CN1308775C - Monolayer organic light receptor positive charged as well as dedicated material and preparation method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a positively charged single-layer structure organic photoreceptor, its special raw materials and their preparation method. The invention establishes a new method for preparing and purifying the nano-level phthalocyanine photoconductive material and a method for preparing the photoacceptor. The phthalocyanine organic photoconductive material of the present invention is composed of nanoparticles and nanowires, wherein the average diameter of the nanoparticles is in the range of 2-100 nanometers, especially 2-50 nanometers, and the average diameter of the nanowires is in the range of 2-30 nanometers, especially 2-30 nanometers. 10 nanometers. The present invention is characterized in that the single-layer organic photoacceptor with positive charging nanostructure is uniformly coated on the conductive substrate and is composed of polymer resin and phthalocyanine organic light-conducting material nanoparticles and nanowires dispersed therein. The photoacceptor has excellent photoconductive comprehensive properties and excellent stability, and can be applied to making core components of laser printers and electrostatic copiers.

Description

A positively charged monolayer organic photoreceptor and its preparation method and application

technical field

The invention relates to a positively charged single-layer structure organic photoreceptor and its preparation method, special raw materials and preparation method, especially the positively charged single-layer structure organic photoacceptor prepared from nanoparticles and nanowires of phthalocyanine organic photoconductive materials. Receptors and methods for their preparation.

Background technique

As the core component of laser printers and xerographic copiers, photoreceptors have undergone a development process from inorganic photoconductive materials to organic photoconductive materials. For example, US Pat. No. 4,265,990 describes a method for preparing a functionally separated organic photoreceptor. At present, the functionally separated double-layer or multi-layer structure organic photoreceptor is used in practical application, which is composed of a blocking layer, a carrier generating layer and a charge transporting layer. Due to the relatively mature research on hole transport materials, currently practical photoreceptors work by negatively charging the surface. In the process of preparing organic photoreceptors, the coating quality is very high, and multi-layer coating greatly increases the cost; when multi-layer photoreceptors are working, carriers need to be injected into the transfer layer after generation, which reduces the quantum yield; , The corona discharger produces O ₃ to deteriorate the working environment, and the device is easy to oxidize; the negative charging working state of the corona discharger is not as stable as the positive charging working state. Starting from reducing production costs, improving photoconductive sensitivity, improving working environment, improving photoreceptor life, product quality stability, and machine working state stability, the surface positively charged single-layer organic photoreceptor is an important development in the future. direction. In addition, there are some other important factors that determine that the positively charged monolayer photoreceptor has a very broad application prospect.

On the other hand, the outer layer of the currently used photoreceptor is a charge transfer layer, which is composed of a complex of unsaturated organic compounds and resins as transfer materials. The stability of these compounds is far inferior to that of phthalocyanine photoconductive materials themselves. Therefore, reducing such charge transport materials or not using such charge transport materials at all is beneficial to improve the lifetime of the organic photoconductor. Phthalocyanine photoconductive materials currently used to manufacture organic photoreceptors are nanoparticles in the submicron range. Further reducing the size of photoconductive materials is conducive to improving the spatial resolution of photoreceptors and improving the light transmittance of photoreceptors. Increase the specific surface of the photoconductive material, thereby improving the carrier generation efficiency. The use of photoconductive material nanowires can increase the degree of charge separation and reduce the probability of charge recombination, thereby improving the photoconductive performance of the photoreceptor. Chinese invention patent ZL95,117928.4 first reported a method of manufacturing ultrafine nanoscale phthalocyanine photoconductor particles, and prepared an ultrafine nanoscale phthalocyanine organic photoconductor with excellent performance for constituting a double-layer structure photoreceptor Material.

There have been some patent reports on the development of single-layer structure photoreceptors. For example, in U.S. Pat. The photoconductive film, the inorganic photoconductive material is mainly ZnO, and the resin is mainly polycarbonate, polyester and polyamide. Japanese Laid-Open Patent Gazette (A) (Japanese Patent Application Hei 7-291876) has reported a four-component surface positively charged single-layer structure organic photoreceptor, and its carrier generation material is metal-free phthalocyanine, and also contains electron transfer material Tetraphenylcyclopentadienone derivatives and hydrazone compounds as hole transport materials. The spectral response range of metal-free phthalocyanines makes it difficult to apply to near-infrared light with wavelengths greater than 760nm.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a new positively charged single-layer organic photoacceptor, which has excellent photoconductive comprehensive properties and excellent stability. The invention also provides a method for manufacturing the photoacceptor, a novel nanoscale phthalocyanine organic photoconductive material and a new method for manufacturing the photoacceptor.

The difficulty encountered in the manufacture of single-layer photoreceptors is that it is difficult to meet the requirements for the comprehensive performance of photoreceptors by using common materials. For example, a good photoreceptor should simultaneously have high charging potential, high photosensitivity, low dark decay, low residual potential and excellent stability. It is particularly difficult to solve the main contradiction of high photoconductive sensitivity and low dark attenuation, which is the key factor limiting the practical application of single-layer photoreceptors.

Phthalocyanine compounds (molecular structure shown in Figure 1), especially VOPc, TiOPc, etc., have excellent photogenerated carrier generation properties and a wide spectral response range, and are widely used in the manufacture of photoreceptor carriers for laser printers. Generate layers. However, when using common phthalocyanine-based photoconductive materials (nanoparticles with a size concentrated between 20 and 200 nanometers, and containing some micron-sized particles) to manufacture a single-layer photoreceptor film, the phthalocyanine-based photoconductor itself has a certain Due to the problems caused by the electrical conductivity and the unavoidable microscopic uneven dispersion, some parts of the film have great dark decay, while other parts have poor photoconductivity. The use of ordinary phthalocyanine photoconductive materials in high concentrations cannot be practical due to the large dark attenuation.

The invention uses a special method to manufacture a novel nanoscale phthalocyanine organic photoconductive material, which is composed of phthalocyanine nano particles and nanowires. Wherein the average diameter of the nanoparticles is in the range of 2-100 nanometers, especially in the range of 2-50 nanometers, and the average diameter of the nanowires is in the range of 2-30 nanometers, especially in the range of 2-10 nanometers. The photoconductive material is uniformly dispersed in an electrically insulating film-forming agent to make a new type of single-layer photoreceptor. Since the thickness of the photoreceptor film is on the order of microns to millimeters, it is difficult to form a penetrating dark conduction channel in the film, thus in principle solving the problem of excessive dark conductance when the content of phthalocyanine photoconductive material is high. At the same time, because the small-sized phthalocyanine photoconductive material has excellent light transmittance and large specific surface area, and there is a suitable distance between highly dispersed particles, the existence of a large number of photoconductive material nanowires increases the degree of charge separation, so in the visible-near In the infrared spectrum response range (400-900nm), the photoacceptors all exhibit excellent photoconductive properties, that is, high photosensitivity, low dark decay, low residual potential and good chargeability.

The specific content of the present invention is as follows:

1. Preparation method of nanoscale phthalocyanine organic photoconductive material:

1. Dissolving the crude product of phthalocyanine compounds in concentrated sulfuric acid to prepare a concentrated sulfuric acid solution with a certain concentration (0.1-40g/L).

2. Add the concentrated sulfuric acid solution of the above-mentioned phthalocyanine compound into the aqueous solution (concentration is 0.1～60g/L) containing surfactant to prepare a clear and stable colloidal solution. The surfactants used include nonionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, anionic surfactants or mixtures thereof, especially R(OCH ₂ CH ₂ O) _n R'-type surfactants, wherein R is an alkyl group , R' is H or alkyl.

3. Put the above colloidal solution in an ultrafilter, wash it with deionized water or an organic solvent, and press dry, and then wash the obtained filter cake with solvents such as water, alcohol, acetone or tetrahydrofuran.

4. Dry the washed phthalocyanine organic photoconductive material at -5-150°C, especially at 20-60°C. The drying method is not limited. In this way, an ultrafine nanoscale phthalocyanine photoconductive material is prepared. Such phthalocyanine-based organic photoconductive materials are composed of nanoparticles and nanowires. Wherein the average diameter of the nanoparticles is 2-100 nanometers, especially 2-50 nanometers, and the average diameter of the nanowires is 2-30 nanometers, especially 2-10 nanometers. The phthalocyanine photoconductive materials involved in the present invention include vanadyl phthalocyanine (VOPc), titanium phthalocyanine (TiOPc), metal-free phthalocyanine (H ₂ Pc), aluminum chloride phthalocyanine (AlClPc) and indium chloride phthalocyanine (InClPc) ).

2. Preparation of positively charged nanostructure monolayer organic photoreceptors:

1. Disperse the nano-scale phthalocyanine organic photoconductive material prepared by the present invention in an organic solution containing a polymer resin to prepare a stable colloidal coating solution. Wherein the average diameter of the nanoparticles is 2-100 nanometers, especially 2-50 nanometers, and the average diameter of the nanowires is 2-30 nanometers, especially 2-10 nanometers. The ratio of the phthalocyanine organic photoconductive material to the resin is 4-60%, and a particularly suitable ratio is 20-50%. The solvent in the coating solution includes chlorinated alkanes (such as 1,2-dichloroethane, chloroform, etc.), aromatic hydrocarbon solvents (such as toluene, etc.), ether solvents (such as tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, etc.) , alcohol solvents (such as ethanol, isopropanol, etc.) and ketone solvents (such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, cyclohexanone, etc.), etc. The dispersion process can adopt methods such as electromagnetic stirring, ultrasonic treatment or ball milling.

2. Spread the prepared colloidal coating solution on the conductive substrate to form a film, and dry it at 20-60° C. to prepare the single-layer photoreceptor (as shown in FIG. 2 ).

The polymer resin involved in the present invention includes polycarbonate, polyolefin, polystyrene, polyamide, polyester and other resins with excellent electrical insulation properties.

In the Chinese patent No. ZL95,117928.4, steps such as ion exchange and addition of acetone to demulsify the phthalocyanine colloid solution are adopted when preparing ultrafine nanoscale phthalocyanine photoconductive material particles. The former may introduce a small amount of inorganic impurities during mass production, and the latter may cause a small amount of surfactant molecules with antistatic ability to be trapped in the photoconductive material. When using a single layer of photoreceptors, it may cause increased dark attenuation, and the production cost is higher. In order to solve these problems, the present invention establishes a new nano-scale photoconductive material preparation and purification method, and develops a nano-scale phthalocyanine organic photoconductive material and its stable coating solution that are more suitable for manufacturing single-layer photoreceptors. Photoconductive materials are a new class of photoconductive materials, which consist of nanoparticles and a large number of nanowires, the ratio of which depends on the preparation conditions.

The invention successfully prepares a novel nano-scale phthalocyanine organic photoconductive material suitable for constructing a single-layer photoreceptor through a simple method. The material is mixed with a polymer resin, and the positively charged single-layer organic photoacceptor can be prepared without adding other carrier transport materials. The single-layer organic photoreceptor of the present invention has low dark attenuation, high photoconductive sensitivity, high charging potential and low residual potential, and its preparation method is simple and easy, and only needs to be coated once to form a film, which can greatly reduce production cost. In addition, the positively charged organic photoacceptor of the present invention also complies with people's requirements for environmentally friendly materials and reflects the future development trend.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the molecular structure of phthalocyanine compounds

Fig. 2 schematic diagram of the section of the positively charged monolayer photoreceptor of the present invention

The ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum (using TU-1211 type ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer to measure) of the monolayer photoacceptor of the present invention described in Fig. 3

Detailed ways

In order to illustrate the present invention more specifically, several examples are given. However, the content involved in the present invention is not limited to these examples.

Embodiment one:

1. Dissolve the crude product of VOPc in concentrated sulfuric acid to make a concentrated sulfuric acid solution with a concentration of 10g/L.

2. Add the concentrated sulfuric acid solution of this VOPc dropwise to the aqueous solution containing polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactant (trade name Brij35) under the conditions of mechanical stirring and ultrasonic treatment to obtain a clear solution. stable colloidal solution.

3. Place the obtained colloidal solution in an ultrafilter and wash it with deionized water. When the effluent is neutral (pH ~ 7), it is pressed dry, and the obtained filter cake is washed alternately with water and acetone.

4. The washed product is vacuum-dried at room temperature to obtain the ultrafine nanoscale VOPc solid. The material was dispersed in 1,2-dichloroethane, and characterized by a JEM2000FX transmission electron microscope. The results showed that the material was composed of nanowires and nanoparticles. In the material, the average diameter of the nanowires is between 3 and 20 nanometers, and the average diameter of the nanoparticles is between 2 and 20 nanometers.

5. Add the nanoscale VOPc to the 1,2-dichloroethane solution of polycarbonate (wherein the mass ratio of nanoscale VOPc to polycarbonate is 7:20), and obtain uniform and stable Coating solution. The solvent in the coating solution can also use other chlorinated alkanes solvents (such as chloroform), also can use aromatic hydrocarbons solvents (such as toluene etc.), ether solvents (such as THF, dioxane etc.), alcohol solvents (such as ethanol isopropanol, etc.) and ketone solvents (such as acetone, butanone, cyclohexanone, etc.). Spread the coating solution on the aluminum substrate to form a film and then dry it at 60° C. for 3 hours to prepare the single-layer photoreceptor. The ultraviolet-visible absorption spectrum of the single-layer photoreceptor is shown in FIG. 3 .

Using the EPA-8200 electrostatic analyzer to make the surface of the photoreceptor positively charged, the measured light attenuation sensitivity E _1/2 (550nm) is 1.41μJ/cm ² , E1/2 (780nm) is 0.82μJ/cm ² , E _1/2 (830nm) is 0.93 μJ/cm ² .

Embodiment two:

1. Dissolve the crude product of VOPc in concentrated sulfuric acid to make a concentrated sulfuric acid solution with a concentration of 0.3g/L.

2. Under mechanical stirring, the concentrated sulfuric acid solution of this VOPc is added dropwise to the aqueous solution containing polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactant (trade name: Brij35) with a concentration of 3g/L to obtain a clear and stable colloidal solution .

3. Place the obtained colloidal solution in an ultrafilter and wash it with deionized water. When the effluent is neutral (pH ~ 7), it is pressed dry, and the obtained filter cake is washed alternately with water and acetone.

4. The washed product is vacuum-dried at room temperature to obtain the ultrafine nanoscale VOPc solid. The material was dispersed in 1,2-dichloroethane, and characterized by a JEM2000FX transmission electron microscope. The average diameter of the nanowires in the material is between 2 and 20 nanometers, and the average diameter of the nanoparticles is between 2 and 10 nanometers.

5. Add the ultra-fine nano-scale VOPc into the 1,2-dichloroethane solution of polycarbonate (wherein the mass ratio of nano-scale VOPc to polycarbonate is 8:25), and obtain uniform under the action of ultrasonic waves. stable coating solution. The single-layer photoreceptor was prepared by spreading the coating solution on an aluminum substrate to form a film and then drying at 60° C. for 3 hours.

Using the EPA-8200 electrostatic analyzer to make the surface of the photoreceptor positively charged, the light attenuation sensitivity E _1/2 (550nm) was measured to be 1.80μJ/cm ² , and the E _1/2 (780nm) was 1.08μJ/cm ² , E _1/2 (830nm) is 1.25 μJ/cm ² .

Embodiment three:

1. Dissolve the crude product of VOPc in concentrated sulfuric acid to make a concentrated sulfuric acid solution with a concentration of 3g/L.

2. Under mechanical stirring, the concentrated sulfuric acid solution of this VOPc is added dropwise to the aqueous solution containing polyoxyethylene nonionic surfactant (trade name: Brij35) with a concentration of 3g/L to obtain a clear and stable colloidal solution .

3. Place the obtained colloidal solution in an ultrafilter and wash it with deionized water. When the effluent is neutral (pH ~ 7), it is pressed dry, and the obtained filter cake is washed alternately with water and acetone.

4. The washed product is vacuum-dried at room temperature to obtain the nanoscale VOPc solid. The material was dispersed in 1,2-dichloroethane, and characterized by a JEM2000FX transmission electron microscope. In the material, the average diameter of the nanowires is between 2 and 20 nanometers, and the average diameter of the nanoparticles is between 2 and 10 nanometers.

5. Add the ultra-fine nano-scale VOPc into the 1,2-dichloroethane solution of polycarbonate (wherein the mass ratio of nano-scale VOPc to polycarbonate is 8:25), and obtain uniform under the action of ultrasonic waves. stable coating solution. The single-layer photoreceptor was prepared by spreading the coating solution on an aluminum substrate to form a film and then drying at 60° C. for 3 hours.

Using the EPA-8200 electrostatic analyzer to make the surface of the photoreceptor positively charged, the light attenuation sensitivity E _1/2 (550nm) was measured to be 1.88μJ/cm ² , and the E _1/2 (780nm) was 1.13μJ/cm ² , E _1/2 (830 nm) is 1.30 μJ/cm ² .

Embodiment four:

1. The preparation steps of the ultrafine nanoscale VOPc solid are the same as in Example 1.

2. Add the ultra-fine nano-scale VOPc to the 1,2-dichloroethane solution of polycarbonate (wherein the mass ratio of nano-scale VOPc to polycarbonate is 1:2), and obtain uniform under the action of ultrasonic waves. stable coating solution.

3. The method of coating the photoreceptor is the same as that in Example 1.

Using the EPA-8200 electrostatic analyzer to characterize, the surface is positively charged, and the light attenuation sensitivity E _1/2 (550nm) is 0.74μJ/cm ² , E _1/2 (780nm) is 0.40μJ/cm ² , E _{1 /2} (830 nm) is 0.49 μJ/cm ² .

Embodiment five:

1. The preparation steps of the ultrafine nanoscale VOPc solid are the same as in Example 1.

2. Add the ultra-fine nano-scale VOPc into the 1,2-dichloroethane solution of polycarbonate (wherein the mass ratio of nano-scale VOPc to polycarbonate is 2:5), and obtain uniform under the action of ultrasonic waves. stable coating solution.

3. The method of coating the photoreceptor is the same as that in Example 1.

Use the EPA-8200 electrostatic analyzer to characterize, the surface is positively charged, and the light attenuation sensitivity E _1/2 (550nm) is 0.92μJ/cm ² , E _1/2 (780nm) is 0.65μJ/cm ² , E _{1 /2} (830 nm) is 0.77 μJ/cm ² .

Embodiment six:

1. The preparation steps of the ultrafine nanoscale VOPc solid are the same as in Example 1.

2. Add the ultrafine nanoscale VOPc to the 1,2-dichloroethane solution of polycarbonate

(wherein the mass ratio of nanoscale VOPc to polycarbonate is 4:25), a uniform and stable coating solution is obtained under the action of ultrasonic waves.

3. The method of coating the photoreceptor is the same as that in Example 1.

Using the EPA-8200 electrostatic analyzer to characterize, the surface is positively charged, and the measured light decay sensitivity E _1/2 (550nm) is 4.11μJ/cm ² , E _1/2 (780nm) is 2.59μJ/cm ² , E _{1 /2} (830 nm) is 2.80 μJ/cm ² .

Embodiment seven:

1. The preparation steps of the ultrafine nanoscale VOPc solid are the same as in Example 1.

2. Add the ultra-fine nano-scale VOPc to the 1,2-dichloroethane solution of polycarbonate (wherein the mass ratio of nano-scale VOPc to polycarbonate is 2: 25), and obtain uniform under the action of ultrasonic waves. stable coating solution.

3. The method of coating the photoreceptor is the same as that in Example 1.

Using the EPA-8200 electrostatic analyzer to characterize, the surface is positively charged, and the measured light decay sensitivity E _1/2 (550nm) is 6.54μJ/cm ² , E _1/2 (780nm) is 3.54μJ/cm ² , E _{1 /2} (830 nm) is 3.82 μJ/cm ² .

Embodiment eight:

1. The preparation steps of the ultrafine nanoscale VOPc solid are the same as in Example 1.

2. Add the ultra-fine nano-scale VOPc to the 1,2-dichloroethane solution of polycarbonate (wherein the mass ratio of nano-scale VOPc to polycarbonate is 1:25), and obtain uniform under the action of ultrasonic waves. stable coating solution.

3. The method of coating the photoreceptor is the same as that in Example 1.

Use the EPA-8200 electrostatic analyzer to characterize, the surface is positively charged, and the measured light decay sensitivity E _1/2 (550nm) is 13.45μJ/cm ² , E _1/2 (780nm) is 8.88μJ/cm ² , E _{1 /2} (830 nm) is 9.86 μJ/cm ² .

The relevant performance parameters of the positively charged nanostructure monolayer organic photoreceptor prepared according to Examples 1-8 are shown in Tables 1, 2, and 3:

Table 1 Relevant performance parameters of some positively charged monolayer organic photoreceptors (550nm) Example number V ₀ (V) Dark decay (V/s) V _R (V) E _1/2 (μJ/cm ² ) one 576 27 13 1.41 two 605 20 12 1.80 three 624 18 10 1.88 Four 518 45 3 0.74 five 609 38 8 0.92 six 711 15 25 4.11 seven 764 10 40 6.54 eight 840 6 133 13.45

Table 2 Relevant performance parameters of some positively charged monolayer organic photoreceptors (780nm) Example number V ₀ (V) Dark decay (V/s) V _R (V) E _1/2 (μJ/cm ² ) one 561 25 13 0.82 two 609 twenty one 9 1.08 three 623 twenty four 11 1.13 Four 520 44 3 0.40 five 602 35 7 0.65 six 712 13 26 2.59 seven 760 10 40 3.54 eight 812 7 135 8.88

Table 3 Relevant performance parameters of partially positively charged monolayer organic photoreceptors (830nm) Example number V ₀ (V) Dark decay (V/s) V _R (V) E _1/2 (μJ/cm ² ) one 560 25 14 0.93 two 612 20 10 1.25 three 631 19 9 1.30 Four 519 45 0 0.49 five 623 34 8 0.77 six 714 12 twenty two 2.80 seven 764 10 40 3.82 eight 809 6 152 9.86

Claims (12)

1. A positively charged nanostructure single-layer organic photoreceptor, which is composed of a single-layer film coated on a conductive substrate, characterized in that: the single-layer film is composed of polymer resin and nano-scale phthalein dispersed therein Composed of cyanine organic photoconductive materials; the nanoscale phthalocyanine organic photoconductive materials include vanadyl phthalocyanine, titanium phthalocyanine, metal-free phthalocyanine, aluminum phthalocyanine chloride or indium phthalocyanine chloride, composed of nanoparticles and nanowires Composition, wherein the average diameter of the nanoparticles is 2-100 nanometers, and the average diameter of the nanowires is 2-30 nanometers. 2. The positively charged nanostructure single-layer organic photoreceptor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the average diameter of the nanoparticles is 2-50 nanometers, and the average diameter of the nanowires is 2-10 nanometers. 3. The positively charged nanostructure single-layer organic photoreceptor according to claim 1, characterized in that: said polymer resin is polycarbonate, polyolefin, polystyrene, polyamide or polyester. 4. The positively charged nanostructure single-layer organic photoreceptor according to claim 1, characterized in that the nanoscale phthalocyanine organic photoconductive material is 4-60% by weight of the polymer resin. 5. The positively charged nanostructure single-layer organic photoreceptor according to claim 4, characterized in that the nanoscale phthalocyanine organic photoconductive material is 20-50% by weight of the polymer resin. 6. A method for preparing a positively charged nanostructure monolayer organic photoreceptor, characterized in that: it is prepared according to the following method: (1) Dissolving the crude product of phthalocyanine compounds in concentrated sulfuric acid to make a concentrated sulfuric acid solution with a concentration of phthalocyanine compounds of 0.1 to 40 g/L; Titanium, metal-free phthalocyanine, chloroaluminum phthalocyanine or indium chlorophthalocyanine; (2) Adding the concentrated sulfuric acid solution of the above-mentioned phthalocyanine compound into the aqueous solution containing surfactant at a concentration of 0.1 to 60 g/L to obtain a clear and stable colloidal solution; (3) the above-mentioned colloidal solution is placed in an ultrafilter and washed with deionized water or an organic solvent, filtered, and the filter cake obtained is washed with water, alcohol, acetone or tetrahydrofuran; (4) drying the washed phthalocyanine-based photoconductive material at minus 5°C to 150°C, thereby preparing a nanoscale phthalocyanine-based organic photoconductive material; (5) Dispersing the nano-scale phthalocyanine-based organic photoconductive material in an organic solution containing a polymer resin to prepare a stable colloidal coating liquid; the nano-scale phthalocyanine-based organic photoconductive material is 4 to 60% of the weight of the polymer resin; The solvents in the coating liquid include chlorinated alkanes, aromatic hydrocarbon solvents, ether solvents, alcohol solvents and ketone solvents; the dispersion process can use electromagnetic stirring, ultrasonic treatment or ball milling; (6) spreading the prepared colloidal coating solution on a conductive substrate to form a film, and drying at 20-60° C. to prepare the positively charged nanostructure single-layer organic photoreceptor. 7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the surfactant in step 2) is R(OCH ₂ CH ₂ O) _n R', wherein R is an alkyl group; R' is H or an alkyl group , 4≤n≤1000. 8. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the surfactant in step 2) is cationic, anionic, nonionic or a mixture thereof, or it is combined with R(OCH ₂ CH ₂ O) _n A mixture of R', wherein R is an alkyl group; R' is H or an alkyl group, 4≤n≤1000. 9. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that the drying temperature in step 4) is 20-60°C. 10. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that in step 5), the nanoscale phthalocyanine organic photoconductive material is 20-50% by weight of the polymer resin. 11. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the solvent in the coating liquid in step 5) is selected from 1,2-dichloroethane, chloroform, toluene, tetrahydrofuran, dioxane, Ethanol, isopropanol, acetone, butanone, cyclohexanone. 12. The application of the positively charged nanostructure single-layer organic photoreceptor as claimed in claim 1 in the production of photoreceptor components in laser printers and electrostatic copiers.

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