CN1216016C - Natural plant carrier compound nitrogen fertilizer synergist - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of natural plant carrier compound nitrogen fertilizer synergist, is made up of plant urease inhibitor (lemon eucalyptus leaf, eucalyptus leaf or tea tree leaf dry powder) and plant nitrification inhibitor (tung seed meal, camphor tree leaf or oleander leaf dry powder) of equal quality ) mixture, boric acid or borax, dicyandiamide (DCD), zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate, zeolite, etc. are composed in a certain proportion. The compound nitrogen fertilizer synergist can effectively delay the transformation of urea in the soil and reduce the ammonium nitrogen fertilizer ( Ammonium bicarbonate, etc.) into the soil due to nitrification leaching, which is conducive to the absorption of nitrogen nutrients by plants, and regulates the release rate of nutrients in different forms of nitrogen fertilizers (ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen), so that the effective period of nitrogen fertilizers is greatly improved. extend. The plant materials used come from natural sources, with strong regeneration and rich resources; the production cost of the product is low, non-toxic and harmless, safe to use, easy to operate, and can be directly mixed with various nitrogen fertilizers, and can also be used as an additive for nitrogen-containing compound fertilizer granulation. Can be widely applied.

Description

Natural plant carrier compound nitrogen fertilizer synergist

Technical field: the present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural chemical fertilizers, in particular to a natural plant carrier compound nitrogen fertilizer synergist.

Background technology: Chemical nitrogen fertilizer occupies an important position in the chemical fertilizers produced and applied in my country. Statistics show that in 2002, the application amount of chemical nitrogen fertilizer in my country reached 27.7 million tons (pure nutrient), accounting for 62.4% of the total amount of chemical fertilizer (44.42 million tons). However, the utilization rate of chemical nitrogen fertilizers in my country has been low for a long time. One of the main reasons is that nutrients are released quickly and are often lost in the soil through volatilization, leaching, and denitrification. At the same time, single and excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer will lead to unbalanced plant nutrition, low yield, poor quality, deterioration of soil physical and chemical properties, and increased agricultural production costs. Therefore, how to slow down the decomposition rate of chemical nitrogen fertilizers in the soil, improve their effectiveness to plants, increase the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizers, and thus reduce the amount of chemical nitrogen fertilizers has become a long-term focus of attention at home and abroad.

At present, there are two main ways to improve the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer at home and abroad: (1) to modify chemical nitrogen fertilizer and produce various slow-release fertilizers. For example, coated urea, large-grained urea, long-acting ammonium bicarbonate, urea formaldehyde (urea dissimilation), these methods usually have high production costs, and the effect is not ideal, and may also increase new sources of environmental pollution (such as coated substances, etc.), Its application is limited; (2) use additives, namely nitrogen fertilizer synergists. Including the addition of nitrification inhibitors and urease inhibitors to control the transformation process of different nitrogen fertilizers in the soil, thereby improving the nitrogen use efficiency. This method has attracted the attention of researchers in many countries due to its good effect and convenient application. There are many types of nitrogen fertilizer synergists researched and applied abroad, mainly single organic compounds, such as 2-amino-4-chloro-6-methylpyrimidine (AM) and 2-chloro-6-tripyrimidine in nitrification inhibitors. Chloromethylpyridine (CP), dicyandiamide (DCD), etc., urease inhibitor hydroquinone (HQ), O-phenylphosphoric diamide (PPD), N-butyl thioacid triamide (BTPT) wait. These compounds are not only costly, but also cause great environmental pollution. In the 1980s, our country continued to use many foreign research results. In the past 10 years, most of the researches used humic acid substances as the main carrier, adding HQ or DCD, etc., and some of them have applied for patents. Among them, the cost of HQ is high (about 30,000 yuan) /t), and may pollute the environment, the application is limited. Our country is rich in plant resources, with various types, complex components and various functions. Therefore, it is a good way to screen and utilize natural plant materials as nitrogen fertilizer synergists.

Summary of the invention: The object of the present invention is to provide a natural plant carrier compound nitrogen fertilizer synergist that uses natural plant materials as the main carrier, is non-toxic, harmless, low in cost, and can significantly improve the utilization rate of chemical nitrogen fertilizers.

Natural plant carrier compound nitrogen fertilizer synergist of the present invention is by (1) plant property urease inhibitor and plant property nitrification inhibitor mixture of quality such as (1) boric acid or borax, (3) dicyandiamide (DCD), ( 4) Composed of zinc sulfate, (5) ammonium molybdate, and (6) zeolite, the mass percentages are respectively: 27-45% of plant-based urease inhibitor and plant-based nitrification inhibitor mixture of equal mass, 5-20% of boric acid or borax %, dicyandiamine (DCD) 8-20%, zinc sulfate 5-8%, ammonium molybdate 3-5%, zeolite 7-20%.

The plant urease inhibitor in the present invention refers to lemon eucalyptus leaves, eucalyptus leaves or tea tree leaf dry powder, and the plant nitrification inhibitor refers to tung tree meal, camphor tree leaves or oleander leaf dry powder. Both are collectively referred to as plant material.

Each component of the natural plant carrier composite nitrogen fertilizer synergist of the present invention should meet the following requirements: plant material particle diameter≤0.25mm (crossing 60 mesh sieve), boric acid contains B≥17% (or borax contains B≥11%) , dicyandiamide containing (NH ₂ ) ₂ CNCN≥95%, zinc sulfate containing Zn≥23%, ammonium molybdate containing Mo≥49%. Zeolite particle size ≤ 0.25mm (through 60 mesh sieve).

The preparation method of the natural plant carrier compound nitrogen fertilizer synergist of the present invention is: take lemon eucalyptus leaf, eucalyptus leaf or tea tree leaf, air-dry and grind to finely pass through a 60 mesh sieve; take tung seed meal, camphor tree leaf or oleander leaf, Air-dried and finely passed through a 60-mesh sieve, mixed the two plant materials with equal quality, took 27-45% of the mixture, then took 5-20% of boric acid or borax, 8-20% of dicyandiamide (DCD), zinc sulfate 5-8%, 3-5% ammonium molybdate, and 7-20% zeolite are respectively passed through a 60-mesh sieve, and fully stirred and mixed at normal temperature and pressure to obtain the nitrogen fertilizer synergist.

The use method of the natural plant carrier compound nitrogen fertilizer synergist of the present invention is: mix the nitrogen fertilizer synergist and chemical nitrogen fertilizer according to a certain mass ratio, and can be used as base fertilizer, top dressing, etc., wherein the compounding amount of the natural plant carrier compound nitrogen fertilizer synergist (mass ratio) accounts for 4-8% of the pure nitrogen application amount of chemical nitrogen fertilizer.

The present invention has the following advantages:

1. Among the compound nitrogen fertilizer synergists, plant-based urease inhibitors and nitrification inhibitors can effectively delay the transformation of urea in the soil and reduce the leaching of ammonium nitrogen fertilizers (ammonium bicarbonate, etc.) into the soil due to nitrification; Plant materials contain various nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. At the same time, trace elements such as boron, zinc, and molybdenum can balance plant nutrition and help plants absorb nitrogen nutrients; ammonium protective agents (zeolite, DCD) can Adjust the release rate of different forms of nitrogen fertilizer (ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen), so that the effective period of nitrogen fertilizer is greatly extended, and the nitrogen utilization rate of crops is increased by 5 to 8 percentage points when nitrogen is applied at the same amount. The element utilization rate increased by 6-10 percentage points. (see experimental results for details)

2. The plant material used in the present invention also contains a large amount of organic matter except the nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, which can improve the soil structure and regulate the supply capacity of soil organic and inorganic nutrients; the zeolite in the synergist can also improve the soil quality. The physical and chemical properties and the ability to maintain and supply fertilizers can improve the plant growth environment and increase the yield of crops.

3. The plant materials used in the present invention come from natural sources, have strong reproducibility, and are rich in resources; the production cost of the product is low, non-toxic and harmless, safe to use, and easy to operate. It can be directly mixed with various nitrogen fertilizers, and can also be used as a nitrogen-containing compound fertilizer. Granular additives can be widely used.

The following are some experimental results of the synergist:

Table 1 Effects of compound nitrogen fertilizer synergists on corn yield increase and nitrogen use efficiency ^* (Nitrogen fertilizer is urea) deal with Yield (kg/ha) Production increase (%) Nitrogen utilization rate (%) Increase(%) NPK(CK)NPK+compound synergist ANPK+compound synergist BNPK+compound synergist C 6180661665806705 07.056.478.50 36.8042.2641.5944.07 05.464.797.27

Note: The field experiment of corn (variety Nongda 108) was carried out on the purple soil in Chongqing area, and the effects of increasing yield and improving nitrogen use efficiency were obtained.

Table 2 Effects of compound nitrogen fertilizer synergists on rice yield increase and nitrogen use efficiency ^* (Nitrogen fertilizer is urea) deal with Yield (kg/ha) Production increase (%) Nitrogen utilization rate (%) Increase(%) NPK(CK)NPK+compound synergist ANPK+compound synergist BNPK+compound synergist C 7185793979977674 010.4911.306.80 35.9243.5743.9341.38 07.658.015.46

Note: The experiment of hybrid rice (Gangyou 22) was carried out in the purple paddy soil in Beibei area of Chongqing City, and the effects of increasing yield and improving nitrogen use efficiency were obtained.

Detailed ways:

Example 1:

Get lemon eucalyptus leaves, air-dry and grind to finely pass through a 60-mesh sieve; get tung tree meal, air-dry and finely pass through a 60-mesh sieve, mix the two plant materials with equal quality, get the mixture 40kg, then take 15kg of boric acid, dicyandiamide (DCD) 20kg, zinc sulfate 5kg, ammonium molybdate 4kg, zeolite 16kg, among them, boric acid contains B ≥ 17%, dicyandiamide contains (NH ₂ ) ₂ CNCN ≥ 95%, zinc sulfate contains Zn ≥ 23%, molybdenum The ammonium acid contains Mo≥49%, pass through a 60-mesh sieve respectively, and fully stir and mix at normal temperature and pressure to obtain the nitrogen fertilizer synergist.

Example 2:

Get lemon eucalyptus leaves, air-dry and grind to finely pass through a 60-mesh sieve; get camphor leaves, air-dry and grind to finely pass through a 60-mesh sieve, mix the two plant materials with equal quality, get the mixture 300kg, then take borax 170kg, dicyandiamide (DCD) 200kg, zinc sulfate 80kg, ammonium molybdate 50kg, zeolite 200kg, among them, borax contains B ≥ 11%, dicyandiamide contains (NH ₂ ) ₂ CNCN ≥ 95%, zinc sulfate contains Zn ≥ 23%, molybdenum The ammonium acid contains Mo≥49%, pass through a 60-mesh sieve respectively, and fully stir and mix at normal temperature and pressure to obtain the nitrogen fertilizer synergist.

Example 3:

Get eucalyptus leaves, air-dry and grind them through a 60-mesh sieve; get oleander leaves, air-dry them and grind them through a 60-mesh sieve, mix the two plant materials with equal quality, get the mixture 45kg, then take 18kg of boric acid, dicyandiamide Amine (DCD) 10kg, zinc sulfate 6kg, ammonium molybdate 3kg, zeolite 18kg, among them, boric acid contains B ≥ 17%, dicyandiamide contains (NH ₂ ) ₂ CNCN ≥ 95%, zinc sulfate contains Zn ≥ 23%, Ammonium molybdate containing Mo≥49%, passed through a 60-mesh sieve, fully stirred and mixed at normal temperature and pressure, to obtain the nitrogen fertilizer synergist.

Example 4:

Get tea tree leaf, through air-drying and finely cross 60 mesh sieves; Get tung seed meal, through air-drying finely cross 60 mesh sieves, two kinds of plant materials equal quality are mixed, get this mixture 450kg, then get borax 100kg, dicyandiamide ( DCD) 150kg, zinc sulfate 80kg, ammonium molybdate 50kg, zeolite 170kg, among them, borax contains B ≥ 11%, dicyandiamine contains (NH ₂ ) ₂ CNCN ≥ 95%, zinc sulfate contains Zn ≥ 23%, molybdic acid The ammonium contains Mo ≥ 49%, pass through a 60-mesh sieve, and fully stir and mix at normal temperature and pressure to obtain the nitrogen fertilizer synergist.

Example 5:

Get Eucalyptus leaves, air-dry and grind through 60 mesh sieves; get camphor leaves, air-dry and grind through 60 mesh sieves, mix the two kinds of plant materials with equal quality, get the mixture 27kg, then get boric acid 20kg, dicyandiamide ( DCD) 20kg, zinc sulfate 8kg, ammonium molybdate 5kg, zeolite 20kg, among them, boric acid containing B ≥ 17%, dicyandiamide containing (NH ₂ ) ₂ CNCN ≥ 95%, zinc sulfate containing Zn ≥ 23%, molybdic acid Ammonium containing MO≥49%, pass through a 60-mesh sieve, and fully stir and mix at normal temperature and pressure to obtain the nitrogen fertilizer synergist.

Embodiment 6:

Get eucalyptus leaf, through air-dried grinding finely cross 60 mesh sieves; Get tung seed meal, through air-drying finely cross 60 mesh sieves, two kinds of plant materials equal quality are mixed, get this mixture 45kg, then get boric acid 5kg, dicyandiamide ( DCD) 19kg, zinc sulfate 7kg, ammonium molybdate 4kg, zeolite 20kg, among them, boric acid containing B ≥ 17%, dicyandiamide containing (NH ₂ ) ₂ CNCN ≥ 95%, zinc sulfate containing Zn ≥ 23%, molybdic acid Ammonium containing MO≥49%, pass through a 60-mesh sieve, and fully stir and mix at normal temperature and pressure to obtain the nitrogen fertilizer synergist.

Embodiment 7:

Get tea tree leaves, air-dry and grind finely through a 60-mesh sieve; get oleander leaves, air-dry and grind finely through a 60-mesh sieve, mix the two plant materials with equal quality, get the mixture 4400kg, then take boric acid 2000kg, dicyandiamide Amine (DCD) 800kg, zinc sulfate 600kg, ammonium molybdate 300kg, zeolite 1900kg, among them, boric acid contains B ≥ 17%, dicyandiamine contains (NH ₂ ) ₂ CNCN ≥ 95%, zinc sulfate contains Zn ≥ 23%, Ammonium molybdate containing Mo≥49%, passed through a 60-mesh sieve, fully stirred and mixed at normal temperature and pressure, to obtain the nitrogen fertilizer synergist.

Embodiment 8:

Get lemon eucalyptus leaves, air-dry and grind to finely pass through a 60-mesh sieve; get oleander leaves, air-dry and finely pass through a 60-mesh sieve, mix the two plant materials with equal quality, get the mixture 4500kg, then take borax 1900kg, dicyanide Diamine (DCD) 1800kg, zinc sulfate 600kg, ammonium molybdate 500kg, zeolite 700kg, among them, borax contains B ≥ 11%, dicyandiamide contains (NH ₂ ) ₂ CNCN ≥ 95%, zinc sulfate contains Zn ≥ 23% , ammonium molybdate containing Mo ≥ 49%, passing through a 60-mesh sieve, fully stirring and mixing at normal temperature and pressure, to obtain the nitrogen fertilizer synergist.

Claims (1)

1, a kind of natural plant carrier compound nitrogen fertilizer synergist is characterized in that, by (1) plant-based urease inhibitor of equal quality and plant-based nitrification inhibitor mixture, (2) boric acid or borax, (3) dicyandiamide Amine DCD, (4) zinc sulfate, (5) ammonium molybdate, (6) zeolite composition, its mass percent is respectively: equal mass plant urease inhibitor and plant nitrification inhibitor mixture 27～45%, boric acid or Borax 5-20%, dicyandiamide DCD 8-20%, zinc sulfate 5-8%, ammonium molybdate 3-5%, zeolite 7-20%, of which: The plant urease inhibitor refers to lemon eucalyptus leaf, eucalyptus leaf or tea tree leaf dry powder, and the plant nitrification inhibitor refers to tung tree meal, camphor tree leaf or oleander leaf dry powder; Each component should meet the following requirements: plant material particle size ≤ 0.25mm, boric acid containing B ≥ 17% or borax containing B ≥ 11%, dicyandiamine containing (NH ₂ ) ₂ CNCN ≥ 95%, zinc sulfate containing Zn ≥ 23%, ammonium molybdate containing Mo≥49%, zeolite particle size≤0.25mm.