CN1285022A - Elastically adjustable hinges, their use for mounting swivel panels, and door assemblies with such hinges - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a hinge (101) for fixing a movable plate on a fixed door and window frame, which has a male leaf (103), a female leaf (102) and a cylindrical bolt (104), and the male leaf is provided with at least one end an open axial cylindrical hole (120), the female leaf has an axial cylindrical chamber (108) open at least at one end, and the pin makes the female leaf (102) rotatably connected to the male leaf (103), which The feature is that the hole (120) of the male leaf (103) includes an elastic member (130) that exerts a force on the bolt (104), and when the elastic member is compressed, the thrust can balance the weight of the movable plate, and through the female leaf (102) ) applied to the pin (104). The present invention also relates to the application of the hinge installation rotating plate and the door assembly with the hinge.

Description

Elastically adjustable hinges and their use for mounting swivel panels and door assemblies with such hinges

The invention relates to a height-adjustable hinge for installing a door on a door frame or installing a window sash or a shutter on the window frame, and a door combination with the adjustable hinge.

The hinges used in house interior decoration or furniture manufacturing generally consist of a male leaf and a female leaf. Connected to the fixings on it. The male and female pages are usually rotatably connected by a long pin, a part of which goes into a hole in the male page and another part into a cavity in the female page.

These hinges are preferably adjustable so that the height of the flap can be adjusted without lengthy work such as removing the flap, adding washers around the pins to adjust the flap height, or adding and removing the hinges.

To this end, documents FR-A-2408024, FR-A-2479884 and FR-A-2533615 propose screw-adjustable hinges, which can be adjusted without removing the flaps. In these hinges, the hole of the male leaf is threaded to cooperate with the threaded part of the pin, which has a shoulder in the middle area which cooperates with a shoulder arranged in the gap of the female leaf, a The tightening and loosening member is preferably arranged at the end of the bolt opposite the threaded portion; said tightening and loosening member is operable from an opening in the bottom of the female chamber, so that said chamber is open at both ends. During operation, for example, by means of a tool with a hexagonal cavity, its product name is TORX, inserted from the opening of the female page chamber, the threaded part of the plug can be screwed or unscrewed in the threaded hole of the male page, so that, The female leaf is raised or lowered relative to the male leaf due to the engagement of the shoulder of the latch with the shoulder of the female leaf chamber. Thus, the movable panel to which the shade is fixed can be raised or lowered relative to the door and window frame.

However, this adjustable hinge has a disadvantage: when only one such hinge is used to install the movable panel, the weight of the movable panel is fully supported on the adjustable hinge, and if this hinge is used, the weight of the movable panel It is then supported on one of these adjustable hinges. In these cases, after installation, the door and window frame can be damaged and/or the fastening of the hinges under load can be affected, for example, the plate can rub against the ground, and the closure is no longer effective because the safety bolt no longer enters the cross head , or break the hinge. This danger is especially great in the case of door assemblies consisting of a wooden door frame, a door which is often a door which is flush with the plywood veneer, and hinges which attach the door to the frame, Such a door combination is described, for example, in document FR-A2409366. However, in this door combination, on the one hand, the isoplanar door is easily deformed, and on the other hand, when the door combination is installed, the hinges may be affected by uncontrolled forces.

In order to avoid this defect, the present invention uses at least one hinge to install a movable panel on a door frame, the hinge has a balance adjusting member, and the balance adjusting member has an elastic member, especially a spring, whose thrust is relative to the weight of the movable panel Partially balanced so that the weight of the movable panel is distributed between at least two hinges connected to the movable panel. Of course, one and the same door can use several hinges according to the invention; preferably one hinge according to the invention is used in connection with a screw-adjustable hinge, such as that described in document FR-A-2533615.

Therefore, the present invention firstly relates to a hinge for fixing a movable panel to a fixed door and window frame, the hinge has a male leaf, a female leaf and a cylindrical latch, the male leaf has a The fixing part on the top has an axial cylindrical hole open at least one end thereof, and the female page has a fixing part fixed on the movable plate and has an axial cylindrical cavity open at least one end thereof, a first A shoulder is arranged in the cavity, and the pin is connected to the female page in rotation, and one end of the pin is arranged in the hole of the male page, and the other end is arranged in the cavity of the female page, and the pin can be connected with the cavity of the female page. The first shoulder in the chamber cooperates, and it is characterized in that the hole of the male leaf has an elastic member that exerts force on the latch, when the elastic member is compressed, the thrust can balance the weight of the movable plate, and through the female leaf applied to the pin.

The elastic member is preferably a spring, especially a helical spring; the spring is preferably arranged between the bottom of the male hole and the surface of a stop that forms the pin; said spring can be supported on the pin by at least one The welding points at the end coils of the bolts are connected to the pins.

According to a preferred embodiment of the hinge according to the invention, the pin has a shoulder, called a second shoulder, which can cooperate with the first shoulder in the female cavity, the second shoulder being on the pin A cylindrical central part is separated from a centering rod of smaller diameter, said cylindrical central part is partially inserted into the hole of the male leaf, when the first shoulder bears on the second shoulder, said centering The rod is completely arranged in the cavity of the female leaf; the diameter of the centering rod is substantially equal to the diameter of the first region of the female chamber in which it is installed; the diameter of the central part of the bolt is preferably substantially equal to that The diameter of the negative cavity in the second region separated from the first region. In addition, the pin can have a guide tail on the side of its central part where the centering rod is not present, and when the elastic member is a spring, said guide tail is used to guide said spring into the hole during the compression of the spring; The guide tail may be cylindrical with a diameter smaller than that of the central portion of the pin.

The cavity may be provided with a third region having a diameter greater than that of the second region, said third region being defined within a skirt which covers the adjacent terminal end of the male leaf when the elastic member is compressed ; The terminal end of the positive page is preferably cylindrical on the outside, and the diameter of the third region of the chamber is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the terminal end of the positive page.

The hole of the male leaf preferably has two continuous regions, a first region receiving the central part of the pin and a second region of smaller diameter, separated by a shoulder called a third shoulder: No. The three shoulders can limit the stroke of the bolt in the hole, thereby limiting the compression stroke of the elastic member; when the elastic member is a coil spring, the diameter of the second area of the hole is greater than the diameter of the guide tail, so that the spring is between the guide tail and the hole between the walls of the second zone.

The operation of the hinge of the present invention is as follows. When the movable plate is mounted on the pin, the first shoulder in the female leaf cavity cooperates with the second shoulder on the pin, and the load causes the pin to be inserted into the hole in the male leaf; the pin compresses the spring until the force exerted by the spring The force balances the weight of the movable board.

It is to be noted that, according to the invention, the holes do not have threads and the pins do not have threaded rods; therefore, the balance adjustment of the hinge is only effected by the action of the spring. When elastically balanced adjustable hinges are used on the same mobile panel, the force exerted by the spring distributes the weight of the panel over all elastically adjustable hinges.

The holes of the male pages and the cavities of the female pages may be blind holes. However, for ease of processing, it is preferable to have an opening at the bottom, so that the holes and chambers are open at both ends. In this case, a closure element, for example a closure plug or a decorative element, can be screwed on in order to close the opening and/or the bottom of the chamber.

When the holes of the male page and the cavity of the female page are blind holes, the closing plugs, especially the decorative elements, can be screwed in known manner in the holes and threaded holes in the bottom of the cavity.

The fixing parts of the male and female pages can be screws or plates, the screws are arranged perpendicular to the axis of the male or female pages, and the plates are arranged on a plane parallel to the axes of the male or female pages , and is equipped with holes, which can be fixed on the fixed door and window frame or movable plate by screw fixing method.

The present invention also relates to the application of the hinge, that is, at least one elastic balance adjustable hinge is used to cooperate with at least one screw adjustable hinge, so that a movable plate is rotatably installed on a fixed door and window frame. Among them, the screw-adjustable hinge preferably has a male leaf, a female leaf and a cylindrical pin, and the male leaf has a fixing part fixed on the door and window frame, and has an axial cylindrical shape with at least one end open. The female page has a fixed part fixed on the movable plate, and has an axial cylindrical cavity open at its two ends, a first shoulder is arranged in the cavity, and the latch makes the female page Rotately connected to the male leaf, one end of the bolt is arranged in the hole of the male leaf, and the other end is arranged in the chamber of the female leaf, the bolt can cooperate with the first shoulder in the chamber of the female leaf, and the hole of the male leaf has Threads co-operate with threads provided by one of the stems of the bolt, the portion of the bolt opposite the stem having an adjustment member at the end, accessible from the outside at one end of the chamber. When an elastic balance adjustable hinge as described above is used in combination with a screw adjustable hinge, the presence of a screw adjustable hinge allows the height of the movable panel to be adjusted relative to the door and window frame, and the elastic balance adjustable hinge The existence of the movable plate can make the load of the mobile plate be distributed on the two hinges; as long as the screw pin is neither too low nor too high, it should not be too low, so that all the weight will be supported on the elastic balance adjustable hinge, not too high. High enough that the springs of the elastic adjustable hinges are fully relaxed, so that all the weight of the panel rests on the screw adjustable hinges. Of course, if elastically balanced hinges are used, then the load is distributed over all hinges.

The present invention also relates to a door assembly, which is composed of an assembly including a fixed door frame, a movable panel and at least two hinges for rotatably connecting the door frame and the movable panel. At least one of the hinges is an elastic balance adjustment hinge.

In a preferred embodiment of this door combination, at least one other hinge is a screw-adjustable hinge such as described in document FR-A-2533615. The structure of this door combination is preferably as described in the document FR-A-2409365 or 2409366: the door frame is composed of three members, namely two side columns and a beam with the same front section; each of the three members of the door frame Each member consists of three assemblies, the first assembly forming a divider arranged between the other two assemblies having a planar surface on which a A groove into which a partition member is inserted.

In a variant embodiment, the divider has a T-shaped frontal section in order to have a web and a crossbar, the ends of which constitute tongues fitted into grooves of the other two fittings, both of which are assembled by gluing assembly. In another embodiment, the door frame is mounted on partitions of different thicknesses, the partition is a tongue, the width of which is selected according to the thickness of the partition, and the other two fittings are screwed between the partition and the partition. sides.

The invention will be better understood with reference to the attached drawings and non-limiting examples.

The accompanying drawings are as follows:

Fig. 1 is a partial axial front sectional view of a screw-adjustable hinge according to the principles of the prior art;

Figure 2 is similar to Figure 1, showing an elastic balance adjustable hinge in the first embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is an axial sectional view of an elastic adjustable hinge in another embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 4 is a front view of a door assembly using the hinge of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a horizontal cross-sectional view along line V-V in Fig. 4 of the first variant of the door assembly shown in Fig. 4;

FIG. 6 is a horizontal sectional view similar to FIG. 5 showing a second embodiment variant of the door combination shown in FIG. 4 .

FIG. 1 shows a screw-adjustable hinge 1 . This hinge is made of a female leaf 2 and a male leaf 3, and the female leaf and the male leaf are rotatably connected to each other by a latch 4.

The female page 2 consists of a cylindrical main body 5, which is equipped with a skirt 6; on the main body, a threaded rod 7 is fixed perpendicularly to the coaxial line, and the threaded rod is used to be screwed in a hole of a fixed door and window frame, A movable plate is rotatably installed on the door and window frame. A chamber 8 is arranged in the negative page 2 . The chamber 8 is open at its ends; it comprises three cylindrical regions: a region 9 of smaller diameter, a region 10 of medium diameter, and a region 11 of larger diameter corresponding to the skirt 6 . Regions 9 and 10 define a shoulder 12 between them.

The latch 4 consists of two rods 13 and 14 separated by an intermediate cylindrical portion 15 having a diameter greater than that of the rods 13 and 14 . The rod 13 is smooth and has a diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the cylindrical area 9 of the chamber 8 ; its terminal surface is provided with a hexagonal hollow cavity 16 . The diameter of the cylindrical central portion 15 is substantially equal to the diameter of the region 10 of the chamber 8 . The cylindrical central portion 15 and the rod 13 define a shoulder 17 therebetween. The rod 14 is threaded.

The male leaf 3 consists of a cylindrical body through which a hole 20 passes. The hole 20 is divided into two regions 21 and 22 of different diameters. The area 21 of larger diameter is located on the side facing the female leaf 2; The area 22 is of smaller diameter and has a thread, the diameter and thread of which are such that the threaded rod 14 can be screwed in the area 22 of the hole. The bore areas 21 and 22 define between them a stop surface 23 limiting the travel of the central part 15 and thus the travel of the threaded rod 14 and of the latch 4 . In the area 22 near the stop surface 23, a radial threaded hole leading to the area 22 is provided on the side wall of the male leaf 3; a pointed screw 40 is provided in this hole, and the pointed screw consists of a threaded part and A head is formed, and the threaded part can be screwed into the threaded hole to prevent the bolt 4 from turning relative to the thread of the area 22 . The head of the point screw 40 has a hexagonal hollow cavity so that the pin can be fixed after adjustment using a suitable tool. On the main body of the male leaf 3, a threaded rod 14 is fixed perpendicular to the axis, and the threaded rod is used to be screwed into a hole of the movable plate, and the movable plate is rotatably installed on the fixed door and window frame.

To adjust the height of the hinge 1 , when the hinge 1 is secured, the trim 28 for plugging the end of the chamber is unscrewed in order to be able to access the slot 16 at the end of the rod 13 of the latch 4 . Using a suitable hex tool, act on the cavity 16 to turn the pin in one direction, or after loosening the point screw 40 to turn the pin in the other direction. In this way, the threaded rod is screwed or unscrewed in the threaded region 22 of the bore. The shoulder 12 of the cavity 8 cooperates with the shoulder 17 of the bolt 4, and the female leaf 2 is separated from or close to the male leaf 3. In this way, the movable plate is lowered or raised relative to the fixed door and window frame, and the pointed screw 40 is tightened to fix the position selected for the latch 4 .

Fig. 2 shows the elastic adjustable hinge of the present invention in the first embodiment.

According to this embodiment, the hinges are externally identical to the screw-adjustable hinges shown in FIG. 1, so that they can be used on the same fixed door and window frame-movable panel combination without affecting the appearance. The hinge assembly shown in FIG. 2 is numbered 101. The hinge 101 is composed of a female leaf 102 and a male leaf 103 , and the female leaf 102 and the male leaf 103 are rotatably connected to each other by a latch 104 .

The shape of the female leaf 102 is the same as that of the female leaf 2 of the hinge 1: the female leaf 102 has a main body 105 on which a threaded rod 107 is fixed perpendicular to its axis, and the female leaf 102 has a skirt at its bottom 106. The body 105 is penetrated by an axially cylindrical cavity 108 which is open at both ends and has a first internal shoulder 112 . The chamber 108 has three consecutive regions: the first region is located outside the shoulder 112 when leaving the positive page; the second region adjoins the shoulder 112 and has a diameter greater than that of the first region; the third region has a diameter greater than that of the second region. The diameter of the zone, the third zone is separated from the second zone by a shoulder and is bounded by a skirt 106 wall. The diameter of the third area is such that the skirt 106 covers the cylindrical extreme edge of the male leaf 103 .

Latch 104 is made up of a central cylindrical part 115, and central part 115 separates a centering rod 114 and a guide tail 113, and centering rod 114 and guide tail 113 both are cylindrical; A second shoulder 117 is defined, and a stop surface 118 is defined with the guide tail 113 . The diameter of the centering rod 114 is substantially equal to the diameter of the first region of the chamber 108 and the diameter of the central portion 115 is substantially equal to the diameter of the second region of the chamber 108 .

The male leaf 103 consists of a cylindrical body 119 on which a threaded rod 124 is fixed radially, the body being penetrated by a hole 120 which is divided into two regions 122 and 123 of different diameters, which are formed by a first Three shoulders 121 are separated from each other: this third shoulder 121 limits the travel of the central portion 115 of the latch 104 . A spring 130 is arranged in the hole 120 around the guide tail 113 between the stop surface 118 of the bolt 104 and the bottom of the hole; the spring 130 is mounted in a cylindrical ring, between the guide tail 113 and the wall of the hole 120; The coil is adapted to be substantially flat and welded to the stop surface 118 by three-point welding. In the exemplary embodiment shown, a decorative element 129 is screwed onto the end facing the outside of the hole 120 ; the hole bottom, on which the spring 130 bears, is formed by a surface 131 of the decorative element 129 . The chamber 108 is also closed at its outwardly facing end by a decorative element 128 identical to the decorative element 129 .

The operation of hinge 101 is as follows. When the weight of the movable plate is applied on the female leaf 102, the spring 130 exerts a pushing force on the latch 104 through the stop surface 118, so that the latch leaves the hole 120 of the male leaf 103. The shoulder 117 of the latch 104 cooperates with the shoulder 112 of the female leaf 102 . Therefore, the female leaf 102 breaks away from the male leaf 103, causing the movable plate to rise until the force exerted by the movable plate on the shoulder 117 of the latch 104 through the shoulder 112 of the female leaf 102 is the same as that exerted on the shoulder 117 of the latch 104 by the spring 130 through the stop surface 118. The forces on the pin 104 are balanced.

Figure 3 shows a hinge 201 of the invention in another embodiment. In this embodiment, the female leaf 202, the male leaf 203, and the latch 204 are substantially the same as those shown in FIG. 2; therefore, all corresponding components are designated with the same reference numerals as in FIG. 2, plus 100. The only difference is that, on the one hand, the threaded rods 124 and 107 fixed respectively to the door and window frames and to the movable plate are replaced by plates 224 and 207 parallel to the axis of the female and male leaves, which are provided with holes 232 allowing the The hinge is screwed on the fixed door and window frame and the movable plate. On the other hand, the decorative parts 128 and 129 shown in FIG. 2 are replaced by a simple lubricating cover. The hinges can be lubricated by removing trims 128, 129 and covers 228, 229.

The operation of the hinge 201 is the same as that of the hinge 101 .

In order to rotationally fix a movable panel to a fixed door and window frame, it is preferable to use a screw adjustable hinge 1 as shown in FIG. 1 and several elastic adjustable hinges as shown in FIG. 2 or 3 . The screw-adjustable hinge is preferably fixed at the center of the movable plate, and the hinge of the present invention is arranged equidistantly up and down. Like this, avoid the weight of movable plate only to be supported on the screw adjustable hinge shown in Figure 1, the effect of the spring in the hinge of the present invention can make the weight of movable plate distribute on all hinges.

Fig. 4 shows a door assembly, the door frame of which is composed of two vertical side columns 301, 302 and a horizontal beam 303 connecting the two side columns. The door frame is matched with a door 304, and the door 304 is supported on the side post 302 by three hinges 305, 306, one hinge 305 is the hinge shown in Figure 1, and the other two hinges 306 are the hinges shown in Figure 3 hinge. Fig. 5 is a horizontal sectional view of one side post of the door frame of the door assembly in the first embodiment, and Fig. 6 is a similar sectional view of the second embodiment.

As shown in Fig. 5, each side post 301, 302 and cross beam 303 of the door frame shown in Fig. 4 are formed by two components; Fig. 5 only shows the structure of side post 301 formed by two side post members 301a and 301b. The side post members 301a, 301b are identical and arranged symmetrically with respect to the central vertical plane of the door assembly.

Member 301a has two parallel surfaces 310a and 311a. The side facing the inside of the door frame connecting the two parallel surfaces 310a and 311a has a side groove 312 having a shoulder 313 with a recess formed from the side opposite the side groove 312 in the thickness of the shoulder. Groove 314. The side slot 312 is adapted to receive a door 391 , which is shown in phantom in FIG. 5 . The other side of the side column member connecting the parallel surfaces 310a and 311a adjoins the partition 390 and is provided with a side groove 315, wherein the edge connecting the parallel surfaces 311a, 311b is provided with a neck 316. Holes 317 are drilled at regular intervals in the surface 310a for passing screws 318 to assemble the two side column members 301a and 301b.

The member 301b also has two parallel surfaces 310b and 311b, the surface 311b of the member 301b is adapted to be arranged opposite to the surface 311a of the member 301a after assembly. The surface 311b has holes which are arranged opposite the holes 317 of the side post 301a after assembly to receive the threaded ends of the screws 318 . One side of the member 301b connecting the parallel surfaces 310a and 311b and adjacent to the partition 390 has a neck and a side groove whose cross-section is respectively the same as the neck 316 and the side groove 315, and the neck and the side groove are opposite to each other. The joining surfaces of the two members 301a and 301b are symmetrical to the neck 316 and the side groove 315, respectively. The side of member 301b facing inwardly of the door frame and joining surfaces 310b and 311b is provided with a profiled trim 322 and a recess 323 complementary to recess 314 of member 301a.

When assembled, grooves 323 and 314 receive a tongue 324 covering the mating surface.

Such a door frame can especially be used for partitions with a thickness greater than 50 mm. This door frame is also suitable for restoration work where partitions or wall thicknesses vary widely. In this case, it is only necessary to configure the appropriate width of the tongue 324 to cover the joint surface, the side grooves 312 and 322 bear on the bare part of the partition or wall after repair, and of course the screw 318 has a corresponding length.

Fig. 6 shows side posts and beams of the door frame shown in Fig. 4 in another embodiment. The side columns are secured to the beams by double fork joints with glued and pinned joints.

The side column 301 is made of three wooden pieces 350 , 351 , 352 . The wooden part 351 has a T-shaped cross-section and has two tongues 353 and 354 corresponding to the T-shaped crossbar. Wooden piece 352 has a flat surface 355 with a groove 356 thereon. The tongue 354 of the wooden part 351 is embedded and glued in the groove 356 . A portion of the flat surface 355 along the inside of the door frame outside the groove 356 is also glued on one flat surface of the wooden piece 351 in the portion forming the T-shaped web. Wooden pieces 351 and 352 define a side slot 357 for receiving a door 392, shown in phantom in FIG. 6 .

The wooden part 350 is similar to the wooden part 352 except that it is connected to the web of the T-shaped wooden part 351 by a molding trim 358 . The wooden pieces 350 and 352 are provided with side grooves 359 and 360, respectively, between which the respective ends of a partition 361 having a veneer 361a are inserted.

Claims (17)

1. A hinge (101,201) for fixing a movable panel on a fixed door and window frame, the hinge has a male leaf (103,203), a female leaf (102,202) and a cylindrical pin (104,204), the The male page has a fixing part (124, 224) fixed on the door and window frame, and has an axial cylindrical hole (120, 220) opened at least at one end thereof, and the female page has a fixing part (107, 207) fixed on the movable plate , having an axially cylindrical cavity (108, 208) open at least at one end thereof, a first shoulder (112, 212) is arranged in said cavity (108, 208), said latch causes the female leaf (102, 202) to rotate Connected to the male page (103, 203), one end of the pin (104, 204) is arranged in the hole of the male page, and the other end is arranged in the cavity of the female page, and the pin can be connected with the first shoulder (112, 212) in the cavity of the female page To cooperate, it is characterized in that the hole (120,220) of the male leaf (103,203) has an elastic piece (130,230) that exerts a force on the bolt (104,204), when the elastic piece is compressed, the thrust can balance the weight of the movable plate , applied on the pin (104, 204) by the female leaf (102, 202). 2. Hinge according to claim 1, characterized in that the elastic member is a spring (130, 230). 3. Hinge according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the pin (104, 204) has a shoulder (117, 217), which is called a second shoulder and can be compared with the first shoulder in the female cavity. (112,212), the second shoulder (117,217) separates a cylindrical central portion (115,215) from a smaller diameter centering rod (114,214) on the pin (104,204), the cylindrical central portion Partially inserted into the hole (120, 220) of the male leaf, said centering rod is completely arranged in the cavity (108, 208) of the female leaf when the first shoulder (112, 212) bears on the second shoulder (117, 217). 4. 3. A hinge according to claim 3, characterized in that the diameter of the centering rod (114, 214) is substantially equal to the diameter of the first region of the female leaf chamber in which it is mounted. 5. Hinge according to claim 4, characterized in that the diameter of the central part (115, 215) of the pin (104, 204) is substantially equal to the inner part of the second region separated from said first region by the first shoulder (112, 212) The diameter of the chamber. 6. Hinge according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the bolt (104, 204) has a guide tail (113, 213) on the side of its central part where the centering rod (114, 214) is not present. 7. The hinge according to claim 6, characterized in that the guide tail (113, 213) is cylindrical, and its diameter is smaller than the diameter of the central part (115, 215) of the bolt (104, 204). 8. Hinge according to claim 5, characterized in that the chamber (108, 208) has a third area, the diameter of which is greater than the diameter of the second area, said third area is defined inside a skirt (106, 206), the The skirt overlies adjacent terminal ends of the male leaf (103, 203) when the elastic member (130, 230) is compressed. 9. The hinge according to claim 8, characterized in that the terminal end of the male leaf (103, 203) is externally cylindrical, and the diameter of the third region of the chamber (108, 208) is substantially equal to the outer diameter of the terminal end of the male leaf. 10. Hinge according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the hole (120, 220) of the male leaf comprises two continuous areas, a first area receiving the central part (115, 215) of the pin (104, 204) and a diameter A second, smaller area, the two areas are separated by a shoulder called a third shoulder (121, 221). 11. The hinge according to claims 2, 6 and 10, wherein the elastic member is a helical spring (130, 230), characterized in that the diameter of the second area of the hole (120, 220) is larger than the diameter of the guide tail (113, 213), so that The spring is between said guide tail and the wall of the second region of the hole (120, 220). 12. Application of at least one hinge (101, 201) according to one of claims 1 to 11, for cooperating with at least one screw-adjustable hinge (1), so that a movable plate is rotatably mounted on a fixed door and window frame , the screw-adjustable hinge has a male leaf (3), a female leaf (2) and a cylindrical pin (4), the male leaf has a fixing part (24) fixed on the door and window frame, and has An axial cylindrical hole (20) open at least at one end thereof, said female leaf has a fixed piece (7) fixed on the movable plate, with an axial cylindrical cavity (8) open at both ends thereof ), a first shoulder (12) is arranged in the chamber (8), the pin makes the female page (2) rotatably connected to the male page (3), and one end of the pin (4) is arranged on the male page In the hole of the page, the other end is arranged in the cavity of the female page, and the bolt can cooperate with the first shoulder (12) in the cavity of the female page, and the hole (20) of the male page (3) has threads, and the same as the bolt A rod (14) of (4) is provided with a thread that cooperates, and the latch portion opposite to the rod (14) has an adjustment member (16) at the end, which can be operated from the outside at one end of the chamber (8) . 13. A door assembly, which has a fixed door frame, a movable plate and at least two hinges for rotatably connecting the door frame and the movable plate, characterized in that at least one of these hinges is one of claims 1 to 11 said hinges (101, 201, 306). 14. The door assembly according to claim 13, characterized in that at least one other hinge is a screw-adjustable hinge (1), and the screw-adjustable hinge has a male leaf (3), a female leaf (2 ) and a cylindrical bolt (4), the male page has a fixing piece (24) fixed on the door and window frame, has an axial cylindrical hole (20) at least one end of which is open, and the female page has The fixing part (7) fixed on the movable plate has an axial cylindrical cavity (8) open at both ends thereof, a first shoulder (12) is arranged in said cavity (8), The pin makes the female leaf (2) rotatably connected to the male leaf (3). One end of the bolt (4) is arranged in the hole of the male leaf, and the other end is arranged in the cavity of the female leaf. The latch can be connected with the female leaf. The first shoulder (12) in the chamber cooperates, and the hole (20) of male leaf (3) has thread, cooperates with the screw thread that a rod (14) of latch (4) has, and rod (14) The opposite latch portion has an adjustment member (16) at the end, accessible from the outside from one end of the chamber (8). 15. The door assembly according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the door frame is composed of three components, namely two side columns (301, 302) and a beam (303) with the same front section, the three components Each of the components consists of three assemblies, the first assembly (324; 351) forming a divider arranged between the other two assemblies (301a, 301b; 350, 352), the other two assemblies The fittings each have a flat surface provided with a groove (314, 323; 356) into which a separator is inserted. 16. Door combination according to claim 15, characterized in that the partition (351) has a T-shaped frontal section so as to have a web and a crossbar, the ends of which form tongues (353, 354) mounted to the other two In the groove (356) of a fitting (350,352), their assembly all is glue joint assembly. 17. According to the described door assembly of claim 15, the door frame can be mounted on partitions of different thicknesses, wherein the partition is a tongue (324), the width of which is selected according to the thickness of the partition (390), The other two assemblies (301a, 301b) are fastened to both sides of the bulkhead (390) and divider (324) with screws (318).

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