CN1631139A - 大黄素杀虫杀菌水剂 - Google Patents
大黄素杀虫杀菌水剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种植物农药组合，本发明主要含有大黄0.5－1.5％、大黄酚0.05－1.0％混合其它药用植物粗提物。本发明主要用于防治药用植物害虫和杀灭细菌等，发明为植物源农药，药效高，对人畜低毒，对环境无污染。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于生物农药领域，具体的涉及大黄素大黄酚和其它药用植物粗提混配成的杀虫、杀菌水剂。
背景技术
植物病虫害每年给农作物、蔬菜和药用植物生产造成巨大的损失，常规的方法是施用化学农药，但是化学农药具有污染环境，害虫易产生抗药性，对人畜有毒和对环境污染。应用植物将源农药生产出无农药污染的绿色有机农产品，为保证人类的健康和良好的环境提供坚实的基础。
植物源农药是从植物中提取，并对病菌和害虫有防冶作用，对人畜低毒、无残留，还可以延缓害虫抗药性的产生，因此是理想的农药类型。近年来我国也开发了一些产品。大黄和我们采用药用植物用于农作物除虫，对农作物有杀虫、杀菌上效果尚未见报导，因此我们研制的植物源杀虫、杀菌剂是新型植物源杀虫、杀菌剂。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种高效低毒、无环境污染，对人畜低毒，又能杀虫杀菌的大黄素和其它药用植物提取物复配的植物农药。
大黄为主成分的杀虫杀菌水剂。
上述水剂主要含有0.5-1.5％大黄素。
上述水剂主要含0.5-1.5大黄素加上助剂补正100％。
大黄垢分子结构式为：
上述水剂所述的助剂由几种药用植物醇提取液以及乳化剂组成，其体积百分比为：每种醇提药用植物提取液10-50％(1ml相当于0.76克生药)和乳化剂10％。
上述水剂所述的助剂中的乳化剂可用吐温JFC、OP-10及本领域技术人员所共知乳化剂一种或两种配成。大黄等药用植物制备方法基本相似，都可以用乙醇提取方法得到提取液。大黄等药用植物溶液的制备方法，包括原料处理用粉碎机粉成粒状，然后将原料粉粒50％乙醇混合浸泡，三效罐回流提取而得大黄溶液。
本发明的有益效果和优点：
本发明利用大黄和大黄酚等药用植物主要成分是从药用植物中提取的天然物，大黄等药用植物具有杀虫杀菌作用，因此本发明对农作物的害虫和病菌有较强的杀灭作用。杀虫杀菌较广谱，而且无抗药性，不含任何有害学农药成分，对人畜低毒、无残留，不污染环境。
具体实施方式
本发明生产方法为：草药原料大黄切片，晾干粉碎→提取(醇提)各种中草药→过滤→浓缩→配制(按药液成分含量比例投入)→搅拌均匀→过滤→贮罐分装→入库。
本发明的生产工艺流程：
田间秋季采挖→晒成凉干→切片→粉碎→乙醇浸液→浸提液→减压→浓缩→浓缩液→不同分组复配→灌装→成品→分装→入库。
本发明配制方法：将大黄提取液A和按照如下体积比将B药用植物提取液10％(1ml相当于0.76克生药)C提取液(毫升相当于2克生药)乳化剂混合物均匀10％乳化剂，然后将ABC乳化剂混合均匀，即得本发明大黄等几种药用植物杀虫杀菌水剂。
本试验在中国医学科学院药用植物研究所进行。
表1大黄乙醇提取物100倍液杀萝卜蚜浸叶法
药剂 活虫数 活虫数 死亡率％
大黄 41 39 48
对照 89 0 0
表2本水剂浸叶法杀萝卜蚜成、若蚜室内毒力测定试验
倍数 平均死亡率 对数值 机率值
50 97.46 4.3010 6.9600
100 36.92 4 4.6655
200 10.88 3.699 3.7681
400 10.81 3.3979 3.7628
800 0 3.0969
1600 0 2.7959
对照 0
回归曲线y＝-8.6234x+3.4842r＝0.8978
因r＞0.8978(α＝0.05)，即可信度达95％。
表3本水剂浸虫法杀粘虫室内毒力测定试验
倍数 平均死亡率 对数值 机率值
50 80 4.3010 5.8416
100 53.33 4 5.0828
200 13.33 3.699 3.8877
400 3.33 3.3979 3.1616
800 3.33 3.0969 3.1616
1600 0 2.7959
对照 0
回归曲线y＝-4.7198x+2.4188r＝0.9623
因r＞0.874(α＝0.01)，即可信度达99％。
Claims (6)
1.一种大黄素杀虫杀菌水剂，其特征在于，含有大黄素等。
2.根据权利要求1所述的大黄素杀虫杀菌水剂，其特征是，含有大黄素0.5-1.5％，大黄酚0.05-0.10％。
3.根据权利要求1所述的大黄素杀虫杀菌水剂，其特征是，大黄0.5-1.5％，大黄酚0.05-0.10％及其它植物粗提物和助剂100％组成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的大黄素杀虫杀菌水剂，其特征是，水剂为药用植物紫苏为醇提液10％(体积百分比上同)(1毫升相当于0.760克)蓖麻醇提取物(体积百分比相当于0.760克生药)乳化剂10％。
5.根据权利要求1所述的大黄素杀虫杀菌水剂，其特征是，10％乳化剂组成。
6.根据权利要求1所述的大黄素杀虫杀菌水剂，其特征是，所述的乳化剂是吐温80JFC等之间的一种或两种组合。
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| CN 200410101400 CN1631139A (zh) | 2004-12-21 | 2004-12-21 | 大黄素杀虫杀菌水剂 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102349511A (zh) * | 2011-08-12 | 2012-02-15 | 温文 | 一种新型灭藻剂 |
| CN105028504A (zh) * | 2009-07-30 | 2015-11-11 | 马罗内生物创新公司 | 植物病原体抑制剂组合和使用方法 |
| CN107467091A (zh) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-12-15 | 王传泽 | 一种防治多肉植物腐烂病的中药制剂及其制备方法 |
-
2004
- 2004-12-21 CN CN 200410101400 patent/CN1631139A/zh active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105028504A (zh) * | 2009-07-30 | 2015-11-11 | 马罗内生物创新公司 | 植物病原体抑制剂组合和使用方法 |
| CN102349511A (zh) * | 2011-08-12 | 2012-02-15 | 温文 | 一种新型灭藻剂 |
| CN102349511B (zh) * | 2011-08-12 | 2014-12-10 | 温文 | 一种杀藻剂 |
| CN107467091A (zh) * | 2017-08-28 | 2017-12-15 | 王传泽 | 一种防治多肉植物腐烂病的中药制剂及其制备方法 |
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