CN1304056C - Suspension-aid agent for vaccine of coccidiosis - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a coccidiosis vaccine suspending agent, which is characterized in that the suspending agent is made of carboxymethyl cellulose, oligosaccharides and dried powder, and its component content (by weight of the suspending agent) 100%): carboxymethyl cellulose 5% to 20%, air-dried powder 0.5% to 3%, and the rest is oligosaccharides. The above-mentioned suspending agent has the ability to evenly suspend the coccidia oocysts in drinking water and maintain them for more than 6 hours without sedimentation. On the one hand, there is no need to stop water before coccidiosis vaccination, which saves trouble and reduces stress, and avoids water grabbing; on the other hand, the water consumption of chickens is relatively uniform by extending the drinking time; Uniformity provides a simple and feasible solution for the popularization and application of coccidiosis vaccines.

Description

A kind of coccidiosis vaccine suspending agent

Technical field:

The present invention relates to the invention belonging to the veterinary vaccine immunization suspending agent, more precisely, the present invention is a coccidiosis vaccine suspending agent with a suspending effect as long as more than 6 hours composed of various components, It is possible to adopt the drinking water inoculation method without first stopping the water for the immunization route of the coccidiosis vaccine.

Background technique:

Chicken coccidiosis is one of the most serious diseases that harm the intensive chicken industry, and its harm to chickens is equivalent to some severe infectious diseases. So far, the main means of chicken coccidiosis control is to use anticoccidial drugs for chemical control. However, with the widespread and continuous use of anticoccidial drugs, the two major problems of drug resistance and drug residues are becoming more and more serious. The research on preventing coccidiosis in chickens through immunization has attracted extensive attention. There are various factors affecting the immune effect, and the scientific immune method is the necessary guarantee to ensure the induction of strong, lasting and uniform immunity. The only way to immunize chicken coccidiosis attenuated live oocyst vaccine is oral administration, and the stress on chickens is great, and the immunization is time-consuming and laborious; coccidia oocysts die quickly in a dry environment and cannot be mixed into the feed Allow the chickens to eat for a long time; the drinking water immunization operation is simple and less stressful to the chickens, but due to the high density of oocysts, it will soon sink into the bottom of the drinking fountain and most of the vaccines will not be able to play their due role, so it must be immunized Add a suspending agent that makes the oocysts float in drinking water. According to relevant reports, although the suspending agent currently used can suspend the oocysts in drinking water for a certain period of time, the maintenance time is very short, generally no more than 2 hours. When the water is finished, the water must be stopped before immunization, which often leads to chickens scrambling to drink water. Some strong chickens drink too much, while some weak ones drink too little, or even do not drink, resulting in uneven immune doses. When the vaccine oocysts are bred by the flock and spread a large number of offspring oocysts in the feces and litter, the chickens in the flock that are missed or have insufficient immune doses will be severely infected due to lack of basic immunity or insufficient basic immunity , resulting in bloody feces, hindered weight gain, and even death, seriously affecting the production performance of the flock.

Invention content:

The purpose of the present invention is to overcome some shortcomings of the prior art, to explore a coccidiosis vaccine suspending agent with a long-lasting suspending effect, and to achieve the uniform effect of immunization dosage without first stopping water before immunization, so as to solve the problem of coccidiosis vaccine immunization method issues.

The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: the suspending agent of the present invention is made of carboxymethyl cellulose, oligosaccharides and dried powder, and its component content (with the weight of the suspending agent being 100 %): carboxymethyl cellulose 5% to 20%, air-dried powder 0.5% to 3%, and the rest are oligosaccharides.

Carboxymethyl cellulose, also known as CMC (abbreviation for Carloxy Methyl Cellulose in English), is a high molecular weight anionic cellulose ether. Appearance is white or yellowish powder, odorless, non-toxic, easy to absorb moisture, slightly salty taste, its degree of substitution is greater than 0.4, it is water-based, as the degree of substitution increases, the transparency of water solubility improves accordingly, it is insoluble in acid, Alcohol, ether, chloroform, benzene and other organic solvents, but soluble in water to form a stable and transparent colloidal solution. Carboxymethyl cellulose has many excellent properties such as thickening, suspending, dispersing, emulsifying, bonding, water retention, protective colloid, etc. It can be used as emulsifier, thickener, dispersant, stabilizer, etc. Good name.

Oligosaccharides, also known as oligosaccharides, refer to the general term for compounds with 2 to 10 monosaccharides linked by glycosidic bonds, mainly including: , gentiooligosaccharides, soybean oligosaccharides, raffinose, wild sesame tetrasaccharide, etc., first entered the market as human health products. According to reports, adding an appropriate amount of oligosaccharides to the feed can improve the micro-ecological environment in the intestinal tract of poultry, improve the immunity of poultry, and promote growth, which has the effect similar to that of prebiotics. After the coccidiosis vaccine is immunized, its immune response will often cause slight damage to the intestinal tract of the chicken, which will affect the weight gain of the chicken body in a short period of time. Questions will be of some help. On the other hand, oligosaccharides are a kind of sugar substance, which can be used as a dispersion aid to increase the viscosity of the dispersion medium, and be adsorbed on the surface of suspended particles to increase their hydrophilicity, which is beneficial to reduce the sedimentation velocity and Coalescing increases the stability of the suspension.

Drying powder is a desiccant to prevent carboxymethyl cellulose and oligosaccharides from deteriorating due to moisture absorption during storage.

The suspending agent prepared by combining the above three substances in a certain proportion can make the coccidian oocysts evenly suspended in drinking water and can be maintained for more than 6 hours without sedimentation. On the one hand, there is no need to stop water before coccidiosis vaccination, which saves trouble and reduces stress, and avoids the phenomenon of chickens grabbing water; on the other hand, the drinking time is prolonged, and the amount of water consumed by chickens is relatively uniform. This ultimately ensures the uniformity of coccidiosis vaccination and provides a simple and feasible solution for the popularization and application of coccidiosis vaccines.

Detailed ways

The suspending agent of the present invention is formed by mixing 15% carboxymethyl cellulose, 83% oligosaccharide and 2% air-dried powder (based on the weight of the suspending agent as 100%).

Further illustrate effect of the present invention with example below:

Example 1 Static test of oocyst sedimentation

1 Materials and methods:

1.1 Coccidia oocyst mixture: containing Eimeria tenella, E. necatrix, E. maxima and Eimeria heap 4 species of worm (E.acervulina) were mixed at a ratio of 1:1:1:1, and a coccidiosis vaccine solution with 1 million oocysts/ml was formulated with 2.5% potassium dichromate solution.

1.2 Test grouping and treatment:

One group: Shake the coccidia oocyst mixture fully, absorb 2ml and add it to 1000ml drinking water, stir repeatedly from different directions (clockwise, counterclockwise, up and down); weigh 7g of the suspension-improving powder of the present invention, and slowly add In the above-mentioned coccidian oocyst liquid, stir repeatedly from different directions (clockwise, counterclockwise, up and down) while adding, until the suspending agent is completely dissolved, and the coccidia oocyst liquid is paste.

Group 2: Weigh 20g of the coccidiosis vaccine suspending agent sold by a certain company according to the instructions for use, slowly add it to 1000ml of drinking water, and stir repeatedly from different directions (clockwise, counterclockwise, up and down) until the suspending agent is completely Dissolve; Shake the coccidia oocyst mixture thoroughly, draw 2ml into the above solution, and stir repeatedly from different directions (clockwise, counterclockwise, up and down).

Three groups (blank control group): Shake the coccidia oocyst mixture thoroughly, draw 2ml into 1000ml drinking water, and stir repeatedly from different directions (clockwise, counterclockwise, up and down).

At 0h, 1h, 2h, 4h, 6h, and 10h, 15 μl of the upper layer liquid of each group was sucked with a pipette gun, and placed in a hemocytometer for counting oocysts. Each group was counted from 6 sampling points each time, whichever average value.

2 results

The suspension powder of the present invention can evenly suspend coccidia oocysts in drinking water and maintain them for more than 6 hours without sedimentation; while the coccidiosis vaccine suspending agent sold by a certain company has reduced oocysts by 67.1% in 2 hours.

See Table 1 for specific data:

Table 1 Coccidiosis Vaccine Suspension Laboratory Static Measurement Test Result group time (h) Measured data (one oocyst/15μl) Average number (oocysts/15μl) Proportion(%) First group 0 28, 32, 30, 26, 29, 33 29.7 100 1 30, 32, 29, 28, 31, 27 29.5 99.3 2 28, 27, 30, 31, 28, 32 29.3 98.7 4 25, 29, 30, 26, 29, 33 28.7 96.6 6 29, 23, 29, 26, 31, 32 28.3 95.3 10 26, 24, 29, 22, 27, 20 24.7 83.2 Second Group 0 27, 29, 32, 31, 29, 29 29.5 100 1 13, 17, 11, 19, 16, 21 16.2 54.9 2 7, 10, 11, 8, 13, 9 9.7 32.9 4 2, 5, 1, 4, 4, 6 3.7 12.5 6 0, 1, 1, 0, 2, 3 1.2 4.1 10 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 0 0 The third group 0 30, 28, 32, 26, 32, 33 30.2 100 1 3, 1, 3, 2, 2, 4 2.5 8.3 2 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0 0.3 1.0 4 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 0 0 6 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 0 0 10 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 0 0

Example 2 Effect comparison test of different immunization methods of chicken coccidiosis attenuated virus vaccine 1 Materials and methods:

1.1 Test chicks

3,000 1-day-old commercial chicklings were purchased from Gaoming Huigang Chicken Farm, raised on the ground with litter, and fed ad libitum.

1.2 Chicken coccidiosis attenuated live oocyst quadrivalent vaccine (canonical vaccine - COVAC)

Developed by our unit, it contains Eimeria tenella, E. necatrix, E. maxima and E. acervulina) 4 species, the immunization dose was 1200 oocysts/chicken.

1.3 Feed

Provided by Guangdong Guanghong Jiujiang Feed Co., Ltd., it is a full-price feed without adding any anticoccidial drugs.

1.4 Experimental design

The above-mentioned 3000 test chicks were randomly divided into 3 groups, 1000 in each group. The first group is the immunization group without drinking water, the second group is the non-stop drinking water immunization group, and the third group is the drip immunization group, and each group is immunized at the age of 4 days. The specific treatment is as follows:

Group 1: Stop water for 2 hours before immunization, and then carry out drinking water immunization with coccidiosis vaccine. First, according to the amount of water that each chicken needs to drink within 2 hours after making water, weigh about 5ml of water required by this group, that is, 5kg of water, and add 1 pack of coccidiosis vaccine suspension sold by a certain company according to the instructions for use, from different directions (Clockwise, counterclockwise, up and down) Stir repeatedly evenly, then add 1000 parts of canonical seedlings (shake well before use), and stir repeatedly from different directions (clockwise, counterclockwise, up and down). Distribute the above-mentioned vaccine liquid evenly into 10 drinking fountains, place them evenly in the chicken coop and let the chickens drink freely, until they are all drunk before changing to clean water.

Group 2: There is no need to stop water before immunization, and the coccidiosis vaccine can be immunized directly in drinking water. First, according to the amount of water that each chicken usually needs to drink within 4 to 6 hours, about 6ml, weigh the amount of water required by this group, that is, 6kg of water, and then add 1000 copies of canonical ball seedlings (shake well before use). clockwise, counterclockwise, up and down) and stir repeatedly, then slowly pour 50g of the suspension-supporting powder of the present invention, and stir repeatedly from different directions (clockwise, counterclockwise, up and down) while pouring, until the suspension-supporting powder is completely dissolved, and the vaccine liquid It was mushy. Distribute the above-mentioned vaccine liquid evenly into 10 drinking fountains, place them evenly in the chicken coop and let the chickens drink freely, until they are all drunk before changing to clean water.

Group 3: Immune chickens with canonical vaccines with drip nozzles one by one, and calculate 2 drops per bird (0.04ml/drop) based on a bottle of 80ml (1000 feathers/bottle).

1.5 Observation indicators

1.5.1 Clinical observation

During the entire test period, detailed records were made every day, including the health status of the flock, the number of chickens that were sick and dead, the diagnosis results, the cost of medicine consumption, and the amount of materials used.

1.5.2 Fecal examination

At 10, 20, 30, and 40 days of age, 20 fresh fecal samples were collected from various parts of the floor of each group of chicken houses, and gram fecal coccidiosis oocyst count (OPG) was performed to monitor the excretion of oocysts.

1.5.3 Weight Comparison

Every 2 weeks, 30-60 chickens were randomly selected from each group and weighed one by one, and the data were statistically analyzed using SPSS software.

1.5.4 Statistics on survival rate and feed-to-meat ratio

After the test, the survival rate and feed-to-meat ratio of chickens in each group were counted.

2 results

2.1 Clinical manifestations of each group during the whole trial period

On the 13th to 14th day after immunization, the chickens in the three groups all had different degrees of bloody feces, especially the first group was the most serious, with about 10 to 15 piles per square meter and 9 dead chickens; while the second and third groups The symptoms of the group were mild, with only 1 to 3 heaps of bloody stools per square meter. Immediately apply ball speed grams for treatment, and the situation has basically improved on the 15th day after immunization, and the coccidiosis has been controlled, and no clinical coccidiosis has been found since then.

2.2 Death and survival of each group

During the test period, all chickens in each group died. According to autopsy, the mortality rate of group 1 was 0.9% due to coccidiosis; while groups 2 and 3 were all caused by non-coccidiosis. See Table 2 for details.

Table 2 Statistics of death in each group group original number Non-coccidia deaths Death due to coccidia Survival rate (%) number of deaths mortality rate(%) number of deaths mortality rate(%) Group 1 1000 18 1.8 9 0.9 97.3 Group 2 1000 19 1.9 0 0 98.1 Group 3 1000 16 1.6 0 0 98.4

2.3 The excretion of coccidia oocysts in the feces of each group

The excretion of coccidia oocysts in the feces of each group is shown in Table 3.

Table 3 The detection rate of coccidia and feces oocyst count (OPG) in each group of chickens group 10 days old 20 days old 30 days old 40 days old The detection rate OPG The detection rate OPG The detection rate OPG The detection rate OPG Group 1 100% (20/20) 14221±5993 100% (20/20) 5614±3652 55% (11/20) 240±87 100% (20/20) 8916±4557 Group 2 100% (20/20) 31745±1025 ^* 95% (19/20) 1460±541 25% (5/20) 90±49 100% (20/20) 2783±1080 group 3 100% (20/20) 7425±1167 100% (20/20) 3925±2988 30% (6/20) 235±194 95% (19/20) 7075±2022

Note: The S-N-K method of SPSS software (i.e. q test method), * indicates that the difference between group 2 and group 1 and group 3 is significant (P<0.05).

It can be seen from Table 3 that the number of oocysts in the three groups was the highest at 10 days, then decreased rapidly, reached the lowest point at 30 days, and rose slightly at 40 days. This trend of change was most obvious in group 2 (non-stop drinking water immunization group), whose OPG value reached 31745±1025 on 10 days, which was significantly higher than that of groups 1 and 3 (P<0.05), and rapidly decreased to 1460±541, and its OPG value was lower at 30d, only 90±49.

2.4 Average body weight of each group at each growth stage

As can be seen from Table 4, the average body weight of Group 1 (immunization group without drinking water) was lower at 14 days, and the average body weight of Group 3 (immunization group with drip nozzle) was lower at 28 days and 42 days. There was no significant difference in mean weight among the groups.

Table 4 The average body weight of each growth stage in each group group 14d 28d 42d 52d Group 1 198.90±3.44 ^a 619.36± ^7.25c 1309.56± ^17.74e 1723.70± ^18.10f Group 2 206.80± ^3.94ab 626.35± ^7.31c 1325.28± ^19.32e 1725.42± ^24.52f group 3 216.30± ^2.87b 604.02± ^6.49c 1244.30±16.63 ^d 1681.38± ^20.04f

Note: Using the S-N-K method of SPSS software (that is, the q test method), there is no significant difference between groups with the same superscript or between different ages in the same group (P>0.05), but there is a significant difference between groups with different superscripts or between different ages in the same group (P<0.05).

2.5 Feed remuneration for the whole period of the test

It can be seen from Table 5 that there was no significant difference in feed-to-meat ratio among the three groups during the whole test period.

Table 5 Feed conversion rate of each group during the whole test period group Total weight gain (kg) Total consumption(kg) Feed to meat ratio Group 1 1721.2 3774.5 2.19 Group 2 1747.1 3780.0 2.16 group 3 1691.6 3672.5 2.17

3 Conclusion

Judging from the above indicators, the immunization results of the vaccination method of non-stop water immunization in the second group were relatively ideal, and non-stop water drinking immunization was adopted to protect the chickens from the stress of water shortage and catching chickens.

Claims (2)

1, a kind of coccidiosis vaccine suspending agent, it is characterized in that this suspending agent is by carboxymethyl cellulose, oligosaccharide and dries up powder and constituted that its constituent content is 100% in suspending agent weight: carboxymethyl cellulose 5%～20%, dry up powder 0.5%～3%, all the other are oligosaccharide.

2, coccidiosis vaccine suspending agent according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described oligosaccharide is one or more the combination in oligomeric lactose, oligomeric galactose, oligofructose, oligomeric isomaltose, palatinose, oligomeric dragon gallbladder sugar, soybean oligo saccharide, cottonseed sugar, the stachyose.