CN1712311A - 生产流动食品密封包装的包装机和改进的包装充填机构 - Google Patents
生产流动食品密封包装的包装机和改进的包装充填机构 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/82—Pressure application arrangements, e.g. transmission or actuating mechanisms for joining tools or clamps
- B29C66/822—Transmission mechanisms
- B29C66/8226—Cam mechanisms; Wedges; Eccentric mechanisms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
- B29C65/22—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
- B29C65/221—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip
- B29C65/224—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the type of heated wire, resistive ribbon, band or strip being a resistive ribbon, a resistive band or a resistive strip
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
- B29C65/22—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
- B29C65/228—Heated wire resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip characterised by the means for electrically connecting the ends of said heated wire, resistive ribbon, resistive band or resistive strip
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
- B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
- B29C65/24—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools characterised by the means for heating the tool
- B29C65/30—Electrical means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
- B29C66/20—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines
- B29C66/23—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations
- B29C66/232—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being multiple and parallel or being in the form of tessellations said joint lines being multiple and parallel, i.e. the joint being formed by several parallel joint lines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
- B29C66/431—Joining the articles to themselves
- B29C66/4312—Joining the articles to themselves for making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles, e.g. transversal seams
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
- B29C66/7234—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a barrier layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
- B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/8145—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/81457—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the constructional aspects of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps comprising a block or layer of deformable material, e.g. sponge, foam, rubber
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/834—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools moving with the parts to be joined
- B29C66/8351—Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws
- B29C66/83531—Jaws mounted on rollers, cylinders, drums, bands, belts or chains; Flying jaws jaws mounted on chains
- B29C66/83533—Cooperating jaws mounted on cooperating chains and moving in a closed path
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/84—Specific machine types or machines suitable for specific applications
- B29C66/849—Packaging machines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2705/00—Use of metals, their alloys or their compounds, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
- B29K2705/02—Aluminium
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- B29L2031/7162—Boxes, cartons, cases
- B29L2031/7166—Cartons of the fruit juice or milk type, i.e. containers of polygonal cross sections formed by folding blanks into a tubular body with end-closing or contents-supporting elements, e.g. gable type containers
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Abstract
公开了一种包装机(1),利用沿垂直路径(A)输送的片状材料管(3)生产流动食品的密封包装(2)。该包装机具有至少一对成型组件(35),可循环和连续地移动并可牢固地夹紧和密封片状材料管(3)等间距处的截面;充填管(50),至少部分在包装材料管(3)内延伸以输送食品到管中;和刚性阻尼件(52),其也在包装材料管(3)中延伸,并固定到和围绕至少一部分(51)充填管(50),与充填管一起形成气室(54),在各成型组件(35)操作时控制包装材料管(3)中食品的垂直流动;阻尼件(32)和充填管(50)尽可能地延伸,但不要干涉成型组件(35)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种可生产流动食品密封包装的包装机,和改进的包装充填机构。
背景技术
许多流动食品,比如水果汁,巴氏杀菌或超高温处理(UHT)的牛奶,葡萄酒,番茄汁等是在由无菌包装材料制成的包装中销售。
这种包装的典型示例是用于液体或流动食品的平行六面体包装盒,称为Tetra Brik Aseptic(注册商标),该包装盒是通过折叠和密封层压包装材料带来生产的。
该包装材料具有多层结构,包括一层纸,在其两面覆盖了热封塑料,即聚乙烯,材料层。在长时间存放产品,比如UHT牛奶,的无菌包装的情况下,包装材料还包括一层隔绝氧气的材料,例如铝箔,其施加到热封塑料材料层上,在铝箔上又覆盖另一层热封塑料材料,最终形成包装的接触食品的内表面。
如已经知道的,这种包装在全自动包装机上生产,利用成卷的包装材料形成连续的管。具体地,包装材料卷从卷轴上展开,通过包装机上灭菌室输送,在灭菌室进行杀菌,如通过施加化学消毒剂,如过氧化氢溶液,灭菌后通过加热和/或使包装材料受到适当波长和强度的辐射使消毒剂挥发,灭菌后的包装材料卷保持在密闭的无菌环境中,然后被折叠成圆筒并通过已知的方式沿纵向密封形成连续管状件。
包装材料管,其实际上形成了无菌空腔的延伸体,沿垂直方向连续输送,并连续地填充无菌的或消毒处理过的食品,材料管通过成型单元形成一个个包装。即在成型单元,材料管在多个等间距的截面进行密封,形成连续的通过各个横向密封条互相连接的枕状包装带,即密封条在正交于管移动方向的方向上延伸。通过切割横向密封条将枕状包装分开,然后传递到折叠单元,在折叠单元进行机械折叠,形成最终的六面平行体包装。
已经知道成型单元,如欧洲专利EP-B-0887265所介绍的,其包括两条形成各自循环路径的链传送带,其上并设有相应数量的爪。两个路径各自具有基本上互相面对和平行的部分,包装材料管在两个部分之间输送,一个传送带上的爪沿各路径的所述部分与对应的另一传送带上的爪配合,在多个连续的截面处夹紧管,进行密封和切割分开包装。
换句话,一个传送带上的爪和对应的另一传送带上的爪形成成型组件,可循环地互相作用于包装材料管。
夹在各对爪之间的管部分一般通过一个爪上设置的加热机构进行密封,加热机构局部熔化夹紧在爪之间的热封塑料材料层。
已知道成型单元只包括两对爪,爪可循环地和连续地作用在包装材料管,在多个等间距的截面处进行夹紧和密封,即热密封。这种类型的成型单元设置在瑞典Lund,Ruben Rausingsgata的Tetra pakCarton Ambient AB和意大利Modena 41100,Via Delfini l的Tetra pakCarton Ambientg公司生产的包装机TB/21,TBA/19,TBA/21和Tetrapak A3上。
当各对爪完成密封操作,相对爪中的一个爪支撑的切割器动作,与包装材料管互相作用,沿刚密封的截面的中心线切割,从包装材料管的底端分割出枕状包装。底端被横向密封,相对的爪在到达底端的死点位置时可打开,避免与管的顶端发生干涉。同时,另一对爪,完全以相同的方式操作,从顶端死点位置向下移动,重复上述夹紧/成型,密封和切割过程。
尽管在很多方面是优秀的,上述类型的包装机仍留有进一步改进的空间,尤其是涉及将食品灌入包装材料管的方面。
具体地,本发明申请提出了一种充填机构,能够极大地减少食品在包装材料管中的振荡,可保证包装正确成型,即使在高达18000个包装/小时的相当高的输出速度下,和具有不同特性如粘性、成泡性等的范围广泛的食品的情况下。
该装置在美国专利US 6,035,614公开,主要包括充填管,其具有在包装材料管内同轴延伸的端部,以输送食品;和刚性阻尼件,也位于包装材料管中,具有倒圆柱形杯状,即具有朝向成型单元的开口,并固定到和围绕至少一部分的充填管的端部,与充填管一起形成气室,当成型横向密封条时,可阻碍包装材料管内食品的向上流动。
具体地,充填管和阻尼件在包装材料管中可向上延伸到包装机的最大点,管子在进入成型单元之前支撑和引导于最大点。
阻尼件具有圆柱形侧壁,位于距充填管外表面的给定径向距离处;和环形的与端部开口相对的盘状端壁,其从充填管沿径向突出,并正交于侧壁。
阻尼件的侧壁的外表面在径向上与包装材料管的内表面分开很小距离,可防止管和阻尼件在使用时相互之间发生相对滑动。
在各包装的成型循环中,包装材料管中的食品首先被围绕材料管的相对爪向上挤压,相对的爪夹紧和逐渐闭合,在相对的截面处使包装材料管扁平,然后通过沿垂直路径向下运动的包装材料管向下推动。
换句话,食品交替地上下移动,在阻尼件内移动和围绕阻尼件通过阻尼件的外表面和包装材料管的内表面之间的间隙移动。从而位于阻尼件的上面和下面。
在阻尼件内向上流的产品受到阻尼件和充填管之间形成空腔内的空气的反作用,因此减慢了爪夹紧包装材料管所形成的各包装的规定体积的“清空”。
此外,流入阻尼件和包装材料管之间间隙的食品造成的向上溅出受到阻尼件上面的液体体积的限制。
简单地,阻尼件可极大地减少包装材料管中食品水平的变化,因此可保证包装的正确成型和令人满意的充填。
不过,随着输出速度的增加,如速度超过18000到24000个包装/小时,发现包装材料撕裂,从而导致生产停顿。通过仔细的研究,已经发现了这种撕裂的原因,包装材料在高速时具有变形的倾向,具体地当进入成型单元时被爪夹住时出现撕裂。即当爪围绕包装材料管闭合时,进行下个包装的食品体积中形成振荡和真空,其结果是包装材料向管内部变形,使爪更容易夹坏包装材料管。
发明内容
本发明的一个目的是提供一种包装机,可生产流动食品的密封包装,设计成以简单和低成本的方式消除前面提到的缺点,尤其是可保证在任何输出速率下包装正确成型。
根据本发明,提出了一种生产流动食品的密封包装的包装机,可利用沿垂直路径A输送的片状包装材料管生产流动食品的密封包装,所述包装机包括:
至少一对成型组件,可循环和连续地移动并可牢固地夹紧和密封片状材料管等间距处的截面,在形成的包装上形成相对的密封条;各成型组件包括第一和第二爪,分别沿第一和第二循环路径P,Q移动,所述路径在垂直路径A的两侧延伸,形成各自临近垂直路径A的工作部分,密封条沿工作部分在包装材料管上形成;和
充填机构,包括充填管,至少部分在包装材料管内延伸,以输送食品到管中;和刚性阻尼件,其也在包装材料管中延伸,并固定到和围绕至少一部分的充填管,与所述充填管一起形成气室,在形成密封条时,阻碍包装材料管中食品的垂直流动;
其特征在于,至少充填管具有食品出口,沿所述垂直路径A位于距第一夹持高度一定距离处,所述距离不超过第一夹持高度和第一及第二路径P,Q的最大高度之间距离D1的45%。
附图说明
下面将参考附图,通过示例的方式对本发明的优选的非限制性的实施例进行介绍。其中:
图1是根据本发明的生产流动食品密封包装的包装机的示意侧视图,其中为了简化去掉了一些部件;
图2是图1包装机的细节的放大侧视图;
图3是图1包装机的爪成型单元的透视图,其中为了简化去掉了一些部件;
图4是图3的成型单元的框架的透视图;
图5和6显示了图3成型单元的爪的相对侧面的放大透视图;
图7是图1的包装机的包装充填机构的透视图;
图8是图7的包装充填机构的细节的放大截面图。
具体实施方式
图1中的标记1整体表示利用包装材料管3连续生产流动食品,比如巴氏杀菌或超高温处理的牛奶,水果汁,葡萄酒等的密封包装2的包装机。
管3以已知方式通过纵向折叠和密封片状热封包装材料卷4(见图7)形成,并通过未显示的已知机构沿垂直路径A输送到包装机1。
包装材料卷4具有多层结构(未显示),可方便地包括一层纸材料,两面覆盖热封塑料材料层,如聚乙烯材料层。在长时间存放产品,比如UHT牛奶,的无菌包装的情况下,包装材料还包括一层隔绝氧气的材料,例如铝箔,其施加到热封塑料材料层上,在铝箔上又覆盖另一层热封塑料材料,最终形成包装2的接触食品的内表面。
包装机1主要包括充填机构5,充填机构5用于连续输送带有待包装的杀菌或消毒处理过的食品的管3;和爪成型单元6,用于夹紧和密封管3的等间距截面处,以形成连续的包装2。
通过已知的可由滚轮形成的支撑和引导组件,管3与路径A同轴地输送到一定位置,该位置距管3第一次被成型单元6沿相对截面夹紧高的度有预定最大距离D。为了简化,只部分显示了整体上用18表示的支撑和引导组件,其沿成型单元6的方向位于最下游并形成所述距离D。换句话,组件18形成包装管3进入成型单元6之前的最后支撑和引导单元。
参考图1到6,成型单元6包括由两个侧壁8a,8b和两个刚性的固定在所述侧壁8a,8b之间的平行横向壁9a,9b形成的框架7,横向壁与侧壁8a,8b一起形成空腔10,两个链传送带11,12,支撑于框架7并各自具有可互相配合的爪13,14,传送带可以沿路径A通过空腔10输送包装材料管3。
传送带11,12形成各自的循环路径P,Q,爪13,14沿路径P,Q输送,路径分别绕框架7的壁9a,9b延伸,对称地位于路径A的两侧。
传送带11包括带活节的链15,沿路径P延伸,两个驱动轮16在路径P的底端与链15的两侧配合。爪13是链15的整体部件,形成交替的连接,并通过成对的杆17以关节连接方式互相连接(见图1,2,5,6)。
具体地,各个爪13(见图1,2,3,5,6)包括主体20,其是细长件沿正交于路径A和平行于壁9a的方向延伸,具有端部扩大部分21,22,从扩大部分突出第一和第二销23,24,分别具有间隔开的平行于主体20主要尺寸的轴线B,C。杆17在爪13的销23,24枢轴转动,可将一个爪13的销23连接到相邻爪13的销24。
以相同的方式,传送带12包括带活节的链25,沿路径Q延伸,两个驱动轮26在路径Q的底端与链25配合。链25由多个爪14形成,爪通过活节连接的方式互相连接,只介绍与爪13不同的细节。爪14的部件与爪13的部件相同或对应的使用相同的标记。简单地,各个爪14包括主体20,具有成对的端部销23,24,连接相邻的成对爪14的枢轴转动杆17位于端部销上。
各个爪13包括安装到主体20的横向于管3路径A的感应加热件29。加热件29包括两个直的平行作用表面30(见图5),通过两个接触电刷31进行电连接,使用时,电刷沿安装到框架7的供电杆(未显示)滑动,供电杆沿空腔10内的路径P一部分延伸。
各爪14不设置加热件29(见图1和2),其包括压力杆32,压力杆与对应的爪13的加热件29配合,紧密地夹紧管3的截面。在使用时面对对应的爪13的杆32的前表面以已知方式设置了两条较柔性的弹性材料,可与相对加热件29的作用表面30的包装材料配合。
换句话,传送带11的各个爪13和传送带12的对应爪14形成了爪组件35,可循环作用于包装材料管3。
爪13和14(见图3,5,6)还各自包括包装形成时控制包装2体积的机构36。各机构36可从欧洲专利EP-B-0887265了解,因此不作详细介绍,其主要包括绕与轴线B,C平行的轴线铰接到主体20的半壳体37。
如图3所示,各半壳体37的前面结合互补的半壳体37形成基本为六面体形状的空腔以容纳形成的包装2。各机构36还包括凸轮从动轮38,可空转地安装在支承座,支承座整体固定到相对的半壳体37的后面。
爪13和14的凸轮从动轮38与各自的凸轮39配合,凸轮安装到框架7的壁9a和9b,图3中只能看到连接到传送带11的一个从动轮。
爪13和14的运动分别由凸轮对40,41控制,凸轮安装到框架7的壁9a,9b并与安装到爪13和14的端部扩大部分21,22的凸轮从动轮42,43配合。各对从动轮43,43与销24,23同轴,并沿轴向互相偏置,以便与各自的凸轮41,41配合。
具体地,壁9a(见图3和图4)上设置了两对凸轮40,41,分别与爪13的从动轮42,43对配合;类似地,壁9b上设置了两对凸轮40,41,分别与爪14的从动轮42,43对配合。
凸轮40,41(见图1和4)具有各自的基本为U形的部分40a,41a,其绕壁9a,9b的顶边延伸,形成相对各自驱动轮16和26的返回部分,用于各自传送带11,12的链15,25;部分40b,41b沿各自的壁9a,9b在空腔10内延伸。部分40a,41a形成两个路径P,Q中的一部分P1,Q1,爪13和14沿部分P1,Q1朝对方移动,夹紧包装材料管3;部分40b,41b形成两个路径P,Q的互相面对的基本平行的部分P2,Q2,爪13和14沿部分P2,Q2在压力下保持接触,在各自基本平面的横向密封条44处形成周边密封的包装2;从而形成连续的包装带,其包括多个六面体形状的容器部分45,通过横向条44互相连接,横向密封条44可沿路径A用结合于爪13或14的已知切割器(未显示)进行切割,或在形成单元6的下游切割,形成包装2。
在路径P,Q的部分P2,Q2的上游端部,各个爪组件35形成包装材料管3首次被夹紧的高度,如图1所示。
凸轮40,41在各自路径P,Q的部分P3,Q3和在驱动轮16,26的输出处释放相对的链15,25。
链15,25沿部分P3,Q3与成对的张紧机构46配合,保持链15,25足够张紧,使爪13,14的从动轮42,43和相对的凸轮40,41之间保持接触。
参考图1,2,7和8,充填机构5包括充填管50,其具有在包装材料管3内同轴延伸的端部51,以输送食品;和刚性的阻尼件52,其也位于包装材料管3内部,具有倒圆柱形杯的形式,即开口53面对成型单元6,阻尼件固定到和围绕充填管50的至少一部分端部51,与充填管50一起形成气室54,当管3被爪13,14压扁形成横向密封条44时,可阻碍包装材料管3内的食品向上流动。
具体地,阻尼件52包括圆柱形侧壁55,其位于距充填管50外表面的给定径向距离处;和相对开口53的环形盘状端壁56,从充填管50的端部51沿径向和正交于路径A突出。
侧壁55从端壁56与路径A同轴地延伸,其延伸的长度大于或最好是至少二倍于阻尼件52的外径。
阻尼件52的侧壁55的外表面沿径向与包装材料管3分开很小距离,以防止管3和阻尼件52在使用时相对滑动,可防止磨损和互相滑动的部件的逐渐损坏,和防止任何摩擦造成的分离材料污染食品。
充填管50最好有食品出口57。从阻尼件52朝成型单元6的爪13,14突出。
充填机构5还包括已知的控制组件60,可调节食品从充填管50的流出。具体地,控制组件60主要包括流量调节阀61,其串联到充填管50的上游部分62;和水平传感器63,可根据流过阀61进行调节的是何种食品,产生涉及包装材料管3内食品水平的信号S。
即,信号S假定包装材料管3内存在第一,即逻辑高水平,预定食品水平L,和第二,即逻辑低水平,产品水平,其低于水平L。
水平传感器63(见图7)最好位于充填管50的附近,其沿路径A的位置应使得包装材料管3内形成可施加0.03到0.3巴压力到阻尼件52的食品柱,压力最好为0.1巴。
根据本发明的一个重要方面,充填管50的出口57沿路径A的位置距离管3第一次被爪组件35夹紧的高度不大于距离D1的45%,其中距离D1是第一夹紧高度和路径P和Q的最大高度之间的距离(见图2)。阻尼件52的向上延伸的距离距所述第一夹紧高度不超过路径P和Q的最大高度。
相对于支撑和引导组件18,充填管50的出口57沿路径A的位置距管3第一次被各爪组件35夹紧的高度的距离最好不超过最大距离D的30%;因此,充填管50的出口57从支撑和引导组件18朝成型单元6突出距离不小于最大距离D的70%。
此外,阻尼件52从支撑和引导组件18朝成型单元6突出的距离是最大距离D的30%到60%。
充填管50和阻尼件52最好尽可能的延伸,但不能与成型单元6的爪13,14干涉,使充填管50的出口57和阻尼件52的开口53尽可能接近管3第一次在成型单元6内夹紧的高度,因此减少形成的包装2产生的振荡,如后面进行的详细介绍。
如图1所示,充填管50的出口57面对各个爪13,14的路径P,Q的部分P1,Q1的下游端部并位于其间。
包装机1的操作如下:
两个传送带11,12沿相对的方向转动,如图1中的箭头所示,使各个爪13,14与包装材料管3从各自路径P,Q的部分P1,Q1沿各自的部分P2,Q2配合,并随着凸轮40,41的形状确定的运动路线移动。
现在参考一个爪组件35,即参考传送带11的一个爪13和对应的传送带12的爪14,更详细地介绍操作循环。很明显,所有的爪13和14在取决于输出速率的时间间隔下执行相同的循环。
爪13和14沿着部分P1,Q1靠拢,逐渐使管3在横向条44处变形并最终将其压扁。
在部分P1,Q1结束的位置,控制包装2体积的机构36动作;爪13,14的半壳体37面对面地靠到一起,形成六面体形状空腔,确定变形包装的容器部分45。
沿着各路径P,Q的部分P2,Q2,爪13和14牢固地夹紧管3,使相对的横向条44完全扁平;加热件29通电,密封形成横向条44的两个包装材料的表面叠合部分。
当包装材料管3在相对的爪13,14对之间夹紧时,食品水平上升到管3内的水平L,信号S从第二转换到第一逻辑值,通过已知的方式改变阀61的结构,减少食品从充填管50的流入。
包装材料管3连继续地向下移动使食品水平下降到水平L以下,使信号S从第一转换到第二逻辑值,阀61自动打开增加食品从充填管50的流入。
换句话,食品受到推动交替地上升和下降,流入到阻尼件52内和其周围,通过阻尼件52的外表面和包装材料管3的内表面之间的间隙,因此,位于阻尼件52的上面和下面。
阻尼件52内的食品向上流动受到空腔54内空气的阻碍,因此减缓了所形成的各包装2确定体积的“清空”,否则当爪13和14夹紧包装材料管3时会发生这种情况。
此外,食品流入阻尼件52和包装材料管3之间间隙内造成的任何向上溅出限制于阻尼件52上面的液体体积。
充填管50和阻尼件52的位置接近包装材料管3第一次被各对爪13,14夹紧的高度可极大地减少食品出口的振荡,这种作用与阻尼件52的腔54内空气作用于向上流动产品的阻碍作用一起减少了爪13,14闭合可能在管3内紧靠爪13,14的上游部分产生的真空作用。
换句话,在各对爪13和14的闭合期间,填充到形成的各包装2的产品体积保持基本一致,因此防止了包装材料的变形和塌陷,所以包装机1可以非常高的输出速率运转,即使超过18000到24000个包装/小时,不存在包装材料通过与爪13,14相互作用被夹坏,撕裂的问题。
实验显示出包装机1生产的包装2的重量差得到明显减小。
很清楚,对本文介绍的包装机1可进行变化,不脱离所附权利要求限定的本发明的范围。
具体地,包装机1可设置两对爪,循环地和交替地作用于包装材料管3。
Claims (8)
1.一种包装机(1),可利用沿垂直路径(A)输送的片状包装材料管(3)生产流动食品的密封包装(2),所述包装机(1)包括:
至少一对成型组件(35),可循环和连续地移动并可牢固地夹紧和密封所述片状材料管(3)等间距处的截面,在形成的所述包装(2)上形成相对的密封条(44);所述各成型组件(35)包括第一和第二爪(13,14),分别沿第一和第二循环路径(P,Q)移动,所述路径在所述垂直路径(A)的两侧延伸,形成各自临近所述垂直路径(A)的工作部分(P1,P2,Q1,Q2),沿工作部分所述密封条(44)在所述包装材料管(3)上形成;和
充填机构(5),包括充填管(50),至少部分在所述包装材料管(3)内延伸以输送食品到管中;和刚性阻尼件(52),其也在所述包装材料管(3)中延伸,并固定到和围绕至少一部分(51)充填管(50),与所述充填管一起形成气室(54),在形成所述密封条时,阻碍包装材料管(3)中食品的垂直流动;
其特征在于,至少所述充填管(50)具有食品出口(57),沿所述垂直路径(A)位于距第一夹持高度一定距离处,所述距离不超过所述第一夹持高度和所述第一及第二路径(P,Q)的最大高度之间距离(D1)的45%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的包装机,其特征在于,所述阻尼件延伸的距离距所述第一夹持高度不超过所述第一及第二路径(P,Q)的最大高度。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的包装机,所述包装机包括支撑和引导件(18),可沿所述垂直路径(A)同轴地朝所述爪(13,14)输送所述包装材料管(3),到达距所述第一夹持高度的给定最大距离(D),其特征在于,所述充填管(50)的所述出口(57)沿所述垂直路径(A)距所述第一夹持高度不超过所述最大距离(D)的30%。
4.根据权利要求3所述的包装机,其特征在于,所述阻尼件(52)从所述支撑和引导件(18)朝所述爪(13,14)突出所述最大距离(D)的30%到60%。
5.根据前面权利要求中任一项所述的包装机,其特征在于,所述充填管(50)的所述出口(57)和所述阻尼件(52)尽可能延伸,但不能干涉所述爪(13,14)。
6.根据前面权利要求中任一项所述的包装机,其特征在于,所述充填管(50)的出口(57)从所述阻尼件(52)朝所述爪(13,14)突出。
7.根据前面权利要求中任一项所述的包装机,其特征在于,所述充填管(50)的所述出口(57)面对所述爪(13,14)的第一和第二路径(P,Q)的所述工作部分(P1,P2,Q1,Q2)的各上游端(P1,Q1)延伸并位于其间。
8.根据前面权利要求中任一项所述的包装机,其特征在于,所述包装机包括第一链传送带(11),其具有多个第一爪(13)和形成了第一循环路径(P),所述第一爪(13)沿所述第一路径移动;和第二链传送带(12),其具有多个第二爪(14)并形成第二循环路径(Q),所述第二爪沿所述第二路径移动;所述第一和第二路径(P,Q)各自包括邻近所述包装材料管(3)的垂直路径(A)的工作部分(P1,P2,Q1,Q2),并在所述垂直路径(A)的两侧基本对称延伸,使所述第一爪(13)结合所述第二爪(14)在等间距的截面处牢固夹紧和密封所述管(3);所述第一传送带(11)的所述第一爪(13)与对应的所述第二传送带(12)的所述第二爪(14)形成相对的成型组件(35)。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ITTO2004A000396 | 2004-06-15 | ||
| IT000396A ITTO20040396A1 (it) | 2004-06-15 | 2004-06-15 | Macchina confezionatrice per la realizzazione di confezioni sigillate di prodotti alimentari versabili dotata di un dispositivo perfezionato di riempimento delle confezioni |
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| CN1712311A true CN1712311A (zh) | 2005-12-28 |
| CN100548811C CN100548811C (zh) | 2009-10-14 |
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| CNB2004101001101A Expired - Fee Related CN100548811C (zh) | 2004-06-15 | 2004-11-30 | 生产流动食品密封包装的包装机和改进的包装充填机构 |
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| JP (1) | JP2006001648A (zh) |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102303726A (zh) * | 2011-08-26 | 2012-01-04 | 上海宏曲电子科技有限公司 | 管状材料包装的控制装置 |
| WO2013029356A1 (zh) * | 2011-08-26 | 2013-03-07 | 上海宏曲电子科技有限公司 | 管状材料包装的控制装置 |
| EP3456642A1 (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2019-03-20 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | A tensioning device for a chain driven jaw system |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5152900B2 (ja) * | 2007-11-17 | 2013-02-27 | 日本テトラパック株式会社 | 包装充填装置 |
| WO2010023859A1 (ja) * | 2008-08-24 | 2010-03-04 | テトラ ラバル ホールディングス アンド ファイナンス エス エイ | 包装充填装置 |
| EP2189375B1 (en) * | 2008-11-24 | 2011-11-09 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance SA | Packaging unit for producing sealed packages of a food product pourable into a tube of packaging material |
| CN102001457A (zh) * | 2010-11-12 | 2011-04-06 | 李文峰 | 一种茶叶称重及薄膜内袋制袋装料的一体机 |
| JP5361015B2 (ja) * | 2012-08-23 | 2013-12-04 | 日本テトラパック株式会社 | 包装充填装置 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE454167B (sv) * | 1982-09-27 | 1988-04-11 | Tetra Pak Ab | Sett och anordning vid tillverkning av forpackningsbehallare |
| SE466306B (sv) * | 1990-06-06 | 1992-01-27 | Tetra Pak Holdings Sa | Formningsdon vid foerpackningsmaskin foer flexibelt foerpackningsmaterial |
| JPH06211201A (ja) * | 1993-01-12 | 1994-08-02 | Taisei Ramick Kk | 自動充填製袋機における被包装物の充填方法およびそれに用いて好適な被包装物送給装置 |
| ATE204241T1 (de) * | 1997-06-04 | 2001-09-15 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance | Füllrohr für verpackungsmaschinen für flüssige nahrungsmittel |
| ES2208858T3 (es) * | 1997-06-27 | 2004-06-16 | TETRA LAVAL HOLDINGS & FINANCE SA | Unidad de envasado para producir continuamente envases sellados que cotienen productos alimenticios vertibles, y metodo para vigilar una operacion de sellado realizada en la unidad de envasado. |
| ATE301579T1 (de) * | 1999-10-13 | 2005-08-15 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance | Verpackungseinheit zum kontinuierlichen herstellen von verpackungen für flüssige nahrungsmittel |
-
2004
- 2004-06-15 IT IT000396A patent/ITTO20040396A1/it unknown
- 2004-11-30 CN CNB2004101001101A patent/CN100548811C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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2005
- 2005-04-11 JP JP2005112979A patent/JP2006001648A/ja active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102303726A (zh) * | 2011-08-26 | 2012-01-04 | 上海宏曲电子科技有限公司 | 管状材料包装的控制装置 |
| WO2013029356A1 (zh) * | 2011-08-26 | 2013-03-07 | 上海宏曲电子科技有限公司 | 管状材料包装的控制装置 |
| CN102303726B (zh) * | 2011-08-26 | 2013-11-06 | 上海宏曲电子科技有限公司 | 管状材料包装的控制装置 |
| GB2508047A (en) * | 2011-08-26 | 2014-05-21 | Shanghai Hongqu Elect Tech Co | Control device for tubular material package |
| EP3456642A1 (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2019-03-20 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | A tensioning device for a chain driven jaw system |
| WO2019052923A1 (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2019-03-21 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | VOLTAGE DEVICE FOR CHAIN DRIVEN JAW SYSTEM |
| US11530063B2 (en) | 2017-09-15 | 2022-12-20 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance S.A. | Tensioning device for a chain driven jaw system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100548811C (zh) | 2009-10-14 |
| HK1086801A1 (zh) | 2006-09-29 |
| JP2006001648A (ja) | 2006-01-05 |
| ITTO20040396A1 (it) | 2004-09-15 |
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