CN1573045B - 带涡轮增压器的发动机 - Google Patents
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
- F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
- F02D41/005—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] according to engine operating conditions
- F02D41/0055—Special engine operating conditions, e.g. for regeneration of exhaust gas treatment apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/04—Engines with exhaust drive and other drive of pumps, e.g. with exhaust-driven pump and mechanically-driven second pump
- F02B37/10—Engines with exhaust drive and other drive of pumps, e.g. with exhaust-driven pump and mechanically-driven second pump at least one pump being alternatively or simultaneously driven by exhaust and other drive, e.g. by pressurised fluid from a reservoir or an engine-driven pump
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
- F02B37/16—Control of the pumps by bypassing charging air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
- F02D41/0005—Controlling intake air during deceleration
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
- F02D41/0007—Controlling intake air for control of turbo-charged or super-charged engines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
- F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
- F02M26/04—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines with a single turbocharger
- F02M26/05—High pressure loops, i.e. wherein recirculated exhaust gas is taken out from the exhaust system upstream of the turbine and reintroduced into the intake system downstream of the compressor
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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Abstract
本发明提供一种能防止车辆减速时引起的压缩机喘振的带涡轮增压器的发动机。该带涡轮增压器的发动机,设有EGR装置(26),该EGR装置包括:EGR通路(19),将进气通路(15)和排气通路(16)之间连通;EGR阀(20),设置在上述EGR通路(19)中;还包括:减速判定机构,判定车辆的减速;以及进气开放机构,当该减速判定机构判定为车辆正在减速时,打开上述EGR阀(20),使上述进气通路(15)内的一部分进气经过上述EGR通路(19)流向上述排气通路(16)。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及设有EGR装置的带涡轮增压器的发动机,该EGR装置具有将进气通路和排气通路之间连通的EGR通路、以及设置在该EGR通路上的EGR阀。
背景技术
作为降低NOx(氮氧化物)排出量的装置,一般已知有EGR装置(废气再循环装置)。该EGR装置具备使进气通路和排气通路之间连通的EGR通路、以及设置在该EGR通路上的EGR阀。
EGR装置是如下装置,即、将EGR阀打开后,使排气通路内的一部分废气经EGR通路,流向进气通路,使其与进气混合并导引到燃烧室,由此使进气中的氧气浓度降低,使燃烧温度下降,从而使NOx的排出量减少。
这种EGR装置也用于带涡轮增压器的发动机(譬如参照专利文献1)。
专利文献1:
日本专利特开2001-165000号公报
在上述EGR装置中,通常在车辆减速时,由于油门关闭、不进行燃料喷射,所以EGR阀全部关闭。
但是,在带涡轮增压器的发动机中,当车辆减速时,进气通路内有残留的增压,有时进气压力超过涡轮增压器的压缩机的喘振线。当超过喘振线时,压缩机会发生喘振,有因振动或发热而破损的问题。
因此,为了解决上述现有技术存在的问题而作出了本发明,其目的是提供一种能防止车辆减速时引起的压缩机喘振的带涡轮增压器的发动机。
发明内容
为了达到上述目的而作出的本发明带涡轮增压器的发动机,设有EGR装置,该EGR装置包括:EGR通路,将进气通路和排气通路之间连通;以及EGR阀,设置在上述EGR通路中;还包括:减速判定机构,判定车辆的减速;以及进气开放机构,在该减速判定机构判定为车辆正在减速时,打开上述EGR阀,使上述进气通路内的一部分进气经过上述EGR通路流向上述排气通路;此外,上述EGR通路的排气通路侧连接口位于比涡轮靠近上游侧的位置。
根据技术方案2的本发明的带涡轮增压器的发动机,包括:发动机转速检测机构,检测发动机转速;以及油门开度检测机构,检测油门开度;当由上述发动机转速检测机构检测的发动机转速为规定值以下、且由上述油门开度检测机构检测的油门开度为零时,上述减速判定机构判定为车辆正在减速。
根据技术方案3的本发明中,上述进气开放机构,在打开上述EGR阀之后经过规定时间,关闭上述EGR阀。
附图说明
图1是表示本发明最佳实施例的带涡轮增压器的柴油发动机的概略图。
图2是压缩机的进气流量-压力比的曲线图。
图3是由ECU进行的本实施例控制方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
下面,参照着附图来详细说明本发明的最佳实施方式。
图1表示本实施例的带涡轮增压器的柴油发动机。带涡轮增压器的柴油发动机10包括:发动机本体11、涡轮增压器12、进气通路15、排气通路16和EGR装置26。
发动机本体11上设置燃烧室25。而且,发动机本体11还包括:燃料喷射阀18,用于将燃料喷射到燃烧室25中;发动机转速传感器22,作为检测发动机转速的发动机转速检测机构。涡轮增压器12设有涡轮13和压缩机14,这些涡轮13和压缩机14是用旋转轴相互连接着。
进气通路15的上游侧与压缩机14、下游侧与燃烧室25分别连接。进气通路15还设有中间冷却器17,用于在压缩机14和燃烧室25之间将进气冷却。排气通路16的上游侧与燃烧室25、下游侧与涡轮13分别连接。
EGR装置26设有:EGR通路19,将进气通路15和排气通路16之间连通;EGR阀20,能自由地开关EGR通路;EGR冷却器21,用于冷却废气。EGR通路19,其一端连结在进气通路15的、比中间冷却器17还靠近下游侧的位置,另一端连结在排气通路16的、比涡轮13还靠近上游侧的位置。
另外,带涡轮增压器的柴油发动机10包括ECU(发动机控制装置)24和作为检测油门开度的油门开度检测机构的油门开度传感器23。
ECU24与发动机转速传感器22和油门开度传感器23相连接,发送从这些传感器输出的信号。ECU24还与燃料喷射阀门18和EGR阀20相连接,对这些阀门进行驱动控制。
进气经压缩机14加压后,通过进气通路15到达中间冷却器17。进气在中间冷却器17中被冷却之后,通过下游侧的进气通路15到达燃烧室25。在燃烧室25中,进气和由燃料喷射阀18喷射的燃料混合之后燃烧后,作为废气排出。
废气通过排气通路16到达涡轮13。废气驱动涡轮13之后,通过图中没有表示的后处理装置等被排出。
排气通路16内的一部分废气流向EGR通路19,到达EGR冷却器21。废气在EGR冷却器21中被冷却之后,回流到进气通路15。这时的废气流向由实线表示。在进气通路15中,废气和进气混合之后,流向燃烧室25。
ECU24根据发动机本体11的运转状态(发动机的转速、油门的开度等),对EGR阀20的进行开关控制,调节EGR比例。
本发明在如上所述的带涡轮增压器的柴油发动机10中,能防止车辆减速时发生的压缩机14的喘振。具体地说,包括:下述的减速判定机构,用于判定车辆的减速;以及进气开放机构,当减速判定机构判定为车辆正在减速时,将EGR阀20打开,使进气通路15内的一部分进气经过EGR通路19流向排气通路16,由此使进气通路15内的进气压力降低。
本实施例的减速判定机构由ECU24、发动机转速传感器22和油门开度传感器23构成,当发动机转速在规定的范围内、且油门开度是零时,判定为车辆正在减速。
当由ECU24构成的减速判定机构判定为车辆正在减速时,进气开放机构将EGR阀20全部打开。
下面,用图3的流程图,说明由本实施例的ECU24进行的控制方法。
首先,在步骤1,ECU24判定发动机的转速是否在500rpm以上、且在2000rpm以下。当发动机的转速是500rpm以下时,发动机进行怠速运转,车辆被看作处于停止,因而不判定为车辆正在减速。
接着,在步骤2,ECU24判定EGR阀是否全部关闭之后,在步骤3,判定油门开度是否为零。
在步骤1~3的各个步骤中,当满足各步骤的条件时,ECU24就分别进入到下一个步骤,但是,当各步骤的条件不满足时,则返回到步骤1,重复进行判定。
另一方面,在全部满足步骤1~3的条件时,在步骤4,ECU24将EGR阀20全部打开。即、当发动机转速在规定范围(500rpm以上且2000rpm以下)、且油门开度是零时,ECU24判定车辆正在减速中。
然后,ECU24在步骤5对油门开度不是零---①、发动机转速是500rpm以下---②、发动机转速是2000rpm以上---③、将EGR阀打开3秒钟以上---④等①~④的条件进行判定,当满足其中至少一个条件时,进入到步骤6,根据发动机的运转状态进行EGR阀20的通常控制。
下面,对车辆减速时的进气和废气的流向进行说明。
图1中,当判定为车辆正在减速、且ECU24将EGR阀20全部打开时,与通常控制时相反,进气通路15内的一部分进气经过EGR通路19流向排气通路16。这时的进气流向由虚线的箭头表示。进气在排气通路16中与废气混合,被排出。由此使进气通路15内的进气压力降低。
下面,说明车辆处于减速时打开EGR阀20所产生的效果。
图2表示压缩机14内的进气流量和出入口的压力比(P2/P1)的关系。P1是压缩机14的人口侧的进气压力,P2是压缩机14的出口侧的进气压力。图中的点划线是喘振线,在该喘振线的左侧会发生喘振。
图中的虚线表示将EGR阀20全部关闭的以前的车辆在减速时的推移。这时,由于在进气通路15内有残留的增压,因而使进气压力(压缩机14的出口侧的进气压力P2)增高,使进气流量越过喘振线而减少。而且,进气流量有时增加,是因为打开发动机本体11的进气阀门、使进气通路15内的进气压力降低的缘故。
图中的实线表示将EGR阀20全部打开的本实施例的车辆在减速时的推移。当如上所述地车辆正在减速时,进气通路15内的一部分进气经过EGR通路19流到排气通路16,所以,使进气通路15内的进气压力(压缩机14的出口侧的进气压力P2)降低。因此,与以前的相比,进气流量增加,不会越过喘振线,不发生喘振。
这样,如果采用本实施例的带涡轮增压器的柴油发动机10,当车辆正在减速时,通过降低进气通路15内的进气压力,能防止压缩机14的喘振。
此外,在EGR通路19中通常流过废气,所以会附着烟尘等。在本实施例中,通过使进气流过EGR通路19,将EGR通路19内的烟尘等向排气通路16排出,产生扫除的效果。
由于将EGR装置26作为开放进气通路15内的进气压力的机构,因此,不需要另外设置进气开放用的通路或阀门,能形成简单且低成本的结构。
本发明并不局限于上述实施例,能作出各种各样的变形例。
例如在上述实施例中,减速判定机构也可以根据发动机转速变化来判定车辆的减速。
另外,在图1的带涡轮增压器的柴油发动机10中,减速判定机构也可设置检测车辆车速的车速传感器,根据车速的变化来判定车辆的减速。
发明效果
根据如上所述的本发明,能防止车辆减速时引起的涡轮增压器的喘振。
Claims (2)
1.一种带涡轮增压器的发动机,设有EGR装置,该EGR装置包括:EGR通路,将进气通路和排气通路之间连通;以及EGR阀,设置在上述EGR通路中,其特征在于,
包括:减速判定机构,判定车辆的减速;以及进气开放机构,在该减速判定机构判定为车辆正在减速时,打开上述EGR阀,使上述进气通路内的一部分进气经过上述EGR通路流向上述排气通路;
此外,上述EGR通路的排气通路侧连接口位于比涡轮靠近上游侧的位置。
2.如权利要求1所述的带涡轮增压器的发动机,其特征在于,
上述进气开放机构,在打开上述EGR阀之后经过规定时间,关闭上述EGR阀。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003158299A JP4134816B2 (ja) | 2003-06-03 | 2003-06-03 | ターボチャージャ付エンジン |
| JP2003158299 | 2003-06-03 | ||
| JP2003-158299 | 2003-06-03 |
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| CN1573045A CN1573045A (zh) | 2005-02-02 |
| CN1573045B true CN1573045B (zh) | 2010-07-21 |
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| CN200410034850XA Expired - Fee Related CN1573045B (zh) | 2003-06-03 | 2004-04-16 | 带涡轮增压器的发动机 |
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| US (1) | US7047742B2 (zh) |
| EP (1) | EP1484497B1 (zh) |
| JP (1) | JP4134816B2 (zh) |
| CN (1) | CN1573045B (zh) |
| DE (1) | DE602004016251D1 (zh) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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| CN110735669B (zh) * | 2019-10-08 | 2021-12-28 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | 一种航空燃气涡轮发动机旋转失速判断方法及装置 |
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- 2004-05-26 US US10/854,530 patent/US7047742B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-05-28 DE DE602004016251T patent/DE602004016251D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-05-28 EP EP04012795A patent/EP1484497B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP1484497B1 (en) | 2008-09-03 |
| EP1484497A2 (en) | 2004-12-08 |
| EP1484497A3 (en) | 2005-09-14 |
| DE602004016251D1 (de) | 2008-10-16 |
| US7047742B2 (en) | 2006-05-23 |
| US20040244375A1 (en) | 2004-12-09 |
| JP4134816B2 (ja) | 2008-08-20 |
| JP2004360525A (ja) | 2004-12-24 |
| CN1573045A (zh) | 2005-02-02 |
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