CN1276034A - Kit for building self-supporting false roof of sloping roof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a kit (10) for a self-supporting false roof (12) of a sloping roof, comprising flat load-bearing elements (38) to be laid out in the direction ridgeboard-gutter. In order to build a false roof, either for a new building or for restoring old buildings without modifying the internal structure of the roof space by tie rods or similar element, and offer the greatest freedom of layout for the walls on the side of the raising plate, it is suggested that the kit (10) should contain an inferior purlin element (34, 36) to be laid out in the gutter area, on which said flat load-bearing elements (38) can take their bearing, as well as gable elements (14, 16) designed according to the shape of the roof built with said kit (10), and that the inferior purlin element (34, 36) be unsupported and connected by its ends to said gable elements (14, 16) so as to enable the total load of the roof to be transferred to the building (40) by the gable elements (14, 16).

Description

The composite member that pitched roof is used from supporting type roof polycrystalline substance

The present invention relates to have the plate shaped supporting member that can lay along ridge-eaves direction, the composite member that is applicable to pitched roof from supporting type roof polycrystalline substance.

In order to enlarge dwelling house, when the old-fashioned pitched roof of transformation is built, generally to remove top layer.There is the purlin part that is parallel to eaves side walls trend on an oblique top, purlin between the gable wall that corresponds to each other.In the eaves district cornice stringer member will be arranged at least, being positioned at the ridge district sometimes has a ridge stringer.Eaves field stringer member is to be bearing on the eaves side wall of building, and the ridge stringer can be bearing on the gable of building.It on stringer the rafter that is parallel to each other and moves towards along ridge one eaves direction.Be fixed with the roof lath that is parallel to the eaves trend on rafter, these laths are used for supporting pantile.

For the outdated building thing, if as the Qi Ding room only as storeroom usefulness, then when being transformed into the sitting room, just need old-fashioned roof polycrystalline substance change into one new, have larger area roof window, dormer window, bay window or a similar component.Can cause heavier load, particularly eaves side walls to the wall of building thus.Its structure often wants much weak compared with present building for outdated building, and its loading capability can not satisfy than heavy load thus.Just need improve the supporting capacity of eaves side wall in this case by additional supportive device or by widening to lay bricks.Owing to when tearing down and building the room, top of outdated building, expend a large amount of man-hours, therefore often need a very big expense.

Know that by carrying in the DE3421107A1 patent a kind of gable roof that is made of module is arranged, plate shaped supporting member can be arranged towards the ridge both sides in this kind roof, and this supporting member has constituted deck.A supporting member has a cover plate at least, is positioned at its downside and is furnished with rafter along ridge one eaves direction.The termination environment that the rafter of two supporting members that correspond to each other is positioned at their ridge limits connects in the movable joint mode mutually, forms a roof polycrystalline substance that can cover jointly thus.This roof polycrystalline substance is to be located on the eaves side wall of building in the end of the eaves side of rafter.This moment, the outside also had the horizontal direction active force except the active force of vertical direction according to the roof gradient.For offset by the level of directive effect power, the rafter that is positioned at the mutual correspondence of the supporting member on the end of eaves side is connected with each other by tie-rod.This tie-rod is horizontally through the chamber, top.

Task of the present invention is, designs a kind of composite member that is applicable to the following square structure of pitched roof.The roof polycrystalline substance of using this composite member manufacturing both had been applicable to new building, also was applicable to the trimming of outdated building.Be unlikely the internal construction that has influence on attic because of tie-rod or similarity piece, and concerning the house owner, the planform of the eaves side wall of its building is constituted have big as far as possible degree of freedom.

According to the present invention is this task that solves like this: composite member has at least one to be positioned at cornice stringer member and the gable spare that lays in the eaves district, plate shaped supporting member can be bearing on this cornice stringer member, and the shape that gable spare constituted will adapt with the roof shape that produces with composite member; Its cornice stringer member constitutes the free support mode and its end is connected with gable spare, and like this, all roof loads just can be delivered on the building by gable spare.

The shape of the gable spare of composite member adapts with the roof shape that adopts the composite member manufacturing.For a simple saddle type roof, gable spare (for example) can be made the stringer that is seen as the triangle finished parts from the front.In order to alleviate the transportation of the very big stringer spare of heavy and body, gable spare can be combined by single part.Gable spare can have window, for example has a triangle gable window that area is bigger.According to the layout and the number of window, the gable member can be made in professional factory.The gable member also can be constructed its shape like this: for example for a modular pentroof or a roof of rolling over formula again, design of section shape in advance.

When mounted, when for example being installed on vertical single row type the framework of a house, can install to gable spare on the partition wall in each house of vertical single row type, so just can save the stone-laying of gable.Also similar this kind situation when repairing old-fashioned house, because the partition wall that is positioned at abutting building mostly is fire wall, its intensity is higher than the wall of eaves side usually.Gable spare can be fixed by crab-bolt or angle steel respectively, is reinforced by the purlin part more thereafter.

Cornice stringer member is structure like this: it want to prop up the self-supporting supporting member cause, along the component effect of the lateral force of eaves directive effect.These power are connected by cornice stringer member and gable spare, are delivered on the relevant gable spare.At this moment, the vertical stress component that is equivalent to roof gravity is delivered among the gable wall by gable spare.Like this, the eaves abutment wall wall of building just has not been subjected to from the load on roof.In this case, for example the eaves abutment wall wall of building just can be made the glass face wall fully.Equally, horizontal component also is to be born by gable spare, also can save common tie-rod thus.

The ridge end that supporting member is positioned at them connects in the folding mode, therefore, between the gable member, only lays cornice stringer member in the eaves zone, is used for supporting supporting member, and is then enough.If at least additionally having one, composite member is positioned at ridge district, parallel that lay with ridge and have a ridge purlin part that can be connected with gable spare, can fix plate shape supporting member on the part of ridge purlin, then this disconnected supporting member is good relatively.This situation of mentioning later, the ridge side end of supporting member are that the purpose for mitered is provided with.Like this, the supporting member that is positioned at the ridge district just can dock each other.Another kind of situation is, is positioned at the ridge element that the wedge shape of a cross section can be laid by the ridge district, and this part can interconnect with supporting member and can seal slit therebetween.The ridge element can constitute the support member of the ridge pantile that lays simultaneously.The purlin number of packages amount of composite member and layout are generally unrestricted, and it depends on roof shape, and for example, for a modular pentroof, composite member may need four or more some more purlins part.

The purlin part of composite member can be made solid, is for example made by steel, concrete, timber or composite material.If the purlin part is made cavity body, then can make structure very light and stable good again.This structure also has attendant advantages: can lay electric, coal gas, water, waste gas or similar pipeline in the part of purlin.

Purlin part cross section can be not quite similar, and like this, just can make to be positioned at the ridge purlin part that lays in the ridge district and to make one as leg-of-mutton cross section according to the roof gradient.

But, when the cross section of purlin part is garden shape, then be of great benefit to: all supporting members that lay along ridge-eaves direction can be tangential to the purlin part all the time under different roof gradients.A kind of purlin part like this can be made as tubulose, and the hole row of the slot that tangentially distributes are arranged.Supporting member is vertical from having, from the Connection Element that its inner surface comes out, for example, bolt, these Connection Elements can be encased among the slotted hole of purlin part axis direction, can make supporting member and purlin part realize being threaded thus.

On the support of the supporting member on the part of purlin preferably places distance piece between purlin part and the support.A distance piece has a smooth upper surface that can lean against sheet-like composition element, and a bottom surface of making concave shape according to purlin part flexibility is arranged.

For fixing purlin part, gable spare have one part end, purlin can be installed, apart from the linkage of the distance at gable spare edge.

The formation of linkage is to consider from the advantage of two aspects: one, can bear around the moment of torsion of purlin part longitudinal axis.This moment of torsion is not produce owing to lateral port in the stringer member and component center along the eaves directive effect do not overlap.It two is, can make being connected between gable spare and the purlin part reach accurate cooperation all the time by linkage.Because the geometry of supporting is close-fitting with the cross section of purlin part, therefore (for example) by the shape combination just can realizable force transmission.Linkage can guarantee that to the spacing between the edge of gable spare the cornice stringer member that lays in the cornice district all the time can be unsettled on the floor cover plate of building, makes these stringer members not transmit power simultaneously.Have only when the roof is very wide, just need additional support about purlin part middle part greatly.When the roof is narrower, can not need cornice stringer member in cornice cover piece district.Like this, a gable spare only just has one section cornice stringer member in the supporting member district.In this case, the part of cornice stringer member is preferably made the short fixed cantilever of an end, and it can connect with gable spare agley.

Supporting can be made such as groove, groove or can be placed into the structure of the mouthpiece formula that gable spare inner surface gets on.A fastener can have a flange that can be installed to gable spare, and has one to be half housing that vertical angle is arranged with flange or gable, as the connection of purlin part.Half housing and purlin part can interconnect by pin.Like this, when making the roof polycrystalline substance, can fix as soon as possible.Obviously, being positioned at gable spare also will have an inner surface projection from it to engage the supporting base of shape as recess.

As supporting member, preferably be positioned at its gable spare adjacent place and be provided with framework, when the roof broad, can therebetweenly put some supporting members again.Between two supporting members, be equipped with from a plate shaped cover piece of formula.This moment, composite member had plate shaped ridge cover piece and the roof cover piece that lays between supporting member, and these cover pieces are not to place on the part of purlin, but are bearing on the supporting member.

Roof or composite member it " length " are meant that along the extension of ridge-eaves parallax direction its " width " is meant along the extension that is parallel on eaves and the ridge direction.Because roof, different length is being arranged and a width that depends on building is being arranged along ridge-eaves direction by the gradient on roof and the length of building gable side, therefore, to come a part among the sheet-like composition element is cut according to building actual conditions at that time all the time.

The width of framework preferably comes to determine like this: it is constituted a photograph frame that is similar to two ground paper base plates, two side frame constitutes an aperture, can pack in it has the cover piece of normal width, the cornice cover piece of particularly packing into, an eaves cover piece and one or more standard cover piece.

When supporting member length and the length of cornice cover piece/or the length of ridge cover piece when cooperating in case of necessity with roof length, then must process processing to the width of at least one framework, when making it be installed on the roof, its framework has a spacing each other, and this spacing is equivalent to the grid size.Best two frameworks are made same widths.Because current a lot of houses are all by the precast construction manufactured, its building size all is unified.Because this situation, its roof length is relative with supporting member length and cover piece length also just consistent.And, also can adjust owing to the outstanding not too serious scale error that causes in different roofs.

In order to make its aperture width be reduced to cover piece normal width (being preferably 3.60m) when the wide roof, then can predesignate a standard supporting member with broad of normal width.The wide whole fracture part that preferably equals a standard cover piece width of standard supporting member.The preferably long 6m of standard supporting member, wide 1.20m.Face width between the standard supporting member of 1.20m just constitutes a sub-size of grid thus.This moment, the standard supporting member (for example 90cm and 60cm) by broad can also reach compact sub-size of 30cm grid.Obviously, when cooperating the roof width, can also put into a standard supporting member as framework.

Scope of freedom length between the supporting member can be determined by the difference between the total length of supporting member length and cornice cover piece, ridge cover piece and standard cover piece (i.e. all standard cover pieces).In case of necessity in order to seal the slit of existence, can adopt adjustment cover piece with normal width and special length of fit.

Because all the other a large amount of composite membeies can create by unified size, so only as long as just can determine gable spare, purlin part and according to the framework of their width with according to its adjustment cover piece size of length according to the special size on roof.Obviously, the normal width of cornice cover piece, ridge cover piece, adjustment cover piece and standard cover piece always equates.A good standard cover piece length is 1.20m, and wide is 3.60m.Therefore, can engage each other, and a standard cover piece also can be used as eaves cover piece or the use of ridge cover piece along a plurality of standard cover pieces of ridge-eaves direction.

This just provides the advantage of making: standard supporting member, ridge cover piece, eaves cover piece and standard cover piece can create by producing in batches in a large number according to standard size.Cover piece and supporting member all can couple together by bolt each other.

A supporting member will have a carriage along ridge-eaves direction trend at least, and this carriage is wanted to make supporting member bear very high flexural strength.The special carriage that this carriage can be formed from steel perhaps, is made " worker " type section (groove being arranged at section part), so that alleviate from weight.In order not hinder supporting member attractive in appearance, carriage can be made cavity type.

Cover piece is made from supporting type, and by supporting members support.Cover piece has and is similar to the carriage that supporting member has, and in this case, its carriage is parallel to eaves and ridge direction, and can constitute very wide from the supporting type lid piece structure.

The carriage of Extension support spare and cover piece can not make the garret polycrystalline substance of inner room constitute a smooth structure face.Can form a highly lower composite member thus, thereby the inner room additional space is increased.

Principle of the present invention is, composite member has cornice stringer member, this component ends is to be bearing on the gable, and laying supporting member along ridge-eaves direction, these supporting members are made of the free support end, the roof load is delivered on the part of purlin, and can fix the roof cover piece from a formula in case of necessity on supporting member.Obviously, on the roof of a non-constant width with a plurality of standard cover piece spacings, between width section, should arrange a standard supporting member at least.

The jointing edge of member will be designed to mutual dock, and a stairstepping interface with front/rear projection be arranged, and perhaps connects with the tongue and groove mode.Between member, be provided with a sealing device, particularly weather-proof sealing device will be arranged on member top.Sealing device can be as the plasticity weather strip that separates, is preferably made by neoprene or similar material.Perhaps, filming of being made by durable plastic material is coated on the mating face of member.

In order to satisfy house-owner, can consider for example to have roof dormer window, skylight, chimney, ventilation installation, solar energy module or similar device with the standard cover piece that has roof system spare in the individual demand of removing space, room, top.Owing to be standardization all, thereby the standard cover piece of packing into originally can changed other standard cover piece with special roof system spare afterwards.For example, when removing the roof from now on, can change the standard cover piece of a closure into a standard cover piece that has skylight or dormer window.

Adopt two advantages of adjusting cover pieces to be, can change the position of the standard cover piece between eaves and the ridge, so that a dormer window is adapted in the gradient on roof and the breastwork height that standard is installed to regulation by this cover piece.A cover piece that has skylight, chimney or ventilation installation, its structure may be narrower than a standard cover piece, for example have only half of standard cover piece width, then be provided with special adjustment part, so that the chimney position in chimney position and the building is very accurately cooperated in the side.

The member of composite member can be formed by whole manufacturing of pourable material (as concrete).If member is made by natural polymerization material, light weight concrete construction or scum silica frost concrete, then can make element structure very light.

In order to reach very good sound insulation, effect of heat insulation, the flat plate-shaped member of composite member can be made many rooms shape, then covers room and the sound insulation between covering layer and/or heat insulation room and forms.Covering layer can adopt such as sawdust board or lightweight concrete slab.For sound insulation is adopted such as mineral fibers, and for sound insulation employing polyurethane foam.For the people is free from worry to the structure of roof inner room, can modify carrying out aspect towards the covering layer of roof inner room limit already through making, for example paintedly whitewash, coating or combination with decorative surfaces.

For a simple pitched roof, composite member has one and is seen as leg-of-mutton oblique gable spare from the front, and it is to lean on its base according to the roof gradient.Like this, flat cover plate just can lay to the face that is covered, promptly on the gable sidewall of building.From the top view direction, between by ridge end lead-out wire and eaves and ansa, pitched roof has a leg-of-mutton side, and its benefit is, when having the cover piece of leg-of-mutton first assembled in the composite member, then these assembling cover pieces can cover the surface between framework and the oblique gable respectively.In this case, be the framework that begins to install rectangle by the unexpected drop point in roof.

For lopsided pitched roof, composite member can have one its positive for leg-of-mutton, tiltedly gable spare and trapezoidal second adjust cover piece by a deformity that the pinnacle constituted that is the angle of inclination towards ridge, these are adjusted cover pieces and fill up plane between framework and the lopsided gable spare respectively, also will install rectangular frame being positioned at roof bust point during this structure situation.

The flat plate-shaped member upper side of composite member is equipped with the roof lath through processing.Like this, can be after installing just can push up waveform at once and watt cover above it.

If the upper side of flat plate-shaped member has the projection with the ridge runs parallel, and these projections are to arrange with the spacing of roof lath each other usually, then can be without roof lath, directly by flat plate-shaped member.

If the upper side of flat plate-shaped member has the moulding with roof pantile shape, then can saving take more work, and don't lose the interested outward appearance of the covering this people of making of pantile with the pantile covering.

The upper side of flat plate-shaped member also can be provided with path, roof material, and its covering layer can be made in advance.Preferably consider to adopt the goods that to guarantee to seal up flat roof as path, roof material.

All accompanying drawings are represented the topology example according to the best of the present invention, below will describe in detail.

These accompanying drawings are:

Fig. 1 with perspective representation, be used for complete roof polycrystalline substance double pitch roof, that produce by composite member of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the roof polycrystalline substance that adopts composite member of the present invention to make, and it is applicable to pitched roof (equally with perspective representation);

Fig. 3 is the roof polycrystalline substance (phantom drawing) that is used for lopsided pitched roof according to composite member manufacturing of the present invention;

Fig. 4 be according to composite member manufacturing of the present invention be applicable to the saddle type roof, complete roof polycrystalline substance (phantom drawing);

Fig. 5 is with junction perspective representation, broken section, between a plate shaped supporting member and a plate shaped cornice cover piece;

Fig. 6 is a ridge district, cross section according to the roof polycrystalline substance of composite member formation of the present invention; And

Fig. 7 perspective representation a gable spare, it has a linkage for using near ridge purlin part.

Fig. 1 for perspective representation, according to the semiproduct roof polycrystalline substance 12 that composite member 10 of the present invention produces, it is applicable to the saddle type roof.Roof polycrystalline substance 12 has two to be seen as leg-of-mutton gable spare 14,16 from the front, and this gable spare is a concrete precast element.Front gable spare 14 is a truss structure, and like this, it can hold one and be approximately trapezoidal large-area gable window.Relative therewith back gable spare 16 is to constitute solid gable.

Gable spare 14,16 has three grooves that begun by inner surface respectively apart from its edge, and they are used for constituting the supporting to the end 20,22,24,26,28,30 of a ridge purlin part 32 and two cornice stringer members 34,36.In gable spare 14 and 16 corner angle districts, be furnished with two supporting positions 22,24,28,30 respectively near the eaves district; And the 3rd supporting position 20 and 26 is arranged near the ridge district.The geometry at supporting position 20,22,24,26,28,30 is decided according to the transversal shape of purlin part 32,34,36 respectively.

The cross section of ridge purlin part 32 is designed to isosceles triangle according to the roof gradient.Cornice stringer member 34,36 has a trapezoidal transverse face, and its base in this cross section is the level trend, and upper side (being positioned at the below of angle of roof degree) then is the trend that tilts.

When mounted, the end of purlin part 32,34,36 is inserted into the support unit 20,26 of gable spare 14,16; 22, in 28 and 24,30.So just can form one and have from gable spare 14 to gable spare the 16 purlin parts 32,34 that are parallel to the eaves trend; The framework of 36 roof polycrystalline substance.In order to make roof polycrystalline substance 12 perfect, can be fixed on the member of the composite member 10 that constitutes the chamber end face in order on the framework that constitutes by gable spare 14,16 and purlin part 32,34,36.For a kind of like this representative of member of composite member 10, in Fig. 1, only express the rectangular flat supporting member 38 that lays along ridge-eaves direction, this supporting member, then is fixed on purlin, the bottom part 34 in the eaves side fixedly on the ridge purlin part 32 in the ridge side.

Above-mentioned roof polycrystalline substance 12 is meant the building 40 that sketch is shown in Fig. 1.Only express 42,44 and roof systems 46 that are connected with gable sidewall 42,44 of gable sidewall on two in the figure.Roof polycrystalline substance 12 is installed on the gable sidewall 42,44 of building by two gable spares 14,16, and fixes by crab-bolt with wall.The major advantage of this roof polycrystalline substance is, can bear the layer face that covers and act on the active force of cornice stringer member 34,36 from supporting member 38, and supporting position 22,28 and 24,30 is delivered to this power in the gable spare 14,16.At this moment, the horizontal component of direction is born and is balanced by gable 14,16 outwardly, therefore, is not laterally needing to pass attic 48.Vertical stress component transmits tie-rod among wall 42,44 by two gable spares 14,16, and building 40 also just can not need eaves avris supporting wall like this.

Fig. 2 be applicable to pitched roof, with the roof polycrystalline substance 212 that manufactures according to composite member 210 of the present invention of perspective representation.Except gable spare 14, this roof polycrystalline substance 212 structure with shown in Figure 1 basically is suitable.The oblique gable spare 214 in front is positioned at positive for spandrel frame formula finished parts, can arrange a gable window approximate trapezoid, large-area at this.Be installed in the base of the oblique gable spare 214 on the building 240 preceding sidewalls 242, the gradient that has a definite gable to tilt.Cornice stringer member 234,236 is at the end regions of the support unit 222,224 of the oblique gable spare 214 of being encased in of they, relatively than lacking and tilting.Equally, ridge material 232 is in they ends in the face of oblique gable spare 214, also relatively than lacking and also tilting.Because pitched roof position between oblique line 250 that is come out by ridge and gable line 252 need cover a planar delta, so, the composite member 210 of a pitched roof has first assembling cover piece 254 of a triangular section flat board, and first an assembling cover piece picture frame type, that be adapted to other half roof is arranged.

Fig. 3 is suitable for lopsided pitched roof according to the made roof polycrystalline substance 312 of composite member of the present invention 310 for perspective representation.This roof polycrystalline substance 312 is equivalent to structure shown in Figure 1 basically except gable spare 14.The deformity that constitutes subtriangular front in the front tiltedly gable spare 314 is to be placed on the front gable side wall 342 of building 340 with its base.At this moment, the deformity that is furnished with a gable window tiltedly the bottom zone of gable 314 all be in the vertical plane with front wall 342.Constitute the pinnacle that an angle is arranged towards ridge with the upper area of the oblique gable spare 314 of the corresponding deformity in bottom.Cornice stringer member 334,336 all has identical length as the cornice stringer member 34,36 that Fig. 1 described.Ridge purlin part 332 is positioned at relative to lacking a little and tilting towards the end of the oblique gable spare 314 of deformity.Bring out formed trapezoidal faces between next oblique line 350 and the gable line 352 in order to cover by ridge, second assembling cover piece 354 and second of a picture frame type that do not show in the drawings, that use for other half roof that composite member 310 has a plate shaped section that adapts therewith assemble cover piece.

Fig. 4 is the complete roof polycrystalline substance that perspective representation is applicable to a saddle type roof, produces according to composite member 410 of the present invention.This composite member 410 (as shown in Figure 1) has 414,416 and three purlin parts of two gable spares.Additional in addition have the plate shaped ridge cover piece of two rectangular flat shape frameworks 438 and 439,456, a plate shaped cornice cover piece 458 and a plate shaped standard cover piece 460 that has roof system spare 464, is to have the roof dormer window herein.

Because the roof size is determined by the roof gradient and the size of building 440, so the width on framework 438,439 processing limits should be made like this: the width between the deck 463 that is covered will equal the normal width of standard cover piece 460.The length of ridge cover piece 456 will constitute like this: this length will equal the length of framework 438,439 and the difference between eaves cover piece 458 total lengths is added standard cover piece 460 length.Framework 438,439 can be close to gable spare 414 adjacencies each other and lay along ridge-eaves direction, and they are fixed on the part of purlin.

Fig. 5 is the plate shaped supporting member 538 represented according to broken section and the junction between the plate shaped eaves cover piece 558.

Supporting member 538 is by three multilayer architecture spares that level is formed, and it is gone up cap rock 566, bottom layer 568 and 533 common combinations of the isolation layer between them by one and forms.Last cap rock 566 is connected to one another by support bar with following cap rock 568.For support bar, only express the support member 570 that certain supporting member 538 of formation vertically connects and composes, because this is the special character of support bar structure.Support member 570 is by two parallel wooden rafter 572,574 be combined intos, and these two wooden rafters are positioned at vertical limit that they put each other a dark groove 576 and 578.The dark groove 576,578 of wood rafter 572,574 constitutes a chamber, and steel-support beam 580 places this chamber.Steel-support beam 580 is made " worker " shape, and for weight reduction, its web has circular orifices 582.Towards outer wooden rafter 574 have one by its base to the vertical projection 584 in eaves cover piece 558 extended bottoms, this projection is approximately half of wooden rafter height.The upside that is positioned at vertical projection 584 of bottom is equipped with a band 586 of being made by neoprene.

Equally, eaves cover piece 558 has one to go up cap rock 588 and a following cap rock 590, and these cap rocks are joined to one another with certain spacing by the support member along ridge-eaves direction trend.Between them, be furnished with isolation layer 535.The support member 592 that constitutes the connection of vertical limit eaves cover piece 558 have one 558 that extend to supporting member, come out by its top above vertical projection 594, it highly approximately is the supporting member height half, and the vertical projection in the bottom of this projection and supporting member 538 is formed a ladder-type structure.

Fig. 6 is the ridge district of the roof polycrystalline substance 612 represented with the cross section, constituted according to composite member 610 of the present invention.Ridge purlin part 632 is made the circular hollow shape, and its external surface constitutes a bearing surface 611, is used for laying the supporting member 638,639 of ridge both sides.Ridge purlin part 632 has two row slotted holes 613,615, and they each other approximately become 90 ° of ground to arrange at circumferencial direction.Supporting member 638,639, places on the ridge purlin part 632 by connecting in the middle of the bottom interval element 617,618 by the end of their ridge side.Bolt 621,623 passes supporting member 638,639, spacer element 617,619 and slotted hole 613 and 615, and enters within the hollow profile of ridge purlin part 632 always.The free end of bolt 621,623 is screwed with nut 623 and 631, supporting member 638,639 and ridge purlin part 632 is reached be fastenedly connected.Circular hole 625,627 corresponds respectively to slotted hole 613 and 615, so that install and fastening nut.The aperture size of circular hole should be able to make box spanner insert into the inner.

Supporting member 638,639 has 666,667 and lower caldding layers 668 and 669 of a upper caldding layer, and they are joined to one another at a certain distance by the support member of arranging along the ridge direction.Between covering layer 666,667,668,669, be sound-insulating and heat-insulating layer 633 and 635.

Fig. 7 is the gable spare 714 of perspective representation, and it has a linkage 720, is used for connecting an overhang bracket spare towards ridge purlin part 732.Be positioned on the gable spare 714, the linkage 720 that certain distance is held on a vertical limit with it be housed in its pinnacle district of ridge side.Linkage is made the form of structure on the inner surface 737 that can be installed to gable spare 732.This linkage is installed on the gable spare 714 by bolt by a flange 739.Linkage has a circle half shell 741, and vertical with gable spare, and making the cross section is that circular purlin part 732 can be put within this half shell.In order to prevent rotation, ridge purlin part 732 has individual convex shoulder (this convex shoulder protrudes in half shell face) in its end that can put into half housing 741.Can only see the convex shoulder at position, front among Fig. 7.Purlin part 732 is the top edges that are supported on half housing 741 by its convex shoulder 743.

Claims (15)

1. one kind is applicable to that pitched roof is from the composite member (10) that props up formula roof polycrystalline substance (12), has the plate shaped supporting member (38) that lays along ridge-eaves direction, it is characterized in that, composite member (10) has a cornice purlin part member (34 that can lay along the eaves district at least, 36) and gable spare (14,16), plate shaped supporting member (38) is bearing on this member, and the shape of this gable spare is according to being decided by the produced roof shape of composite member (10); Cornice purlin part member (34,36) can constitute free support and connect with gable spare (14,16) in its end, and like this, the total load on roof can pass through gable spare (14,16) and be delivered on the building (40).

2. according to the composite member of claim 1, it is characterized in that this composite member has an additional ridge purlin part (32) that is positioned at ridge district parallel lay-up, the ridge side of plate shaped supporting member (38) is fixed on this purlin part.

3. according to the composite member of claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that purlin part (32,34,36,632) is made hollow.

4. according to each composite member in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, only be provided with one section cornice purlin part member (34,36) in a supporting member (38) zone.

5. according to each composite member among the claim 1-4, it is characterized in that gable spare (14,16) has linkage (20,22,24 and 26,28,30) apart from its edge, is used for connecting the end of purlin part (32,34,36).

6. according to the composite member of claim 5, it is characterized in that the linkage (20,22,24 on gable (14 and 16); 26,28,30) to realize that form fit connects with purlin part (32,34,36), for example make groove, groove or make counterpart on the inner surface that can be installed to gable spare (14 and 16).

7. according to each composite member among the claim 1-6, it is characterized in that, composite member to respectively have at least one be positioned between the supporting member (38,438,439), be parallel to a plate shaped supporting cover piece (458) and a ridge cover piece (456) that eaves and ridge lay.

8. according to the composite member of claim 7, it is characterized in that, supporting member (438,439) width is to determine like this: it will constitute a frame that an aperture is arranged, its width and size of mesh opening adapt, and like this, have the plate female cap spare (456 of normal width, 458,460) in just can being installed on.

9. according to the composite member of claim 8, it is characterized in that plate shaped cover piece (460) has a roof system spare, such as a solar energy module, a roof dormer window (464), a femerell, chimney or similar structures.

10. according to each composite member among the claim 1-9, it is characterized in that, for a pitched roof, gable spare is made oblique gable (214), see that from the front it is a triangle, there is a slope that constitutes according to the roof gradient on the base that is positioned at it, like this, just can cover a tiling plate on the relevant position of building (240), promptly on the wall of building (242).

11. the composite member according to claim 10 is characterized in that, this composite member is applicable to that the pitched roof section is leg-of-mutton plate shaped first assembling cover piece (254).

12. according to each composite member among the claim 1-9, it is characterized in that, for a lopsided pitched roof, gable spare is made lopsided oblique top gable spare (314), see that from the front it is about triangle, pinnacle towards ridge inclination drift angle is arranged, and composite member has trapezoidal second assembling cover piece (354), this cover piece covers respectively and is positioned at limit portion and props up plane between part and the oblique gable spare (314) of deformity.

13. according to each composite member among the claim 1-12, it is characterized in that its flat plate-shaped member (438,439,456,458,460) has the projection parallel with ridge at upper side, this projection is arranged with the spacing of roof lath as common.

14., it is characterized in that the upper side of flat plate-shaped member (438,439,456,458,460) is to make shape according to the shape of roof pantile according to each composite member among the claim 1-12.

15., it is characterized in that its flat plate-shaped member (538,558) is from the cover piece (566,568 and 588,590) of a formula and sound insulation, an isolation layer (533,535) that places interlayer is arranged according to each composite member among the claim 1-14.

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