CN111328127A - Communication method, communication device, and storage medium - Google Patents

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a communication method, a communication device, and a storage medium. The method includes: a network device sends a beacon frame on a wireless channel of a wireless local area network, where the beacon frame includes indication information, and the indication information is used to indicate The communication process in which the network device and the Internet of Things device within the coverage of the network device use back reflection to communicate on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network; the network device and the Internet of Things device are in the The communication process is carried out on a wireless channel. Through the network device on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network, the back-reflection method is used to communicate with the IoT device, which increases the communication distance between the network device and the IoT device, so that the network device and the IoT device can communicate normally without being close to each other. Thereby, the communication efficiency of the network device and the Internet of Things device is improved, and the communication requirements of the Internet of Things are met.

Description

Communication method, communication device, and storage medium

technical field

The present application relates to the field of communication technologies, and in particular, to a communication method, a communication device, and a storage medium.

Background technique

Modulated Backscatter is a low-cost, low-power wireless communication method. Devices that communicate through back reflection transmit information by modulating radio frequency signals in the environment. The radio frequency signals in the environment include wireless TV signals, broadcast signals, signals sent by mobile communication stations, signals sent by WiFi AP (routers), special read The signal sent by the card reader, etc.

In the prior art, the most widely used back reflection technology is the radio frequency identification (Radio Frequency Identification, RFID) technology. In RFID technology, the two communicating parties include a card reader and a tag, wherein the card reader includes a receiver and a radio frequency (Radio Frequency, RF) signal source, and the tag needs to be close to the card reader and obtained through the RF signal sent by the RF signal source. energy. After the tag gets energy, the tag and the card reader communicate through back reflection.

However, with the continuous development of the Internet of Things (Internet of Things, IOT), everything needs to be interconnected, and the radio frequency identification technology requires the reader and the tag to be close to work. Therefore, the radio frequency identification technology cannot meet the communication needs of the Internet of Things.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present application provides a communication method, a communication device and a storage medium, so as to improve the communication efficiency of network devices and IoT devices and meet the communication requirements of the IoT.

In a first aspect, the present application provides a communication method, the method includes: a network device sends a beacon frame on a wireless channel of a wireless local area network, the beacon frame includes indication information, and the indication information is used to indicate the network The communication process in which the device and the Internet of Things device within the coverage of the network device use back reflection on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network. The communication process is carried out on the channel. Through the solution provided in this embodiment, the communication distance between the network device and the IoT device is increased, so that the network device and the IoT device can communicate normally without being close to each other, thereby improving the communication efficiency between the network device and the IoT device. Meet the communication needs of the Internet of Things.

In a possible design, before the network device sends the beacon frame on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network, the method further includes: the network device controls the radio frequency signal source to send the radio frequency signal, and the radio frequency signal is used to send the radio frequency signal to the wireless local area network. The IoT device is charged. With the solution provided in this embodiment, it can be avoided that the Internet of Things device cannot work normally due to insufficient power, so that the Internet of Things device can be charged without battery power supply, thereby saving power resources.

In a possible design, before the network device sends the beacon frame on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network, the method further includes: the network device uses a wireless local area network communication manner to communicate to terminals within the coverage of the network device Preamble information is sent, where the preamble information includes the time occupied by the wireless channel required by the network device and the Internet of Things device to communicate by using the back reflection method. Through the solution provided in this embodiment, the terminal within the coverage area of the network device can be prompted that the network device and the Internet of Things device use the back reflection method to communicate with the wireless channel for the time required to avoid the terminal at this time. Consumption of network resources caused by sending information to the network device and the network device being unable to communicate with the terminal normally.

In a possible design, the communication process is a scheduling access process; the network device and the IoT device perform the communication process on the wireless channel, including: the network device is in the wireless channel Send a scheduling frame to at least one first IoT device on the channel, where the scheduling frame includes identification information of the at least one first IoT device, and the first IoT device is an IoT device that has been registered in the network device A networking device; the network device receives, on the wireless channel, the first data sent by the at least one first IoT device using the back reflection method. Through the solution provided in this embodiment, the network device can specify the IoT device to report data, and the scheduling management of the IoT device by the network device is realized.

In a possible design, the network device sending a scheduling frame to at least one first IoT device on the wireless channel includes: the network device sending the network device to other IoT devices on the wireless channel scheduling frame, the other IoT device is used to forward the scheduling frame to the at least one first IoT device; the network device receives the at least one first IoT device on the wireless channel using the The first data sent by the back-reflection method includes: the network device receives, on the wireless channel, the first data forwarded by the other IoT device and reported by the at least one first IoT device using the back-reflection method. a data. With the solution provided in this embodiment, the network device that is far apart and the first Internet of Things device can communicate normally, and the reliability of the communication is ensured.

In a possible design, the communication process is a random access process; the network device and the IoT device perform the communication process on the wireless channel, including: the network device is in the wireless channel Receive on the channel a registration request frame sent by at least one second Internet of Things device using the back-reflection method, the registration request frame at least includes identification information of the second Internet of Things device, and the second Internet of Things device is not in the IoT devices registered in the network device.

In a possible design, after the network device receives a registration request frame sent by at least one second IoT device on the wireless channel, the method further includes: the network device sends a registration request frame to the wireless channel on the wireless channel. The at least one second Internet of Things device sends a registration response frame; the network device receives, on the wireless channel, the second data sent by the at least one second Internet of Things device in the back reflection manner.

In a possible design, the network device receives, on the wireless channel, the second data sent by the at least one second IoT device in the back-reflection manner, including: the network device is in the wireless channel. The second data reported by the at least one second Internet of Things device and forwarded by other Internet of Things devices in the back-reflection manner is received on the channel.

In a possible design, the registration request frame further includes second data reported by the second IoT device to the network device.

In a possible design, the network device includes the radio frequency signal source.

In a possible design, the network device controlling the radio frequency signal source to send the radio frequency signal includes: the network device sending trigger information to the radio frequency signal source, where the trigger information is used to trigger the radio frequency signal source to send the radio frequency signal source. the radio frequency signal.

In a possible design, the preamble information includes the trigger information.

In a second aspect, the present application provides a communication method. The method includes: a first IoT device receives a beacon frame sent by a network device on a wireless channel of a wireless local area network, where the beacon frame includes indication information, and the indication information A communication process for instructing the network device and the first Internet of Things device to communicate using back reflection on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network; where the first Internet of Things device and the network device are located The communication process is performed on the wireless channel.

In a possible design, before the first Internet of Things device receives the beacon frame sent by the network device on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network, the method further includes: the first Internet of Things device receives a signal sent by a radio frequency signal source The radio frequency signal is used to charge the first Internet of Things device.

In a possible design, the communication process is a scheduling access process; the first Internet of Things device and the network device perform the communication process on the wireless channel, including: the first Internet of Things device The device receives, on the wireless channel, a scheduling frame sent by the network device, where the scheduling frame includes identification information of the first IoT device that has been registered in the network device IoT device; the first IoT device sends first data to the network device by using the back reflection method on the wireless channel.

In a possible design, the first IoT device receiving the scheduling frame sent by the network device on the wireless channel includes: the first IoT device receiving other IoT devices on the wireless channel The scheduling frame of the network device forwarded by the device; the first IoT device sends the first data to the network device by using the back reflection method on the wireless channel, including: the first IoT device is in the The back reflection method is used on the wireless channel to send the first data to other IoT devices, and the other IoT devices are used to forward the first data to the network device.

In a third aspect, the present application provides a communication method, including: a second IoT device receives a beacon frame sent by a network device on a wireless channel of a wireless local area network, where the beacon frame includes indication information, and the indication information is used for A communication process of instructing the network device and the second Internet of Things device to communicate on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network by means of back reflection; the second Internet of Things device and the network device communicate in the wireless The communication process is carried out on the channel.

In a possible design, before the second Internet of Things device receives the beacon frame sent by the network device on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network, the method further includes: the second Internet of Things device receives a radio frequency signal source sent by The radio frequency signal is used to charge the second Internet of Things device.

In a possible design, the communication process is a random access process; the second Internet of Things device and the network device perform the communication process on the wireless channel, including: the second Internet of Things device The device sends a registration request frame to the network device using the back-reflection method on the wireless channel, and the registration request frame includes at least the identification information of the second Internet of Things device, and the second Internet of Things device is an unregistered device. IoT devices registered in the network device.

In a possible design, after the second Internet of Things device sends a registration request frame to the network device by using the back reflection method on the wireless channel, the method further includes: The registration response frame sent by the network device is received on the wireless channel; the second IoT device sends the second data to the network device by using the back reflection method on the wireless channel.

In a possible design, the second Internet of Things device sends the second data to the network device by using the back reflection method on the wireless channel, including: the second Internet of Things device is in the wireless channel. The second data is sent to other IoT devices on the channel by using the back reflection method, and the other IoT devices are used to forward the second data to the network device.

In a possible design, the registration request frame further includes second data reported by the second IoT device to the network device.

In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a communication device, comprising: a transceiver module configured to send a beacon frame on a wireless channel of a wireless local area network, where the beacon frame includes indication information, and the indication information is used to indicate the communication a communication process in which the device communicates with an IoT device within the coverage range of the communication device by using back reflection on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network; and performing the communication with the IoT device on the wireless channel communication process.

In a possible design, the communication device further includes: a control module, configured to control the radio frequency signal source to send a radio frequency signal before the transceiver module sends a beacon frame on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network, and the radio frequency signal uses for charging the IoT device.

In a possible design, the transceiver module is further configured to: before sending the beacon frame on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network, use the wireless local area network communication mode to send preamble information to the terminals within the coverage of the communication device, the The preamble information includes the time required for the communication device to occupy the wireless channel to communicate with the IoT device using the back reflection method.

In a possible design, the communication process is a scheduling access process; when the transceiver module and the Internet of Things device perform the communication process on the wireless channel, the communication process is specifically used for: in the wireless channel sending a scheduling frame to at least one first IoT device, where the scheduling frame includes identification information of the at least one first IoT device, and the first IoT device is an IoT device that has been registered in the communication device device; and receiving, on the wireless channel, the first data sent by the at least one first Internet of Things device using the back-reflection method.

In a possible design, when the transceiver module sends a scheduling frame to at least one first IoT device on the wireless channel, it is specifically configured to: send the scheduling frame to other IoT devices on the wireless channel frame, the other IoT device is configured to forward the scheduling frame to the at least one first IoT device; the transceiver module receives the at least one first IoT device on the wireless channel using the When the first data is sent in the back-reflection mode, it is specifically used for: receiving, on the wireless channel, the first data forwarded by the other IoT devices and reported by the at least one first IoT device using the back-reflection mode .

In a possible design, the communication process is a random access process; when the transceiver module and the Internet of Things device perform the communication process on the wireless channel, it is specifically used for: in the wireless channel Receive a registration request frame sent by at least one second Internet of Things device using the back reflection method, the registration request frame includes at least the identification information of the second Internet of Things device, and the second Internet of Things device is not in the IoT devices registered in the communication device.

In a possible design, after the transceiver module receives a registration request frame sent by at least one second Internet of Things device on the wireless channel, the transceiver module is further configured to: send a message to the wireless channel on the wireless channel At least one second Internet of Things device sends a registration response frame; and receives second data sent by the at least one second Internet of Things device using the back reflection method on the wireless channel.

In a possible design, when the transceiver module receives the second data sent by the at least one second Internet of Things device in the back-reflection manner on the wireless channel, it is specifically used for: on the wireless channel receiving the second data reported by the at least one second Internet of Things device and forwarded by other Internet of Things devices in the back-reflection manner.

In a possible design, the registration request frame further includes second data reported by the second IoT device to the communication apparatus.

In a possible design, the communication device includes the radio frequency signal source.

In a possible design, when the control module controls the radio frequency signal source to send the radio frequency signal, it is specifically configured to: control the transceiver module to send trigger information to the radio frequency signal source, where the trigger information is used to trigger the radio frequency signal A signal source transmits the radio frequency signal.

In a possible design, the preamble information includes the trigger information.

In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a communication device, comprising: a transceiver module configured to receive a beacon frame sent by a network device on a wireless channel of a wireless local area network, where the beacon frame includes indication information, and the indication information is used for A communication process of instructing the network device and the communication apparatus to communicate on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network by means of back reflection; and performing the communication process with the network device on the wireless channel.

In a possible design, before the transceiver module receives the beacon frame sent by the network device on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network, the transceiver module is further configured to: receive the radio frequency signal sent by the radio frequency signal source, and the radio frequency signal is used to send the radio frequency signal to the to charge the communication device.

In a possible design, the communication process is a scheduling access process; when the transceiver module and the network device perform the communication process on the wireless channel, it is specifically used for: on the wireless channel receiving a scheduling frame sent by the network device, where the scheduling frame includes identification information of the communication device, and the communication device is an IoT device that has been registered in the network device; using the wireless channel on the wireless channel The first data is sent to the network device in a back reflection manner.

In a possible design, when the transceiver module receives the scheduling frame sent by the network device on the wireless channel, it is specifically configured to: receive the network device forwarded by other IoT devices on the wireless channel When the transceiver module sends the first data to the network device by using the back-reflection method on the wireless channel, it is specifically used for: using the back-reflection method on the wireless channel to send the first data to other objects The networked device sends the first data, and other IoT devices are used to forward the first data to the network device.

In a sixth aspect, the present application provides a communication device, comprising: a transceiver module configured to receive a beacon frame sent by a network device on a wireless channel of a wireless local area network, where the beacon frame includes indication information, and the indication information is used for A communication process of instructing the network device and the communication apparatus to communicate on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network by means of back reflection; and performing the communication process with the network device on the wireless channel.

In a possible design, before the transceiver module receives the beacon frame sent by the network device on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network, the transceiver module is further configured to: receive the radio frequency signal sent by the radio frequency signal source, and the radio frequency signal is used to send the radio frequency signal to the to charge the communication device.

In a possible design, the communication process is a random access process; when the transceiver module and the network device perform the communication process on the wireless channel, it is specifically used for: on the wireless channel A registration request frame is sent to the network device using the back-reflection method, where the registration request frame at least includes identification information of the communication device, and the communication device is an IoT device that is not registered in the network device.

In a possible design, after the transceiver module sends a registration request frame to the network device in the back-reflection mode on the wireless channel, it is further configured to: receive the network device on the wireless channel The sent registration response frame; the second data is sent to the network device by using the back reflection method on the wireless channel.

In a possible design, when the transceiver module sends the second data to the network device by using the back-reflection method on the wireless channel, it is specifically configured to: use the back-reflection method on the wireless channel The second data is sent to other IoT devices in a manner, and the other IoT devices are used to forward the second data to the network device.

In a possible design, the registration request frame further includes second data reported by the communication apparatus to the network device.

In a seventh aspect, the present application provides a communication device, including a processor and a transceiver, the processor and the transceiver communicate with each other through an internal connection; the processor is used to generate a beacon frame, and the beacon frame includes indication information, so The indication information is used to instruct the communication device to communicate with the Internet of Things devices within the coverage of the communication device by using back reflection on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network; the transceiver is used to communicate in the wireless local area network. The beacon frame is sent on the wireless channel, and the communication process is performed with the IoT device on the wireless channel.

In a possible design, the processor is further configured to: control a radio frequency signal source to transmit radio frequency signals before the transceiver transmits the beacon frame on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network, the The radio frequency signal is used to charge the IoT device.

In a possible design, before the transceiver sends the beacon frame on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network, the transceiver is further configured to: use a wireless local area network communication mode to communicate to terminals within the coverage of the communication device Sending preamble information, where the preamble information includes the time occupied by the wireless channel required by the communication apparatus and the Internet of Things device to communicate by using the back reflection method.

In a possible design, the communication process is a scheduling access process; when the transceiver and the Internet of Things device perform the communication process on the wireless channel, the communication process is specifically used for: in the wireless channel sending a scheduling frame to at least one first IoT device, where the scheduling frame includes identification information of the at least one first IoT device, and the first IoT device is an IoT device that has been registered in the communication device device; and receiving, on the wireless channel, the first data sent by the at least one first Internet of Things device using the back-reflection method.

In a possible design, when the transceiver sends a scheduling frame to at least one first IoT device on the wireless channel, it is specifically configured to: send the scheduling frame to other IoT devices on the wireless channel frame, the other IoT device is used to forward the scheduling frame to the at least one first IoT device; the transceiver receives the at least one first IoT device on the wireless channel using the When the first data is sent in the back-reflection mode, it is specifically used for: receiving, on the wireless channel, the first data forwarded by the other IoT devices and reported by the at least one first IoT device using the back-reflection mode .

In a possible design, the communication process is a random access process; when the transceiver and the Internet of Things device perform the communication process on the wireless channel, it is specifically used for: using the wireless channel Receive a registration request frame sent by at least one second Internet of Things device using the back reflection method, the registration request frame includes at least the identification information of the second Internet of Things device, and the second Internet of Things device is not in the IoT devices registered in the communication device.

In a possible design, after the transceiver receives a registration request frame sent by at least one second IoT device on the wireless channel, the transceiver is further configured to: send a request to the at least one second IoT device on the wireless channel The IoT device sends a registration response frame; and the second data sent by the at least one second IoT device using the back reflection method is received on the wireless channel.

In a possible design, when the transceiver receives the second data sent by the at least one second Internet of Things device in the back-reflection manner on the wireless channel, it is specifically used for: on the wireless channel receiving the second data reported by the at least one second Internet of Things device and forwarded by other Internet of Things devices in the back-reflection manner.

In a possible design, the registration request frame further includes second data reported by the second IoT device to the communication apparatus.

In a possible design, the communication device includes the radio frequency signal source.

In a possible design, when the processor controls the radio frequency signal source to send the radio frequency signal, it is specifically configured to: send trigger information to the radio frequency signal source through the transceiver, where the trigger information is used to trigger the radio frequency A signal source transmits the radio frequency signal.

In a possible design, the preamble information includes the trigger information.

In an eighth aspect, the present application provides a communication device, comprising: a processor and a transceiver, the processor and the transceiver communicate with each other through an internal connection; the transceiver is configured to receive a beacon sent by a network device on a wireless channel of a wireless local area network frame, the beacon frame includes indication information, and the indication information is used to instruct the network device and the communication device to communicate in the wireless channel of the wireless local area network using the back reflection method; The network device performs the communication process on the wireless channel.

In a possible design, before the transceiver receives the beacon frame sent by the network device on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network, the transceiver is further configured to: receive the radio frequency signal sent by the radio frequency signal source, and the radio frequency signal is used to send the radio frequency signal to the to charge the communication device.

In a possible design, the communication process is a scheduling access process; when the transceiver and the network device perform the communication process on the wireless channel, it is specifically used for: on the wireless channel receiving a scheduling frame sent by the network device, where the scheduling frame includes identification information of the communication device, and the communication device is an IoT device that has been registered in the network device; using the wireless channel on the wireless channel The first data is sent to the network device in a back reflection manner.

In a possible design, when the transceiver receives the scheduling frame sent by the network device on the wireless channel, it is specifically configured to: receive the network device forwarded by other IoT devices on the wireless channel When the transceiver sends the first data to the network device by using the back reflection method on the wireless channel, it is specifically used for: using the back reflection method on the wireless channel to send the first data to other objects The networked device sends the first data, and other IoT devices are used to forward the first data to the network device.

In a ninth aspect, the present application provides a communication device, comprising: a processor and a transceiver, the processor and the transceiver communicate with each other through an internal connection; the transceiver is configured to receive a beacon sent by a network device on a wireless channel of a wireless local area network frame, the beacon frame includes indication information, and the indication information is used to instruct the network device and the communication device to communicate in the wireless channel of the wireless local area network using the back reflection method; The network device performs the communication process on the wireless channel.

In a possible design, before the transceiver receives the beacon frame sent by the network device on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network, the transceiver is further configured to: receive the radio frequency signal sent by the radio frequency signal source, and the radio frequency signal is used to send the radio frequency signal to the to charge the communication device.

In a possible design, the communication process is a random access process; when the transceiver and the network device perform the communication process on the wireless channel, it is specifically used for: on the wireless channel A registration request frame is sent to the network device using the back-reflection method, where the registration request frame at least includes identification information of the communication device, and the communication device is an IoT device that is not registered in the network device.

In a possible design, after the transceiver sends a registration request frame to the network device in the back-reflection mode on the wireless channel, the transceiver is further configured to: receive the network device on the wireless channel The sent registration response frame; the second data is sent to the network device by using the back reflection method on the wireless channel.

In a possible design, when the transceiver sends the second data to the network device by using the back-reflection method on the wireless channel, the transceiver is specifically configured to: use the back-reflection method on the wireless channel The second data is sent to other IoT devices in a manner, and the other IoT devices are used to forward the second data to the network device.

In a possible design, the registration request frame further includes second data reported by the communication apparatus to the network device.

In a tenth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when it runs on a computer, causes the computer to execute the first aspect, the second aspect or the third aspect the method described.

In an eleventh aspect, the present application provides a computer program for executing the method of the first aspect, the second aspect or the third aspect when the computer program is executed by a computer.

In a possible design, the program in the eleventh aspect may be stored in whole or in part on a storage medium packaged with the processor, or may be stored in part or in part in a memory not packaged with the processor.

In a twelfth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication system, including the communication devices described in the fourth aspect, the fifth aspect, and the sixth aspect.

In a thirteenth aspect, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication system, including the communication devices described in the seventh aspect, the eighth aspect, and the ninth aspect.

It can be seen that in the above aspects, the back-reflection method is used to communicate with the IoT device on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network through the network device, which increases the communication distance between the network device and the IoT device, so that the network device and the IoT device do not need Normal communication can be carried out when they are close to each other, thereby improving the communication efficiency of network devices and IoT devices, and meeting the communication requirements of the IoT.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitter of an Internet of Things device provided by the application;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a receiver of an Internet of Things device provided by the application;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitter of another Internet of Things device provided by the application;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a WiFi network based on back-reflection communication according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 6 is another WiFi network architecture diagram based on back-reflection communication according to an embodiment of the present application;

7 is a schematic diagram of another application scenario provided by the present application;

8 is a schematic diagram of yet another application scenario provided by the present application;

9 is a flow chart of a communication method provided by the present application;

FIG. 10 is another WiFi network architecture diagram based on back-reflection communication provided by the application;

11 is a schematic diagram of a communication protocol provided by the application;

12 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure provided by the application;

13 is a signaling diagram of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 14 is a signaling diagram of another communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 15 is a signaling diagram of still another communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 16 is a signaling diagram of another communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 17 is a signaling diagram of another communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 18 is a signaling diagram of another communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 19 is a signaling diagram of another communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of a physical frame provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of a network architecture provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of a channel estimation provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 25 is a schematic structural diagram of another network device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 26 is a schematic structural diagram of an Internet of Things device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

The terms used in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain specific embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application.

The embodiments of the present application may be applied to various types of communication systems. FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application. The communication system shown in FIG. 1 mainly includes a network device 11 and an Internet of Things device 12 .

Wherein, 1) the network device 11 may be a network side device, for example, an Access Point (AP) of a wireless local area network (Wireless Local Area Network, WLAN), an evolved base station (Evolved Node B, eNB or eNodeB) of 4G, The base station of the next generation communication, such as the 5G New Radio Access Technology (NR) base station (next generation Node B, gNB) or small cell, micro cell, can also be a relay station, transmission and reception point (Transmission and reception point). Reception Point, TRP), Road Side Unit (RSU), etc. In this embodiment, the base stations in the communication systems of different communication standards are different. For the sake of distinction, the base station of the 4G communication system is called Long Term Evolution (LTE) eNB, the base station of the 5G communication system is called NR gNB, and the base station that supports both the 4G communication system and the 5G communication system is called an evolved long-term evolution. Evolution (Evolutional Long Term Evolution, eLTE) eNB, these names are only for convenience of distinction, and have no limiting meaning.

2) The IoT device 12 may be a network-side device or a terminal-side device, and the network-side device or the terminal-side device includes radio frequency tags, various types of sensors or smart cards, and the like.

3) "Multiple" refers to two or more, and other quantifiers are similar. "And/or", which describes the corresponding relationship between associated objects, means that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean that A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. The character "/" generally indicates that the associated objects are an "or" relationship.

It should be noted that, the number and types of IoT devices 12 included in the communication system shown in FIG. 1 are merely an example, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto. For example, more IoT devices 12 that communicate with the network device 11 may also be included, which are not described one by one in the accompanying drawings for the sake of concise description. In addition, in the communication system shown in FIG. 1, although the network device 11 and the IoT device 12 are shown, the communication system may not be limited to including the network device 11 and the IoT device 12, for example, it may also include terminals, Core network nodes or devices for carrying virtualized network functions, etc., are obvious to those skilled in the art, and will not be repeated here.

In addition, the embodiments of the present application can be applied not only to the Internet of Things, but also to 4G wireless communication systems represented by Long Term Evolution (LTE), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication systems, and device-to-device (Device-to-Device, D2D) communication system, the subsequent evolution of LTE, etc. Alternatively, it can also be applied to the next-generation wireless communication system, that is, the 5G communication system, as well as other systems that may appear in the future, such as the next-generation Wi-Fi network, 5G Internet of Vehicles, etc. The embodiments of the present application take the Internet of Things as an example.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the IoT device 12 can communicate with the network device 11 or other devices by way of backscatter. Back reflection is a technique suitable for low cost, low power systems. A device using back-reflection communication may not generate a radio frequency (RF) signal, but transmit information by modulating a radio frequency signal in the environment. The signal sent by the wireless fidelity (WIreless-FIdelity, WiFi) AP, the signal sent by the special card reader, etc.

In this embodiment, the IoT device may be an active device or a passive device. When the IoT device is passive, the IoT device can also be powered by collecting RF signals from the environment, similar to wireless charging. FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitter of an IoT device that communicates by way of backscatter. As shown in Figure 2, when there is a radio frequency signal in the surrounding environment of the IoT device, the antenna of the transmitter of the IoT device can receive the radio frequency signal, and the IoT device can store the energy of the radio frequency signal received by the antenna in the energy storage In the device, the energy storage device may specifically be a capacitor. When the energy in the energy storage device reaches a certain threshold, the IoT device can start to work. When the IoT device includes a sensor, the IoT device can drive the sensor to work.

The RF signal in the surrounding environment of the IoT device can not only charge the IoT device, but the IoT device can also send information by modulating the RF signal in the surrounding environment. As a feasible implementation method, the IoT device sends information by controlling the impedance of the transmitting antenna. Taking binary on-off keying (OOK) as an example, the RF signal received by the IoT device is recorded. is x, the signal reflected by the IoT device, that is, the signal sent by the IoT device, is denoted as y, and the relationship between x and y can be expressed by the following formula (1):

y=Γx(1)

其中，z_a表示天线阻抗，z_a通常为50欧。

表示天线阻抗z_a的共轭。z_i表示匹配阻抗。如图2所示，物联网设备可通过开关控制的方式，从阻抗z₁和阻抗z₂中选择一个阻抗作为匹配阻抗z_i，也就是说，匹配阻抗z_i可以是阻抗z₁和阻抗z₂中的一个。可选的，z₁等于

z₂不等于

根据上述公式(1)可知，当匹配阻抗z_i为z₁也就是

时，反射系数Γ＝0，y＝0，说明射频信号x的能量完全被该物联网设备吸收，该物联网设备不发送信号，此时可认为该物联网设备发送的信号是“0”。当匹配阻抗z_i为z₂时，反射系数Γ≠0，y≠0，说明射频信号x的能量被该物联网设备反射，该物联网设备发送信号，此时可认为该物联网设备发送的信号是“1”。当Γ＝1时，说明该物联网设备没有吸收该射频信号x的能量，该物联网设备将该射频信号x全部用于反射信号。Among them, Γ represents the reflection coefficient, and Γ can be expressed as:

Among them, _za represents the antenna impedance, and _za is usually 50 ohms.

represents the conjugate of the antenna impedance _za . _zi represents the matching impedance. As shown in Figure 2, the IoT device can select an impedance from the impedance z ₁ and the impedance z ₂ as the matching impedance _zi by means of switch control, that is, the matching impedance _zi can be the impedance z ₁ and the impedance z one of ₂ . Optionally, z ₁ equals

z ₂ is not equal to

According to the above formula (1), when the matching impedance _zi is z ₁ , that is,

When , the reflection coefficient Γ=0, y=0, indicating that the energy of the radio frequency signal x is completely absorbed by the IoT device, and the IoT device does not send a signal. At this time, it can be considered that the signal sent by the IoT device is "0". When the matching impedance _zi is z ₂ , the reflection coefficient Γ≠0, y≠0, indicating that the energy of the radio frequency signal x is reflected by the IoT device, and the IoT device sends a signal. At this time, it can be considered that the IoT device sends a signal. The signal is "1". When Γ=1, it means that the IoT device does not absorb the energy of the radio frequency signal x, and the IoT device uses all the radio frequency signal x to reflect the signal.

Assuming that the signal sent by the IoT device is received by the access point AP, since there are also radio frequency signals in the surrounding environment of the access point AP, the signal received by the AP receiver includes both the radio frequency signal that is not reflected by the IoT device , and also the signal reflected by the IoT device. Optionally, an analog-to-digital converter (Analog-to-Digital Converter, ADC) may be set in the AP receiver, and the ADC may convert the analog signal received by the AP receiver into a digital signal. For example, the ADC may The analog signal received by the AP receiver is sampled to obtain a discrete sampled signal. The sampled signal can be expressed as y[n], where n represents the sampling sample number, and y[n] can be expressed as the following formula (2):

y[n]=x[n]+αB[n]x[n] (2)

Wherein, x[n] represents the sampling signal of the radio frequency signal in the surrounding environment, that is, the sampling signal of the original radio frequency signal sent by the radio frequency signal source. B[n] is specifically Γ in the above formula (1), B[n]x[n] represents the sampling signal of the signal reflected by the IoT device, and α represents the attenuation coefficient of the reflected signal relative to the original RF signal.

Further, the AP can average the energy of the N sampled signals y[n] described in formula (2), and the average value of the energy of the N sampled signals y[n] can be recorded as the received power P of the AP receiver , the received power P can be expressed as the following formula (3):

When the signal reflected by the IoT device is 0, Γ=0, the received power of the AP receiver

When the signal reflected by the IoT device is 1, Γ≠0, when Γ=1, the received power of the AP receiver

It can be seen that when the signals reflected by the IoT devices are different, the received power of the AP receiver is different. The AP can demodulate the signals reflected by the IoT devices according to the received power of the receiver.

Because the ADC consumes more energy, the ADC is usually set in an AP that is powered by an active source. When the IoT device is a passive device, the IoT device usually uses an analog circuit reception method to receive the signal sent by the AP. As shown in FIG. 3 , the receiver of the IoT device includes an envelope averager (Envelope averager) 31 , a threshold calculator (Threshold Calculator) 32 , a comparator (Comparator) 33 and a decoder 34 . The packet averager 31 averages and smoothes the signal received by the antenna, and outputs the signal energy. Threshold calculator 32 may be used to calculate threshold values. The comparator 33 compares the signal energy output by the packet averager 31 with the threshold value output by the threshold calculator 32, thereby judging whether the signal received by the antenna is 0 or 1.

如图4所示，匹配阻抗z_i可以有多种选择，具体的，匹配阻抗z_i可以是z₁、z₂…….z_M中的一种，也就是说，匹配阻抗z_i可以有M个取值，当匹配阻抗z_i取值变化时，Γ的值变化，导致y的值也变化，即物联网设备反射的信号变化。In another possible way, the IoT device can also use Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) and 16-symbol Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) to control the radio frequency in the surrounding environment. The signal is modulated, and the modulated signal is sent to the AP. FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmitter of an IoT device modulated in a QAM manner. Optionally, the radio frequency signal received by the antenna is denoted as x, and the signal reflected by the antenna, that is, the signal sent by the IoT device, is denoted as y. The relationship between x and y is shown in the above formula (1), Γ represents the reflection coefficient, and Γ can be Expressed as:

As shown in FIG. 4 , the matching impedance _zi can have various options. Specifically, the matching impedance _zi can be one of z ₁ , z ₂ ...... z _M , that is to say, the matching impedance _zi can have M values, when the value of the matching impedance _zi changes, the value of Γ changes, resulting in a change in the value of y, that is, the signal reflected by the IoT device changes.

In the prior art, the most widely used application of Backscatter technology is Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology. Radio Frequency Identification consists of two parts: a reader (Reader) and a tag (Tag). The device includes a receiver and a radio frequency signal source (RF Source), and the tag can be an access control card, a bus card, a radio frequency tag of a commodity, a bank credit card machine, and the like. The working principle of radio frequency identification is as follows: the tag is close to the card reader and obtains energy through the radio frequency signal sent by the radio frequency signal source in the card reader. After the tag obtains energy, the card reader sends an inquiry signal to the tag by means of back reflection. The tag uses the above analog circuit receiving method to receive the query signal, and uses the back reflection method to feed back the relevant information to the card reader. The receiver of the card reader can use the analog circuit receiving method to receive the information sent by the tag, or can use the above-mentioned digital signal processing method to receive the information sent by the tag. As an alternative, when the tag is close to the card reader, the card reader modulates the radio frequency signal sent by the radio frequency signal source to obtain a modulated signal. The modulated signal not only carries the query signal of the card reader, but also The tags can also be charged.

It can be seen that in the RFID technology, the card reader and the tag need to be close to each other even when the distance between the card reader and the tag is 0, the card reader and the tag can work normally. With the Internet of things (IOT) demand for the interconnection of all things, radio frequency identification technology may not be able to meet this demand. In order to meet the requirements of the Internet of things (IOT) for the interconnection of all things, the embodiments of the present application propose a method for combining the back reflection technology with a wireless local area network, such as a wireless fidelity (WIreless-FIdelity, WiFi) technology. That is to say, network devices and IoT devices can communicate in a wireless local area network, such as a wireless channel of WiFi, by means of back reflection.

In the embodiments of the present application, a WiFi system that communicates in a wireless local area network, such as a WiFi wireless channel, using a back-reflection method is referred to as a back-reflection WiFi (Back-Fi) system. An AP that communicates in a wireless local area network, such as a WiFi wireless channel, by means of back reflection is recorded as a Back-Fi AP. A device that communicates in a wireless local area network, such as a wireless channel of WiFi, by means of back reflection is recorded as a Back-Fi device, and the Back-Fi device is specifically an Internet of Things device. Back-Fi APs and IoT devices work on WiFi frequency bands, for example, 2.4GHz, 5GHz frequency bands. Back-Fi APs can preempt WiFi wireless channels based on the Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) principle. The working bandwidth of the Back-Fi AP is the same as that of the WiFi AP, for example, it occupies a 20MHz channel or N consecutive 20MHz channels. The frequency at which the Back-Fi device operates may be a fixed frequency.

FIG. 5 is an architectural diagram of a WiFi network based on back-reflection communication according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 5 , 51 represents an access point AP. In a possible case, the access point 51 only supports the back-reflection method to communicate with IoT devices, that is, the access point 51 is a Back-Fi AP . In another possible situation, the access point 51 supports both the WiFi communication method and the back reflection method, that is, the access point 51 is both a WiFi AP and a Back-Fi AP. Optionally, the access point 51 uses time division duplexing (Time Division Duplexing, TDD) or frequency division duplexing (Frequency Division Duplexing, FDD) to work in the WiFi mode or the Back-Fi mode. The WiFi network architecture diagram shown in FIG. 5 is applicable to a scenario where the access point 51 has a short-distance coverage, and the access point 51 can directly communicate with the IoT devices within its coverage by back reflection. Optionally, the access point 51 is provided with a radio frequency signal source, and the radio frequency signal sent by the radio frequency signal source is used to charge the IoT devices within the coverage area of the access point 51 , and the IoT device 52 is within the coverage area of the access point 51 . One of the multiple IoT devices, the IoT device 52 is relatively close to the access point 51, and the access point 51 and the IoT device 52 can communicate directly on the wireless channel of the WiFi network using back reflection.

FIG. 6 is an architectural diagram of another WiFi network based on back-reflection communication according to an embodiment of the present application. The WiFi network architecture diagram shown in FIG. 6 is applicable to the scenario of the long-distance coverage of the access point 51. In this scenario, the radio frequency signal source and the access point 51 may be independent devices, or the access point 51 may be an independent device. Point 51 may include the source of the radio frequency signal. At this time, the modes of communication between the access point 51 and the IoT devices within its coverage are divided into the following modes:

One mode is that IoT devices that are closer to the access point 51 , such as the IoT device 61 , can communicate directly with the access point 51 .

Another mode is: IoT devices that are far away from the access point 51 need other IoT devices to relay. For example, the IoT device 62 is far away from the access point 51 , and the information sent by the access point 51 to the IoT device 62 needs to be forwarded by the IoT device 63 . For another example, the IoT device 64 is far away from the access point 51 , and the information sent by the IoT device 64 to the access point 51 needs to be forwarded through the IoT device 65 .

Another mode is: there is a radio frequency signal source near the IoT device that is far away from the access point 51. For example, there is a radio frequency signal source 67 near the IoT device 66, and the radio frequency signal source 67 can provide the IoT device 66 with stable and powerful. the radio frequency signal, so that the IoT device 66 can directly send information to the access point 51 .

The network architecture shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. 6 can be applied to the application scenario of the smart home shown in FIG. 7 . In this application scenario, the IoT device can specifically be a passive sensor. The passive sensor interacts with the AP through back reflection. The AP is both a WiFi AP and a Back-Fi AP. When the AP and the terminals within its coverage area, For example, when a smartphone, a notebook, or a tablet computer that supports WiFi communication communicates, the AP is a WiFi AP. When the AP communicates with passive sensors within its coverage using back reflection, the AP is a Back-Fi AP. When the AP is a Back-Fi AP, the passive sensor can be charged by radio frequency signals in the surrounding environment, and interact with the AP by way of back reflection on the WiFi wireless channel. For example, the passive sensor may be a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, a gas alarm, a carbon monoxide alarm, etc. The passive sensor sends the data detected by the passive sensor to the AP by way of back reflection on the wireless channel of WiFi. Since the passive sensor does not require battery power, the passive sensor can be placed in any position, and the passive sensor can be used for a long time, thereby achieving the effect of energy saving and environmental protection.

In addition, the network architecture shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. 6 can also be applied to the application scenario of logistics and warehouse management shown in FIG. 8 . In this application scenario, the IoT device may specifically be a radio frequency tag, and each commodity may be provided with a radio frequency tag. The radio frequency tag can send the product information to the AP by back reflection on the WiFi wireless channel. Alternatively, the AP sends query information to the radio frequency tags within its coverage area in real time by means of back reflection on the WiFi wireless channel. After receiving the query information, the radio frequency tags within the coverage area of the AP send the product information to the WiFi wireless channel. It is sent to the AP by back reflection. Compared with the RFID technology in the prior art, the card reader and the label can work normally only when the card reader and the label need to be close together, which improves the efficiency of logistics and warehouse management.

The embodiment of the present application proposes a communication method between a network device and an Internet of Things device on the basis of combining the back reflection technology with a wireless local area network, such as a wireless fidelity (WIreless-FIdelity, WiFi) technology. The examples of this method are introduced.

FIG. 9 is a flowchart of a communication method provided by the present application. As shown in FIG. 9 , the communication method described in this embodiment includes the following steps:

Step S901, the network device sends a beacon frame on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network, the beacon frame includes indication information, and the indication information is used to indicate that the network device and the Internet of Things devices within the coverage of the network device are in the range. A communication process in which back-reflection mode is used to communicate on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network.

In this embodiment, the wireless local area network may specifically be WiFi, and the network devices work on the WiFi frequency band, such as the 2.4GHz frequency band and the 5GHz frequency band. Taking the 2.4GHz frequency band as an example, the frequency range of the 2.4GHz frequency band is 2.400GHz-2.4835GHz , a total of 83.5M bandwidth, the 83.5M bandwidth can be divided into multiple channels, each channel occupies a certain bandwidth. In this embodiment, the wireless channel of the wireless local area network may specifically be at least one of a plurality of channels in which the bandwidth corresponding to the frequency band of the WiFi is divided.

Specifically, the network device may be an access point AP that only supports back-reflection communication, that is, a Back-Fi AP, or an AP that supports both WiFi communication and back-reflection. As shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. 6 , after the access point 51 preempts the wireless channel of the WiFi, it can communicate with the IoT devices within the coverage of the access point 51 on the wireless channel of the WiFi. As a possible implementation manner, the access point 51 can actively send radio frequency signals to the IoT devices within its coverage, for example, the access point 51 is provided with a radio frequency signal source. The IoT device uses back reflection to reflect the radio frequency signal actively sent by the access point 51, and sends the reflected signal to the access point 51, so as to realize the communication between the access point 51 and the IoT device .

As another possible implementation, the access point 51 can actively send radio frequency signals to IoT devices within its coverage, and the IoT devices use back reflection to actively send radio frequency signals from other devices around the access point 51 The signal is reflected, and the reflected signal is sent to the access point 51 to implement communication between the access point 51 and the IoT device. Other devices here may be terminals such as mobile phones and tablet computers.

As another possible implementation manner, the access point 51 uses back reflection to reflect radio frequency signals of other devices around the access point 51, and the access point 51 sends its reflected signals to objects within its coverage area. Internet-connected devices. The IoT device uses back reflection to reflect the radio frequency signals of other devices around the IoT device, and the IoT device sends its reflected signal to the access point 51 to realize the connection between the access point 51 and the IoT device. Communication. Other devices here may be terminals such as mobile phones and tablet computers.

Specifically, when the access point 51 communicates with the IoT devices within its coverage range on the wireless channel of the WiFi, it can be divided into different communication processes. In different communication processes, the IoT devices that communicate with the access point 51 are different, and the information sent and received by the access point 51 and the IoT device is different. For example, the communication process can be divided into a scheduling access process (Schedule Access) and a random access process (Random Access). The access point 51 may designate one or more registered IoT devices to report data. In the random access process, the IoT device that communicates with the access point 51 is the IoT device that has not been registered in the access point 51 . In order for the IoT devices within the coverage of the access point 51 to determine whether the communication process with the access point 51 is a scheduled access process or a random access process, the access point 51 sends a beacon (Beacon) on the wireless channel of WiFi Specifically, the access point 51 can send the beacon frame to the IoT devices within its coverage by modulating the radio frequency signal sent by the radio frequency signal source inside the access point 51, or the access point 51 can By reflecting the radio frequency signals sent by other devices in the surrounding environment, the beacon frame is sent to the IoT devices within its coverage by means of back reflection. Specifically, the access point 51 may broadcast the beacon frame within its coverage area, and the beacon frame includes indication information, and the indication information is used to instruct the access point 51 to send the beacon frame after the access point 51 sends the beacon frame. 51 The communication process in which the IoT device within its coverage area uses back reflection to communicate on the wireless channel of WiFi is a scheduled access process or a random access process. In some embodiments, the beacon frame may further include identification information of the access point 51, for example, the ID of the access point 51, a media access control address (Media Access Control Address, MAC), and the like. In other embodiments, the beacon frame may further include the duration of the scheduled access procedure or the duration of the random access procedure. For example, the indication information included in the beacon frame indicates that the communication process in which the access point 51 communicates with the IoT devices within its coverage by using back reflection is a scheduling access process, then the beacon frame may also include the scheduling access process. The duration of the entry process. If the indication information included in the beacon frame indicates that the communication process in which the access point 51 communicates with the IoT devices within its coverage by using back reflection is a random access process, the beacon frame may also include the random access process. The duration of the process.

Step S902, the network device and the IoT device perform the communication process on the wireless channel.

After the access point 51 broadcasts the beacon frame within its coverage, the IoT devices within its coverage perform the communication process indicated by the indication information on the WiFi wireless channel. Correspondingly, after the IoT device within the coverage of the access point 51 receives the beacon frame sent by the access point 51, according to the indication information in the beacon frame, it is determined that the access point 51 is within its coverage area. The Internet of Things device adopts the communication process of back reflection, and performs the communication process with the access point 51 on the wireless channel of the WiFi.

For example, if the communication process indicated by the indication information in the beacon frame is a scheduling access process, the access point 51 sends a scheduling frame to the designated IoT device after sending the beacon frame, and the scheduling frame may include at least Identification information of an IoT device that has been registered in the access point 51 , so that the at least one IoT device reports data to the access point 51 . If the communication process indicated by the indication information in the beacon frame is a random access process, after the access point 51 sends the beacon frame, the access point 51 and the Internet of Things devices that have not been registered within its coverage area perform this process. random access procedure. In addition, during the random access process, IoT devices that have not been registered in the access point 51 can also report emergency information, such as an alarm signal of a fire alarm sensor, to the access point 51 .

In this embodiment of the present application, the IoT device may be an active device or a passive device. When the IoT device is a passive device, the IoT device can be charged by the radio frequency signal in the surrounding environment. As a feasible implementation method, the network device such as the access point controls the radio frequency signal source to send the radio frequency signal, the radio frequency signal Used to charge IoT devices within range of this access point. In other embodiments, the IoT device may also be charged in other ways, but not limited to this. There are several ways for the access point to control the RF signal source to send the RF signal:

A possible way is: the access point includes the radio frequency signal source, and the access point can directly control the radio frequency signal source to send the radio frequency signal.

Another possible way is: the access point and the radio frequency signal source are independent devices, the access point sends trigger information (Trigger) to the radio frequency signal source, and the trigger information is used to trigger the radio frequency signal source to send radio frequency signal.

In addition, an IoT device and a terminal supporting WiFi communication may coexist within the coverage of the access point, and the terminal may specifically be a user terminal, such as a smart phone, a notebook computer, a tablet computer, and the like. Since the access point needs to occupy the wireless channel of WiFi when communicating with the IoT device, before the access point communicates with the IoT device, for example, the access point uses back reflection on the wireless channel of WiFi. Before sending the beacon frame, the access point can also send preamble information (Legacy Preamble) to the terminals within the coverage area of the access point by using WiFi communication. The time required to occupy the wireless channel of WiFi for communication in the back reflection method. As shown in FIG. 10 , the coverage of the access point 51 includes not only IoT devices, but also terminals, such as a smart phone 53 , a notebook computer 54 , and the like. Before the access point 51 communicates with the IoT device, the access point 51 uses WiFi communication to send preamble information to the terminal within the coverage of the access point 51, so that the terminal determines that the access point 51 is connected to the IoT device. The time required to occupy the wireless channel for communication using the back-reflection method, during which time the terminal and the access point 51 do not perform WiFi communication.

As a possible embodiment, the access point periodically occupies the wireless channel of WiFi, and communicates with IoT devices within its coverage on the wireless channel by means of back reflection.

As shown in Figure 11, the access point performs WiFi communication with the terminals within its coverage during the time periods t1 and t3, the access point communicates with the IoT devices within its coverage during the time periods t2 and t4, and so on . The access point communicates periodically with IoT devices within its range. Taking the t2 time period as an example, the access point uses WiFi communication to send preamble information to the terminals within its coverage to indicate that the access point needs to occupy the WiFi wireless channel for communication with the IoT devices within its coverage. time. In addition, if the IoT device within the coverage of the access point is a passive device, and the access point and the radio frequency signal source are independent devices, the access point can also send trigger information to the radio frequency signal source, To trigger the radio frequency signal source to send radio frequency signals to charge the Internet of Things device. The trigger information can be implemented in the following possible ways:

A possible implementation manner is: the preamble information includes the trigger information. For example, a specific field is selected in the preamble information, the specific field may be a reserved bit in the trigger information, and the trigger information is represented by setting the specific field to a specific value.

Another possible implementation manner is: the trigger information is a specific signaling independent of the preamble information.

When the RF signal source detects the trigger information, it starts to send the RF signal. During the charging time shown in Figure 11, the IoT device charges by absorbing the energy of the RF signal, and the charging time can be recorded as the MUTE period. Specifically, the access point may send trigger information to the radio frequency signal source in a WiFi communication mode, or may send trigger information to the radio frequency signal source in a back reflection mode, which is not specifically limited here. As shown in FIG. 11 , the RF signal source starts to send RF signals from the beginning of the MUTE period. In addition to charging IoT devices during the MUTE period, the RF signal can also be used for the access point and the IoT device. In the process of communicating with networked devices by means of back reflection. In the process of communicating between the access point and the IoT device using back reflection, the access point sends a beacon frame to the IoT devices within its coverage, and the information that the beacon frame can carry is as described above. It is not repeated here. After the access point sends the beacon frame to the IoT devices within its coverage, the access point communicates with the IoT devices within its coverage according to the communication process indicated by the indication information in the beacon frame, for example, Communication is performed through a random access procedure or a scheduled access procedure.

It can be understood that the communication process shown in FIG. 11 is just an example, and is not limited thereto. In other embodiments, if the IoT device is an active device, or the IoT device is charged in other ways, or the access point does not include a radio frequency signal source, the access point may not send trigger information. In addition, if there is no terminal based on WiFi communication within the coverage area of the access point, the access point may also not send the preamble information. In addition, this embodiment does not limit the sequence of the random access process and the scheduled access process between the access point and the IoT device.

In this embodiment, the network device communicates with the IoT device in a back-reflection mode on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network, which increases the communication distance between the network device and the IoT device, so that the network device and the IoT device do not need to be close to each other. Normal communication, thereby improving the communication efficiency of network devices and IoT devices, and meeting the communication requirements of the IoT.

The frame structure and specific communication process used in the random access process and the scheduling access process are described in detail below. The frame header part of the frame structure is specifically shown in Table 1 below:

Table 1

The source address may specifically be identification information of the transmitter, such as the MAC address of the transmitter, or other IDs of the transmitter. The destination address may specifically be identification information of the receiver, such as the MAC address of the receiver, or other IDs of the receiver. The type field is used to define different types of frames. The types and descriptions of each frame are shown in Table 2 below:

Table 2

FIG. 12 is the frame structure of a beacon frame, an acknowledgment frame, a negative acknowledgement frame, a scheduling frame, a registration request frame, a registration response frame, a registration rejection frame, a heartbeat frame, and a data frame provided by the present application. The frame structure here is specifically a MAC frame structure.

As shown in FIG. 12 , the frame structure of the beacon frame includes a frame header, a duration field and a frame check sequence (FrameCheck Sequence, FCS), and the duration field may occupy two bytes. The duration field includes a duration for indicating the duration of the scheduled access procedure or the duration of the random access procedure following the beacon frame. The beacon frame can be divided into two types. The indication information in the beacon frame of the first type is used to indicate that its follow-up is a scheduled access process, and the indication information of the beacon frame of the second type is used to indicate that its follow-up is random. access process.

As shown in FIG. 12, the frame structure of the acknowledgment frame or the negative acknowledgment frame includes a frame header and a frame check sequence. The acknowledgment frame or the negative acknowledgment frame is used to reply to the data (DATA) frame, and the data frame may be a data frame reported by the IoT device to the network device. If the network device receives the data frame correctly, the network device sends an acknowledgment response frame to the IoT device. If the network device cannot receive the data frame correctly, the network device sends a negative acknowledgement frame to the IoT device.

As shown in Figure 12, the frame structure of the scheduling frame includes a frame header and a frame check sequence. The scheduling frame is used by the network device to schedule the specified IoT device to upload information, and the destination address in the frame header of the scheduling frame is the identification information of the scheduled IoT device. After receiving the scheduling frame, the scheduled IoT device sends a data frame to the network device.

As shown in FIG. 12 , the frame structures of the registration request frame, the registration response frame, and the registration rejection frame include a frame header and a frame check sequence. The registration request frame is used for the IoT device to register with the network device. If the network device successfully receives the registration request frame, or the network device allows the IoT device to register, a registration response frame is sent to the IoT device. If the network device fails to receive the registration request frame, or the network device does not allow the IoT device to register, a registration rejection frame is sent to the IoT device.

As shown in Figure 12, the frame structure of the heartbeat frame includes a frame header and a frame check sequence. Heartbeat frames are used by a network device to detect whether an IoT device is working properly or is within the coverage of that network device.

As shown in Figure 12, the frame structure of the data frame includes a frame header, a data field and a frame check sequence. The length of the data field is determined according to the length of the actual data reported by the IoT device to the network device.

In this embodiment, the length of the frame header may be 20 bytes, that is, 160 bits. Specifically, the frame check sequence may be a cyclic redundancy check (Cyclic Redundancy Check, CRC) check bit with a length of 4 bytes, that is, a length of 32 bits. In other embodiments, the length of the frame header may also be greater than 20 bytes. For example, the frame header may include multiple destination addresses, the length of one destination address is 48 bits, and the length of n destination addresses is n*48 bits , n is greater than or equal to 1, then the length of the frame header is (160+(n-1)*48) bits. Taking the scheduling frame as an example, the network device can schedule at least one IoT device to report information, therefore, the frame header part of the scheduling frame may include identification information of at least one IoT device, that is, at least one destination address.

During the scheduling access process, the communication between the network device and the IoT devices within its coverage range on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network may include the following possible situations:

A possible situation: As shown in Figure 13, the process of scheduling access between the network device and the IoT device on the wireless channel includes the following steps:

Step S1301, the network device sends a scheduling frame to the first Internet of Things device on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network.

The first Internet of Things device is an Internet of Things device that has been registered in the network device, and the number of the first Internet of Things device is not limited here, and may be one or multiple. Here is an example, the destination address in the frame header of the scheduling frame is the identification information of the first Internet of Things device.

Step S1302: The first Internet of Things device sends a data frame to the network device by using back reflection on the wireless channel.

For example, after receiving the scheduling frame, the first Internet of Things device sends a data frame to the network device, and a data field of the data frame includes the first data. Specifically, the first data may be data generated by a first IoT device, for example, the first IoT device is a temperature sensor, and the first data is a temperature value sensed by the temperature sensor.

In other embodiments, the network device may also schedule multiple first IoT devices that have been registered in the network device to report the first data. In this case, the frame header of the scheduling frame sent by the network device includes Multiple destination addresses, each destination address is the identification information of a first IoT device, when the multiple first IoT devices receive the scheduling frame, respectively send a data frame to the network device, the data field of the data frame Include the first data.

Another possible situation is: as shown in Figure 14, the process of scheduling access between the network device and the IoT device on the wireless channel includes the following steps:

Step S1401, the network device sends a scheduling frame to a third IoT device on the wireless channel.

Specifically, the third IoT device may be an IoT device within the coverage of the network device, and the third IoT device may be an IoT device that has been registered in the network device, or may not be registered in the network device. past IoT devices. In this embodiment, the network device may be far away from the first IoT device. When the network device needs to send a scheduling frame to the first IoT device, the network device can pass the third IoT device. The scheduling frame is forwarded to the first IoT device. Specifically, the source address in the frame header of the scheduling frame is the identification information of the network device, the destination address is the identification information of the first IoT device, the relay address is the identification information of the third IoT device, and the relay address is the identification information of the third IoT device. ID is 0.

Step S1402, the third Internet of Things device forwards the scheduling frame to the first Internet of Things device on the wireless channel by means of back reflection.

After receiving the scheduling frame, the third IoT device keeps the source address, destination address, and relay address in the scheduling frame unchanged, modifies the relay identifier to 1, and uses back reflection on the wireless channel The scheduling frame after modifying the relay identifier is forwarded to the first Internet of Things device.

Step S1403, the first Internet of Things device sends a data frame to the third Internet of Things device on the wireless channel by means of back reflection.

After receiving the scheduling frame forwarded by the third Internet of Things device, the first Internet of Things device sends a data frame to the third Internet of Things device by using back reflection on the wireless channel, and the data field of the data frame includes the first data, the source address in the frame header of the data frame is the identification information of the first Internet of Things device, the destination address is the identification information of the network device, the relay address is the identification information of the third Internet of Things device, and the relay identification Set to 0.

Step S1404: The third Internet of Things device sends an acknowledgment response frame to the first Internet of Things device by means of back reflection on the wireless channel.

After receiving the data frame sent by the first Internet of Things device, the third Internet of Things device feeds back an acknowledgment response frame to the first Internet of Things device by means of back reflection on the wireless channel.

Step S1405, the third Internet of Things device sends the data frame to the network device by using back reflection on the wireless channel.

The third IoT device keeps the source address, destination address, and relay address in the data frame unchanged, modifies the relay identifier in the first data to 1, and uses back reflection on the wireless channel to modify the The data frame after the relay identification is forwarded to the network device.

Step S1406, the network device sends an acknowledgment response frame to the third Internet of Things device in a back-reflection manner on the wireless channel.

After the network device successfully receives the data frame, it sends an acknowledgment frame to the third Internet of Things device by means of back reflection on the wireless channel.

In this embodiment, the sequence of step S1404 and step S1405 is not limited. In addition, the first IoT device may not be limited to one, but may also be multiple. When the network device needs to schedule multiple first IoT devices to report data, the third IoT device sends the data to the multiple first IoT devices respectively. The process of scheduling frames and the process of the third IoT device forwarding the data frame of each first IoT device in the plurality of first IoT devices to the network device are similar to the process shown in FIG. 14 , It will not be repeated here.

Another possible situation is: as shown in FIG. 15 , the process of scheduling access between the network device and the IoT device on the wireless channel includes the following steps:

Step S1501 , the network device sends a heartbeat frame to the first Internet of Things device in a back-reflection manner on the wireless channel.

When the network device needs to detect whether a registered first IoT device is working normally, or the network device needs to detect whether a registered first IoT device is within the coverage of the network device, the network device A heartbeat frame may be sent to the first Internet of Things device on the wireless channel by means of back reflection, and the destination address of the heartbeat frame is the identification information of the first Internet of Things device.

Step S1502, the first Internet of Things device sends an acknowledgment response frame to the network device by means of back reflection on the wireless channel.

After the first Internet of Things device successfully receives the heartbeat frame, it sends an acknowledgement frame to the network device by means of back reflection on the wireless channel.

It can be understood that the network device can also detect whether multiple first IoT devices work normally, or detect whether multiple first IoT devices are within the coverage of the network device. At this time, the heartbeat frame sent by the network device can be Including multiple destination addresses, each destination address is identification information of a first Internet of Things device.

It should be noted that the communication process shown in Figure 13, Figure 14, and Figure 15 are only examples of the scheduling access process. During the scheduling access process, the network device and the IoT devices within its coverage are on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network. The specific communication process using the back reflection method is not limited to this.

In the random access process, the communication between the network device and the IoT devices within its coverage range on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network may include the following possible situations:

A possible situation is: as shown in Figure 16, the random access process between the network device and the IoT device on the wireless channel includes the following steps:

Step S1601 , the second Internet of Things device sends a registration request frame to the network device by means of back reflection on the wireless channel.

In this embodiment, the IoT device that has not been registered in the network device is recorded as the second IoT device, and the number of the second IoT device is not limited here, it may be one or multiple , and here is an example for a schematic illustration. When the second IoT device receives the beacon frame sent by the network device, and determines according to the indication information in the beacon frame, the network device enters the random access process after sending the beacon frame, and the second IoT device If it is determined that it has not been registered in the network device, the second Internet of Things device sends a registration request frame to the network device by means of back reflection on the wireless channel, and the registration request frame at least includes the identification information of the second Internet of Things device. For example, the source address in the frame header of the registration request frame is the identification information of the second Internet of Things device, and the destination address in the frame header is the identification information of the network device.

Step S1602, the network device sends a registration response frame to the second IoT device on the wireless channel.

If the network device successfully receives the registration request frame of the second IoT device, or the network device allows the second IoT device to register, the network device sends the second IoT device on the wireless channel Registration response frame.

In other embodiments, if the network device fails to receive the registration request frame of the second IoT device, or the network device does not allow the second IoT device to register, the network device is on the wireless channel A registration rejection frame is sent to the second IoT device, as shown in Figure 17.

During the random access process, the second IoT device that has not been registered in the network device can also report data to the network device. Here, the data reported by the second IoT device to the network device is recorded as second data . For example, the second IoT device is a fire alarm sensor, and the second data reported by the second IoT device to the network device may be emergency data.

As a possible way, as shown in FIG. 18 , after receiving the registration response frame sent by the network device, the second IoT device sends a data frame to the network device by means of back reflection on the wireless channel. The data field of the data frame includes second data. If the network device successfully receives the data frame, it sends an acknowledgment response frame to the second IoT device. If the network device fails to receive the data frame, a negative acknowledgement frame is sent to the second IoT device.

As another possible manner, the second data reported by the second IoT device to the network device may be carried in a registration request frame sent by the second IoT device to the network device.

Another possible situation is that the data frame sent by the second IoT device to the network device can also be forwarded by the fourth IoT device. As shown in FIG. The random access procedure includes the following steps:

Step S1901, the second Internet of Things device sends a data frame to the fourth Internet of Things device by using back reflection on the wireless channel.

Specifically, the fourth IoT device may be an IoT device within the coverage of the network device, and the fourth IoT device may be an IoT device that has been registered in the network device, or may not be registered in the network device. past IoT devices. In this embodiment, the network device may be far away from the second IoT device. When the second IoT device sends a data frame to the network device, the second IoT device can forward the data frame to the network device through the fourth IoT device. Specifically, the source address in the frame header of the data frame is the identification information of the second IoT device, the destination address is the identification information of the network device, the relay address is the identification information of the fourth IoT device, and the relay address is the identification information of the fourth IoT device. ID is 0.

Step S1902, the fourth Internet of Things device sends an acknowledgment response frame to the second Internet of Things device on the wireless channel by means of back reflection.

After the fourth Internet of Things device successfully receives the data frame, it sends an acknowledgment response frame to the second Internet of Things device on the wireless channel by means of back reflection.

Step S1903 , the fourth Internet of Things device forwards the data frame to the network device by means of back reflection on the wireless channel.

The fourth IoT device keeps the source address, destination address, and relay address in the data frame unchanged, modifies the relay identifier in the data frame to 1, and uses back reflection on the wireless channel to modify the relay The identified data frame is sent to the network device.

Step S1904, the network device sends an acknowledgment response frame to the fourth IoT device on the wireless channel.

After successfully receiving the data frame, the network device sends an acknowledgment response frame to the fourth IoT device on the wireless channel.

In this embodiment, the sequence of step S1902 and step S1903 is not limited. In addition, the second IoT device may not be limited to one, but may also be multiple. When multiple second IoT devices send data frames to the network device, the fourth IoT device sends data frames to each second IoT device. The process of forwarding is similar to the process shown in FIG. 19 , and details are not repeated here.

It should be noted that the communication process shown in Figure 16 to Figure 19 is only an example of the random access process. In the random access process, the network device and the IoT devices within its coverage use back reflection on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network. The specific communication process of the mode communication is not limited to this.

In addition, the embodiment of the present application also provides a physical frame corresponding to the above MAC frame structure. It can be understood that the MAC frame is encapsulated in the physical frame, the MAC frame is used for transmission at the data link layer, and the physical frame is used for processing at the physical layer. transmission. As shown in FIG. 20 , the part described in 200 is a MAC frame. Both the downlink physical frame and the uplink physical frame can include a MAC frame. The MAC frame can be any one in FIG. 12 , and the dotted part can be one of the MAC frames. There may also be no dotted line part. For example, the beacon frame and the data frame in Figure 12 have a field in the middle part, and other types of MAC frames do not have a field in the middle part. As shown in FIG. 20, the downlink physical frame includes a short training field (Short Training Field, STF) and a MAC frame. The uplink physical frame includes a short training field, a long training field (Long Training Field, LTF) and a MAC frame. It can be seen that the uplink physical frame has one more long training field than the downlink physical frame. This long training field can be used by the network device for channel estimation. The short training field as the first field of the header of the physical frame can be used for synchronization of IoT devices. The so-called uplink refers to the information sending direction from the IoT device to the network device, and from the radio frequency signal source to the network device. The so-called downlink refers to the information sending direction from the RF signal source to the IoT device, and from the network device to the IoT device.

As shown in Figure 21, x represents the original RF signal sent by the RF signal source, h ₁ represents the channel between the RF signal source and the network device, and h ₁ *x represents the signal received by the receiver of the network device and sent by the RF signal source , that is, h ₁ *x is the signal that is not reflected by the IoT device. h _b represents the channel between the RF signal source and the IoT device, and h _b *x represents the signal sent by the RF signal source received by the IoT device. s represents the reflection coefficient, s may be specifically Γ in the above embodiment, and s*h _b *x represents the signal reflected by the IoT device. h _f represents the channel between the network device and the IoT device, and h _f *s*h _b *x represents the signal reflected by the IoT device received by the receiver of the network device. Therefore, the signal received by the receiver of the network device includes the signal sent by the radio frequency signal source and the signal reflected by the IoT device. The signal received by the receiver of the network device is denoted as r, and r can be expressed as the following formula (4 ):

r=h ₁ *x+h _f *s*h _b *x (4)

In addition, denoting h _f *h _b as h ₂ , r can be further expressed as: r=h ₁ *x+h ₂ *s*x. Since the signal sent by the RF signal source and the signal reflected by the IoT device are aliased together, the network device cannot directly determine the signal reflected by the IoT device according to the signal r received by the receiver. For network devices, s is unknown. In addition, as mentioned above, the IoT device can change the signal reflected by the IoT device by changing the reflection coefficient s. According to r=h ₁ *x+h ₂ *s*x, before determining s, h ₁ and h ₂ need to be determined first.

Specifically, the above-mentioned LTF may include two parts, one part is denoted as LTF1, and the other part is denoted as LTF2. As shown in Figure 22, the long training field in the uplink physical frame of the radio frequency signal source includes two parts, one part is recorded as long training field 1 or LTF1, and the other part is recorded as long training field 2 or LTF2. The RF signal source and the IoT device can pre-agreed that when the RF signal source sends LTF1, that is, x=LTF1, the IoT device reflects h _b *x according to the reflection coefficient s=0. At this time, the receiver of the network device The received signal is denoted as r ₁ , and r ₁ can be expressed as r ₁ =h ₁ *LTF1. In addition, the RF signal source and the IoT device can also pre-agreed that when the RF signal source sends LTF2, that is, x=LTF2, the IoT device reflects h _b *x according to the reflection coefficient s=1. At this time, the network device The signal received by the receiver is denoted as r ₂ , and r ₂ can be expressed as r ₂ =(h ₁ +h ₂ )*LTF2. LTF1 and LTF2 are orthogonal sequences in consideration of multipath effects. The network device can calculate h ₁ and h ₂ according to r ₁ =h ₁ *LTF1 and r ₂ =(h ₁ +h ₂ )*LTF2. In addition, in this embodiment, the original radio frequency signal x sent by the radio frequency signal source may be a pre-agreed known signal. According to r=h ₁ *x+h ₂ *s*x, in the case of known x, h ₁ and h ₂ , the network device can, according to the signal r received by its receiver, and x, h ₁ and h ₂ calculates s, and further determines the signal reflected by the IoT device according to s. Or, according to r=h ₁ *x+h ₂ *s*x, in the case of known x and h ₁ , the network device can calculate h ₁ *x, according to the signal r and The calculated h ₁ *x can calculate h ₂ *s*x, and further calculate s according to h ₂ *s*x, x and h ₂ , and determine the signal reflected by the IoT device according to s.

It can be understood that, some or all of the steps or operations in the foregoing embodiments are merely examples, and other operations or variations of various operations may also be performed in the embodiments of the present application. Furthermore, the various steps may be performed in a different order presented in the above-described embodiments, and may not perform all operations in the above-described embodiments.

It can be understood that, in the above embodiments, the operations or steps implemented by IoT devices may also be implemented by components (such as chips or circuits) that can be used in IoT devices, and the operations or steps implemented by network devices may also be implemented. Implemented by a component (eg, a chip or circuit) that can be used in a network device.

FIG. 23 shows a schematic structural diagram of a communication device. The communication device can be used to implement the method for the corresponding part of the network device described in the above method embodiments, or the method for the corresponding part of the Internet of Things device (for example, the first Internet of Things device and the second Internet of Things device). For details, refer to the above method embodiments. illustrate.

The communication apparatus 70 may include one or more processors 71, and the processors 71 may also be referred to as processing units, which may implement certain control functions. The processor 71 may be a general-purpose processor or a special-purpose processor or the like.

In an optional design, the processor 71 may also store instructions 73, and the instructions may be executed by the processor, so that the communication apparatus 70 executes the corresponding network devices or objects described in the foregoing method embodiments. Methods of networking devices.

In yet another possible design, the communication apparatus 70 may include a circuit, and the circuit may implement the function of sending or receiving or communicating in the foregoing method embodiments.

Optionally, the communication device 70 may include one or more memories 72 on which instructions 74 or intermediate data are stored, and the instructions 74 may be executed on the processor to cause the communication device 70 to execute The method described in the above method embodiment. Optionally, other related data may also be stored in the memory. Optionally, instructions and/or data may also be stored in the processor. The processor and the memory can be provided separately or integrated together.

Optionally, the communication device 70 may further include a transceiver 75 .

The processor 71 may be referred to as a processing unit. The transceiver 75 may be referred to as a transceiver unit, a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, or a transceiver, etc., for implementing the transceiver function of the communication device.

If the communication apparatus is used to implement the operation corresponding to the network device in the above-mentioned embodiment, for example, the transceiver may send a beacon frame on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network, and the beacon frame includes indication information, and the indication information A communication process for instructing the network device to communicate with the Internet of Things device within the coverage of the network device by using back reflection on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network; and communicating with the Internet of Things device on the The communication process is carried out on a wireless channel. The transceiver can further complete other corresponding communication functions. The processor is used to complete the corresponding determination or control operation, and optionally, the corresponding instruction may also be stored in the memory. For the specific processing manner of each component, reference may be made to the relevant descriptions of the foregoing embodiments.

If the communication device is used to implement an operation corresponding to the first Internet of Things device, for example, the transceiver may receive a beacon frame sent by the network device on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network, where the beacon frame includes indication information, so The indication information is used to instruct the network device and the first Internet of Things device to communicate in the wireless channel of the wireless local area network using a back-reflection method; and communicate with the network device on the wireless channel. The communication process is carried out above. The transceiver can further complete other corresponding communication functions. The processor is used to complete the corresponding determination or control operation, and optionally, the corresponding instruction may also be stored in the memory. For the specific processing manner of each component, reference may be made to the relevant descriptions of the foregoing embodiments.

If the communication apparatus is used to implement the operation corresponding to the second IoT device in the above-mentioned embodiment, for example, the transceiver may receive a beacon frame sent by the network device on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network, the beacon frame Including indication information, the indication information is used to instruct the network device and the second Internet of Things device to communicate on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network by using a back-reflection communication process; and with the network device The communication process is performed on the wireless channel. Optionally, the transceiver may also be used to complete other related communication operations, and the processor may also be used to complete other corresponding determination or control operations. Optionally, corresponding instructions may also be stored in the memory. For the specific processing manner of each component, reference may be made to the relevant descriptions of the foregoing embodiments.

The processors and transceivers described in this application may be implemented in integrated circuits (ICs), analog ICs, radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs), mixed-signal ICs, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), printed circuit boards (printed circuit boards) circuit board, PCB), electronic equipment, etc. The processor and transceiver can also be fabricated using various IC process technologies, such as complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS), nMetal-oxide-semiconductor (NMOS), P-type Metal oxide semiconductor (positive channel metal oxide semiconductor, PMOS), bipolar junction transistor (Bipolar Junction Transistor, BJT), bipolar CMOS (BiCMOS), silicon germanium (SiGe), gallium arsenide (GaAs), etc.

Alternatively, the communication means may be a stand-alone device or may be part of a larger device. For example the device may be:

(1) Independent integrated circuit IC, or chip, or, chip system or subsystem;

(2) A set with one or more ICs, optionally, the IC set may also include storage components for storing data and/or instructions;

(3) ASIC, such as modem (MSM);

(4) Modules that can be embedded in other equipment;

(5) Receivers, terminals, cellular telephones, wireless devices, handsets, mobile units, network equipment, etc.;

(6) Others, etc.

FIG. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 24 , the communication device 240 includes: a transceiver module 241; wherein, the transceiver module 241 is configured to send a beacon frame on a wireless channel of a wireless local area network, and the beacon frame includes indication information, and the indication information is used for A communication process of instructing the communication device to communicate with an IoT device within the coverage area of the communication device using a back-reflection method on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network; and communicating with the IoT device on the wireless channel The communication process is carried out above.

In FIG. 24, further, the communication device 240 may further include: a control module 242, used for the transceiver module to control the radio frequency signal source to transmit a radio frequency signal before the transceiver module transmits the beacon frame on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network, the radio frequency signal for charging the IoT device.

In a possible manner, the transceiver module 241 may also be used to: before sending the beacon frame on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network, use the wireless local area network communication method to send preamble information to the terminals within the coverage of the communication device, the preamble information The information includes the time required for the communication device to occupy the wireless channel to communicate with the Internet of Things device using the back reflection method.

In another possible manner, the communication process is a scheduling access process; when the transceiver module 241 and the IoT device perform the communication process on the wireless channel, it is specifically used for: on the wireless channel Sending a scheduling frame to at least one first IoT device, where the scheduling frame includes identification information of the at least one first IoT device, where the first IoT device is an IoT device that has been registered in the communication apparatus and receiving, on the wireless channel, the first data sent by the at least one first Internet of Things device using the back-reflection method.

Optionally, when the transceiver module 241 sends the scheduling frame to at least one first IoT device on the wireless channel, it is specifically configured to: send the scheduling frame to other IoT devices on the wireless channel, and the other The IoT device is configured to forward the scheduling frame to the at least one first IoT device; the transceiver module 241 receives, on the wireless channel, the first IoT device sent by the at least one first IoT device in the back-reflection manner. When there is a data, it is specifically used for: receiving, on the wireless channel, the first data forwarded by the other Internet of Things device and reported by the at least one first Internet of Things device in the back reflection manner.

Optionally, the communication process is a random access process; when the transceiver module 241 and the IoT device perform the communication process on the wireless channel, it is specifically configured to: receive at least one first A registration request frame sent by two IoT devices using the back-reflection method, the registration request frame includes at least the identification information of the second IoT device, and the second IoT device is not registered in the communication device of IoT devices.

Optionally, after receiving the registration request frame sent by at least one second IoT device on the wireless channel, the transceiver module 241 is further configured to: send a registration request frame to the at least one second IoT device on the wireless channel. A response frame; receiving, on the wireless channel, second data sent by the at least one second Internet of Things device using the back-reflection method.

Optionally, when the transceiver module 241 receives the second data sent by the at least one second IoT device in the back-reflection manner on the wireless channel, it is specifically configured to: receive other IoT devices on the wireless channel. The device adopts the back reflection method to forward the second data reported by the at least one second Internet of Things device.

Optionally, the registration request frame further includes second data reported by the second IoT device to the communication apparatus.

Optionally, the communication device includes the radio frequency signal source.

Optionally, when the control module 242 controls the radio frequency signal source to send the radio frequency signal, it is specifically configured to: control the transceiver module 241 to send trigger information to the radio frequency signal source, where the trigger information is used to trigger the radio frequency signal source to send the radio frequency signal. the radio frequency signal.

Optionally, the preamble information includes the trigger information.

The communication apparatus in the embodiment shown in FIG. 24 can be used to implement the technical solutions of the foregoing method embodiments. For the implementation principle and technical effect, reference may be made to the relevant descriptions in the method embodiments. Optionally, the communication apparatus may be a network device, or Can be a component of a network device (eg, a chip or circuit).

Embodiments of the present application provide a communication device. The communication device includes: a transceiver module; wherein the transceiver module is configured to receive a beacon frame sent by a network device on a wireless channel of a wireless local area network, and the beacon frame includes indication information, and the indication information is used to indicate the network device A communication process of communicating with the communication device on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network using a back-reflection method; and performing the communication process with the network device on the wireless channel.

Further, before receiving the beacon frame sent by the network device on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network, the transceiver module is further configured to: receive a radio frequency signal sent by a radio frequency signal source, where the radio frequency signal is used to charge the communication device.

In a possible manner, the communication process is a scheduling access process; when the transceiver module and the network device perform the communication process on the wireless channel, it is specifically used for: receiving on the wireless channel A scheduling frame sent by the network device, where the scheduling frame includes identification information of the communication device, and the communication device is an Internet of Things device that has been registered in the network device; using the background information on the wireless channel The first data is sent to the network device in a reflection manner.

In a possible design, when the transceiver module receives the scheduling frame sent by the network device on the wireless channel, it is specifically configured to: receive the network device forwarded by other IoT devices on the wireless channel When the transceiver module sends the first data to the network device by using the back-reflection method on the wireless channel, it is specifically used for: using the back-reflection method on the wireless channel to send the first data to other objects The networked device sends the first data, and other IoT devices are used to forward the first data to the network device.

The communication apparatus in this embodiment can be used to implement the technical solutions of the foregoing method embodiments, and the implementation principles and technical effects thereof may further refer to the relevant descriptions in the method embodiments. Optionally, the communication apparatus may be a first physical network device, or may be a component (for example, a chip or a circuit) of the first physical network device.

Embodiments of the present application provide another communication device. The communication device includes: a transceiver module, configured to receive a beacon frame sent by a network device on a wireless channel of a wireless local area network, where the beacon frame includes indication information, and the indication information is used to instruct the network device to communicate with the The apparatus performs the communication process in the wireless channel of the wireless local area network by adopting the back-reflection mode; and performs the communication process with the network device on the wireless channel.

Further, before receiving the beacon frame sent by the network device on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network, the transceiver module is further configured to: receive a radio frequency signal sent by a radio frequency signal source, where the radio frequency signal is used to charge the communication device.

In a possible manner, the communication process is a random access process; when the transceiver module and the network device perform the communication process on the wireless channel, it is specifically used for: using the wireless channel on the wireless channel. The back reflection method sends a registration request frame to the network device, where the registration request frame at least includes identification information of the communication device, and the communication device is an IoT device that is not registered in the network device.

Optionally, after the transceiver module sends a registration request frame to the network device in the back-reflection mode on the wireless channel, it is further configured to: receive a registration response sent by the network device on the wireless channel frame; sending second data to the network device by using the back reflection method on the wireless channel.

In a possible design, when the transceiver module sends the second data to the network device by using the back-reflection method on the wireless channel, it is specifically configured to: use the back-reflection method on the wireless channel The second data is sent to other IoT devices in a manner, and the other IoT devices are used to forward the second data to the network device.

In another possible manner, the registration request frame further includes second data reported by the communication apparatus to the network device.

The communication apparatus in this embodiment can be used to implement the technical solutions of the foregoing method embodiments. For the implementation principle and technical effect, reference may be made to the relevant descriptions in the method embodiments. Optionally, the communication apparatus may be a second Internet of Things device, or Can be a component (eg, a chip or circuit) of the second IoT device.

It should be understood that the division of each module of the above communication apparatus is only a division of logical functions, and in actual implementation, it may be fully or partially integrated into a physical entity, or may be physically separated. And these modules can all be implemented in the form of software calling through processing elements; they can also all be implemented in hardware; some modules can also be implemented in the form of software calling through processing elements, and some modules can be implemented in hardware. For example, the control module may be a separately established processing element, or it may be integrated in a communication device, such as a certain chip of a network device, and it may also be stored in the memory of the communication device in the form of a program, by a certain chip of the communication device. A processing element invokes and executes the functions of each of the above modules. The implementation of other modules is similar. In addition, all or part of these modules can be integrated together, and can also be implemented independently. The processing element described here may be an integrated circuit with signal processing capability. In the implementation process, each step of the above-mentioned method or each of the above-mentioned modules can be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor element or an instruction in the form of software.

For example, the above modules may be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above methods, such as: one or more specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), or one or more microprocessors (digital) singnal processor, DSP), or, one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), etc. For another example, when one of the above modules is implemented in the form of a processing element scheduler, the processing element may be a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU) or other processors that can invoke programs. For another example, these modules can be integrated together and implemented in the form of a system-on-a-chip (SOC).

FIG. 25 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication apparatus provided by an embodiment of the present application. Specifically, the communication device may be a base station. As shown in FIG. 25 , the base station includes: an antenna 251 , a radio frequency device 252 , and a baseband device 253 . The antenna 251 is connected to the radio frequency device 252 . In the uplink direction, the radio frequency device 252 receives the information sent by the IoT device through the antenna 251, and sends the information sent by the IoT device to the baseband device 253 for processing. In the downlink direction, the baseband device 253 processes the information of the IoT device and sends it to the radio frequency device 252 , and the radio frequency device 252 processes the information of the IoT device and sends it to the IoT device through the antenna 251 .

The above communication device can be located in the baseband device 253. In one implementation, each of the above modules is implemented in the form of a processing element scheduler. For example, the baseband device 253 includes a processing element and a storage element. The processing element 2531 calls the program stored in the storage element 2532 to Perform the methods in the above method embodiments. In addition, the baseband device 253 may further include an interface 2533 for exchanging information with the radio frequency device 252, and the interface is, for example, a common public radio interface (CPRI).

In another implementation, the above modules may be one or more processing elements configured to implement the above method, these processing elements are provided on the baseband device 253, and the processing elements here may be integrated circuits, for example: one or more ASIC, or, one or more DSPs, or, one or more FPGAs, etc. These integrated circuits can be integrated together to form chips.

For example, the above modules may be integrated together and implemented in the form of a system-on-a-chip (SOC), for example, the baseband device 253 includes an SOC chip for implementing the above method. The chip can integrate the processing element 2531 and the storage element 2532, and the processing element 2531 invokes the stored program of the storage element 2532 to realize the above methods or the functions of the above modules; In order to realize the functions of the above methods or the above modules; or, in combination with the above implementation methods, the functions of some modules are realized in the form of calling programs by processing elements, and the functions of some modules are realized in the form of integrated circuits.

No matter what manner is adopted, in a word, the above communication apparatus includes at least one processing element, a storage element and a communication interface, wherein the at least one processing element is used to execute the method provided by the above method embodiment. The processing element may perform some or all of the steps in the above method embodiments in the first manner: that is, by executing the program stored in the storage element; or in the second manner: that is, by combining with the integrated logic circuit of the hardware in the processing element Some or all of the steps in the above method embodiments are executed in the manner of instructions; of course, the methods provided in the above method embodiments can also be executed in combination with the first manner and the second manner.

The processing elements here are the same as those described above, and may be a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), or may be one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the above methods, such as: one or more specific integrated circuits A circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), or, one or more microprocessors (digital singnal processor, DSP), or, or, one or more Field Programmable Gate Array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), etc. The storage element may be one memory or a collective term for multiple storage elements.

FIG. 26 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication apparatus according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 26 , the communication apparatus 260 includes: a processor 262 and a transceiver 263. The transceiver 263 is configured to receive a beacon frame sent by a network device on a wireless channel of a wireless local area network, where the beacon frame includes indication information. The indication information is used to instruct the network device and the communication device to communicate in the wireless channel of the wireless local area network by using back reflection; perform the communication process with the network device on the wireless channel. communication process. Further, a memory 261 is also included for storing computer programs or instructions, and the processor 262 is used for calling the programs or instructions.

The communication apparatus in the embodiment shown in FIG. 26 can be used to implement the technical solutions of the above method embodiments, and the implementation principles and technical effects thereof may further refer to the relevant descriptions in the method embodiments. It is not repeated here, and the communication apparatus may be a physical network device, or may be a component (eg, a chip or a circuit) of the physical network device.

In FIG. 26, the transceiver 263 may be connected to an antenna. In the downlink direction, the transceiver 263 receives the information sent by the base station through the antenna, and sends the information to the processor 262 for processing. In the uplink direction, the processor 262 processes the data of the IoT device, and sends the data to the base station through the transceiver 263 .

Optionally, the transceiver 263 may be configured to implement corresponding functions in the transceiver module of the IoT device described in the foregoing embodiments. Alternatively, some or all of the above modules can also be implemented by being embedded in a certain chip of the IoT device in the form of an integrated circuit. And they can be implemented individually or integrated together. That is, the above modules can be configured as one or more integrated circuits that implement the above methods, such as: one or more specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), or one or more microprocessors (digitalsingnal processors, DSP), or, one or more Field Programmable Gate Arrays (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA), etc.

Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when it runs on a computer, it causes the computer to execute the communication method described in the foregoing embodiments.

In addition, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, the computer program product includes a computer program, which, when running on a computer, causes the computer to execute the communication method described in the above embodiments.

In the above-mentioned embodiments, it may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. The computer program instructions, when loaded and executed on a computer, produce, in whole or in part, the processes or functions described herein. The computer may be a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be downloaded from a website site, computer, server or data center Transmission to another website site, computer, server, or data center by wire (eg, coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line) or wireless (eg, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that includes an integration of one or more available media. The usable media may be magnetic media (eg, floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (eg, DVD), or semiconductor media (eg, Solid StateDisk), among others.

Claims (21)

1. a communication method, is characterized in that, comprises: The network device sends a beacon frame on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network, and the beacon frame includes indication information, and the indication information is used to indicate that the network device and the Internet of Things devices within the coverage of the network device are in the wireless network. A communication process in which back-reflection mode is used to communicate on the wireless channel of the local area network; The network device and the IoT device perform the communication process on the wireless channel. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein before the network device sends a beacon frame on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network, the method further comprises: The network device controls a radio frequency signal source to send a radio frequency signal, and the radio frequency signal is used to charge the Internet of Things device. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein before the network device sends a beacon frame on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network, the method further comprises: The network device uses a wireless local area network communication mode to send preamble information to terminals within the coverage area of the network device, and the preamble information includes the required space for communication between the network device and the Internet of Things device using the back-reflection mode. time of the wireless channel. 4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the communication process is a scheduling access process; The communication process between the network device and the IoT device on the wireless channel includes: The network device sends a scheduling frame to at least one first IoT device on the wireless channel, where the scheduling frame includes identification information of the at least one first IoT device, and the first IoT device is already in the IoT devices registered in the network device; The network device receives, on the wireless channel, the first data sent by the at least one first Internet of Things device using the back-reflection manner. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the communication process is a random access process; The communication process between the network device and the IoT device on the wireless channel includes: The network device receives, on the wireless channel, a registration request frame sent by at least one second Internet of Things device in the back-reflection manner, where the registration request frame at least includes identification information of the second Internet of Things device, and the The second IoT device is an IoT device that is not registered in the network device. 6. The method according to claim 5, wherein after the network device receives a registration request frame sent by at least one second Internet of Things device on the wireless channel, the method further comprises: sending, by the network device, a registration response frame to the at least one second Internet of Things device on the wireless channel; The network device receives, on the wireless channel, the second data sent by the at least one second Internet of Things device by using the back reflection method. 7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the registration request frame further comprises second data reported by the second Internet of Things device to the network device. 8. The method according to any one of claims 2-7, wherein the network device comprises a radio frequency signal source. 9. The method according to any one of claims 2-7, wherein the network device controls a radio frequency signal source to send a radio frequency signal, comprising: The network device sends trigger information to the radio frequency signal source, where the trigger information is used to trigger the radio frequency signal source to send the radio frequency signal. 10. A communication method, comprising: The first Internet of Things device receives a beacon frame sent by the network device on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network, and the beacon frame includes indication information, and the indication information is used to indicate that the network device and the first Internet of Things device are in A communication process in which back-reflection mode is used to communicate on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network; The first Internet of Things device and the network device perform the communication process on the wireless channel. The method according to claim 10, wherein before the first Internet of Things device receives a beacon frame sent by a network device on a wireless channel of a wireless local area network, the method further comprises: The first Internet of Things device receives a radio frequency signal sent by a radio frequency signal source, and the radio frequency signal is used to charge the first Internet of Things device. The method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the communication process is a scheduling access process; The communication process between the first Internet of Things device and the network device on the wireless channel includes: The first IoT device receives a scheduling frame sent by the network device on the wireless channel, where the scheduling frame includes identification information of the first IoT device, and the first IoT device is already in the IoT devices registered in the aforementioned network devices; The first Internet of Things device sends the first data to the network device by using the back reflection method on the wireless channel. 13. A communication method, comprising: The second IoT device receives a beacon frame sent by the network device on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network, the beacon frame includes indication information, and the indication information is used to indicate that the network device and the second IoT device are in a A communication process in which back-reflection mode is used to communicate on the wireless channel of the wireless local area network; The second Internet of Things device and the network device perform the communication process on the wireless channel. The method according to claim 13, wherein before the second Internet of Things device receives a beacon frame sent by a network device on a wireless channel of a wireless local area network, the method further comprises: The second Internet of Things device receives a radio frequency signal sent by a radio frequency signal source, and the radio frequency signal is used to charge the second Internet of Things device. The method according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the communication process is a random access process; The communication process between the second Internet of Things device and the network device on the wireless channel includes: The second Internet of Things device sends a registration request frame to the network device using the back-reflection method on the wireless channel, where the registration request frame at least includes identification information of the second Internet of Things device, and the first The second IoT device is an IoT device that is not registered in the network device. 16 . The method according to claim 15 , wherein after the second Internet of Things device sends a registration request frame to the network device by using the back reflection method on the wireless channel, the method further comprises: 16 . The second Internet of Things device receives a registration response frame sent by the network device on the wireless channel; The second Internet of Things device sends second data to the network device by using the back reflection method on the wireless channel. 17. The method according to claim 15, wherein the registration request frame further comprises second data reported by the second IoT device to the network device. 18. A communication device, characterized by comprising a unit for executing any one of the methods of rights 1-17. 19. A communication device, characterized in that it comprises a processor and a transceiver, and the processor and the transceiver communicate with each other through an internal connection; the processor is used to perform the processing steps in any one of the methods of rights 1-16, the The transceiver is used to perform the transceiving steps in any one of the methods of rights 1-17. 20. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that it is used for storing a computer program, the computer program comprising instructions for executing any one of the methods of rights 1-17. 21. A computer program, characterized in that the computer program comprises instructions for any one of the methods of claims 1-17.

Images