CN1273004C - Method for producing hedgehog fungus and special culture medium thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for producing Hericium erinaceus and a special culture medium thereof. The Hericium erinaceus liquid culture medium provided by the present invention comprises the following components: corn flour, 3-7g/L; bean cake powder, 3-7g/L; bran, 3-7g/L; potato, 30 -50g/L; KH ₂ PO ₄ , 2-4g/L; MgSO ₄ , 0.5-1.5g/L; vitamin B1, 0.1-0.5g/L; yeast powder, 1-3g/L; CaCO ₃ , 5g/L L; tea extract, 30-50mL; sucrose, 15-20g/L; water, 1000mL; pH, 6.0-6.2. The strain of Hericium erinaceus is inserted into liquid medium of Hericium erinaceus, and the fruiting bodies of Hericium erinaceus are obtained through cultivation. The method of the invention is low in cost, simple in process, convenient in management, saves manpower and material resources, does not need wood, waste residue can be used as feed or fertilizer, reduces environmental pollution, and has broad industrial prospects.

Description

A method for producing Hericium erinaceus and its special medium

technical field

The invention relates to a method for producing edible mushrooms and a special culture medium thereof, in particular to a method for producing Hericium erinaceus and a special culture medium thereof.

Background technique

At present, edible fungus has been a common item on people's daily dining tables, and there are many types of edible fungi cultivated artificially on the market. But, the required substratum of the edible fungus of artificial cultivation needs a large amount of wood. In Fujian, Jiangxi and other places where mushrooms are produced in my country, a large number of edible fungi are cultivated, and the forests have been seriously damaged, and the damage is still continuing.

Hericium erinaceus (Hericium erinaceus), basidiocarp block, 5-10 cm in diameter. Fruiting body fleshy, white when fresh, light brown when dry. Hericium erinaceus is wild in oak trees, oak trees, walnut trees, etc., and can be parasitic, saprophytic and semi-saprophytic. Hericium erinaceus is named for its shape similar to Hericium erinaceus. It is a precious wild edible fungus. It is also known as the four famous dishes together with bird's nest, shark's fin and sea cucumber. Hericium erinaceus is not only a delicious food, but also a health food that is recognized as having obvious anti-tumor and improving body immune functions.

The conventional culture method of Hericium erinaceus is a solid culture method, which is generally packed in plastic bags, and a certain amount of sawdust is required in the culture medium.

Invention content

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for producing Hericium erinaceus by liquid culture and its special culture medium.

Hericium erinaceus liquid culture medium provided by the present invention is basically made up of the component of following content:

Corn flour 3-7g/L

Bean cake powder 3-7g/L

Bran 3-7g/L

Potato 30-50g/L

KH ₂ PO ₄ 2-4g/L

MgSO ₄ 0.5-1.5g/L

Vitamin _B1 0.1-0.5g/L

Yeast powder 1-3g/L

CaCO ₃ 5g/L

Tea Extract 30-50mL

Sucrose 15-20g/L

Water 1000mL

pH 6.0-6.2

Wherein, the preferred formula of this Hericium erinaceus liquid culture medium is:

Corn flour 5g/L

Bean cake powder 5g/L

Bran 5g/L

Potato 50g/L

KH ₂ PO ₄ 3g/L

MgSO ₄ 1g/L

Vitamin _B1 0.1g/L

Yeast powder 2g/L

CaCO ₃ 5g/L

Tea Extract 50mL

Sucrose 20g/L

Water 1000mL

pH 6.0-6.2

The method for producing Hericium erinaceus provided by the present invention is to insert Hericium erinaceus bacterial strains into the liquid culture medium of Hericium erinaceus, and obtain fruiting bodies of Hericium erinaceus through cultivation.

The strain of Hericium erinaceus can be a primary strain, a secondary liquid shake flask strain or a seed tank culture strain, preferably a seed tank culture strain. The strain of Hericium erinaceus is inserted into the liquid culture medium of Hericium erinaceus, and cultured statically at 28-30° C. to obtain fruiting bodies of Hericium erinaceus.

In this method, non-toxic plastic or glass bottle containers can be used to hold the liquid culture medium of Hericium erinaceus.

In general, when other methods are used to cultivate edible fungi, the cultivation temperature needs to be lowered during the growth of the fruiting body. However, this method can always cultivate Hericium erinaceus at high temperature or even 30°C, and the fruiting body still grows well, which is suitable for high-temperature cultivation in summer.

The method of the invention can be used for large-scale production of Hericium erinaceus, the main raw material is grain processing by-products as the substrate, no need to add sawdust, no wood crushing and disinfection process, and a large amount of wood and labor can be saved.

The method of the present invention produces mushrooms quickly, and it takes 30-40 days to produce a batch of mushrooms if calculated from the first-grade strains. If the production line is used, there is no need for the previous process of shaking the flask, and a part of the fermentation liquid is directly taken from the fermenter as the strain, and there is no need for a long time for mycelial growth. As long as the conditions are well controlled, a batch of mushrooms can be produced in only 20 days. It can be cultivated continuously and can be produced all year round. The adopted non-toxic plastic or glass bottle container is convenient to place, can be reused many times, is convenient to be sterilized, and can be produced industrially.

The method of the invention has low cost, simple process, convenient management, saves manpower and material resources, does not need wood, waste residue can be used as feed or fertilizer, and reduces environmental pollution. At present, Hericium erinaceus, especially fresh Hericium erinaceus has great market potential and broad industrial prospects.

Detailed ways

Embodiment 1, the production of Hericium erinaceus

The production process of Hericium erinaceus includes the following steps:

1. Strain isolation

(1) Strains

The strain (mother species) is fresh Hericium erinaceus available in the market.

(2) culture medium

The strain isolation medium is a conventional potato medium, and its specific components and contents are as follows:

Potatoes 200g/L

KH ₂ PO ₄ 3g/L

MgSO ₄ 1g/L

Vitamin _B1 0.5g/L

Sucrose 20g/L

Calcium carbonate 1g/L

Agar 10g/L

Water 1000mL

pH 6.0-6.2

The above-mentioned conventional potato culture medium was made into a solid culture medium for slant test tubes. Wherein, the potato processing process is to boil the potatoes of the above weight, peel them, chop them, add water and mash them, take juice, and add them to the culture solution.

(3) Separation of strains

Clean the surface of fresh Hericium erinaceus, break it apart by hand under the aseptic condition of the ultra-clean workbench, and use sterile tweezers to take a pea-sized tissue piece from the center of Hericium erinaceus and put it into a test tube containing potato medium. The inoculated test tubes were incubated in an incubator at a constant temperature of 30°C. After about 48 hours, white hyphae grew around the tissue block. When the mycelium grows to about 1 cm, the tip of the mycelium (together with part of the culture medium) is transferred to a new test tube culture medium. Repeated subculture and transfer for 3 times is the strain domestication stage. In this way, the growth of mycelia will be accelerated during reproduction, and the first-grade strains will be obtained, which will be stored in a refrigerator at 4°C for later use.

2. Activation of strains

The preserved primary strains are activated 2-3 times with the above-mentioned conventional potato culture based on 30°C culture, each time requiring 5-7 days for mycelia to grow.

3. Expansion and cultivation of strains

Transfer the first-grade strains into a 250ml Erlenmeyer flask filled with 100mL liquid potato juice medium (conventional potato medium without agar), cultivate it at 30°C and 120 rpm for 3 days, and the liquid medium in the shaker flask is overgrown. Mycelium balls to obtain secondary strains.

4. Hericium erinaceus cultivation

(1) Fermentation medium

The composition of the fermentation medium is as follows: (g‰)

Corn Flour 5

Bean cake powder 5

Bran 5

Potatoes 50

KH ₂ PO ₄ 3

MgSO ₄ 1

Vitamin _B1 0.1-0.5

Yeast powder 1

CaCO ₃ 5

Tea Extract 50mL

Sucrose 20

Water 1000mL

pH 6.0-6.2

Wherein, the preparation process of the tea extract is as follows: take 1 gram of ordinary green tea and add 50 ml of hot water at 60-80° C., soak for 30 minutes, and then filter, and the obtained filtrate is the tea extract. Theophylline makes mycelia grow fast and strong.

Potato processing is boiled, peeled, mashed with water, and added to a liquid medium.

With the inoculum of 8-10%, the secondary bacterial classification in the shaking flask is transferred to a seed tank of 50 liters in volume, 28 ° C, 150 rpm for 3 days and then transferred to a 1-2 ton fermenter, at 28 ° C, 150 rev/min, after culturing for 3 days, put them into sterile plastic bottles, cover them well, and all the processes are carried out under aseptic conditions. The volume of the plastic bottle is about 1 liter, and the diameter of the bottle mouth is 8-10 cm. The volume of the mycelia fermentation liquid is 1/3 of the volume of the plastic bottle. The container cover is made of air-permeable paper, which is placed in a culture room and placed in multiple layers on a culture rack. Keep the air fresh and weak natural light indoors. Keep the room temperature at 28-30°C. After 10 days, white spherical small fruiting bodies appear on the liquid surface, and Hericium erinaceus fruiting bodies grow on the bottle wall in about 20 days and can be harvested.

Claims (6)

1, a kind of Hericium erinaceus liquid nutrient medium, form by the component of following content basically:

Corn flour 3-7g/L

Soybean cake powder 3-7g/L

Wheat bran 3-7g/L

Potato 30-50g/L

KH ₂PO ₄ 2-4g/L

MgSO ₄ 0.5-1.5g/L

Cobastab ₁0.1-0.5g/L

Dusty yeast 1-3g/L

CaCO ₃ 5g/L

Tea extract 30-50mL

Sucrose 15-20g/L

Water 1000mL

pH 6.0-6.2。

2, medium according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described each components contents of Hericium erinaceus liquid nutrient medium is:

Corn flour 5g/L

Soybean cake powder 5g/L

Wheat bran 5g/L

Potato 50g/L

KH ₂PO ₄ 3g/L

MgSO ₄ 1g/L

Cobastab ₁0.1g/L

Dusty yeast 1g/L

CaCO ₃ 5g/L

Tea extract 50mL

Sucrose 20g/L

Water 1000mL

pH 6.0-6.2。

3, a kind of method of producing Hericium erinaceus is Hericium erinaceus (Hericium erinaceus) bacterial classification to be inserted the described Hericium erinaceus liquid of claim 1 support in the training base, obtains hericium erinaceus fruiting body through cultivation.

4, method according to claim 3 is characterized in that: described hedgehog fungus bacterial is first class inoculum, secondary liquid shaking bottle bacterial classification or seed tank culture bacterial classification.

5, according to claim 3 or 4 described methods, it is characterized in that: described hedgehog fungus bacterial is the seed tank culture bacterial classification.

6, according to claim 3 or 4 described methods, it is characterized in that: described hedgehog fungus bacterial inserts in the Hericium erinaceus liquid nutrient medium, leaves standstill cultivation at 28-30 ℃, obtains hericium erinaceus fruiting body.