CN1692986B - Casing cover and apparatus for shredding various materials - Google Patents

Abstract

In order to improve the exhaust on the housing cover of the shredding device or on the housing of the shredding device, the invention creates a housing cover for shredding various objects shredding device, the housing cover has an exhaust with exhaust guides , through which exhaust air is discharged from the crushing device, the exhaust device has an exhaust guide deviated from the straight exhaust guide, said exhaust device is constructed in such a way that the dust formed during crushing The particles are discharged from the pulverizer via the exhaust, so that the product conveyed by the pulverizer is thrown against the inner wall of the exhaust and falls back into the region of the hammer mill.

Description

Housing covers and devices for crushing various materials

technical field

The invention relates to a housing cover for a device for crushing various materials. The housing cover has an exhaust device with an exhaust guide, through which gas is discharged from the crushing device. The invention also relates to a device for comminuting various materials.

Background technique

It is known in the prior art for the housing cover of a shredder to have an exhaust with an exhaust guide. Dust generated when crushing building materials or materials is discharged from the pulverizer with an exhaust guide, in particular by means of a fan. Shredders without a separate housing cover with such an air vent are also known, and it is also known to provide an air vent on the respective housing of the shredder itself.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to further develop an exhaust system of this type, regardless of whether it is provided in the housing cover or directly on the shredder housing.

The task of the present invention is accomplished by a housing cover of a pulverizing device for pulverizing various materials. An exhaust device with an exhaust guide is arranged on the housing cover, through which air is drawn from the pulverizing device Exhaust air is discharged with an exhaust air guide that is offset from a straight exhaust air guide, the exhaust air device being designed in such a way that the dust particles formed during comminution are discharged from the pulverizer through the exhaust air device so that The product conveyed by the pulverizer is thrown against the inner wall of the exhaust system and falls back into the region of the hammer pulverizer.

In the sense of the present invention, the term "straight exhaust air guide" refers to an exhaust air guide section which neither bends nor guides the exhaust air in a curved or curved manner. If the "straight" exhaust is oriented such that when its main guiding direction is not vertically arranged, it is possible for objects to fall through the "straight" exhaust without contacting the side walls of the straight exhaust guide , which here means "straight" exhaust guide. Such a free fall is not possible in the sense of the invention in existing "curved" shaped exhausts.

The advantage of the aforementioned "curved" exhaust guides deviating from straight exhaust guides is that the risk of uncontrolled discharge of non-floating material through the exhaust device from the crushing device into the environment outside the crushing device is greatly reduced. reduced. The aforementioned "curved" exhaust air guides make it impossible in the sense of the invention to convey comminuted material or other formations out of the device.

The concept of "non-floating material" is mainly understood as a coarse product that needs a large kinetic energy to move in the air, but cannot float in the air for a long time. The difference between "non-floating materials" and small products such as dust particles is that because the dust particles are lighter in weight, they float in the air for a longer time before settling to the ground.

"Curved" exhaust guides are particularly advantageous when the exhaust is connected to the suction to avoid the risk of non-floating material being sucked into the suction and damaging the suction. In addition, the operating safety of the comminuting device is increased with the "curved" exhaust guide, because the danger that the heavier part of the dust coming out of the exhaust of the comminuting device is accelerated by the power moving parts is greatly reduced.

Because of this relationship, the exhaust device preferably has an exhaust guide for steering. The exhaust guide is not straight but consists of turning elements, so that larger products will not reach the external environment of the crushing device undesirably through the exhaust device.

A particularly simple embodiment provides that the deflection elements have bends and/or curvatures. By virtue of its bends or cambers, the exhaust guides of the exhaust device are deflected so that heavier formations, ie non-floating material, do not exit the comminution device as usual without hindrance. More precisely, the formations reaching the exhaust guide hit the side walls of the exhaust guide, lose their kinetic energy, and finally fall back into the working area of the comminuting device.

In order to prevent non-floating material from escaping from the exhaust device, it is also advantageous for the deflector to have a guide plate. The deflector prevents unimpeded accelerated heavier formations from passing through the exhaust. The exhaust guide in the exhaust device is implemented as a guide plate, which preferably has at least one bending channel in the area of the exhaust device.

A further preferred embodiment provides that the exhaust air guide has an exhaust duct which is divided into a first duct section and a second duct section, the first duct section being at an angle relative to the second duct section. The use of the pipe sections arranged at an angle to one another reduces the risk of non-floating material coming out of the inside of the comminuting device undesirably, which would otherwise cause serious damage to the outside of the comminuting device.

In order to be able to discharge large volumes of air from the comminution device, a suction device is preferably provided on the discharge guide.

The bent or curved and barbed exhaust air guides can also discharge the dust-laden exhaust air from the comminuting device without problems, while larger products are advantageously recovered by the above-mentioned deflectors. Moreover, large products are prevented from being discharged from the not-shown outlet of the comminuting device.

Furthermore, the object of the invention is achieved by a device for comminuting various materials, the housing cover of which has at least one of the above-mentioned features. The best way is to retrofit the modified housing cover on existing shredders without any problems. This avoids high investment costs, since retrofitting to existing shredder structures is very easy.

Likewise, the object of the present invention is achieved by means of a device for crushing various materials, which has a housing with an exhaust device with an exhaust guide, by means of which exhaust gases are discharged from the crushing device, exhaust Air fittings have exhaust guides that deviate from straight exhaust guides. In particular, it is advantageous that the housing of the comminuting device itself has the venting device according to the invention and no separate housing cover is required.

It goes without saying that an exhaust device mounted directly on the housing can also be advantageously modified by the additional features already described with reference to the housing cover.

Description of drawings

Advantages of the present invention, purpose and performance are described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the shell of pulverizer and the embodiment illustration of shell cover are as follows, wherein,

Figure 1 is a simplified cross-sectional view of a shredder with housing, with multiple bent exhausts,

Figures 2 and 3 are simplified views of the first housing cover with a bent vent in its lower area,

Figures 4 and 5 are simplified views of another housing cover with a bent vent in its upper area,

Figures 6 and 7 are simplified views of a third housing cover with a bent vent in its central region.

Detailed ways

Pulverizer 1 shown in Fig. 1 is to be used for pulverizing old automobile body, and a hammer pulverizer 3 is arranged in shell 2, pulverizes old automobile body with it. The material to be crushed enters the housing 2 through the feed port 4 in the direction of the arrow 5 and reaches the hammer mill 3 arranged there. The final product (not shown in the figure) produced by the shredder 1 is delivered from the side of the shredder 1 .

The dust particles 6 produced during the crushing are sucked away from the pulverizer 1 through the exhaust device 7, which greatly avoids unwanted harmful dust around the pulverizer 1. The exhaust device 7 provides a curved exhaust guide 7A for suctioning the dust particles 6 . The dust particles 6 are sucked out of the region of the hammer mill 3 by means of the suction air flow in the main flow direction 8 . Due to the configuration of the exhaust system 7 selected here with curved exhaust guides 7A, the main exhaust gas flow direction 8 is diverted into a first secondary exhaust gas flow direction 9 and then into another secondary exhaust gas flow direction. 10. The exhaust device 7 therefore has a first point of inflection 11 and a second point of inflection 12 . The exhaust device 7 is then divided into a first duct section 13 , a second duct section 14 and a third duct section 15 . The first line section 13 forms an angle 16 relative to the second line section 14 in the region of the first inflection point 11 . The second line section 14 and the third line section 15 form an angle 17 in the region of the second point of inflection 12 .

Through the exhaust device 7 deviated from the straight exhaust guide (not shown), the coarse product 18 can be prevented from passing through the exhaust device 7 after being accelerated by the pulverizer 1, and the coarse product 18 can be prevented from passing through the exhaust device 7. 18 undesirably reaches the environment outside the shredder 1 . The coarse product 18 collides with the inner wall 19 of the second pipe section 14 , loses at least part of its kinetic energy and falls back into the area of the hammer mill 3 .

The housing cover 100 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 has, above its exhaust outlet 130 , an exhaust device 107 bent at the bottom. In this embodiment, the exhaust device 107 has only one inflection point 111 , which divides the exhaust device 107 into a first duct section 113 and a second duct section 114 . The inflection point 111 is located in the lower third of the exhaust device 107 , which makes the first duct section 113 much shorter than the second duct section 114 . This facilitates the unimpeded return of the coarse products over a short path within the exhaust device 107 .

The housing cover 200 shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is provided with an exhaust device 207 above its exhaust outlet 230 and has an inflection point 211 at its upper third. The exhaust device 207 has a first line section 213 and a second line section 214 . This facilitates a relatively long distance in the first conduit section 213 for the coarse growth to rise, thus facilitating loss of kinetic energy and subsequent fall back before the coarse growth collides with the inner wall 219 of the second conduit section 214 .

The housing cover 300 shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 has an exhaust device 307 arranged above the exhaust outlet 330 , the exhaust device 307 being divided by an inflection point 311 into a first duct section 313 and a second duct section 314 . The two pipe sections 313 and 314 are substantially of the same length, since the point of inflection 311 is arranged in the middle of the exhaust device 307 .

Claims (7)

1. the casing cover that is used for the reducing mechanism of shredding various materials; This casing cover has the exhaust apparatus that has the exhaust guide; By this exhaust guide combustion gas from this reducing mechanism; This exhaust apparatus has the exhaust guide that an exhaust guide with straight formation departs from; It is characterized in that said exhaust apparatus (7) so constitutes, the dust granules that promptly when pulverizing, forms is discharged from pulverizer through the opening that exhaust apparatus is passed in the casing cover; The formation thing (18) that make to arrive the exhaust guide is run into the sidewall of exhaust guide and is fallen back in the zone of hammer grinder (3), and this exhaust apparatus (7) is provided with and is used to tumbler that exhaust guide (7A) is turned to.

2. casing cover as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, said tumbler has kink (11,12) and/or lonely degree.

3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 casing cover is characterized in that this tumbler has guide plate.

4. according to claim 1 or claim 2 casing cover; It is characterized in that; Said exhaust guide (7A) has discharge duct, and this discharge duct is divided into first duct section (13) and second duct section (14), and this first duct section (13) is this second duct section (14) (16) at an angle relatively.

5. according to claim 1 or claim 2 casing cover is characterized in that, on this exhaust apparatus (7A), is provided with aspirator.

6. be used for the reducing mechanism of shredding various materials, it is characterized in that, this reducing mechanism has one like the described casing cover of one of claim 1 to 5.

7. the reducing mechanism that is used for shredding various materials; Wherein this reducing mechanism has shell; Said shell has the exhaust apparatus of band exhaust guide; Through this exhaust guide waste gas is discharged this reducing mechanism, this exhaust apparatus has an exhaust guide that departs from straight exhaust guide, it is characterized in that; Said exhaust apparatus so constitutes; The dust granules that promptly when pulverizing, forms is discharged from pulverizer through the opening that exhaust apparatus (7) is passed in the casing cover, makes the formation thing (18) of arrival exhaust guide run into the sidewall of exhaust guide and fall back in the zone of hammer grinder (3), and this exhaust apparatus (7) is provided with and is used to tumbler that exhaust guide (7A) is turned to.

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