CN111603211A - Spreading hooks in lumbar spine surgery - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a distraction hook in lumbar spine surgery, and the invention effectively solves the problems that the existing distractor hook for lumbar spine surgery is relatively single in function and inconvenient to use; While reducing the surgical incision as much as possible for the patient, the surgeon can maximize the surgical operation space in the tissue part of the patient's body. After the second mandrel slides out for a certain distance, the two expansion plates slide out to increase the opening area for the softer tissue structure in the deep part, so as to avoid the part where the deep tissue structure is not in contact with the second mandrel from bouncing outward. , and then encroach on the surgical operation space.

Description

Spreading hooks in lumbar spine surgery

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of lumbar vertebra surgery assistance, in particular to a distractor hook in lumbar vertebra surgery.

Background technique

In the existing lumbar spine surgery, the doctor will cut an incision along the direction of the spine, and then use a spreader to open the tissues on both sides of the spine to open a certain opening, so that the patient's lumbar spine and spine are exposed for the doctor to carry out the operation, but the existing technology. Due to the long operation time of the spine, it is necessary to keep the spreader open for a long time. Since the spreader cannot be easily shaken during the operation, if the opening narrows, it will affect the doctor's sight during the operation, thereby increasing the chances of failure of the operation. Risk, if the opening becomes larger, it may cause a surge of blood in the patient's spine, which can lead to failure of the operation;

When doctors perform lumbar spine surgery, they usually perform bone grafting or implantation of some internal fixation devices. Since the surface of the human skin to the spinal surgery site has to pass through multiple tissue structures, in order to provide doctors with a larger surgical operation It is often necessary to make a larger incision to facilitate the entry of internal fixation devices and the implementation of bone grafting, which will cause extensive local damage, directly lead to increased intraoperative blood loss, and postoperative pain and discomfort for patients. Postoperative functional exercise and rehabilitation of patients;

Since the resistance of the opening mainly comes from the skin and abdominal wall muscles on the surface, and the tissue structure in the deep part is soft, the existing opening device has the same opening width from the surface to the deep part when it is opened. Using the soft and hard characteristics of the human tissue structure from the surface to the depth, and correspondingly changing the width of the opening from the surface to the depth, so as to reduce the surgical incision as much as possible, as much as possible for the doctor to provide a larger space for surgical operations , thereby minimizing the damage to the surrounding tissue;

In view of the above, we provide a distractor hook in lumbar spine surgery to solve the above problems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a distraction hook in lumbar spine surgery, through which the lumbar spine surgery distraction hook can reduce the surgical incision as much as possible for the patient, and at the same time reduce the surgical incision as much as possible. In order to maximize the surgical operation space for the doctor, in order to avoid the rebound of the deep tissue structure, the expansion plates are slidably installed inside the second ejector rod, and when the second ejector rod slides out a certain distance, the two expansion plates slide outward The opening further increases the opening area of the relatively soft tissue structure in the deep part, so as to avoid the part in the deep tissue structure that is not in contact with the second mandrel from rebounding outwards, thereby encroaching on the surgical operation space.

The spreader hook in lumbar spine surgery includes a bearing ring, characterized in that, four bearing cylinders extending radially along the bearing ring are arranged around the inner circular surface of the bearing ring at equal intervals, and the bearing cylinders are connected to the inner circle of the bearing ring. The moving rod is installed in a rotating fit on the surface, and a moving rod is slidably installed in the carrying cylinder. The moving rod is driven by a spreading device arranged in the carrying cylinder. A second top rod is installed vertically in a top rod, a U-shaped block is slidably installed on the bearing cylinder along the radial direction of the bearing ring, and a return spring is connected between the U-shaped block and the bearing cylinder, and the U-shaped block faces A telescopic transmission device is rotatably installed on one side of the first top rod. The telescopic transmission device is connected with the first top rod and can drive the first top rod to rotate around the moving rod. The lifting screw is matched with the rod thread, and the lifting screw is connected with the U-shaped block through a synchronous transmission device. While driving the first top rod to rotate, the second top rod is driven to move down along the first top rod through the synchronous transmission device;

The moving rod is provided with a limiting device and a limiting device for limiting the position of the first ejector rod, the driving device is provided with a control device and the control device is electrically connected with the limiting device, and the cooperation of the two satisfies: when When the driving device starts to work and has not yet driven the U-shaped block to move, the control device first releases the limit of the first ejector rod by the limit device;

Extending plates are installed laterally on both sides of the bottom of the second top rod, respectively, and the two expansion boards are longitudinally spaced apart. A telescopic spring is connected between the expansion board and the second top rod, and a triangular inclined plane is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the expansion board. The first top rod is fixed with a trigger inclined block matched with the triangular inclined block, and the cooperation of the two satisfies: when the second top rod moves down a certain distance, the two expansion plates are forced to slide out.

Preferably, the U-shaped block is slidably installed on the two side walls of the bearing cylinder, the upper end surface of the U-shaped block is fixedly installed with an arc-shaped rod that is coaxially arranged with the bearing ring, and the arc-shaped rod is rotatably fitted with a coaxial rod with the bearing ring. The arc-shaped guide rail is provided, the arc-shaped guide rail is slidably installed on the bearing ring along the radial direction of the bearing ring, and a sliding spring is connected with the bearing ring, and the arc-shaped guide rail is integrally provided with an arc-shaped guide rail on the side away from the first ejector rod. The pressing plate and the arc pressing plate are driven by the driving device.

Preferably, the driving device includes a driving ring rotatably mounted on the upper end face of the bearing ring and arranged coaxially with the bearing ring, and an arc-shaped trigger matched with the arc-shaped pressing plate is arranged around the driving ring at equal intervals. The outer surface of the drive ring is partially provided with a drive gear train, and the drive gear train is engaged with a drive gear rotatably mounted on the carrier ring, and the drive gear is driven by a drive motor mounted on the carrier ring.

Preferably, the telescopic transmission device includes a sliding rod vertically slidably mounted on the upper end of the first ejector rod, a rectangular rod is rotatably mounted on the upper end of the sliding rod, and the other end of the rectangular rod is rotatably mounted on the U-shaped block.

Preferably, both ends of the first mandrel are rotatably mounted on the moving rod through a rotating shaft, and a drive shaft coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft is rotatably installed in the first mandrel, and the drive shaft drives the lifting screw through a bevel gear set , one end of the drive shaft passes through the rotating shaft at intervals, and one end of the drive shaft passes through a native main transmission gear. The main transmission gear is engaged with a secondary transmission gear that is rotatably mounted on the moving rod. And the first worm gear is matched with a first worm screw which is rotatably mounted on the moving rod, and the first worm screw is connected with the synchronous transmission device.

Preferably, the synchronous transmission device comprises a cylinder which is axially slidably fitted with the first worm and is rotatably mounted on the bearing cylinder, and an end of the cylinder away from the first top rod is sleeved with a second worm wheel, and the second worm wheel is matched with a second worm wheel. The second worm is rotated and installed on the bearing cylinder, the second worm is coaxially rotated with a synchronizing gear, and the synchronizing gear is engaged with a synchronizing rack fixedly installed on the U-shaped block.

Preferably, the limiting device comprises an abutment plate slidably mounted on the moving rod and extending along the length direction of the moving rod, an abutting spring is connected between the abutting plate and the moving rod, and a positioning hole is provided on the upper surface of the abutting plate A positioning rod matched with the positioning hole is installed vertically on the moving rod, a positioning spring is connected between the positioning rod and the moving rod, an electromagnet is installed on the moving rod, and the positioning rod is fixed on the side of the electromagnet. There is an iron sheet, and the electromagnet is electrically connected with the control device.

Preferably, the control device includes an L-shaped frame fixed on the bearing ring, and a control rod is slidably installed on the horizontal part of the L-shaped frame, a control spring is connected between the control rod and the L-shaped frame, and the control rod is placed in the L-shaped frame. The outer end of the frame is integrally provided with an arc-shaped trigger rod that is coaxially arranged with the bearing ring, a pressure sensor is installed inside the horizontal part of the L-shaped frame and the connecting part of the control spring, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected with a microcontroller and The micro-control controls the electromagnet circuit to be turned on or off, and an arc-shaped block matched with the arc-shaped trigger rod is fixedly installed on the drive ring.

Preferably, the inner circular surface of the bearing ring is provided with four arc-shaped slideways at equal intervals, and the bearing cylinder is slidably installed in the corresponding arc-shaped slideways through the arc-shaped plate integrally connected with it, and the adjacent two arc-shaped slideways are slidably installed in the corresponding arc-shaped slideways. The plate protrudes out of the bearing ring, and one end of the extension is fixedly installed with coaxial and spaced arc-shaped racks, the arc-shaped racks and the bearing ring are coaxially arranged, and the bearing ring is rotatably installed with The matching two arc-shaped racks mesh with adjusting gears, and the adjusting gears are driven by the adjusting motor.

Preferably, connecting rods are fixedly installed on both lateral sides of the bearing ring, and L-shaped rods are slidably installed on the connecting rods. The vertical parts of the shaped rods are respectively vertically slidably installed with a lifting cylinder, and the other L-shaped rod is threaded with a vertical screw rod that is rotatably installed in the lifting cylinder, and the vertical adjustment screw is driven by a lifting motor installed in the lifting cylinder, The two lifting cylinders are slidably installed on the bed table.

The beneficial effects of the above technical solutions are:

(1) In this scheme, the lumbar spine surgical distraction hook can reduce the surgical incision as much as possible for the patient, and maximize the surgical operation space for the doctor in the tissue part of the patient's body. In order to prevent the rebound of the tissue structure, the expansion plates are slidably installed inside the second mandrel, and when the second mandrel slides out for a certain distance, the two expansion plates slide out to increase the support for the softer part of the deep tissue structure. Open area to avoid rebounding outward from the deep tissue structure that is not in contact with the second mandrel, thereby encroaching on the surgical operation space;

(2) Better, in this plan, we set four bearing cylinders around the inner circular surface of the bearing ring at equal intervals, and they are all rotated and installed on the inner circular surface of the bearing ring. During the operation, the doctor needs to adjust the surgical incision. When the opening angle is adjusted, the two arc-shaped racks located adjacent to each other and matched with each other are driven to rotate around the bearing ring by adjusting the motor, and then the opening of the surgical incision by the first ejector rod and the second ejector rod can be adjusted during the operation. Angle to meet the needs of the doctor during the operation;

(3) In this solution, after the multiple first ejector rods that cooperate with each other completely open the surgical incision, the driving device drives the plurality of first ejector rods to rotate opposite to each other, so that the The second top rod inside slides out synchronously, so that in the case of the smallest possible surgical incision, a space similar to a "flask-like" operation is supported in the human tissue for the doctor to operate, so as to facilitate the placement of surgical instruments. entry and the surgeon's surgical procedures.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall structure assembly schematic diagram of the present invention;

2 is a schematic diagram of the installation relationship of two arc-shaped racks that cooperate with each other according to the present invention;

3 is a schematic top view when a plurality of first ejector rods of the present invention are matched;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram when a plurality of first ejector rods of the present invention are matched;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the sliding fitting installation of the arc guide rail and the rectangular plate according to the present invention;

6 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure after the L-shaped frame of the present invention is cut away;

7 is a schematic front view of the structure of the synchronous transmission device of the present invention;

8 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the arc-shaped plate of the present invention and the corresponding arc-shaped rack;

9 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between the U-shaped block, the rectangular rod and the sliding rod of the present invention;

10 is a schematic diagram of the connection relationship between another arc-shaped plate of the present invention and its corresponding arc-shaped rack;

11 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation relationship between the sliding rod and the first ejector rod according to the present invention;

12 is a schematic structural diagram of the synchronous transmission device of the present invention from another perspective;

13 is a schematic structural diagram of the synchronous transmission device of the present invention;

Figure 14 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation relationship between one of the expansion boards and the second ejector rod of the present invention;

15 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation relationship between another expansion board and a second ejector rod according to the present invention;

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of two expansion plates extending outward after the second top rod of the present invention is moved down a certain distance;

17 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure after the second ejector rod and the first ejector pin of the present invention are separated and the two are cross-sectioned;

18 is a schematic diagram of the positional relationship between two expansion boards of the present invention;

Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation relationship between a drive motor, a drive gear, and several drive gear trains according to the present invention;

FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention when the drive ring and the bearing ring are disengaged;

FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of the cooperation relationship between the conflicting plate and the positioning rod according to the present invention.

Detailed ways

The foregoing and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the following detailed description of the embodiments with reference to FIGS. 1 to 21 . The structural contents mentioned in the following embodiments are all Reference is made to the drawings in the description.

Embodiment 1. This embodiment provides a distraction hook in lumbar spine surgery. Referring to FIG. 2, it includes a bearing ring 1. A bearing cylinder 2 extending radially along the bearing ring 1, the bearing cylinder 2 is rotatably installed with the inner circular surface of the bearing ring 1, and a moving rod 3 is slidably installed in the bearing cylinder 2, and the moving rod 3 is arranged on the bearing cylinder 2 The opening device inside is driven. Referring to Figures 8 and 10 , the opening device includes a opening screw 5 that is threadedly fitted with the moving rod 3, and the opening screw 5 is driven by an opening motor installed in the bearing cylinder 2. 4. Drive, the opening motor 4 drives the opening screw 5 to rotate to realize the sliding of the control moving rod 3 along the bearing cylinder 2;

In specific use, we first move the carrier ring 1 to an appropriate position (a position above the patient's surgical site), and then we move the carrier ring 1 downward, so as to drive a plurality of first ejector rods 6 that cooperate with each other downward. Move and insert a plurality of mutually matched first ejector rods 6 into the surgical incision, when the first ejector rods 6 are inserted to a suitable depth in the surgical incision, stop moving the bearing ring 1 downward and fix the bearing ring 1, this At this time, we start the spreading motor 4 and then drive the plurality of first ejector rods 6 to move radially along the bearing ring 1 in the direction away from each other through the moving rod 3 (in the initial state, the first ejector rods 6 and the The corresponding moving rods 3 are set at 90° to each other. As shown in FIG. 2 , the telescopic transmission device connected between the first top rod 6 and the U-shaped block 8 does not prevent the first top rod 6 from moving along with it. The movement of the rod 3), in this process, the limiting device realizes the limit of the first top rod 6 which is rotated and installed on the moving rod 3 to ensure that the moving rod 3 is in the process of moving, preventing the first top rod There is a relative rotation between the rod 6 and the moving rod 3, so that under the drive of the opening motor 4, after a plurality of mutually matched first ejector rods 6 move a certain distance along the radial direction of the bearing ring 1, that is, at this time, a plurality of first ejector rods 6 A mandrel 6 cooperates with each other to fully open the incision incision, and the open motor 4 is controlled to stop working by the control of the open motor 4, and the plurality of first mandrels 6 are in the current position;

Referring to Figure 2, the U-shaped block 8 is slidably installed on the side wall of the bearing cylinder 2 and the side of the U-shaped block 8 away from the first ejector rod 6 is connected with the bearing cylinder 2 through the return spring 9, and we are in the bearing ring. 1 is provided with a driving device for driving a plurality of U-shaped blocks 8 to move along the corresponding carrying cylinder 2 at the same time. When the diameters of the openings are close to each other (at this time, a plurality of first ejector rods 6 cooperate to achieve the effect of completely opening the incisions), then we control the driving device arranged on the bearing ring 1 to start working, and we start working on the driving device. A control device is provided on it, and the control can realize that when the driving device has not yet driven the U-shaped block 8 to move, the limit of the first ejector rod 6 by the limit device is first released (there is an electrical connection between the control device and the limit device). connection), at this time, when the first mandrel 6 is subjected to an external force, it can rotate around the corresponding moving rod 3. After the control device releases the limit of the first mandrel 6 by the limiting device, the driving device Start to drive the U-shaped block 8 to move along the corresponding bearing cylinder 2 towards the direction close to the first ejector rod 6 matched with it (during this process, the connection between the U-shaped block 8 and the bearing cylinder 2 is The return spring 9 is stretched to store energy), as shown in FIG. 2 , at this time, along with the movement of the U-shaped block 8, the first ejector rod 6 is driven around the corresponding The moving rod 3 rotates (that is, under the action of the driving device, the bottom end of the first top rod 6 is driven to rotate in the direction of approaching the corresponding bearing cylinder 2 through the cooperating U-shaped block 8 and the telescopic transmission device) That is, at this time, the bottoms of the first ejector rods 6 that cooperate with each other are all rotated in the direction close to the corresponding bearing cylinder 2, and the softer human tissue structure located in the deep part of the body is supported outward. The effect of opening, without changing the surgical incision, increases the operating space for the doctor's operation (that is, it provides the doctor with a flask-shaped operating field of view space, and the shape of the flask has a small opening at the upper end and a large opening at the lower end) ;

We vertically slide and install a second ejector bar 7 inside the first ejector bar 6. The second ejector bar 7 is placed outside the first ejector bar 6, and its end is set to be arc-shaped and its bottom is rounded, referring to the accompanying drawings. As shown in 7, the reason why the bottom of the second top rod 7 is set as an arc is to avoid when the bottom of the first top rod 6 is driven by the U-shaped block 8 and the telescopic transmission device to approach the corresponding bearing cylinder 2 direction. When rotating, the bottom of the second mandrel 7 pokes the tissue structure in the patient's body (the bottom of the second mandrel 7 is set as an arc and rounded corners can be set to avoid this situation), refer to Figure 12. It is shown that the second top rod 7 is threadedly fitted with a lifting screw 10 that is rotatably installed in the first top rod 6. When the U-shaped block 8 moves toward the corresponding first top rod 6, the U-shaped block 8. Drive the lifting screw 10 to rotate through the synchronous transmission device connected to it and then drive the second top rod 7 to move downward in the first top rod 6, that is, when the first top rod 6 rotates around the moving rod 3, the The second ejector rod 7 slowly slides out from the first ejector rod 6, that is, under the circumstance of reducing the surgical incision as much as possible, the maximum effect of spreading the abdominal tissue located in the deep part of the human body to the outside is realized, thereby providing the doctor with Sufficient surgical space;

Referring to Figure 18 , two expansion plates 11 are arranged in the second top rod 7 in a sliding fit with the second top rod 7 at intervals. When driven by the lifting screw 10, the second top rod 7 moves downward. After moving a certain distance (at this time, the first ejector rod 6 does not prevent the two expansion plates 11 from sliding out from both sides of the first ejector rod 6 ), that is, the two trigger inclined blocks 14 fixedly installed in the first ejector rod 6 are made (The two triggering inclined blocks 14 are also arranged at intervals and correspond to the corresponding triangular inclined blocks 13 respectively) They are respectively in contact with the triangular inclined blocks 13 fixedly installed on the expansion board 11 , and under the force of the triggering inclined blocks 14 , respectively Push the two expansion plates 11 to slide out from the second top rod 7 in opposite directions. As shown in Figure 16, we set that when the driving device drives the U-shaped block 8 to move along the corresponding bearing cylinder 2 for a certain distance The driving device stops working, that is, under the driving of the U-shaped block 8, the first top rod 6 rotates around the moving rod 3 at a certain angle and then stops rotating and when the first top rod 6 stops rotating, the second top rod 7 just descends To the position shown in FIG. 16 and at this time, the triangular inclined block 13 fixedly connected with the expansion board 11 and the corresponding trigger inclined block 14 are just in the state shown in FIG. The inclined surface parts of the inclined block 13 and the trigger inclined block 14 are in conflict with each other), so that the two expansion plates 11 slide out from the inner and outer parts of the second ejector rod 7, so as to realize the effect of increasing the opening area of the deep abdominal tissue of the human body and avoid the Because the abdominal cavity tissue is relatively soft and the contact area between the second ejector rod 7 and the abdominal cavity tissue is limited, the softer abdominal cavity tissue that is not in contact with the second ejector rod 7 rebounds, thereby encroaching on the doctor's surgical operation space, Under the condition of ensuring the minimum incision for the surgery, the maximum expansion area is achieved, which has a positive effect on the patient's later rehabilitation treatment (when we set the expansion board 11, the expansion board 11 is stretched out. The outer part is rounded to avoid damage to the deep abdominal tissue when the expansion plate 11 slides out);

In the process of lumbar spine surgery, when performing operations on lumbar vertebra tissue in different parts, the position of the four first ejector rods 6 needs to be adjusted accordingly, that is, by changing the relative positions of the four first ejector rods 6, to achieve Change the opening direction of the incision, so that the incision reaches the maximum opening range in a certain direction (due to the limited contact area between the four first ejector rods 6 and the muscle tissue at the incision, so there is no contact area with the first ejector rod 6. The muscle tissue at the incision may rebound a little, which will affect the doctor's surgical operation), so that the doctor can perform surgery on the tissue in this direction. At this time, we can adjust the corresponding first The opening angle of the incision by the ejector rod 6 (the corresponding bearing cylinder 2 is adjusted to the desired position and then fixed), so that the multiple first ejector rods 6 cooperate with each other to achieve the opening of the incision in the direction required by the operation ;

When the lumbar spine surgery is completed, we remove the driving force of the driving device to the U-shaped block 8, so that the U-shaped block 8 moves in the opposite direction under the action of the return spring 9 and drives the first ejector rod 6 in the opposite direction through the telescopic transmission device. The direction of rotation is rotated, along with the reverse movement of the U-shaped block 8, the synchronous transmission device drives the lifting screw 10 to reverse and drives the second top rod 7 to move up along the first top rod 6, along with the second top rod 7 moves up, the triangular inclined block 13 fixedly connected with the expansion board 11 moves up synchronously, under the action of the telescopic spring 12, the inclined surface of the triangular inclined block 13 always touches the inclined surface of the trigger inclined block 14, along with the second ejector rod 7 The upward movement of the two expansion plates 11 drives the expansion plates 11 to slowly shrink inwardly into the second ejector rod 7 under the action of the telescopic spring 12, so that the triangular inclined block 13 is no longer in contact with the trigger inclined block 14. At this time, the expansion plate 11 It has been completely retracted into the second ejector rod 7 (we set that when the two expansion plates 11 are completely retracted into the second ejector bar 7, the upper end surface of the extension plate 11 has not yet risen to the position of the lower end surface of the first ejector bar 6 ), so that when the U-shaped block 8 moves to the initial position under the action of the return spring 9, the U-shaped block 8 stops moving and drives the first top rod 6 to rotate to the initial position (90° with the moving rod 3), at this time The second top rod 7 also rises to the initial position along the inside of the first top rod 6 .

Embodiment 2, on the basis of Embodiment 1, referring to FIG. 5 , the U-shaped block 8 is slidably installed on both side walls of the bearing cylinder 2 and the upper end surface of the U-shaped block 8 is fixedly installed coaxially with the bearing ring 1 . The arc-shaped rod 15 is arranged at the center, and the upper end face of the arc-shaped rod 15 is rotatably fitted with an arc-shaped guide rail 16 arranged coaxially with the bearing ring 1. Four rectangular plates 18 extending radially along the bearing ring 1 and the arc guides are slidably mounted on the rectangular plates 18. When we need a plurality of second top rods 7 to rotate around the corresponding moving rods 3 to achieve increase When the area of the deep abdominal tissue is opened, at this time, we act on the arc-shaped compression plate 19 through the driving device and force the arc-shaped compression plate 19 to move toward the position close to the center of the bearing ring 1 (the sliding spring 17 is compressed. energy storage), and then drive the U-shaped block 8 to slide along the bearing cylinder 2 toward the direction close to the first ejector bar 6 by rotating and matching the arc-shaped guide rail 16 and the arc-shaped rod 15, so as to drive the first ejector bar 6 the effect of rotation;

The reason why the arc-shaped rod 15 that is rotatably installed with the arc-shaped guide rail 16 is fixedly installed above the U-shaped block 8 is to cooperate with when we need to adjust the angle of the bearing cylinder 2, that is, to adjust a plurality of first ejector rods 6 pairs. In the opening direction of the incision, along with the movement of the bearing cylinder 2 along the inner circular surface of the bearing ring 1, the arc-shaped rod 15 is synchronously driven to move along the arc-shaped guide rail 16, so that no matter where the bearing cylinder 2 moves ( We set the adjustment angle range of the bearing cylinder 2 to satisfy: the arc-shaped rod 15 can only be rotated in the arc-shaped guide rail 16;), the force of the driving device on the arc-shaped extrusion plate 19 can be applied to the U-shaped block 8, thereby ensuring that a certain driving force is always provided to the second ejector rod 7.

Embodiment 3, on the basis of Embodiment 2, referring to FIG. 20, the drive device includes a drive ring 20 that is rotatably mounted on the upper end face of the bearing ring 1 and is coaxially arranged with the bearing ring 1. At the same time, support rods are fixedly installed on both axial sides of the lower end face of the drive ring 20, and a circular groove (not numbered in the figure) is opened on the upper end face of the bearing ring 1 to rotate and fit with the support rod, so that the drive ring 20 can be rotated and installed On the upper end face of the bearing ring 1, we arrange the arc-shaped trigger plates 21 matched with the arc-shaped extrusion plates 19 around the inner circular surface of the drive ring 20 at equal intervals. Referring to FIG. 2, in the initial state, the drive The relative position of the ring 20 and the bearing ring 1 is shown in FIG. 2, that is, the arc-shaped trigger plate 21 and the arc-shaped pressing plate 19 are separated by a certain distance. When the U-shaped block 8 needs to be driven to move, at this time we drive The motor 24 controller controls the drive motor 24 to start and engages with a part of the drive gear train 22 provided on the outer surface of the drive ring 20 through the drive gear 23, driving the drive ring 20 to rotate in the clockwise direction as shown in FIG. 2 . , along with the rotation of the drive ring 20, when the arc-shaped trigger plate 21 has not yet collided with the arc-shaped pressing plate 19, the control device arranged on the drive device realizes the unlocking of the limit device at this time, so that the first top The rod 6 is no longer in a limited state, so that when the arc-shaped trigger plate 21 is just in contact with the arc-shaped pressing plate 19, the control device completely releases the limit device for the first ejector rod 6, and then, along with the driving As the ring 20 continues to rotate, the arc-shaped trigger plate 21 forces the squeeze plate to slide along the rectangular plate 18 and then drives the U-shaped block 8 along the side wall of the bearing cylinder 2 through the arc-shaped guide rails 16 and the arc-shaped rods 15 that cooperate with each other. Move until the U-shaped block 8 is driven to move the set distance along the carrying cylinder 2 (the farthest distance that the U-shaped block 8 can move is: the arc-shaped trigger plate 21 moves to an arc-shaped When the vertex position is in contact, the drive motor 24 stops working under the action of the drive motor 24 controller), the moving distance of the U-shaped block 8 (the rotation angle of the second ejector rod 7 ) depends on the arc extrusion The distance between the arc vertices of the plate 19 and the arc trigger plate 21 and the surfaces corresponding to the arc vertices.

Embodiment 4, on the basis of Embodiment 3, as shown in FIG. 12 , the telescopic transmission device includes a sliding rod 25 vertically slidably installed on the upper end of the first ejector rod 6 , and a rectangular rod 27 is rotatably installed on the upper end of the sliding rod 25 . 10, the other end of the rectangular rod 27 is rotatably mounted on the U-shaped block 8. When the U-shaped block 8 moves toward the direction close to the first ejector rod 6 under the action of the driving ring 20, the The rectangular rod 27 drives the bottom of the first top rod 6 to rotate toward the direction close to the corresponding bearing cylinder 2 , and at the same time, the sliding rod 25 moves upward along the upper part of the first top rod 6 .

Embodiment 5, on the basis of Embodiment 1, referring to FIG. 10, both ends of the first mandrel 6 are rotated and installed on the moving rod 3 through the rotating shaft 28. Referring to FIG. 11, the first mandrel A drive shaft 29 that is coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft 28 is rotatably installed in the 6. The drive shaft 29 drives the lifting screw 10 through the bevel gear set 30. When setting, we make one end of the drive shaft 29 pass through one of the rotating shafts 28 and make One end of the drive shaft 29 protrudes outward (we make one of the rotating shafts 28 hollow inside), one end of the drive shaft 29 passes through the rotating shaft 28 at intervals, and one end of the drive shaft 29 passes through the original main transmission gear 31 and the main transmission gear 31 is meshed to rotate. The auxiliary transmission gear 32 installed on the moving rod 3, the auxiliary transmission gear 32 is coaxially rotated with a first worm wheel 33, and the first worm wheel 33 is matched with a first worm 34 that is rotatably installed on the moving rod 3. The worm 34 is connected with the synchronous transmission device;

During the synchronous transmission, when the U-shaped block 8 moves under the action of the drive ring 20, the first worm 34 is driven to rotate through the synchronous transmission device connected to it, and then the first worm wheel 33 is driven to rotate. The coaxially rotating auxiliary transmission gear 32 drives the main transmission gear 31 to rotate, thereby achieving the effect of driving the drive shaft 29 to rotate. When the U-shaped block 8 moves along the bearing cylinder 2, the rectangular rod 27 drives the first ejector rod 6 synchronously. The rotating shaft 28 rotates around the moving rod 3, that is, when the first top rod 6 rotates, it also drives the drive shaft 29 to rotate. Therefore, when setting the first worm 34 and the first worm wheel 33, by setting a suitable transmission ratio The angular velocity at which the first worm 34 drives the main drive to rotate through the first worm gear 33 and the auxiliary transmission gear 32 is greater than the angular velocity at which the main transmission gear 31 rotates with the first ejector rod 6 , that is, the distance between the drive shaft 29 and the first ejector rod 6 is The relative rotation is generated, and then the drive shaft 29 drives the lifting screw 10 to rotate through the bevel gear set 30 , and finally drives the second top rod 7 to move vertically along the inside of the first top rod 6 .

Embodiment 6, on the basis of Embodiment 5, as shown in FIG. 9 , the synchronous transmission device includes a cylinder 35 that is installed in axial sliding fit with the first worm 34 and is rotatably installed on the bearing cylinder 2 . The axial sliding fit between the first worm 34 and the cylinder 35 is to match the relative movement between the moving rod 3 and the bearing cylinder 2, so that no matter where the moving rod 3 is, the U-shaped block 8 can pass through. The first worm 34 and the cylinder 35 installed in the axial sliding fit drive the first worm wheel 33 to rotate;

One end of the cylinder 35 away from the first mandrel 6 is sheathed with a second worm gear 36 and the second worm gear 36 is matched with a second worm 37 rotatably mounted on the bearing cylinder 2 , and the second worm 37 is coaxially rotated with a synchronizing gear 38 and the synchronizing gear 38 is meshed with a synchronizing rack 39 fixedly mounted on the U-shaped block 8. When the U-shaped block 8 moves along the carrying cylinder 2, the synchronizing gear 38 is driven by the synchronizing rack 39 that is fixedly connected with it. Rotation, and then drive the second worm 37 to rotate, the second worm 37 drives the cylinder 35 to rotate through the second worm wheel 36 meshing with it, and then realizes the effect of driving the first worm 34 to rotate, and the first worm 34 The worm gear 33, the main transmission gear 31 and the auxiliary transmission gear 32 drive the drive shaft 29 and the second ejector rod 7 to rotate relative to each other, thereby realizing the effect of driving the second ejector rod 7 to move;

When the lumbar spine surgery is completed and the device needs to be reset, we only need to control the drive motor 24 to rotate in the reverse direction through the drive motor 24 controller and drive the drive ring 20 to rotate in the counterclockwise direction as shown in FIG. 2 , and then The arc-shaped trigger plate 21 is driven to rotate in the counterclockwise direction, and along with the counter-clockwise rotation of the arc-shaped trigger plate 21, the arc-shaped pressing plate 19 moves away from the corresponding first ejector rod 6 under the action of the sliding spring 17. At the same time, the U-shaped block 8 moves in the direction away from the first top rod 6 under the action of the return spring 9, thereby driving the first top rod 6 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the driving ring 20 drives When the lower arc-shaped trigger plate 21 is disengaged from the arc-shaped pressing plate 19, the 8 U-shaped blocks and the arc-shaped guide rail 16 move to the initial position, and at this time the first ejector rod 6 rotates to the initial position (the first ejector rod 6 and the moving rod 3 are 90° to each other);

When the U-shaped block 8 moves in the reverse direction along the carrying cylinder 2, the main transmission gear 31 is driven to rotate in the reverse direction by the synchronous transmission device, and the angular velocity of the reverse rotation of the main transmission gear 31 is greater than that of the first ejector rod 6 at this time. The angular velocity of rotation in the direction of rotation, thereby driving the relative rotation between the drive shaft 29 and the first ejector rod 6 and driving the second ejector rod 7 to move upward through the bevel gear set 30, so that when the first ejector rod 6 rotates to the initial position, The second ejector rod 7 moves up to the initial position;

When the arc-shaped trigger plate 21 and the corresponding arc-shaped pressing plate 19 are completely disengaged, and the drive ring 20 continues to rotate at this time, the control device controls the action of the limiting device again to achieve the first ejector bar again. After the limit of 6 (so that the first ejector rod 6 is stably maintained at the current position), the drive motor 24 is controlled to stop working under the control of the drive motor 24 controller.

Embodiment 7, on the basis of Embodiment 1, as shown in FIG. 21 , the limiting device includes a resistance plate 40 slidably installed on the moving rod 3 and extending along the length direction of the moving rod 3 . An abutting spring 41 is connected between the rods 3. In the initial state, the abutting plate 40 abuts on the side wall of the first top rod 6 facing the first top rod 6 and is vertically slidably mounted on the positioning rod 43 on the moving rod 3. Under the action of the positioning spring 44, it is inserted into the positioning hole 42 provided on the abutting plate 40 to realize the positioning of the abutting plate 40 and realize the limiting of the first ejector rod 6 through the abutting plate 40 (for preventing the When the first mandrel 6 rotates, the relative rotation between the first mandrel 6 and the moving rod 3 is avoided);

An electromagnet is installed at the end of the positioning spring 44 away from the positioning rod 43 and is fixedly connected to the moving rod 3, and an iron sheet is fixedly installed at the connecting position of the positioning rod 43 and the positioning spring 44. When the driving ring 20 is driven by the driving motor 24 The lower edge When the bearing ring 1 is rotated, the electromagnet is controlled by the control device to obtain electricity and generate an electromagnetic force. Under the action of the electromagnetic force of the electromagnet, the iron piece installed on the positioning rod 43 is adsorbed and then the positioning rod 43 is moved upward, so that the positioning hole is moved upwards. 42, the contact plate 40 is in a free state at this time, with the continuous rotation of the drive ring 20, so that when the arc trigger plate 21 and the arc squeeze plate 19 are in contact, the first ejector rod 6 is driven to move along the The rod 3 rotates, that is, it rotates in the counterclockwise direction as shown in FIG. 21. Since the abutment plate 40 is in a free state at this time, the rotation of the first ejector rod 6 forces the abutment plate 40 to move along the The rod 3 retracts into the moving rod 3 and compresses the abutment spring 41 (so that the abutment spring 41 is charged);

When the first top rod 6 needs to be reset, the driving ring 20 is reversed to drive the first top rod 6 to rotate in the opposite direction. It is worth noting here that when the limiting device releases the limit on the first top rod 6 Afterwards, that is, the control device controls the electromagnet to always be in the electrified state (that is, to make the resistance plate 40 in a movable state all the time), so that when the arc-shaped pressing plate 19 and the corresponding arc-shaped trigger plate 21 are disengaged, this When the first ejector rod 6 rotates to the initial position (as shown in FIG. 21 , and at this time, the abutment plate 40 moves to the position shown in FIG. 21 again, the abutment plate 40 faces the side of the first ejector rod 6 collides with the side wall of the second ejector rod 7, at this time the positioning hole 42 moves to the position corresponding to the positioning rod 43) and with the continuous rotation of the drive ring 20, the control device controls the electromagnet to lose power, thereby losing the electromagnetic force, making the positioning The rod 43 is inserted downward into the positioning hole 42 under the action of the positioning spring 44 to achieve the positioning effect of the abutting plate 40 , and further, the first ejector rod 6 is limited by the abutting plate 40 .

Embodiment 8, on the basis of Embodiment 7, as shown in FIG. 5 , the control device includes an L-shaped frame 45 fixedly mounted on the rectangular plate 18 and a control rod 46 is slidably installed at the horizontal part of the L-shaped frame 45 . As shown in FIG. 6 , a control spring 47 is connected between the control rod 46 and the L-shaped frame 45 , and the control rod 46 is placed on the outer end of the L-shaped frame 45 and is integrally provided with an arc-shaped trigger rod that is coaxially disposed with the bearing ring 1 . 48, the vertical part of the L-shaped frame 45 is spaced through the arc-shaped extrusion plate 19 and we are provided with a through hole 49 on the arc-shaped extrusion plate 19 that matches the vertical part of the L-shaped frame 45 for matching The arc-shaped pressing plate 19 slides along the rectangular plate 18, and a pressure sensor is fixedly installed at the connection part of the lateral part of the L-shaped frame 45 and the control spring 47. Referring to FIG. 3, when the driving ring 20 is in the initial position, The arc-shaped trigger lever 48 and the corresponding arc-shaped block 50 are just in contact state. When the drive motor 24 starts to work and drives the drive ring 20 to rotate in the clockwise direction as shown in FIG. The arc-shaped block 50 and the arc-shaped trigger rod 48 force the control rod 46 to retract into the L-shaped frame 45 and cause the control spring 47 to be compressed. At this time, the pressure sensor installed in the L-shaped frame 45 detects the pressure signal change and feeds back to the The microcontroller controls the electromagnet circuit to be energized and attracts the positioning rod 43 to move up through the electromagnetic force, so that the positioning rod 43 withdraws from the positioning hole 42, and then along with the continuous rotation of the drive ring 20, through the matching The arc-shaped trigger plate 21 and the arc-shaped pressing plate 19 drive the first ejector rod 6 to start to rotate;

It is worth noting here that when the driving ring 20 drives the bottom of the first ejector rod 6 to rotate in a direction close to the corresponding material cylinder, the arc-shaped block 50 and the arc-shaped trigger rod 48 are always in conflict with each other. state, that is, the pressure sensor located in the L-shaped frame 45 can always detect the pressure signal, and the electromagnet is always in the energized state;

When the first mandrel 6 needs to be reset, the drive ring 20 is driven to reverse by the drive motor 24, so that the arc-shaped trigger plate 21 and the arc-shaped pressing plate 19 that are in conflict with each other are disengaged. At this time, the first mandrel 6 It has been reset to the position shown in FIG. 21 (at this time, the abutting plate 40 drives the positioning hole 42 to move to the position just below the positioning rod 43 under the action of the abutting spring 41 ), and along with the drive ring 20 continues to move in the opposite direction Rotate, the arc-shaped block 50 and arc-shaped trigger rod 48 that are in contact with each other begin to disengage, and the arc-shaped trigger rod 48 slides outwards in the direction away from the first ejector rod 6 under the action of the control spring 47. At this time, the pressure The sensor detects that the pressure signal changes, and the micro-controller controls the electromagnet circuit to disconnect, and the electromagnet loses power, causing the positioning rod 43 to be inserted downwardly into the positioning hole 42 on the collision plate 40 under the action of the positioning spring 44 , to achieve the positioning of the contact plate 40 again, when the arc block 50 rotates with the drive ring 20 to just disengage from the arc trigger rod 48, the drive motor 24 controller controls the drive motor 24 to stop working (the motor controller works by actively working It is an integrated circuit that controls the motor to work according to the set direction, speed, angle, and response time). In this solution, the microcontroller and the drive motor 24 are connected to an external power supply through wires.

Embodiment 9, on the basis of Embodiment 1, referring to Figure 20, we are provided with four arc-shaped slideways 51 at equal intervals on the inner circular surface of the bearing ring 1, and the bearing cylinder 2 is integrally connected with the arc. The shaped plate 26 is slidably installed in the corresponding arc-shaped slideway 51. Referring to Figures 7 and 10, the two arc-shaped plates 26 located in adjacent positions protrude outward from one end of the bearing ring 1, respectively. The arc-shaped racks 52 of the ring 1 are coaxially arranged, and the two adjacent arc-shaped racks 52 are coaxially spaced apart. Referring to FIG. When the angle is opened, the adjusting motor 54 fixedly installed on the bearing ring 1 drives the adjusting gear 53 to rotate, and then drives the two arc-shaped racks 52 in adjacent positions to rotate, so as to realize the two-by-two adjustment of the first mandrel 6 . The effect of the opening angle makes the four first mandrels 6 cooperate with each other, and the opening direction of the incision is adjusted accordingly according to the operation. The opening angle of a mandrel 6 can only be adjusted within a certain range;

In this solution, the regulating motor 54 is electrically connected with an external power source through wires.

Embodiment 10, on the basis of Embodiment 1, referring to FIG. 1 , connecting rods 55 are fixedly installed on both lateral sides of the bearing ring 1, and L-shaped rods 56 are slidably installed on the connecting rods 55, and one of the The L-shaped rod 56 is rotatably installed with a transverse screw 57 threaded with the connecting rod 55, the vertical parts of the two L-shaped rods 56 are respectively vertically slidably installed with a lifting cylinder 59, and the other L-shaped rod 56 is threadedly fitted with a rotating installation The vertical screw 58 in the lifting cylinder 59, the vertical adjusting screw is driven by the lifting motor 60 installed in the lifting cylinder 59, and the two lifting cylinders 59 are slidably installed on the bed table along the extending direction of the length of the bed table ( There are grooves on both sides of the bed that are slidably matched with the lifting cylinder 59, the bed and the grooves are not shown in the figure), when a doctor performs lumbar spine surgery on a patient, the patient is usually prone to lie on the bed, and the patient An incision is made in the lumbar vertebrae, and then the carrying ring 1 is moved to the surgical incision by moving the two lifting cylinders 59, and then the L-shaped rod 56 is driven in a vertical position by the lifting motor 60 to reduce the bearing ring 1 and the surgical incision. The vertical distance of the parts, and then the position between the bearing ring 1 and the surgical incision is further adjusted by the transverse screw 57, so that the four first ejector rods 6 that cooperate with each other are in the position directly above the surgical incision. 59 is fixed (it can be clamped or fixed by bolts, which can be easily obtained by those skilled in the art according to the prior art, and will not be described here), and then the bearing ring 1 is driven down by the lifting motor 60 again, and then Drive the four first ejector rods 6 downward along the surgical incision into the human tissue, and when the bearing ring 1 descends to an appropriate distance, control the lifting motor 60 to stop working, and then drive the plurality of first ejector rods by propping up the motor 4 6 to achieve the effect of opening the surgical incision.

In this solution, the lumbar vertebra surgical distraction hook can reduce the surgical incision as much as possible for the patient, and maximize the surgical operation space for the doctor in the tissue part of the patient's body. In order to avoid the deep soft tissue structure The rebound of the second mandrel 7 is slidably installed with expansion plates 11, and when the second mandrel 7 slides out for a certain distance, the two expansion plates 11 slide out to increase the impact on the tissue structure of the softer part in the deep part. The area is stretched to prevent the part in the deep tissue structure that is not in contact with the second mandrel 7 from rebounding outward, thereby encroaching on the surgical operation space;

Preferably, in this solution, four bearing cylinders 2 are arranged around the inner circular surface of the bearing ring 1 at equal intervals and are rotated and installed on the inner circular surface of the bearing ring 1. During the operation, when the doctor needs to adjust the surgical incision When the opening angle is adjusted, the motor 54 drives the two arc-shaped racks 52 located adjacent to each other to rotate around the carrier ring 1, and then the pair of the first ejector rod 6 and the second ejector rod 7 can be adjusted during the operation. The opening angle of the surgical incision to meet the needs of the doctor during the operation;

In this solution, after the multiple first ejector rods 6 that cooperate with each other completely open the surgical incision, then the driving device drives the plurality of first ejector rods 6 to rotate opposite to each other, so that the first ejector rods 6 are located at the same time. The inner second ejector rod 7 slides out synchronously, so that in the case of the smallest possible surgical incision, a space similar to a "flask-like" operation is supported in the human tissue for the doctor's operation, so as to facilitate the operation of surgical instruments. Placed as well as the doctor's surgical procedures.

The above description is only to illustrate the present invention, and it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications conforming to the idea of the present invention are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The strutting hook in the lumbar vertebra operation comprises a bearing ring (1) and is characterized in that four bearing cylinders (2) extending along the radial direction of the bearing ring (1) are arranged on the inner circular surface of the bearing ring (1) in a surrounding mode at equal intervals, the bearing cylinders (2) are installed in a rotating fit with the inner circular surface of the bearing ring (1) and are internally provided with movable rods (3) in a sliding mode, the movable rods (3) are driven by a strutting device arranged in the bearing cylinders (2), one ends of the movable rods (3) outside the bearing cylinders (2) are arranged in an operating mode and are rotatably provided with first ejector rods (6), second ejector rods (7) are vertically and slidably arranged in the first ejector rods (6), U-shaped blocks (8) are arranged on the bearing cylinders (2) in a radial sliding mode along the bearing ring (1), reset springs (9) are connected between the U-shaped blocks (8) and the bearing cylinders (2), and telescopic transmission devices are rotatably arranged on one sides, facing the first ejector rods (6), of the U-shaped, the telescopic transmission device is connected with the first ejector rod (6) and can drive the first ejector rod (6) to rotate around the moving rod (3), a lifting lead screw (10) in threaded fit with the second ejector rod (7) is rotatably mounted in the first ejector rod (6), the lifting lead screw (10) is connected with the U-shaped block (8) through a synchronous transmission device, a driving device for driving the U-shaped block (8) to move is arranged on the bearing ring (1), and the second ejector rod (7) is driven to move downwards along the first ejector rod (6) through the synchronous transmission device while the first ejector rod (6) is driven to rotate through the moving U-shaped block (8) under the action of the driving device;

be provided with on carriage release lever (3) and be used for spacing stop device and stop device to first ejector pin (6), last controlling means and the controlling means of being provided with of drive arrangement is connected with the stop device electricity to both cooperations satisfy: when the driving device starts to work and does not drive the U-shaped block (8) to move, the control device firstly releases the limit of the limiting device on the first ejector rod (6);

second ejector pin (7) bottom horizontal both sides respectively lateral sliding installs expansion plate (11) and two expansion plate (11) longitudinal separation set up, be connected with expanding spring (12) and expansion plate (11) up end fixed mounting between expansion plate (11) and second ejector pin (7) and have triangle sloping block (13), first ejector pin (6) internal fixation have with triangle sloping block (13) matched with trigger sloping block (14) and both cooperate and satisfy: when the second push rod (7) moves downwards for a certain distance, the two expansion plates (11) are forced to slide outwards.

2. The distraction hook in lumbar vertebra surgery according to claim 1, wherein the U-shaped block (8) is slidably mounted on two side walls of the bearing cylinder (2), an arc-shaped rod (15) coaxially arranged with the bearing ring (1) is fixedly mounted on the upper end surface of the U-shaped block (8), an arc-shaped guide rail (16) coaxially arranged with the bearing ring (1) is rotatably matched with the arc-shaped rod (15), the arc-shaped guide rail (16) is radially slidably mounted on the bearing ring (1) along the bearing ring (1) and is connected with a sliding spring (17) between the arc-shaped guide rail (16) and the bearing ring (1), and an arc-shaped extrusion plate (19) are integrally arranged on one side of the arc-shaped guide rail (16) departing from the first ejector rod (6) and driven by.

3. The distraction hook for lumbar surgery according to claim 2, wherein the driving device comprises a driving ring (20) rotatably mounted on the upper end surface of the bearing ring (1) and coaxially arranged with the bearing ring (1), the driving ring (20) is provided with arc-shaped trigger plates (21) matched with the arc-shaped squeezing plates (19) at equal intervals, the driving gear (22) is arranged on the upper part of the outer circular surface of the driving ring (20) at equal intervals, the driving gear (22) is meshed with a driving gear (23) rotatably mounted on the bearing ring (1), and the driving gear (23) is driven by a driving motor (24) mounted on the bearing ring (1).

4. The distraction hook according to claim 3, wherein said telescopic transmission means comprises a slide bar (25) vertically slidably mounted on the upper end of the first top bar (6) and a rectangular bar (27) rotatably mounted on the upper end of the slide bar (25), and the other end of the rectangular bar (27) is rotatably mounted on the U-shaped block (8).

5. The distraction hook for lumbar surgery according to claim 1, wherein both ends of the first top bar (6) are rotatably mounted on the movable bar (3) through a rotating shaft (28), and a driving shaft (29) which is coaxial with the rotating shaft (28) is rotatably mounted in the first top bar (6), the driving shaft (29) drives the lifting screw rod (10) through a bevel gear set (30), one end of the driving shaft (29) penetrates through the rotating shaft (28) at intervals and penetrates out of one end of the driving shaft to be sleeved with an inherent main transmission gear (31), the main transmission gear (31) is meshed with a secondary transmission gear (32) which is rotatably arranged on the movable rod (3), the auxiliary transmission gear (32) coaxially rotates to form a first worm wheel (33), the first worm wheel (33) is matched with a first worm (34) rotatably installed on the moving rod (3), and the first worm (34) is connected with the synchronous transmission device.

6. The distraction hook according to claim 5, wherein the synchronous transmission device comprises a cylinder (35) which is axially and slidably matched with the first worm (34) and is rotatably mounted on the bearing cylinder (2), a second worm wheel (36) is fixedly sleeved on one end of the cylinder (35) far away from the first ejector rod (6), the second worm wheel (36) is matched with a second worm (37) which is rotatably mounted on the bearing cylinder (2), the second worm (37) is coaxially rotated with a synchronous gear (38), and the synchronous gear (38) is meshed with a synchronous rack (39) fixedly mounted on the U-shaped block (8).

7. The distraction hook according to claim 1, wherein the limiting device comprises a contact plate (40) slidably mounted on the movable rod (3) and extending along the length direction of the movable rod (3), a contact spring (41) is connected between the contact plate (40) and the movable rod (3), a positioning hole (42) is formed in the upper end surface of the contact plate (40), a positioning rod (43) matched with the positioning hole (42) is vertically slidably mounted on the movable rod (3), a positioning spring (44) is connected between the positioning rod (43) and the movable rod (3), an iron sheet is fixed on one side of the movable rod (3) facing the electromagnet, and the electromagnet is electrically connected with the control device.

8. The distraction hook for lumbar surgery according to claim 7, wherein the control device comprises an L-shaped frame (45) fixedly mounted on the bearing ring (1), a control rod (46) is slidably mounted at the horizontal position of the L-shaped frame (45), a control spring (47) is connected between the control rod (46) and the L-shaped frame (45), an arc trigger rod (48) coaxially arranged with the bearing ring (1) is integrally arranged at one end of the control rod (46) outside the L-shaped frame (45), a pressure sensor is mounted at the connection position of the control spring (47) inside the horizontal part of the L-shaped frame (45), the pressure sensor is electrically connected with a microcontroller and controls the connection or disconnection of an electromagnet loop, and an arc block (50) matched with the arc trigger rod (48) is fixedly mounted on the driving ring (20).

9. The distraction hook for lumbar surgery according to claim 1, wherein four arc-shaped slideways (51) are equidistantly arranged on the inner circular surface of the bearing ring (1) at intervals, the bearing cylinder (2) is slidably mounted in the corresponding arc-shaped slideways (51) through the arc-shaped plates (26) connected with the bearing ring in an integral manner, two adjacent arc-shaped plates (26) extend out of the bearing ring (1) and one end of each extending out of the bearing ring (1) is fixedly provided with an arc-shaped rack (52) which is coaxial and arranged at intervals, the arc-shaped racks (52) and the bearing ring (1) are coaxially arranged, the bearing ring (1) is rotatably provided with an adjusting gear (53) engaged with the two arc-shaped racks (52) which are matched, and the adjusting gear (53) is driven by an adjusting motor (54).

10. The distraction hook for lumbar surgery according to claim 1, wherein connecting rods (55) are fixedly mounted on two lateral sides of the bearing ring (1), the connecting rods (55) are respectively slidably mounted with L-shaped rods (56), one of the L-shaped rods (56) is rotatably mounted with a lateral screw (57) in threaded fit with the connecting rod (55), the vertical parts of the two L-shaped rods (56) are respectively vertically slidably mounted with a lifting cylinder (59), the other L-shaped rod (56) is in threaded fit with a vertical screw (58) rotatably mounted in the lifting cylinder (59), the vertical adjusting screw is driven by a lifting motor (60) mounted in the lifting cylinder (59), and the two lifting cylinders (59) are slidably mounted on the bed.

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