CN1615258A - Self locking, self adjusting receptacles, particularly containers - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to containers and in particular containers. A disadvantage of conventional containers (containers) is that up to now the interlocking of stacked containers had to be carried out manually and there was therefore a great risk of injury for workers in ports and on board ships. It also depends on the skill of the crane driver to accurately align and stack the containers (C1, C2, C3, C4) on top of each other. For this, there are no adjustment devices. The object of the present invention is to provide a container (container) equipped so that it can be horizontally interlocked with other containers of the same kind without manual operation and at the same time can precisely position the container at a predetermined position. This object is achieved according to the invention in that the container has on its outside, for example, U-shaped guide strip-type devices, which are embedded in the same device of the adjacent container, precisely positioning the container and each container (C1, C2, C3, C4) are horizontally interlocked with each other.

Description

Self-locking, self-adjusting containers, especially shipping containers

technical field

The invention relates to self-locking, self-adjusting containers and in particular containers, which again apply in the same way to all containers of the same size and shape, the outer walls of which are provided with hollow bodies for accommodating locking devices. The present invention will be described in more detail below for an example of a container.

Background technique

At present, standardized containers are mainly used in the world to realize the transportation of goods. The container is stored at the loading place, loaded there, loaded onto a vehicle (road vehicle or rail vehicle), sent if necessary to a port or airport, loaded there onto a ship or an aircraft, and then safely The transport is interlocked and tied (lapped) with other containers, reloaded on a vehicle at the point of arrival, delivered to a designated point and unloaded there.

Transport production technology requires such containers to be loaded and unloaded quickly and safely, and the technology used in this regard must be able to adapt, transport or interlock containers of different sizes. In its upper and lower corner regions, the container each has a hollow body with an oval opening on its outward side. Laying devices (container spreaders) or locking devices spanning the heald frames can be inserted into these oval openings, wherein these locking devices have ends that are smaller in size than the oval openings in the hollow body (twist locking). Once the twist interlock is inserted into the hollow body, it is mechanically twisted so that the container can be interlocked with the container spreader or straddle heald frames and can be transported. During lifting, the upper side of the torsionally locked bearing rests on the lower side of the hollow body top wall.

This is particularly problematic when a plurality of containers stacked one on top of the other and/or side by side have to be interlocked, as is required in particular for ship loading, for example. In this case, the interlocking is performed manually, that is, the containers stacked one on top of the other and/or arranged side by side are interlocked with each other by connecting and interlocking elements. This is time-consuming and dangerous when installing the connecting and locking elements due to the risk of injury. This is for example known by DE 100 42 458 and DE 101 04 067, by an automatic interlocking system the containers (containers) stacked on top of each other are interlocked, wherein a plurality of such interlocking containers (containers) can also be used as a whole block shipping.

The problem of vertical interlocking is thus satisfactorily solved.

Contents of the invention

It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a container which is equipped in such a way that it can be interlocked horizontally with other containers of the same type without manual manipulation and at the same time assumes a defined position relative to each adjacent container of the same type.

This object is achieved with the features of claim 1 . As a result, juxtaposed and consecutively arranged containers can be mechanically interlocked without manual operation. By means of the arrangement according to claims 4 and 5, the adjustment of the container to be parked relative to the container already parked is carried out at the same time, so that the container to be parked is positively positioned relative to the respective adjacent container.

The solution to this object according to claim 1 consists in providing, on the outside of the container, devices of the form of guide slats, for example, which engage in corresponding guide slats of adjacent containers and thus lower the container from top to bottom, achieving a corresponding The locking of the guide strips simultaneously results in a horizontal locking.

The main advantage of the invention is that the hitherto common manual locking or strapping connections are eliminated and thus the risk of injury to workers working in ports or on board is minimized. And this saves personnel, time and thus costs to a large extent.

The means, that is to say for example the guide strips, can be U-shaped, hook-shaped or arc-shaped. Any shape is conceivable as long as it enables the interlocking of the devices of each adjoining container.

When the device, ie, for example, the upper and/or lower ends of the guide rails are beveled downwards from the outside to the inside, the guide rails of the respective container have a gap relative to each other, so that they can be automatically adjusted relative to each other. Therefore for the crane driver, shunting will be simple, because he no longer has to cross a certain distance from the driver's cab to carry out the precise positioning of each container relative to each other, but the device on the outside of the container helps him to carry out auxiliary adjustment.

Description of drawings

The invention will be illustrated below with the aid of several examples, the objects of the invention being in no way limited to these examples. in:

Figure 1 is a top view of a plurality of horizontal interlocking containers;

The perspective view of the interlocking device on the outside of Figure 2;

The interlock on the outside of Figure 3 includes chamfered corners along the viewing direction A;

Figure 4 The interlocking device on the outside of two containers during interlocking, including chamfered corners.

Detailed ways

Figure 1 partially shows a plurality of containers C1, C2, C3 and C4 arranged in succession and side by side, comprising a container corner 2 with interlocking housings 21 at the upper and lower ends of the corner, so-called corner castings, which It has an oval opening 211 . Each container is mutually interlocked by the interlocking device (24) outside. The outer locking devices ( 24 ) are, for example, U-shaped and open on the inside, so that the outer locking devices ( 24 ) of an adjoining container can pass completely through them. The loading and unloading process and the parking process are always carried out from the top down, so that when a container is parked in its place, the next container is positioned next to the first container from above. During this process, the outer locking device of the second container can engage in the outer locking device of the first container, so that not only the locking takes place, but also the second container can be guided and thus held exactly in its position. If multiple containers are to be shipped relative to each other and they should be next to multiple stacked containers, insert the interlock on the outside of the lowest container in transit and through the outside of the topmost stacked container interlocking device so that in this case it can be inserted into the interlocking device on the outside of the next stacked container etc. This simultaneously enables a space-saving and precise arrangement of the containers.

The outer interlocks may be provided on side portions of the container. It is advantageous to fix it on the corner of the container, as shown in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 2 shows a perspective view of an outer locking device ( 24 ) fixed to or integrally attached to a container corner 2 . The interlock (24) is positioned on the container corner 2 so that it does not obstruct the passage to the oval opening of the corner casting. The same applies to the corner castings at the lower ends of the container corners which are not shown in FIG. 2 .

In FIG. 3 , the outer locking device 24 is shown in the viewing direction A shown in FIG. 2 , with the corners chamfered from the outside to the inside. The outer interlock comprises a long side 241 , a transverse side 242 and a short side 243 . All three sides are beveled descending from the outside to the inside in the region of their upper end. The short sides 243 may additionally be chamfered in the region of part of their surface 243' to facilitate insertion into the outer interlocking device 24'' of another container.

Finally, FIG. 4 shows the outer locking device 24 in perspective according to FIG. 3 , wherein the outer locking device 24 ″ of another container can be inserted. Only the outer walls of the transverse sides 242 ″ are visible from this perspective. The shaded sides 241" and 243" are therefore shown in dashed lines. It can be seen that the short side 243 " has both an inclination a falling from the outside to the inside in the region of its lower end and a slope b falling from the inside to the outside. This makes the short side 243 " easy to slide into the outside The inner cavity of the interlock 24 is defined by the inner faces of the sides 241 , 242 and 243 . It can be seen that the width of the short side 243 ″ is smaller than the width of the inner wall of the lateral side 242 . The short side 243 ″ therefore has clearance when sliding into the outer interlock 24 . Since the upper regions of the sides 241, 242 and 243 are chamfered descending from the outside to the inside and the lower ends of the short sides 243" are also chamfered, even in careless handling work in order to slide into the outer locking device 24 There is sufficient room for movement of the outer interlock 24".

Since the outer locking device consists of hardened steel, for example V2A steel, there is no need to worry about it being damaged during transport of the container or during subsidence or shunting. This is especially true when it is constructed in one piece with the corners of the container.

Claims (5)

1. container is provided with the hollow body that is used to hold interlock system on its outer wall, and described interlock system is used for interlocking with container of the same race; It is characterized in that container has device on its each outside, these devices are embedded in the device of the same race of container of adjacency, and this container is located and each container of on even keel reciprocal interlocking definitely with respect to the container of adjacency or the container of a plurality of adjacency.

2. according to the described container of claim 1, it is characterized in that described device is arranged in the angular zone of container.

3. according to claim 1 or 2 described containers, it is characterized in that the guide plate bar that adopts U-shaped, hook-type or circular arc is as described device.

4. according to one of claim 1 to 3 described container, it is characterized in that described device has the top of cutting sth. askew from outside to inside with descending.

5. according to one of claim 1 to 4 described container, it is characterized in that at least one zone of described device has the bottom, cuts sth. askew with descending from outside to inside and/or from inside to outside cuts sth. askew with descending in this bottom.

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