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CN1320272C - 具有电流总线的风力电站 - Google Patents

具有电流总线的风力电站 Download PDF

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CN1320272C
CN1320272C CNB028212673A CN02821267A CN1320272C CN 1320272 C CN1320272 C CN 1320272C CN B028212673 A CNB028212673 A CN B028212673A CN 02821267 A CN02821267 A CN 02821267A CN 1320272 C CN1320272 C CN 1320272C
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tower
current
wind power
carrying device
power station
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CN1575379A (zh
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艾劳埃斯·乌本
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/80—Arrangement of components within nacelles or towers
    • F03D80/82—Arrangement of components within nacelles or towers of electrical components
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D13/00—Assembly, mounting or commissioning of wind motors; Arrangements specially adapted for transporting wind motor components
    • F03D13/10—Assembly of wind motors; Arrangements for erecting wind motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D15/00—Transmission of mechanical power
    • F03D15/205—Transmission of mechanical power to the generator located at the tower bottom
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D80/00—Details, components or accessories not provided for in groups F03D1/00 - F03D17/00
    • F03D80/80—Arrangement of components within nacelles or towers
    • F03D80/82—Arrangement of components within nacelles or towers of electrical components
    • F03D80/85—Cabling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
    • F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
    • F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
    • F03D9/255—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02G—INSTALLATION OF ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES, OR OF COMBINED OPTICAL AND ELECTRIC CABLES OR LINES
    • H02G5/00—Installations of bus-bars
    • H02G5/002—Joints between bus-bars for compensating thermal expansion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/10—Stators
    • F05B2240/14—Casings, housings, nacelles, gondels or the like, protecting or supporting assemblies there within
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/91—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure
    • F05B2240/912—Mounting on supporting structures or systems on a stationary structure on a tower
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
    • F05B2240/95—Mounting on supporting structures or systems offshore
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种产生交流电的风力电站，具有一个由多个塔层构成的塔、一个设置在塔顶区内的发电机、一个设置在塔基区内的电力模块、和将电流从发电机传送到电力模块的载流装置。为了更快，更容易且因而更经济地架设风力电站，本发明的载流装置以分段形式预先安装在各塔层内。

Description

具有电流总线的风力电站
技术领域
本发明涉及一种风力电站，具有一个设有多个塔层的塔、一个设置在塔顶区内的发电机、一个设置在塔基区内的电力模块、和将电流由塔顶传输到电力模块的载流装置。
背景技术
一种风力电站的电源模块，包括如变压器、控制箱、可选择整流器、中压设备、低压配电设备等电气单元，在现有的风力电站中，其设置在发电机的下面，并通常设置在风力电站的塔基区内。最常见的是，在风力电站外，设有容置该模块或部分元件的独立小型建筑物。载流装置大多数情况下以电缆形式布设在塔内，用于将由设置在塔顶的吊舱中的发电机产生的电能传送到电力模块。这些电缆在构建后被引入到塔内。因为电缆必须在一个单独的工作周期中安装在超过整个塔的高度上，这是个高成本的工作过程。另外，这个工作周期依赖于塔预先的架设。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种风力电站，其更容易架设，因此造价更低，建成更快捷。
本发明的目的是通过将载流装置以分段形式预装在塔层内来实现的。
各载流装置段是预先制成的，且优选地在在单个的塔层构成塔之前，预先安装在各塔层上。省去了在塔建成后为了将发电机和电力模块相互电连接，而将电缆拉过塔的繁重工作。通过本发明的措施，可将风力电站的整个建造过程时间缩短，在没有引入任何新的技术缺点的情况下降低了建造成本。
本发明的有利的实施例在本发明从属权利要求中得以说明。优选的是，各载流装置段只在一个区域内，优选的是，在已架设状态的最上区内，牢固地连接到相关的塔层上。这种与塔层的连接，优选地，在塔层架设之前完成，以使塔层各层是预先制成的，各塔层包括装设于其上的各段载流装置。因为载流装置段只在一点处与塔真正的固定连接，而在塔层内壁一定限度内可动，并因此仍然是可调节的，以便其尽可能容易、可靠地与下一个塔层的下一个载流装置段相连。
为了进一步在塔层内连接各段载流装置，塔层的内壁也可以使用另外的紧固元件，使用这些紧固元件，可在塔架设前或架设后，稳固地保持各段载流装置，以便尽可能地牢固固定上述装置。
如果用电缆作为载流装置，为了跨过从塔的内壁伸出来的凸缘或凸出部分，可以测量位于各塔层内的电缆部分的长度，以使可没有问题的跨过这些区域。
如果以电流总线用作载流装置，优选地，可采用柔性连接总线，以便跨过从塔的内壁伸出的部分和/或连接各电流总线段。在塔架设之后，即使各电流总线段不直接汇合，或即使各电流总线段之间有不得不跨过的缝隙或其它的障碍物，如塔总线段的一个凸缘，这些柔性总线可用以连接各电流总线段。
为了一方面保护维修人员在通过塔内部空间爬到塔上时，不接触电流总线，以确保电绝缘，另一方面保护载流装置不被损坏，在另一个实施例中，设有一个保护套，特别是一个保护板，其固设在塔的内壁上并完全地保护载流装置免于接触。保护套可以被分成几个单个的段，这些段以与各载流装置段类似的方式预装在各塔层上。风力电站的架设也因此更省时和简单。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明进行详细描述。
图1示出本发明的风力电站；
图2示出通过这样的具有两个塔层的风力电站的一个截面；及
图3是本发明的电流总线的立体图。
具体实施方式
图1所示为本发明的风力电站1的示意图，风力电站1包括一个具有底座3的塔2，一个可旋转地设置在塔顶部的吊舱4，及一个设置在塔基区的电力模块7，如设在一个单独的室中。一个具有几个转子叶片5的转子与一个发电机6设置在吊舱4内，该转子可绕一个水平轴旋转。风能作用在转子叶片5上使转子转动并驱动发电机6产生电能。
为了将发电机6产生的能量传递至电力模块7，其具有许多电气单元，如一个变压器或一个可选择的整流器，用于在电流传送到电力网或使用者之前处理电流，借助于紧固装置10在塔2的内部空间8的壁上设置总线，优选的是两条总线。这些总线通过一条电缆11与发电机电导通或电连接，并通过一条连接线12优选地穿过底座3在地下与电力模块7电导通或电连接。
如图2详细所示，电流总线9制成是刚性的并优选地是由单个的电流总线段组成。此图中所示为优选的构建塔23的两个塔层21、22。这样的塔层21和22可以由，例如钢或甚至是水泥组成。
这些塔层21和22是预先制成的，并在风力电站处组装成塔。为了进一步缩短设置时间，并简化工作内容，并因此降低整个风力电站的成本，在塔21架设之前，电流总线段91和92优选地牢固连接到各个塔层21和22的合适位置处。优选的是，电流总线段91和92借助于一个紧固元件10，仅在相关的塔层21和22的上部区相连接，而电流总线段91和92的其它部分仍在一定的范围内可移动，以便简化与后续的电流总线段的连接。通过这种结构，塔2和电流总线91和92之间的相对运动，如由于不同的膨胀系数而引起的，也可以得到补偿。但是，也可以使用其它的紧固元件14在整个长度范围上引导电流总线段91和92。为此，容置电流总线段91和92的在紧固元件14中的开口的横截面积可以设计为比电流总线部分91和92本身的横截面积大。通过这种方式，可以实现电流总线部分91和92在紧固元件14中的相对运动，同时，电流总线部分91和92在其可移动的范围内得以引导和限制。
为了连接电流总线段91和92，且采用这样的连接以跨过突出到内部空间的部分，如位于塔层21和22的上、下边处的凸缘211和212，可使用绝缘柔性连接总线13，在其连接到两个电流总线段91和92上时，可以用手来改变它们的形状。同样，由于温度变化等而引起的材料膨胀或收缩可以通过这些连接总线13进行补偿。
图3是两条平行电流总线段911和912的立体图。它们通过螺钉15紧紧地螺锁到紧固元件14上。在这个例子中，为了将两个电流总线段911和912与紧固元件14绝缘而设有绝缘装置。当然，可选择地，紧固元件14本身也可以由绝缘材料制成。紧固元件14自身牢固地螺锁到塔层的内壁上。
为保护在风力电站在工作过程中不与电流总线段911和912接触，另外设有一个保护板16，其与电流总线段911和912一样，在塔2架设之前，已设置在各个塔层内。通过例如由固体橡胶制成的导轨17，该保护性护套一方面得以固定，另一方面与塔层绝缘。但，其它的在此未示出的装置也可以用来紧固保护板16。
而且，在和/或这些设置作为保护性护套16的保护板上，也可以定位其它的装置，如电插座，灯等，这些装置可以以一种简单的方式进行类似地预组装。另外，将这些装置装设在保护性护套16内尤其避免了塔的内壁上的暴露的安装及因此产生的危险，如在塔的架设过程中和架设后掉落物体的危险。

Claims (12)

1.一种风力电站，具有一个设有多个塔层的塔、一个设置在塔顶区内用于产生电流的发电机、和传导在塔顶产生的电流的载流装置，其特征在于：所述载流装置以分段形式预先安装在各塔层内。
2.如权利要求1所述的风力电站，其特征在于：所述载流装置通过紧固元件紧固在所述各塔层上。
3.如前述权利要求中的任意一项所述的风力电站，其特征在于：所述载流装置通过一个盖子保护免于接触。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的风力电站，其特征在于：各载流装置段只在一个区域内牢固的连接到相关塔层。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的风力电站，其特征在于：所述载流装置是电缆。
6.如权利要求1或2所述的风力电站，其特征在于：所述载流装置是总线。
7.如权利要求6所述的风力电站，其特征在于：设置柔性连接的总线以跨过从塔的内壁突出的部分和/或连接所述各电流总线段。
8.如权利要求1或2所述的风力发电，其特征在于：设有一个电力模块，所述载流装置将电流从所述发电机传输到所述电力模块。
9.如权利要求8所述的风力电站，其特征在于：所述的电力模块设置在塔基区内。
10.如权利要求3所述的风力电站，其特征在于，所述盖子是一盖板。
11.如权利要求4所述的风力电站，其特征在于：各载流装置段在架设状态的最上区域内牢固的连接到相关塔层。
12.一种塔层，用于由这样的几个塔层构成的风力电站，其具有一个设置在塔顶区用于产生电流的发电机，其特征在于：在所述塔层中预装有一个载流装置段，所述载流装置段传导在塔顶产生的电流。
CNB028212673A 2001-10-24 2002-08-31 具有电流总线的风力电站 Expired - Lifetime CN1320272C (zh)

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DE10152557.5 2001-10-24
DE10152557A DE10152557C1 (de) 2001-10-24 2001-10-24 Windenergieanlage mit Stromschienen

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US (1) US7199485B2 (zh)
EP (1) EP1444436B2 (zh)
JP (1) JP4279145B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR100581477B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1320272C (zh)
AR (1) AR036938A1 (zh)
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DE10305689A1 (de) 2004-09-02
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ES2275949T5 (es) 2018-05-03
CN1575379A (zh) 2005-02-02
KR100581477B1 (ko) 2006-05-22
PL206330B1 (pl) 2010-07-30
DK1444436T4 (da) 2018-04-16
ATE348955T1 (de) 2007-01-15
EP1444436B2 (de) 2018-01-31
EP1444436A1 (de) 2004-08-11
PT1444436E (pt) 2007-01-31
EP1444436B1 (de) 2006-12-20
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US20050042099A1 (en) 2005-02-24
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US7199485B2 (en) 2007-04-03
PL368343A1 (pl) 2005-03-21
AU2002333780B2 (en) 2005-12-15
AR036938A1 (es) 2004-10-13
BR0213475A (pt) 2004-11-03
MA26227A1 (fr) 2004-07-01
BR0213475B1 (pt) 2011-09-20
DE50209032D1 (de) 2007-02-01
MXPA04003753A (es) 2004-07-23
WO2003036084A1 (de) 2003-05-01
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