CN1065572A - Silvery white edible fungus and its cultural method and culture technique - Google Patents
Silvery white edible fungus and its cultural method and culture technique Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Silvery white auricularia auriculajudae [A.polytrlcha (Mont) .Sacc.Var.argentea.Zhao et Wang] belongs to first finds that it is the new variant of Auriculariaceae, Auricularia.Cultivate through 4 years five times three generations domestications, verified its biological property and reproductive condition, and work out density, the uniformity with matrix in the domestication process, surface flatness is the good thalline structure of three elements, the cap envelope is buckled on perforate of U type and top, and trench goes out the match technology means of ear.For Edible Fungi has increased a kind of new mushroom resource, the pure white beauty of its outward appearance, a pork are thick, nutritious, fresh and crisp, and have antifungi pollute, high temperature resistant, the biological transformation ratio advantages of higher.
Description
(its sample has sent China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center preservation, preserving number: 0167) with its cultural method and culture technique to the present invention relates to the white new variant-silvery white auricularia auriculajudae [A.polytrlcha(Mont) .Sacc.Var.argentea.Zha o et Wang] of a kind of Auriculariaceae of finding first, Auricularia Uricularia polytricha.
Each culturing edible fungus country of the world all attaches great importance to the investigation and the domestication of wild edible fungus.It is documented, the about kind more than 2000 of the edible mushroom of having found in the world, at present be only 200 kinds of human use, can tamely have about 40 kinds, but as only having about 15 kinds of commodity production, therefore, develop existing mushroom resource and find that constantly new mushroom resource is a very important job.In the substituting stuff cultivation of woodear, the mould pollution of wood is on the rise real the genus at present, for successive years in the cultivation of same place, it is more and more serious to pollute meeting, even total crop failure, positive so-called: " sent out in 1 year; 2 years differences, what was not received in 3 years ", the state that has caused the woodear substituting stuff cultivation to stagnate.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of new edible fungus species-silvery white edible fungus and its cultural method and culture technique, it is high temperature resistant, and the antifungi pollution capacity is strong, the biological transformation ratio height, and also color is pure white, and a pork is thick, beautiful appearance.
This silvery white auricularia auriculajudae is found on the elm deadwood of Chinese Shijiazhuang in 1987 first by Zhao Dazhen, identifies that through classification it is an Auriculariaceae, the new variant of Auricularia, and the pure white beauty of silvery white auricularia auriculajudae outward appearance, a pork is thick, and is nutritious, and mouthfeel is good.And anti-wooden mould pollution, high temperature resistant, biology efficient advantages of higher.
Cultivate through 4 years five times three generations domestications, verified biological property and the reproductive condition of silvery white auricularia auriculajudae.Its stabilization characteristics of genetics has obtained silvery white auricularia auriculajudae pure spore sexual propagation system and mycelium clone fully.
This silvery white fungus strain feature is as follows:
White mycelium, fruit body is single gives birth to or all living creatures.Pure white when fresh, near-transparent, colloid, plate-like be to the ear shape, diameter 4-12cm, thick 1-2.3mm, sterile close living pubescence, sporiferous layer has vein and wrinkle, is shallow white yellow when dried, recovers white in the immersion.The load spindle shape, tool three tabulas, the basidiospore water white transparency, kidney-shaped or oblong, smooth.
The taxonomy character of silvery white auricularia auriculajudae is as follows:
Fruit body is single gives birth to or all living creatures, pure white when fresh, and near-transparent, colloid, plate-like be to the ear shape, diameter 4-12cm, thick 1-2.3mm, the sterile close pubescence of looking unfamiliar, sporiferous layer has vein and wrinkle, is shallow white yellow when dried, recovers white in the immersion.
Pubescence layer (ZP): the μ m long 150-300(-480 of pubescence), thick 5-7 μ m, water white transparency evenly distributes or bunchy is grown up.Blunt circle in top or gradual change taper, base portion expand and shrink and attenuate, and part has center line (or hollow).
Extremely close layer (ZC): wide 40-50 μ m, mycelia is hard to tell wall scroll.
Inferior fine and close upper strata (ZSS): wide 60-90 μ m, the mycelia densification is interweaved together, the thick 2-2.5 μ of mycelia m.
Loose upper strata (ZIS): wide 300-330 μ m, mycelia is loose to interweave, thick 2-2.5 μ m.
Marrow layer (Med): wide 250-400 μ m, the mycelia majority is parallel, proper alignment, thick 2-3 μ m.
Loose lower floor (ZIl): wide 270-300 μ m, the thick 2-2.5 μ of mycelia m.
Inferior fine and close lower floor (ZSl): wide 80-110 μ m, the thick 2-2.2 μ of mycelia m.
Sporiferous layer (Hrm): wide 80-100 μ m, load spindle shape, tool three tabulas, 40-60 * 3.8-5 μ m.
The basidiospore water white transparency, kidney-shaped or oblong, smooth, 13-15 * 5-7 μ m.
This mutation fruit body is big and thick, and pubescence is many and longer, and the prosperity of marrow layer is close with the former Uricularia polytricha (Aurlcularla polytrlcha) of just planting.But pure white is just being planted and A with former again; The polytrlechaf.Leucochroma difference.Thereafter auricularia auriculajudae distortion pubescence reaches 500-700(-900 in addition) μ m, thick 3-8 μ m is with this mutation facial difference (her knee sincere 1955).
From the fruit body size, thickness, pubescence length and sporiferous layer veil lattice and vein are less, are different from (Aurlcularla aurlcula f.alblcata f.alba and A.eburnea).In addition, cultivate antagonism through mycelium, anti-wood is mould, high temperature resistant, the nutrition analysis, and palatability etc. is all different in (A.aurlcula and A.polytrlcha).
The cultural method of silvery white edible fungus is to adopt with wheat bran, potato, glucose, agar to be the subculture medium (PDA) of main culture medium and to be the pedigree seed culture medium of culture medium with the wheat, and is the cultivated species medium culture of main culture medium with cotton seed hull, broad-leaved sawdust, wheat bran.Its concrete culture technology process and condition are as follows:
One, the female kind cultivated:
1, subculture medium
Wheat bran: 70 grams
Potato: 200 grams
Glucose: 20 grams
Agar: 20 grams
Water: 1000 milliliters
PH：6.5-7.5
Preparation method is with conventional PDA medium.The medium of making is divided in 100 test tubes, tampon beyond the Great Wall, autoclaving (1 atmospheric pressure) 30 minutes takes out the deduction inclined-plane, cooled and solidified.
2, cultural method:
In sterilization tank, after the inoculation, put 20-25 ℃ of constant temperature culture 10-12 days, can grow for female kind.
Two, breading protospecies:
1, pedigree seed culture medium wheat
Wheat was soaked 8 hours, boil till the no white powder, pull out and drain, bottling, autoclaving 50 minutes cools off again.
2, cultural method
In sterilization tank, after the inoculation, put 20-25 ℃ of indoor or interior bacterium cultivation of insulating box, grow through 15-20 days mycelia.
Three, cultivated species is cultivated:
1, cultivated species medium
Cotton seed hull: the 52-74%(percentage by weight)
Broad-leaved sawdust: 15-30%
Gypsum: 1-3%
Potassium permanganate: 0.08-0.3 ‰
Water: 125-140%(100 jin material amount of water is a 125-140 jin)
PH：7-8
To expect that by the afore mentioned rules proportioning water mixes, vexed half an hour, mix pack again thoroughly, normal-pressure sterilization 4 hours, cooling then.
2, cultural method:
In sterilization tank, after the inoculation, be placed on 20-25 ℃ of indoor bacterium, and note ventilating, send out full through 20-25 days mycelia.
The culture technique of silvery white auricularia auriculajudae is as follows:
1, plant formulation is as follows:
Cotton seed hull: the 89-95%(percentage by weight)
Wheat bran: 4-8%
Gypsum: 1-3%
Potassium permanganate: 0.08-0.3 ‰
Water: 125-140%(100 jin material adds water 125-140 jin)
PH：7-8
2, spice and pack:
According to the requirement of plant formulation ratio, will expect that water mixes, mix again evenly after vexed half an hour and can pack.Pack density contains 1500 jin of wet feeds for suitable with every cubic metre, and the material of being adorned in the bag will keep consistent in density, and smooth surface does not have convex-concave and honeycomb, pocket to paste tightly.With the density of base-material, the uniformity and surface flatness are as the three elements of bacterial classification structure.By above-mentioned requirements, with face width 17cm, the packed bag of the polypropylene plastics of high 13cm, every packed 1.5 jin of wet feeds are advisable.
3, sterilization, inoculation
Normal-pressure sterilization, treat the circle gas after, kept again 4 hours.
Be seeded in and carry out in the sterilization tank or adopt steam flow method inoculation.
4, send out bacterium
Sending out bacterium and should control temperature and satisfy air-conditioning requirement well, cultivate indoor temperature and be controlled at 22-24 ℃, though this temperature is not the fastest temperature of silvery white fungus mycelium growth, all is the most strong temperature of mycelial growth.Ventilating does not singly refer to culturing room and extraneous ventilation and ventilation, and should note the ventilation and the ventilation of pocket especially.Fully charged bag is sterilized respectively with cotton, doses tampon during inoculation, the about 4cm of tampon diameter, and the bundle letter answers degree of tightness suitable.
5, envelope and U type opening
When mycelia send out full after, hang and adopt top and cap envelope before bag goes out ear, promptly 180 ° of pocket top rotation distortions,,, firm with the plastic ties bundle again with a plastic foil doubling block that 7cm is square in case tampon is removed in air inlet.
Open U type hole in the middle and lower part of bag, after the perforate, will mould the sheet base portion and upwards roll over, it is not attached on the charge level, waterproof dashing drenched charge level.Open 7-9 hole, be isosceles triangle substantially for every bag.The tight place and the dense place of mycelia of material and pocket facing selected in perforate, has the place of local pollution not open, and helps like this being converted into out the ear advantage with sending out a bacterium advantage.U type hole easily forms the ear base of uniformity.
6, trench row bag goes out ear
Trench adopts semi-underground type, ditch depth 90cm, ground 30cm, underground 60cm, wide 110cm.Crossbearer bamboo bar is for hanging bag on the ditch.
The trench temperature is controlled at 16-24 ℃, and temperature is more than 90 ℃.To guarantee the satisfying interior environment of the dried bacteria silk of thalline in the bag and the external environment of wet screech owl, make silvery white auricularia auriculajudae thalline strong, auricle is easily grown.
7, the processing of gathering:
The silvery white auricularia auriculajudae is single to be given birth to or all living creatures, and the fruit body formation initial stage is white grain of rice shape, and the back differentiation on back of the body abdomen two sides occurs as the beans shape, and young ear is cup-shaped, gradually becomes ear shape, and the edge is sagging when ripe.
Gather into, the auricle of maturation is pinched with finger, left-handed or dextrorotation, Er Di and matrix are thrown off easily.Dry in the shade after gathering or dry, also can be processed into can, can well keep pure white color.
The nutrition analysis of silvery white auricularia auriculajudae:
By analyzing the nutrition of silvery white auricularia auriculajudae, and compare with nutritions such as the protein of Uricularia polytricha and woodear, amino acid, fat, carbohydrate, vitamin, calcium, phosphorus, iron, zinc, selenium, molybdenums, it is nutritious to draw silvery white auricularia auriculajudae, and protein equal size and Uricularia polytricha, woodear are approaching.Because its color is pure white, beautiful appearance, mouthfeel is good, is suitable for the collocation of dish meat to be made into all good delicious food of colour pattern, can be used as human new mushroom resource.
Through the acute toxicity experience of Hebei province's medical courses in general institute, result of the test shows: through LD
50Measure, the oral silvery white auricularia auriculajudae 40g/kg of small white mouse does not see acute toxicity, belongs to nontoxic level food.Small white mouse was fed experiment in 7 days, and dietary amount is normal substantially, and body weight does not have increase, and movable Non Apparent Abnormality, ight soil are also normal.
Good effect of the present invention is: silvery white Auricularia is found first, for Edible Fungi provides a kind of new mushroom resource.Cultivate through the domestication, verified its biological property and reproductive condition.The pure white beauty of its outward appearance, a pork is thick, and is nutritious, fresh and crisp, and has antifungi to pollute, high temperature resistant, the biological transformation ratio advantages of higher.
Be embodiments of the invention below:
Embodiment one:
1, plant formulation
Cotton seed hull: 94 jin
Wheat bran: 5 jin
Gypsum: 1 jin
Potassium permanganate: 0.02 jin
Water: 130 jin
PH：7
2, cultivation method
Undertaken by planting technique noted earlier.
Embodiment two:
1, plant formulation:
Cotton seed hull: 89 jin
Wheat bran: 8 jin
Gypsum: 3 jin
Potassium permanganate: 0.008 jin
Water: 125 jin
PH：8
2, cultivation method
With embodiment one.
Embodiment three:
1, plant formulation:
Cotton seed hull: 95 jin
Wheat bran: 4 jin
Gypsum: 1 jin
Potassium permanganate: 0.03 jin
Water: 140 jin
PH：8
2, cultivation method:
With embodiment one.
Claims (5)
1, (its sample has sent China Committee for Culture Collection of Microorganisms's common micro-organisms center preservation to silvery white edible fungus [A.polytrlcha (Mont) .Sacc.Var.argentea.Zhao et Wang], preserving number: 0167) with its cultural method, it is characterized in that this bacterial classification is the new variant of this otology Auricularia, its mycology property is: white mycelium, fruit body is single gives birth to or all living creatures pure white when fresh, near-transparent, colloid, plate-like is to the ear shape, diameter 4-12cm, thick 1-2.3mm, sterile close living pubescence, sporiferous layer has vein and wrinkle, is shallow white yellow when dried, recovers white in the immersion, the load spindle shape, tool three tabulas, basidiospore water white transparency, kidney-shaped oblong, smooth
Its cultural method is that employing is the subculture medium (PDA) of main culture medium with wheat bran, potato, glucose, agar, with be the pedigree seed culture medium of culture medium with the wheat, and be the cultivated species medium culture of main culture medium with cotton seed hull, broad-leaved sawdust, wheat bran.
2, cultural method according to claim 1 is characterized in that subculture medium is:
Wheat bran: 70 grams
Potato: 200 grams
Glucose: 20 grams
Agar: 20 grams
Water: 1000 milliliters
PH：6.5-7.5
Preparation method is divided in the medium of making in the test tube, beyond the Great Wall tampon with conventional PDA medium, autoclaving (1 atmospheric pressure) 30 minutes takes out the deduction inclined-plane, after the cooled and solidified, in sterilization tank, inoculate, put then 20-25 ℃ of constant temperature culture 10-12 days, can grow for female kind.
3, cultural method according to claim 2, its spy is that original seed cultivates is that wheat was soaked 8 hours, boils till the no white powder, pull out and drain bottling, autoclaving 50 minutes, cool off inoculation in the rearmounted sterilization tank, put 20-25 ℃ of indoor or interior bacterium cultivation of insulating box, grow through 15-20 days mycelia.
4, cultural method according to claim 3 is characterized in that the cultivated species medium is:
Cotton seed hull 52-74%(percentage by weight)
Broad-leaved sawdust 15-30%
Wheat bran 10-15%
Gypsum 1-3%
Potassium permanganate 0.08-0.3 ‰
Water: 125-140%(100 jin material institute amount of water is a 125-140 jin)
PH： 7-8
To expect that water mixes, after vexed half an hour, mix pack again thoroughly, normal-pressure sterilization 4 hours, the cooling back is inoculated in sterilization tank, is placed on 20-25 ℃ of indoor bacterium then, and notes ventilating, and sends out full through 20-25 days mycelia.
5, the culture technique of silvery white auricularia auriculajudae is characterized in that:
(1) plant formulation is as follows:
Cotton seed hull: the 89-95%(percentage by weight)
Wheat bran: 4-8%
Gypsum: 1-3%
Potassium permanganate: 0.08-0.3 ‰
Water: 125-140%(100 jin material adds water 125-140 liter)
PH：7-8
(2) spice and pack:
According to the plant formulation proportion requirement, will expect that water mixes, to tremble again evenly and can pack after vexed little half, pack density is got every cubic metre and is contained 1500 jin of wet feeds and be advisable, and the material of being adorned in the bag will keep consistent in density, smooth surface, pocket pastes tightly,
(3) sterilization, inoculation:
Normal-pressure sterilization is seeded in and carries out in the sterilization tank or adopt vapor stream method inoculation,
(4) send out bacterium:
Cultivate indoor temperature and be controlled at 22-24 ℃, the tampon of sack is tied up and is answered tense-lax suitable,
(5) envelope and the perforate of U type:
When mycelia send out full after, adopt top button cap encapsulation bag, and open U type hole in the position, middle and lower part of bag, open 7-9 hole for every bag, be isosceles triangle substantially,
(6) trench extension bag goes out ear:
The trench temperature is controlled at 16-24 ℃, and humidity is more than 90%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91102216 CN1032566C (en) | 1991-04-11 | 1991-04-11 | Tremella fuciformis strain and culture method and culture technology thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91102216 CN1032566C (en) | 1991-04-11 | 1991-04-11 | Tremella fuciformis strain and culture method and culture technology thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1065572A true CN1065572A (en) | 1992-10-28 |
| CN1032566C CN1032566C (en) | 1996-08-21 |
Family
ID=4905477
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 91102216 Expired - Fee Related CN1032566C (en) | 1991-04-11 | 1991-04-11 | Tremella fuciformis strain and culture method and culture technology thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1032566C (en) |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102657024A (en) * | 2012-02-20 | 2012-09-12 | 古田县晟农食用菌农民专业合作社 | Method for culturing tremella fuciformis berk strains |
| CN103553834A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-02-05 | 邬方成 | Method for preparing tremella cultivation material from tea cattail and tea seed shells |
| CN104350952A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-02-18 | 李柳强 | Cultivation method for increasing polysaccharide content of tremella |
| CN104798598A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-07-29 | 雷德赐 | Production technique of liquid tremella fuciformis strains applicable to bag-planting, tin-planting and mechanical inoculation |
| CN108633627A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-10-12 | 梅州市佳诚食用菌有限公司 | The method of cultured mycelia |
| CN112243798A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-22 | 山东同康农业开发有限公司 | Energy-saving and efficient tremella strain breeding and planting method |
| CN118516237A (en) * | 2023-04-17 | 2024-08-20 | 四川省食用菌研究所 | Pink auricularia polytricha strain FenEr 1 Hao and propagation method thereof |
-
1991
- 1991-04-11 CN CN 91102216 patent/CN1032566C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102657024A (en) * | 2012-02-20 | 2012-09-12 | 古田县晟农食用菌农民专业合作社 | Method for culturing tremella fuciformis berk strains |
| CN103553834A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-02-05 | 邬方成 | Method for preparing tremella cultivation material from tea cattail and tea seed shells |
| CN104350952A (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2015-02-18 | 李柳强 | Cultivation method for increasing polysaccharide content of tremella |
| CN104350952B (en) * | 2014-11-25 | 2016-09-21 | 上海塞翁福农业发展有限公司 | A kind of cultural method improving tremella polysaccharide content |
| CN104798598A (en) * | 2015-04-09 | 2015-07-29 | 雷德赐 | Production technique of liquid tremella fuciformis strains applicable to bag-planting, tin-planting and mechanical inoculation |
| CN108633627A (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2018-10-12 | 梅州市佳诚食用菌有限公司 | The method of cultured mycelia |
| CN112243798A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-01-22 | 山东同康农业开发有限公司 | Energy-saving and efficient tremella strain breeding and planting method |
| CN112243798B (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2022-02-22 | 山东同康农业开发有限公司 | Energy-saving and efficient tremella strain breeding and planting method |
| CN118516237A (en) * | 2023-04-17 | 2024-08-20 | 四川省食用菌研究所 | Pink auricularia polytricha strain FenEr 1 Hao and propagation method thereof |
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|---|---|
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