribution pipe 32 can be made to flow along the fluid distribution pipe 32 The length direction is linearly decreased, and the flow rate within the unit length of the fluid distribution pipe 32 is consistent, so that the static pressure distribution of the molten glass in it is automatically balanced, and the molten glass is evenly distributed to the two fluid distribution pipes 32 After both sides, it can flow vertically to the channel 40 and pass through the nozzle 50 at a consistent flow rate to produce sheet glass with a uniform thickness along the length of the distributor 20 by the down-draw method.

As shown in Figure 3, when the molten glass is introduced into the joint 33 from the feed pipe 10, its flow rate Q will be divided into two, and flow to the two sides of the two fluid distribution pipes 32 respectively until they respectively flow to the two fluid distribution pipes. When the end 322 of the distribution tube 32 is reached, the flow rate of the thermoplastic material which is molten glass becomes zero.

As shown in Figure 4, if the center line 321 of any position along the length direction of the two fluid distribution pipes 32 corresponds to each horizontal angle θ _Z formed by its horizontal line, it is designed to be closer to the two fluid distribution pipes 32 The smaller the horizontal angle θ _Z of the end 322, the slower the flow velocity of the thermoplastic material in the two fluid distribution pipes 32 is toward the end 322, that is, the thermoplastic material in the fluid distribution pipe 32 is molten glass. The flow rate can be linearly decreased along the length direction of the fluid distribution pipe 32, and the flow rate within the unit length of the fluid distribution pipe 32 can be consistent, so as to achieve the purpose of evenly distributing the flow rate.

In this way, the thermoplastic material flowing in any position on the centerline 321 of the two fluid distribution pipes 32 is molten glass, because of the design of the corresponding horizontal angle θ _Z , it can simultaneously eliminate its potential energy by virtue of its potential energy. The static pressure loss flowing in the fluid distribution pipe 32 makes the static pressure of the thermoplastic material which is molten glass tend to be consistent and more stable at any position in the fluid distribution pipe 32 .

The channels 40 connected to the bottom edges of the two fluid distribution pipes 32 also need to be analyzed by fluid mechanics, so that the designed slot width can be properly distributed through the two fluid distribution pipes 32, and the flow rate tends to flow on each unit length. A consistent flow of molten glass through the nozzle 50 is maintained. In addition, since in the distributor 20, the molten glass in the channel 40 flows vertically downward under the influence of gravity, therefore, the preferred embodiment utilizes this characteristic when designing the slot width of the channel 40, so that the molten glass The ability of the molten glass to flow downward is achieved entirely by gravity or the weight of the molten glass itself, and there is no need to apply additional force to it, that is, it does not rely on pressure difference at all to maintain the flow rate per unit length, which ensures more flow. The molten glass passing through the channel 40 can pass through the outlet 501 of the nozzle 50 at a consistent flow rate to produce sheet glass of uniform thickness.

Accordingly, if it is desired to change the thickness of the thin plate glass to be produced, it is only necessary to change the width of the outlet 501 by changing the nozzle 50 to produce thin plate glass with different thicknesses.

In the preferred embodiment, in order to make the static pressure of the thermoplastic material at any position in the two fluid distribution pipes 32 tend to be consistent, when the fluid distribution pipe 32 is designed according to the mathematical formula according to the theory of fluid mechanics, since the two fluid distribution pipes 32 The overall structure is left-right symmetrical, as shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 3, and Fig. 4, so only half of the structure is used here, and according to the Hogen-Poiseuille equation (Hogen-Poiseuille equation), the corresponding fluid distribution pipe 32 is analyzed. The cross-sectional flow at any position z at a certain horizontal angle θ _Z is as follows:

${<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; z</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&pi;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; D.</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 128</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&eta;</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Delta;P</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Delta;S</span>}}$

in:

Q is the flow rate of molten glass (cm ³ /sec);

η is the viscosity (poise) of molten glass;

D is the diameter (cm) of fluid distribution pipe 32;

ρ is the density of molten glass (g/cm ³ );

ΔS is the flow path distance from point S1 to point S2 along the centerline of the fluid distribution pipe 32 .

ΔP is the full pressure difference required for flow.

At this time, the full pressure difference ΔP from point S1 to point S2 can be expressed as:

ΔP＝P _s1 -P _s2 +ρ×g×ΔH

in:

ΔH is the potential difference;

P _s1 is the static pressure at point S1;

P _s2 is the static pressure at point S2;

g is gravitational acceleration 980 (cm/sec ² ).

If the full pressure difference ΔP required when the molten glass flows is completely provided by the head difference ΔH, then there will be no static pressure difference when the molten glass flows, that is, P _s1 =P _s2 . Therefore, the pressure gradient at any position z in the length direction of the fluid distribution pipe 32 can be expressed as:

$\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Delta;P</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&Delta;s</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&rho;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; sin</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&theta;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; z</span>}}$

Therefore, the cross-sectional flow rate of the fluid distribution pipe 32 at any position z corresponding to a certain horizontal angle θ _Z can be rewritten as follows:

${<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; z</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="K"\; filenames="A20041005009700231.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; D.</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&eta;</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; sin</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&theta;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; z</span>}}$

in:

_K1 is a constant.

According to the above, because the preferred embodiment expects that the flow rate of the molten glass on each unit length of the fluid distribution pipe 32 can tend to be consistent, that is, in the molten glass introduced by the feed pipe 10, half of the flow rate (Q /2) _in is linearly decreased along the length direction of the fluid distribution pipe 32 respectively, and its formula is as follows:

$\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; in</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; d</span>}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; z</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; const</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; .</span>$

If its entry condition is substituted $z=0\&DoubleRightArrow;{\left(\frac{Q}{2}\right)}_0={\left(\frac{Q}{2}\right)}_{\mathrm{in}}$ and endpoint conditions $z=\frac{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="A20041005009700231.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}{2}\&DoubleRightArrow;{\left(\frac{Q}{2}\right)}_{\frac{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="L"\; filenames="A20041005009700231.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">L</figure-callout>}}{2}}=0,$ And through the differential equation, the flow distribution formula can be analyzed as follows:

${<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; z</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; in</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; z</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; L</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; /</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

With the above flow distribution formula, the flow rate at any position z along the length of the fluid distribution pipe 32 can be determined, and then the horizontal angle at each position z on the center line 321 can be determined by the cross-sectional flow formula of the fluid distribution pipe 32 None of the characteristics of θ _Z will cause the static pressure loss of the flow.

As shown in Figures 5 and 6, in order to allow the molten glass flowing through the channel 40 to pass through the outlet 501 of the nozzle 50 at a consistent flow rate, the preferred embodiment calculates the specific width of the channel 40 according to the numerical formula according to the theory of fluid mechanics At 401, the channel 40 is regarded as two vertically erected and parallel plates, and the flow of molten glass between the two plates is regarded as a vertical flow between infinitely extending plates for analysis and calculation. Theoretically, in the case of steady-state flow, combined with the mass conservation equation (Continuous equation), and only considering the flow along the gravitational direction y, the fluid momentum equation (Navier-Stokesequation) can be obtained as follows:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 0</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\frac{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&PartialD;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&PartialD;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; y</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&rho;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&eta;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&PartialD;</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; v</span>}}{{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&PartialD;</span>}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; x</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

in:

表示沿地心引力方向的流动压力差。v is the flow velocity in the direction of gravity y (cm/sec);

Indicates the flow pressure difference along the direction of gravity.

表示，即 $q=\frac{Q}{L}=\underset{-b}{\overset{b}{\&Integral;}}v\&times;\mathrm{dx},$ 再经解析后，即可得到如下公式：If the boundary conditions are brought in, and the above equation is analyzed, the flow velocity v will be obtained. At this time, since the analysis is performed with an infinite plate, the flow rate can be the flow rate per unit length in the z direction

means that $q=\frac{Q}{L}=\underset{-b}{\overset{b}{\&Integral;}}v\&times;\mathrm{dx},$ After analysis, the following formula can be obtained:

$\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; q</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; L</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span><span\; class="notranslate">\; -</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; K</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\frac{{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; b</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&eta;</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&PartialD;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; P</span>}}{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&PartialD;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; the\; y</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; +</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&rho;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; g</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>$

in:

K is a constant;

The negative sign (-) only represents the physical meaning of downward flow;

b is half the width (cm) of the channel 40 notches.

In the preferred embodiment, since the fluid distribution pipe 32 has been designed to not require a flow pressure difference, and only relies on the flow of the molten glass's own gravity, the flow rate q of the molten glass in any unit length on the fluid distribution pipe 32 can be tended to Consistent, therefore, want to make the molten glass with unit length flow rate q in the fluid distribution pipe 32 flow along the direction of gravity with its own weight, in theory, this kind of flow is not affected by the flow distance in the y direction, half of the channel 40 notch The width b can be expressed by the following formula:

Q×η=K ₂ ×b ³ ×L

in:

_K2 is a constant;

L is the length of the fluid distribution pipe 32 in the horizontal direction or the length of the distributor 20 .

Therefore, the distributor 20 designed according to the aforementioned formula can not only make the static pressure of the molten glass at any position in each fluid distribution pipe 32 tend to be consistent under the operating environment in which the molten glass flows in a steady state, but also make the molten glass flow through The molten glass in the channel 40 can also be distributed through the outlet 501 of the nozzle 50 with a uniform flow rate.

Because in the aforementioned preferred embodiment, when the homogeneous molten glass flows stably in the distributor 20, its internal pressure distribution will be limited by the shape of the distributor 20, and will automatically change to an equilibrium state to achieve the goal of passing through the channel. The final result is that the molten glass in 40 is distributed at outlet 501 of nozzle 50 with a consistent flow rate. Therefore, based on the same principle, in other preferred embodiments of the present invention, the fluid distribution pipes 32 and channels 40 can also be designed with other contours and slot widths according to the theory of fluid mechanics and the aforementioned mathematical formulas.

As shown in FIG. 7 , in the embodiment of the present invention, the horizontal angle θ _Z corresponding to the center line 821 of each unit length of the fluid distribution pipe 82 of the distributor 70 can also be set to be the same, but along the length of the fluid distribution pipe 82 The direction z makes the pipe diameter D corresponding to the fluid distribution pipe 82 of each unit length be in a tapered state, so that the static pressure of the molten glass in each unit length of the fluid distribution pipe 82 tends to be consistent, and The molten glass flowing through the channel 90 can pass through the outlet 901 of the channel 90 at a consistent flow rate. In this embodiment, when designing the fluid distribution pipe 82 and the channel 90, the following two formulas are used to calculate the outline of the fluid distribution pipe 82 and the width of the channel 90:

${<span\; class="notranslate">\; (</span>\frac{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; )</span>}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; z</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&eta;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="K"\; filenames="A20041005009700231.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 1</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; D.</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 4</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; sin</span>}{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&theta;</span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; z</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; ,</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; Q</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&eta;</span>}<span\; class="notranslate">\; =</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; <figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="K"\; filenames="A20041005009700231.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">K</figure-callout></span>}}_{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 2</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; b</span>}}^{\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; 3</span>}}<span\; class="notranslate">\; \&times;</span>\mathrm{<span\; class="notranslate">\; L</span>}$

in:

Q is the flow rate of molten glass (cm ³ /sec);

η is the viscosity (poise) of molten glass;

D is the pipe diameter (cm) of fluid distribution pipe 82;

K ₁ and K ₂ are constants respectively;

B is the half width (cm) of channel 90 notches;

L is the length of the fluid distribution pipe 82 in the horizontal direction or the length of the distributor 70 .

According to the above two preferred embodiments, it can be seen that when designing the fluid distribution pipe, whether the pipe diameter is fixed, but the horizontal angle corresponding to each unit length decreases along its length direction; or the design of each unit length is adopted The corresponding horizontal angle is fixed, but the pipe diameter decreases along its length direction; the change of viscosity or output of thin plate glass forming does not need to meet the restriction of Q ₁ ×η ₁ =Q ₂ ×η ₂ .

In summary, due to the distributors designed by the above two preferred embodiments, the pressure distribution of the molten glass in the distributor can automatically tend to balance without being limited by its length direction. Therefore, the method of the present invention And the equipment is especially suitable for the production of large-size thin glass with wider and consistent thickness. Compared with the traditional "overflow fusion method", it is not only low in cost, easy in maintenance, but also melts the glass in the dispenser during operation. The temperature, flow rate and pulling speed are relatively easy to be kept in a fixed state, which effectively avoids the traditional "overflow fusion method" when two sheets of thin glass are fused into one sheet glass due to strong radiation cooling. Thin glass has the disadvantage of being difficult to fuse and form. Although the surface of the thin plate glass produced by the method and equipment of the present invention is not as good as the 'overflow fusion method', the quality of the surface can easily meet the customer's requirements only through preliminary grinding, so the present invention can be used in forming The subsequent equipment and environmental requirements do not need to be particularly strict, therefore, the cost of maintenance and maintenance can be greatly reduced.

Claims (14)

1, a kind of forming method that utilizes the long and narrow hole glass tube down-drawing to produce thin plate material, it is characterized in that it comprise will be melting shape homogeneous thermoplastic material import dispense tube, make the homogeneous thermoplastic material by two rear flank of uniformly distributing to dispense tube, make that the flow longshore current body distribution piping both sides length direction of homogeneous thermoplastic materials is made linear decrease in dispense tube, and make flow unanimity in the dispense tube unit length, so that distribution of static pressure of thermoplastic material tends to balance automatically in it; Make the homogeneous thermoplastic material by uniformly distributing during, can vertically flow to downwards and be connected in the channel of dispense tube below, and make that the homogeneous thermoplastic material can be with the outlet by the channel root edge of the unit length flow of unanimity to the dispense tube both sides.

2, the forming method that utilizes the long and narrow hole glass tube down-drawing to produce thin plate material according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the homogeneous thermoplastic material eliminates its mobile static pressure loss in dispense tube by its potential energy in the described dispense tube per unit length, the static pressure of the thermoplastic material of arbitrary position in the dispense tube is reached unanimity.

3, the forming method that utilizes the long and narrow hole glass tube down-drawing to produce thin plate material according to claim 2, the angle that the per unit length medullary ray that it is characterized in that described dispense tube length direction corresponds to its horizontal direction is designed to successively decrease to the dispense tube zygomorphy, with the uniformly distributing flow, and make the static pressure of the thermoplastic material of arbitrary position in the dispense tube reach unanimity.

4, the forming method that utilizes the long and narrow hole glass tube down-drawing to produce thin plate material according to claim 3, the width that it is characterized in that described channel, be designed to make the homogeneous thermoplastic material flow in arbitrary unit length on the dispense tube to flow in the channel along the terrestrial attraction direction with self gravitation, order can be with the outlet by the channel root edge of the flow of consistent unit length through the homogeneous thermoplastic material of channel.

5, the forming method that utilizes the long and narrow hole glass tube down-drawing to produce thin plate material according to claim 2, the pairing horizontal sextant angle of medullary ray that it is characterized in that the per unit length of described divider dispense tube all is made as identical, but the length direction of longshore current body distribution piping, then make the pairing caliber of dispense tube of per unit length be designed to distribution piping zygomorphy convergent, with the uniformly distributing flow, also can make the static pressure of homogeneous thermoplastic material in the dispense tube per unit length reach unanimity.

6, the forming method that utilizes the long and narrow hole glass tube down-drawing to produce thin plate material according to claim 5, the width that it is characterized in that described channel, be designed to make the homogeneous thermoplastic material flow in arbitrary unit length on the dispense tube to flow in the channel along the terrestrial attraction direction with self gravitation, order can be with the outlet by the channel root edge of the flow of consistent unit length through the homogeneous thermoplastic material of channel.

7, the forming method that utilizes the long and narrow hole glass tube down-drawing to produce thin plate material according to claim 2, after it is characterized in that described homogeneous thermoplastic material passes through the long and narrow hole nozzle of outlet of channel root edge and below thereof in regular turn with consistent flow, produce the thin plate material of consistency of thickness according to glass tube down-drawing.

8, a kind of molding device that utilizes the long and narrow hole glass tube down-drawing to produce thin plate material is characterized in that it comprises in order to the feeder sleeve that imports thermoplastic material, the joint that is connected the feeder sleeve below, two dispense tube and channel; Two dispense tube are able to symmetry and are connected both sides, joint below; Make the thermoplastic material that imports by feeder sleeve enter two dispense tube respectively through behind the joint, and flow to the end of dispense tube respectively to both sides along the medullary ray of two dispense tube, and when stable state is produced, order is flowed within it and the flow that is the homogeneous thermoplastic material of melting shape is made linear decrease along the length direction of dispense tube both sides, and make the interior flow unanimity of dispense tube unit length, so that distribution of static pressure of thermoplastic material tends to balance automatically in it; Channel has the notch in the cross section that is rectangle, and the one end is connected with the root edge of two dispense tube along its length, and is conducted with two dispense tube; The homogeneous thermoplastic material that flows into two dispense tube with order by uniformly distributing to dispense tube two rear flank, can vertically flow to the outlet of channel root edge via the notch of channel downwards, and with the flow of unanimity by the outlet of channel root edge.

9, the molding device that utilizes the long and narrow hole glass tube down-drawing to produce thin plate material according to claim 8, it is characterized in that described two dispense tube are designed to according to Hydrodynamics Theory along forming of arbitrary position of its length direction that the potential energy of homogeneous thermoplastic material eliminates its mobile static pressure loss in dispense tube in it, reach unanimity the static pressure of the thermoplastic material of arbitrary position in the dispense tube.

10, the molding device that utilizes the long and narrow hole glass tube down-drawing to produce thin plate material according to claim 9, it is characterized in that described two dispense tube correspond to formed each horizontal sextant angle of its sea line along arbitrary place-centric line of its length direction, be designed to more past two dispense tube ends, its horizontal sextant angle is littler.

11, the molding device that utilizes the long and narrow hole glass tube down-drawing to produce thin plate material according to claim 10, it is characterized in that described the linking be designed to make that the homogeneous thermoplastic material flow in arbitrary unit length can flow in the channel along the terrestrial attraction direction with self gravitation on the dispense tube in the channel width of two dispense tube root edges, order can be with the outlet by the channel root edge of the flow of consistent unit length through the homogeneous thermoplastic material of channel.

12, the molding device that utilizes the long and narrow hole glass tube down-drawing to produce thin plate material according to claim 9, the pairing horizontal sextant angle of medullary ray that it is characterized in that the per unit length of described dispense tube all is made as identical, but the length direction of longshore current body distribution piping then makes the pairing caliber of dispense tube of per unit length be designed to distribution piping zygomorphy convergent.

13, the molding device that utilizes the long and narrow hole glass tube down-drawing to produce thin plate material according to claim 12, it is characterized in that described the linking be designed to make that the homogeneous thermoplastic material flow in arbitrary unit length can flow in the channel along the terrestrial attraction direction with self gravitation on the dispense tube in the channel width of two dispense tube root edges, order can be with the outlet by the channel root edge of the flow of consistent unit length through the homogeneous thermoplastic material of channel.

14, the molding device that utilizes the long and narrow hole glass tube down-drawing to produce thin plate material according to claim 9 is characterized in that the below linking of described channel is provided with nozzle, can pass through nozzle by consistent flow to make the homogeneous thermoplastic material by channel.

Images