CN1797008A - A Method of Detecting Load Current Using Duty Cycle Signal of Pulse Width Modulation Controller - Google Patents
A Method of Detecting Load Current Using Duty Cycle Signal of Pulse Width Modulation Controller Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting load current by using a duty cycle signal of a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) controller, which comprises the following steps: providing a PWM controller for performing voltage stabilization control on a load; installing a PWM duty cycle sensor (PWM duty cycle sensor) device, wherein the PWM duty cycle sensor device receives a duty cycle signal from a PWM controller and detects the load current of a load according to the duty cycle change in the duty cycle signal; and dynamically regulating and controlling the working frequency, the working voltage and the related heat dissipation device of the load by using the detection result. The method can detect the current change of the load in real time, and further perform relevant control on the load by using the detection result so as to improve the working efficiency of the load and reduce unnecessary power consumption.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is relevant a kind of method that detects load current, and particularly a kind of work period pulse waveform signal that utilizes PDM keyer detects the method for load current.
Background technology
Current detection technology is played the part of a very important role on electronic circuit, especially the part of power circuit, because power circuit just as the heart of health, must continuously provide blood each corner to health, higher as blood pressure is influential to health; Therefore, how to detect electric current accurately and real-time and will greatest influence be arranged for the stability and the security of whole electronic circuit system.Present existing current detecting mode mainly is to use the mode of resistance switch technology: on the path of power supply supply, the resistance of a low resistance of serial connection, when electric current flows through this resistance, can produce voltage drop slightly, utilize Ohm law, just can calculate the electric current of load consumption this moment.Yet this kind mode has following several shortcoming: 1. the accuracy of current detecting can influence because of error, external environment (as temperature etc.) or other uncertain factor of resistor assembly itself; 2. when big electric current, resistor assembly can cause extra power consumption, and this power consumption is wasted in system in the mode of heat energy at last.
And in existing motherboard design, load current for the load of system (as CPU (central processing unit) (CPU) etc.) detects, mainly contain two kinds of modes, one is to use the detection mode of hardware circuit, tying up to load end uses thermistor computer hardwares such as (or special transistors) to detect, its principle of operation is: when load increases the weight of (being that load current becomes greatly), the surface temperature beginning of load increases thereupon, can detect its temperature system by thermistor this moment increases with nonlinear way gradually, can infer to such an extent that the electric current of this load is cumulative adding at this moment by this, otherwise, reduce when recording load temperature, then can get load current system and diminish.This genealogy of law is inferred the variation of load current indirectly by the temperature change situation of load, yet, the electric current of load changes comparatively quick usually, and it is not to be reflected in real time in the change of load temperature, and also will increase time delay by doing transmission again after the thermistor induction; So the shortcoming of method for real-time inadequately, causes and can't control immediately, the current drain situation of monitoring load.The opposing party's genealogy of law detects load current in the mode of software, more general way is to adopt computer operating system to detect it at present, for example when load is a CPU, can read the present utilization rate of CPU by Windows API (Application Programming Interface), when the utilization rate of CPU is high more, promptly represent this moment CPU institute consumed current big more, that is the load current of CPU will become big, vice versa, can infer the variation situation that load current by this.The shortcoming of this method is; because it is the operation that relies on operating system, when operating system is delayed machine or execution shakiness, will cause measuring ability to lose efficacy or misalignment; and be not that every kind of operating system all can be supported the safeguard measure of being correlated with, so method may cause the infringement that can't expect.
In addition, at present in general main frame, the frequency of operation of CPU system usually is maintained at fixed value, and its operating voltage is controlled by width modulation (PWM) controller in the motherboard also, be tending towards maintaining a voltage stabilizing state of value, right this way makes the task performance of CPU be restricted usually, can't promote.As described above, if via effective load current detection method, detect to such an extent that the load current of CPU is cumulative adding at this moment, on behalf of present CPU, it just be busy with handling lot of data (data), that is CPU is in high utilization rate state, can accelerate the operation processing speed of CPU if can heighten the frequency of operation (promptly carrying out the overclocking operation) of CPU by controlling mechanism this moment, make the treatment effeciency of CPU and speed promote; And at the same time,, can make the operation behavior of CPU more stable if can moderately increase the operating voltage (or claiming load voltage) of CPU.In like manner, if it is decrescence few to get the load current system of CPU after testing, on behalf of CPU, it be in idle or low utilization rate state, that is must not handle bulk information, can reduce unnecessary power consumption if can downgrade frequency of operation and its operating voltage of CPU this moment.In addition, usually comprise fan in the system in order to CPU is dispelled the heat, when CPU is in high utilization rate state, that is it is when having high load currents, this moment is because power consumption is, CPU itself will produce high heat, this moment one temperature sensing device, for example thermistor is after detecting cpu temperature and rising, to transfer fast rotation speed of the fan to reach radiating effect by the intrinsic controlling mechanism of motherboard, otherwise,, behind the thermistor sensing, then downgrade the rotating speed of fan if cpu temperature descends.The temperature relation of the operation of the rotating speed of traditional fan and CPU (load) shown in the 1st figure, proportional relation.Yet above-mentioned control model about fan has the temperature of following shortcoming: 1.CPU to lie in just reacts after load current changes thereupon, and detect by relevant heat sensor (as thermistor) and again fan to be controlled after cpu temperature changes, to produce time delay, and make the rotating speed of fan can't cooperate load current to change in real time and react.2. this fan control is the one-part form control model, can't change at the high low temperature of load to do more efficient switching regulation and control.So if can accurately detect when at present the load current system of CPU becomes big (temperature potential that power consumption increases and it produced that promptly means CPU will raise), increase the radiating fan rotation speed of CPU more quickly by controlling mechanism, can accelerate its heat extraction effect, and then prevent that CPU from the work shakiness taking place, even situation such as damage, burn, to promote its serviceable life; In like manner, when the load current that detects present CPU diminishes, it means that the power consumption of CPU reduces and itself temperature also will descend, that is its must be inexcessive heat radiation dispose, at this moment, if can significantly downgrade the rotating speed of fan, even the demand of looking stops fan running, unnecessary energy dissipation can be saved, and the noise that fan brings can be reduced.
In view of above-mentioned, demand proposing a kind of method of utilizing the working period signal detection load current of PDM keyer urgently, it can be in real time and detects the variation of present load current apace, and it mainly is to utilize hardware mode to implement, so can avoid the unstable or problem that machine brought of delaying because of software operation.In addition, change according to detected load current, the method further can provide controlling mechanism, even with heat abstractor operation the carry out dynamic regulation relevant to frequency of operation, the operating voltage of load, and then promote the task performance of load and reduce unnecessary power consumption.
Summary of the invention
Fundamental purpose of the present invention system provides a kind of work period pulse waveform signal that utilizes PDM keyer to detect the method for load current, and it can be in real time and detects the variation situation of load current apace.
Another purpose of the present invention is that a kind of method of utilizing the work period pulse waveform signal detection load current of PDM keyer is provided, its owner will realize by hardware unit, but not the operating system of depended software mode, so can avoid operating system that problems such as the operation shakiness or the machine of delaying take place.
Another purpose of the present invention is that a kind of method of utilizing the work period pulse waveform signal detection load current of PDM keyer and promoting loaded work piece usefulness is provided, its decapacitation effectively detects outside the variation situation of load current, and can carry out dynamic regulation to frequency of operation, the operating voltage of load according to the variation situation of load current, and then the work efficiency of lifting load, and reduce power consumption.
Another purpose of the present invention is that a kind of method of utilizing the working period signal detection load current of PDM keyer and promoting loaded work piece usefulness is provided, it can be after the variation situation that detects load current, relevant heat abstractor (as a fan) to load carries out an adjusting control, make be carried on when carrying out a high-temperature operation, heighten the rotating speed of fan fast; And when low-temperature operation, downgrade the rotating speed of fan fast, and and then promote the radiating efficiency of fan, prevent that load is overheated, burn and avoid unnecessary energy dissipation.
According to above-mentioned purpose, the invention provides a kind of work period pulse waveform signal of PDM keyer that utilizes to detect the method for load current, mainly comprise: width modulation (PWM) controller is provided, this PWM controller will receive from the feedback signal of load (as CPU) and according to this feedback signal voltage stabilizing control will be carried out in load, wherein when loaded work piece voltage (or claim load voltage) when diminishing, the operational use time of the work period pulse waveform (duty cycle pulse wave) in the PWM controller will become big, and when the operating voltage of load becomes big, the operational use time of work period pulse waveform this moment will diminish, load is carried out voltage stabilizing control; Then, PWM work period sensing apparatus (duty cycle sensordevice) is set, wherein this PWM work period sensing apparatus receives the work period pulse waveform signal from the PWM controller, and its inside is provided with the sample period; Then, according to this work period pulse waveform signal, PWM work period sensing apparatus will be every this sample period, calculate the summation work ratio of time sample period therewith of the operational use time of the work period pulse waveform signal in this sample period, and according to this work ratio, PWM work period sensing apparatus will detect the variation situation of load current; And this PWM work period sensing apparatus will be heightened the rotating speed of frequency of operation, operating voltage and its radiator fan of load when this work ratio becomes big; And when this work ratio diminishes, downgrade the rotating speed of frequency of operation, operating voltage and the radiator fan of this load.Know by above-mentioned, the work period pulse waveform signal that the present invention utilizes a PWM work period sensing apparatus that adds and produced according to the existing PWM controller of system, detect with electric current load, and according to this testing result to the load control of being correlated with, its advantage is: the change in voltage of the work period energy real time reaction load of PWM controller, and then can infer in real time that the electric current that load changes; And the variation in response to load current is done appropriate regulation and control to frequency of operation, operating voltage and the heat abstractor of load, can promote the task performance of load and avoid unnecessary energy dissipation.
Above-mentioned relevant content of the present invention and following embodiment describe in detail and are all example and unrestricted.Other equivalence that does not break away from the spirit of this creation changes or modification all should be included in the claim scope of the present invention.
Description of drawings
The 1st figure is the control model synoptic diagram of the rotation speed of the fan of traditional C PU;
The synoptic diagram of the 2nd figure system one width modulation switching regulating circuit according to the present invention;
The 3rd figure system shows the voltage of load and the graph of a relation that electric current changes the work period pulse waveform signal of situation and PDM keyer according to the 2nd figure;
The 4th figure system is according to an application apparatus synoptic diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
The 5th figure system is according to the synoptic diagram of the sampling counting mode in the computation process of work ratio of the present invention;
The 6th figure system is according to the synoptic diagram of two-part frequency of operation control model of the present invention;
The 7th figure system is according to the synoptic diagram of two-part operating voltage control model of the present invention;
The 8th figure system is according to the synoptic diagram of the operating load line of CPU of the present invention;
The 9th figure system is according to the synoptic diagram of two-part rotation speed of the fan control model of the present invention;
The 10th figure system is according to the synoptic diagram of a hardware unit embodiment of the present invention; And
The 11st figure system working period signal of utilizing PDM keyer according to the present invention detects the operational flowchart of the method for load current.
[critical piece label declaration]
Regulating circuit is switched in 200 traditional width modulations
202 loads, 204 PDM keyer
206 power supply units, 208 high side metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS)s
210 downside metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS)s, 212 inductance
214 electric capacity, 216 feedback signals
218 first work period pulse waveform signals, 219 second work period pulse waveform signals
402 CPU (central processing unit), 404 PDM keyer
406 power supply units, 408 high side metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS)s
410 downside metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS)s, 412 inductance
414 electric capacity, 416 feedback signals
418 first work period pulse waveform signals, 419 second work period pulse waveform signals
422 clock generators, 424 voltage identification controllers
426 fans, 428 fan regulation and controlling devices
1002 CPU (central processing unit), 1004 PDM keyer
1006 power supply units, 1008 high side metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS)s
1010 downside metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS)s, 1012 inductance
1014 electric capacity, 1016 feedback signals
1,018 first work period pulse waveform signals, 1,019 second work period pulse waveform signals
1020 width modulation work period sensor 1022 clock generators
1024 voltage identification controllers, 1026 fans
1028 fan regulation and controlling devices, 1030 control signals
1032 control signals, 1034 control signals
1200～1208 operating process calcspars
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention will cooperate appended diagram to be described in detail as follows.This special one carry be, all illustrate all with simple form and not according to scaling, and size all by exaggerative in order to understanding the present invention.
Shown in the 2nd figure, it is width modulation switching adjusting (PWM switching regulator) circuit 200 synoptic diagram of one basic electronic circuit according to the present invention, wherein comprise: load 202 (or claims electronic package, as control chip, server and CPU etc.), PDM keyer (PWMcontroller) 204, power supply unit (power supply) 206, high side metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) (high side MOS) 208, downside metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) (low side MOS) 210 and the filtering circuit of being made up of assemblies such as inductance 212 and electric capacity 214, wherein PWM controller 204 receives a feedback signal 216 from load 202 output voltage terminal Vout.Generally speaking, the operating voltage of load 202 in electronic circuit (or claiming load voltage), usually have working range restriction, even that is must be when loading on operation for maintaining the stable magnitude of voltage of stable voltage range, load can stably operate thus.So, to switch in the regulating circuit at PWM, the function of PWM controller 204 is that voltage stabilizing control is carried out in load 202, makes it maintain the voltage stabilizing operating environment.The principle of operation system of PWM controller 204 is shown in the 3rd figure, when load current (I) becomes big (shown in the left part of interval Ta-Tb), according to the power conservation theorem, the instantaneous operating voltage of moment of load this moment (or claiming load voltage) decline that will be inversely proportional to moment (figure does not show).At this moment, for making it, the operating voltage that draws high decline is maintained at a voltage stabilizing value (being maintained at a horizontality) as Vout among the figure, PWM controller 204 is after receiving feedback signal 216, the operational use time (promptly opening the time length of (ONtime) among the figure) of the work period pulse waveform signal that is produced in the PWM controller 204 will increase along with the increase of load current, that is the work period of pulse waveform (dutycycle) will become big.At this moment, the MOS (high side MOS 208 and low sideMOS 210) that uses as switch module is after receiving the work period pulse waveform signal 218 and 219 that is sent from PWM controller 204, the time of opening of MOS will become big and elongated because of the operational use time of work period pulse waveform, load being carried out the input of more voltage, and then promote the operating voltage of load; Otherwise, when load current reduces gradually (shown in the right part of interval Ta-Tb), load voltage instantaneous will thereupon rising of moment (figure does not show), at this moment, the operational use time of work period pulse waveform will shorten in the PWM controller 204, to reduce voltage input, make it be maintained at a voltage stabilizing value to load 202.Therefore according to above-mentioned characteristic, the present invention promptly utilizes the variation of the work period (duty cycle) of detecting PWM controller 204, and then detects the current drain situation of present load end.
The present invention discloses a kind of work period pulse waveform signal of PDM keyer that utilizes to detect the method for load current, the 4th figure system application hardware synoptic diagram according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.Be that the PWM that considers a computer main frame panel switches regulating circuit (switching regulatorcircuit) among this embodiment, wherein load is CPU 402, and dispose fan 426, as its heat abstractor, and the frequency of operation of CPU 402 system is provided by 422 of clock generators (clock generator).The method of utilizing the work period pulse waveform signal detection load current of PDM keyer of the present invention, comprise: at first, provide PWM to switch regulating circuit, it comprises power supply unit 406, in order to supply CPU 402 power supplys; PWM controller 404 receives from CPU 402 load end V
OutFeedback signal 416, and by sending the first work period pulse waveform signal (duty cycle pulse wave signal), the 418 and second work period pulse waveform signal 419, and then CPU 402 is carried out voltage stabilizing control; Downside metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) (low side MOS) 410 and high side metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) (hig side MOS) 408, system is as switch changeover module usefulness, and it receives respectively from the first work period pulse waveform signal 418 of PWM controller 404 and the second work period pulse waveform signal 419; Reach the filtering circuit of forming by assemblies such as inductance 412 and electric capacity 414, in order to carrying out rectification, carry out voltage stabilizing control via 411 couples of CPU of control signal 402 at last from the output signal of high side metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) 408 and downside metal-oxide semiconductor (MOS) 410; And voltage identification (voltage identification, VID) controller 424, in order to PWM controller 404 is provided one group of pairing voltage stabilizing value of voltage code, make PWM controller 404 carry out voltage stabilizing control according to this voltage stabilizing value to CPU 402.Then, the work period pulse waveform signal of acquisition PWM controller 404, as capture first working period signal 418, and according to the variation situation of operational use time of the first work period pulse waveform signal 418, with the variation situation of the load current that detects CPU 402.Become gradually greatly when its operational use time, the load current phyletic gradualism that can detect CPU402 this moment is big, that is CPU 402 is in high utilization rate state; Otherwise diminish gradually when the operational use time of signal, the load current phyletic gradualism that can detect CPU 402 this moment is little, and promptly CPU 402 is in low utilization rate state.Then, testing result according to load current, respectively clock generator 422, VID controller 424 and fan 426 are regulated and control, use the frequency of operation and the operating voltage that dynamically change CPU 402, promptly moderately adjust the rotating speed of fan 426, and then promote the task performance of CPU 402 and reduce unnecessary power consumption.In the above-mentioned method, for example: detect period 1 work clock signal 418; According to the variation situation of operational use time frequency of operation and operating voltage with control CPU 402; And control rotation speed of the fan etc. implementation method in detail, will in beneath content description it.In addition, the everything of said method system can be by the hardware unit that adds such as IC control chip to control realization, and related description will be described it in detail in beneath content.
As aforementioned, the characteristic of PWM controller 404 is, when the operating voltage (being load voltage) of CPU 402 when diminishing (when the load current of CPU 402 becomes big), the operational use time of the work period pulse waveforms that produce in the PWM controller 404 is with elongated; And when operating voltage becomes big (when the load current of CPU 402 diminishes), the operational use time of pulse waveform will shorten; So can push away, operational use time of the work period pulse waveform of PWM controller 404 changes system and is varied to proportionate relationship with load current, and the load current that therefore can utilize the variation situation of the operational use time in each pulse waveform cycle to detect CPU 402 changes.For example, multiple referring to shown in the 3rd figure, can be with the length of operational use time in single pulse waveform cycle (as t
0) divided by the time (t in single pulse waveform cycle
p) get work ratio R, this work ratio R that is the general so-called work period (duty cycle).Then, the benchmark of one critical value C as the ratio of working therewith can be set, be set to 0.6 as critical value, so when the work ratio R greater than 0.6 the time, its operating voltage system that shows present load diminishes, that is it is big to detect the load current system change of this moment by this, and the change of load current can get via the difference number of work ratio R and critical value C significantly, for example, the amplitude of variation of load current system is directly proportional with the difference of critical value C with the work ratio R.At this moment, expression CPU 402 is in high utilization rate state must handle bulk information, so may command clock generator 422 is used the frequency of operation of heightening present CPU 402 (and peripheral device), to promote the processing speed of CPU 402; And control VID controller 424 makes it heighten the setting of voltage stabilizing level, and then make voltage stabilizing level after PWM controller 404 is heightened according to this, increase the operating voltage of CPU 402, wherein, the amplitude modulation of frequency of operation and operating voltage can be decided according to the difference amplitude of work ratio R and critical value C.In like manner, when work ratio R during less than critical value C, its operating voltage system that shows present CPU 402 becomes big, so detect to such an extent that load current is to diminish.At this moment, control clock generator 422 makes it downgrade the frequency of operation of present CPU402; And by control VID controller 424, to downgrade the operating voltage of CPU 402.
Yet, because single pulse waveform is very short cycle length, therefore if adopt the mode of aforementioned calculation work ratio R, promptly every ratio of a pulse waveform computation of Period, its will make the work ratio R every a pulse waveform cycle and critical value C more once, and cause the control signal switch speed too fast, will make clock generator 422 and VID system device 424 be easy to generate unstable operation; Moreover the frequency of operation of varying duty and operating voltage there is no too big benefit in fact apace.Therefore, in the method for detection load current of the present invention the computing method of adopting mean value, comprise, be provided with outside the critical value C, sample period T is set, as joining again shown in the 3rd figure, so the account form of work ratio R is: every a sample period T, calculate the summation of the operational use time on the work period pulse waveform signal in the sample period T and the ratio of sample period T, for example, getting in the 3rd wherein, one section sample period T is an example:
Work ratio R=operational use time summation (t
0+ t
1+ t
2)/the sample period (T)
The length of sample period T, can be along with being used in different application apparatus difference, generally speaking the length of T selects system based under the stability of system and the safe consideration, gets according to the mode of experiment and empirical data.Yet in fact the control model of electronic system is digital control, and its relevant signal Processing is also carried out in the mode of digital sampling, therefore about the calculating of work ratio R, reality of the present invention do the genealogy of law shown in the 5th figure, according to a sample of signal time t
s, the work ratio R is the interior operational use time of sample period T corresponding to t sample time
sTotal sampling counting (sampling counts) and sample period T corresponding to t sample time
sThe ratio of total sampling counting, as shown in the formula showing:
The sampling counting of total sampling counting/sample period of work ratio R=operational use time
Then, work ratio R and critical value C are judged, be different from the frequency of operation of aforementioned load and the heave amplitude system of operating voltage and do the ratio regulation and control according to the difference size of work ratio R and critical value C, in the frequency of operation of control CPU 402 of the present invention and the method for operating voltage, be to adopt the two-part control model; Promptly when detecting work ratio R system greater than critical value C, clock generator 422 is switched to high frequency control model (high frequency control mode) to produce the first frequency of operation F1 for CPU402, simultaneously, control VID controller 424 switches to high power control model (high power controlmode), makes CPU 402 be maintained at the first fixing voltage stabilizing value V1; In like manner, when detect work ratio R during less than critical value C, then clock generator 422 is switched to low frequency control model (low frequencycontrol mode) to produce the second frequency of operation F2 for CPU 402, and control VIP controller 424 switches to low-power control model (low power control mode), makes CPU 402 be maintained at the second voltage stabilizing value V2.Wherein, above-mentioned first frequency of operation F1 system is greater than the second frequency of operation F2, and the first voltage stabilizing value V1 is greater than the second voltage stabilizing value V2.About the frequency of operation of above-mentioned two-part control model and the operation chart of operating voltage be respectively shown in the 6th figure and the 7th figure.In an embodiment, the high power control model is the general voltage-operated pattern of not adopting two-part control method of the present invention in the legacy system.The 8th figure is high, the load line of CPU 402 under the low-power control model (loading line) synoptic diagram, wherein transverse axis is represented the electric current of CPU 402, the longitudinal axis is represented its voltage, if being the legacy hosts plate, the high power load linear system do not adopt the preceding CPU 402 voltage-operated patterns of the inventive method, then after adopting the present invention, if must work ratio R less than critical matter C after testing, and and then control VID controller 424 makes CPU 402 switch to the low-power control model, entire system can more not had a traditional operation of switching controls mode capabilities this moment, save down as the figure bend parallelogram energy partly.Clock generator 422 and VID controller 424 are the intrinsic device of motherboard, general clock generator has a pin for switching signal, a pin can be in order to switch two sections frequency of operation patterns (i.e. 0 and 1 operator scheme), so this also is the reason place that is designed to the two-part control model in the present embodiment.Yet, method of the present invention is not limited only to the two-part control model, it is following if computer hardware allows, if can do the improvement design of appropriateness at the hardware of clock generator 422 and VIP controller 424, also can segment the more control model of multistage, even carry out more successive control pattern in the mode of fixed proportion according to the gap amplitude according to the gap amplitude of work ratio R and critical value C.
Multiple referring to the 4th figure, still comprise fan 426 in the system in order to CPU 402 is dispelled the heat, when CPU402 is in high utilization rate state, that is it is when having high load currents, this moment is because power consumption is, CPU 402 itself will produce high heat, this moment temperature sensing device, for example the thermistor (not shown) is after detecting the rising of CPU 402 temperature, to transfer fast fan 426 rotating speeds to reach radiating effect by the intrinsic controlling mechanism of motherboard, otherwise,, behind the thermistor sensing, then downgrade the rotating speed of fan 426 if CPU 402 temperature descend.Yet the fan radiating mode of traditional C PU has as the described shortcoming of prior art, so the present invention changes to detect load current except the variation according to the work ratio R; And frequency of operation and the operating voltage of CPU 402 done outside the suitable regulation and control, also comprise testing result according to load current, fan 426 is carried out rotation speed regulating and controlling.Special one what carry is that the intrinsic equipment of general motherboard and but the independent control device of clock generator 422 and VID controller 424 etc. can be in order to control fan 426.Therefore, be peripheral hardware fan regulation and controlling device 428 (shown in the 4th figure dotted line) in the present embodiment, use the rotating speed of control fan 426, wherein fan regulation and controlling device 428 can be the IC chip.Regulate and control method to fan 426 in the present embodiment is, when detect work ratio R when being higher than critical value C, when promptly CPU 402 is in high utilization rate state, CPU 402 will produce high hot this moment; So control fan regulation and controlling device 428 makes it switch paramount rotating speed control model (high speed control mode), shown in the 9th figure; And when detecting work ratio R subcritical value C, promptly CPU 402 is in when hanging down the utilization rate state, and control fan regulation and controlling device 428 makes it switch to slow-speed of revolution control model (low speed control mode), shown in the 9th figure.Among the figure, high and low rotating speed control model is to be all linear mode control, be the temperature variation that its rotating speed system is proportional to CPU 402, that is after switching to high or low rotating speed control model, the rotating speed of fan system is controlled by the temperature of the detected CPU 402 of thermistor.Relatively the control mode of conventional fan control (shown in the 1st figure) and the 9th figure its different be in, the 9th figure control model of present embodiment is the two-part control model, and under identical CPU 402 temperature (temperature T in as figure
1), its pairing rotation speed of the fan S of high rotating speed control model
1Will be greater than the pairing rotation speed of the fan S of slow-speed of revolution control model
2Thus, when CPU 402 is in high utilization rate, promptly during the condition of high temperature, the rotating speed of fan 426 will significantly improve, and with the temperature of quick reduction CPU 402, and then promote radiating efficiency and will avoid CPU 402 to damage and burn; And be in low utilization rate as CPU, that is when being in low-temperature condition, the rotating speed of fan 426 will greatly downgrade, and saving unnecessary energy dissipation, and reduces fan noise, even reaches quiet.The variation of the present invention simultaneously by the work ratio R is as switching foundation, and it is equivalent to have predicts the effect that load temperature changes in advance, therefore can before temperature overheating, in real time fan 426 be controlled, and the cooling effect of performance maximum.In like manner according to the notion of this embodiment, in other embodiments, if there is other suitable computer hardware to cooperate, control for fan 426 also can be taked trickleer multisection type control model according to the variation of work ratio R, or can directly control rotation speed of the fan and make it to become a proportional relation (shown in the longitudinal axis of the 9th figure) with the ratio R of working, and needn't be again by temperature-sensitive electricity value or other monitoring device, to avoid monitoring circuit long shortcoming time delay.
With reference to the 10th figure, the above-mentioned working period signal of PDM keyer of utilizing of the present invention is to detect the method for load current, also comprise and the PWM work period is set feels side (duty cycle sensor) device 1020, in order to carry out above-mentioned institute just like the first work period pulse waveform signal of reception PWM controller; Sample period T and critical value C are set; The evaluation work ratio R; The size of the ratio R of relatively working and critical value C; And the control actions such as rotating speed of frequency of operation, operating voltage and fan of regulation and control load, wherein the PWM work period is felt side device 1020 and can be the IC control chip.So method of the present invention can feel side device 1020 realizing by adding the computer hardware PWM work period, and does not detect the work utilization rate of load in the utilization of legacy operating system software, with the method for detection load current.The mode of connection of feeling side device 1020 and total system about the PWM work period and its integrated operation flow process will combine the 10th figure respectively and the 11st figure describes it in beneath.
The 10th figure that takes a second test, be according to of the present invention a kind of have utilize the width modulation working period signal to detect load current and to promote the device of loaded work piece usefulness, comprise: PWM controller 1004 receives from CPU 1002 load end V
OutFeedback signal 1016, CPU 1002 is carried out voltage stabilizing control; Clock generator 1022 is in order to provide CPU 1,002 one frequency of operation; VID controller 1024 in order to PWM controller 1004 is provided the setting of voltage stabilizing value, makes PWM controller 1004 carry out voltage stabilizing control according to this voltage stabilizing value to CPU1002; Fan regulation and controlling device 1028 is in order to carry out rotation speed regulating and controlling to fan 1026; PWM work period sensing apparatus 1020, reception is from the first work period pulse waveform signal 1018 of PWM controller 1004, and respectively VID controller 1024, clock generator 1022 and fan regulation and controlling device 1028 are controlled, and then reach the purpose of operating voltage, frequency of operation and fan 1026 rotating speeds of regulation and control CPU via control signal 1030,1032 and 1034.PWM work period sensing apparatus 1020 and fan regulation and controlling device 1028 can be designed to IC chip or other circuit arrangement form of reaching respectively, wherein PWM work period sensing apparatus 1020 need possess following at least function: 1. function is set, can in PWM work period sensing apparatus 1020, be provided with sample period T, critical value C and sample time ts, 2. measuring abilities of using for evaluation work ratio R and judgement load current variation size, can calculate the work ratio R by the first received work period pulse waveform signal 1018; And work ratio R and critical value C compared.3. control function, promptly when work ratio R during greater than critical value C, PWM work period sensing apparatus 1020 can switch VID controller 1024 paramount power control modes, and switching clock generator 1022 tremendously high frequency control models, and by control signal 1034 switching fan regulation and controlling devices 1028 paramount rotating speed control models, with working ratio R during less than critical value C, switch VID controller 1024 to the low-power control model, and switch clock generator 1022 tremendously low frequency control models, and switch fan regulation and controlling device 1028 to slow-speed of revolution control model.
With reference to the 10th figure, the operational flowchart system of the method for the working period signal detection load current that utilizes PDM keyer proposed by the invention and the task performance of lifting load is shown in the 11st figure.At first, in step 1100, the working period signal that PWM work period sensing apparatus 1020 receives from PWM controller 1004.Then in the step 1102, PWM work period sensing apparatus 1020 according to the set sample period T in its inside and sample time t
s, calculating the work ratio R, the ratio R of wherein working is that operational use time of the work period pulse waveform in the sample period T is corresponding to t sample time
sTotal sampling counting and sample period T corresponding to t sample time
sThe ratio of total sampling counting.Then in the step 1104, whether PWM work period induction installation 1020 judgment task ratio R are greater than critical value C, and wherein critical value C system is arranged in the PWM work period induction installation 1020; When work ratio R during greater than critical value C, then flow process is come step 1106, otherwise flow process is come step 1108.In the step 1106, PWM work period induction installation 1020 will be by control clock generator 1022, heightening the frequency of operation of CPU 1002 (and peripheral device), that is carry out overclocking action, make it promote work disposal speed to increase the execution efficient of CPU1002; Simultaneously, PWM work period induction installation 1020 also will make the operating voltage of CPU 1002 be promoted to a high voltage stability value by control VID controller 1024; And the control model of fan 1026 switched paramount rotating speed control model, with quick raising rotation speed of the fan, promote the warm efficient of loosing.If come step 1108 item, PWM work period induction installation 1020 will be by control clock generator 1022, downgrading the frequency of operation of CPU 1002, and then the reduction power consumption; Simultaneously, PWM work period induction installation 1020 also will make the operating voltage of CPU 1002 downgrade low voltage stabilizing value by VID controller 1024, to save unnecessary power consumption; And the control model of fan 1026 switched to the low speed control model, this moment, fan 1026 can reduce rotating speed apace, to reduce fan noise and power consumption.
Take a broad view of above-mentioned, being different to have now utilizes working software that the utilization rate of CPU is detected to obtain the method for load current variation, the present invention's innovation detection technique system reaches by the hardware unit (as PWM work period sensing apparatus is provided) of electronic circuit fully, and is irrelevant with the operating system support; And, when the control circuit of PWM work period sensing apparatus removes, can't influence the existing function of script of computing machine (or system) in system; And behind the control circuit that adds PWM of the present invention work period sensing apparatus, but can reach dynamic adjustment CPU task performance, reduce fan noise and reduce the effect of unnecessary power consumption.
The embodiment system that above-mentioned exposure proposes is in order to realize different characteristic of the present invention and advantage; Also by the detailed description of forming assembly and relevant icon to help of the present invention illustrating.Certainly, the limited embodiment of this paper is not in order to limit claim scope of the present invention.The present invention has done at its preferred embodiment and has specified and description, should understand and implement for those skilled in the art, therefore other does not break away from the equivalence change of being finished under the disclosed spirit or modifies, and all should be included in the described claim scope.
Claims (48)
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| CNB2004101037226A CN100395553C (en) | 2004-12-28 | 2004-12-28 | Method for detecting load current by using duty cycle signal of pulse width modulation controller |
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| CNB2004101037226A CN100395553C (en) | 2004-12-28 | 2004-12-28 | Method for detecting load current by using duty cycle signal of pulse width modulation controller |
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| CN100385244C (en) * | 2007-03-16 | 2008-04-30 | 三一重工股份有限公司 | PWM current measuring method |
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| US5523676A (en) * | 1994-03-31 | 1996-06-04 | Delco Electronics Corp. | Sample and hold method and apparatus for sensing inductive load current |
| US20020194516A1 (en) * | 2001-06-13 | 2002-12-19 | Muratov Volodymyr A. | Apparatus for setting output power levels of integrated PWM controller |
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