CN111201092A

CN111201092A - Separation apparatus

Info

Publication number: CN111201092A
Application number: CN201880066492.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 费迪南德·多普斯塔德特
Original assignee: Lig Co Ltd
Current assignee: Lig Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-10-12
Filing date: 2018-04-25
Publication date: 2020-05-26
Also published as: PL3668657T3; ES2885149T3; WO2019072424A1; EP3668657A1; DE102017009495B3; EP3668657B1

Abstract

A device (1) for separating a feed material (2) has a plurality of rotating elements (3) which are designed in particular in the form of worms, wherein the rotating elements (3) form a table plate (4). At least one further rotating element (5) is arranged below the rotating element (3) forming the table plate (4), which further rotating element is designed in particular in the form of a worm, and the further rotating element (5) is provided for cleaning a gap (6) between two directly adjacent rotating elements (3) of the table plate (4).

Description

Separation apparatus

Technical Field

The invention relates to a device for separating feed material, comprising a plurality of rotating elements, in particular in the form of worms, wherein the rotating elements form a platen.

The invention relates in particular to the field of sorting and/or classifying feedstock, in particular to the field of waste separation. The clean and/or sufficiently accurate separation of the feed into different fractions makes it possible to recycle the different fractions of the feed directly or to feed them into different post-treatment processes. For example, the large and/or elongated portions may be separated from the smaller particles and/or components of the feedstock.

Background

In the context of the present invention, the term "separation" encompasses sorting and sorting. Classification is understood to be a mechanical separation process of a solid mixture, wherein different geometric features (e.g. dimensions) are used for the separation process. In particular, a division of coarse and fine material can be performed. In this context, sorting refers to a mechanical separation process, wherein a mixture of solids with different material properties is separated into fractions with the same material properties. The density, color, shape, wettability or magnetizability of the feed material may be suitable for sorting. Thus, the term "separation" in the present invention includes separation of the feed to separate into different fractions. In most cases, this separation and/or isolation is used for the treatment of recycled material or for the classification of at least substantially solid material.

From EP 1570919B 1 an apparatus for sorting substantially solid material is known, wherein in the apparatus disclosed so-called helical rolls rotate about their longitudinal axis and wherein the helical rolls are arranged parallel to each other in almost one plane. The helical rolls are supported on one side only and are meshed with each other and have the same direction of rotation. The feed material is fed transversely with respect to the longitudinal axis of the helical roll. The apparatus disclosed in EP 1570919B 1 is designed to separate the material to be sorted into two fractions, namely into an elongated fraction and a cubic fraction above the helical rolls. Thus, in EP 1570919B 1, a support on one side is intended to be used for separating at least two fractions above the helical roll. A third fraction may be separated below the helical rollers, where the third fraction may include, for example, the feed fines. In connection with sorting and/or separation of waste, in particular clay or clay may be used as fines. The discharge of the at least one fraction located above the helical roll can be effected via the open side of the helical roll, since the helical roll is only held on one side.

The disadvantage of the aforementioned devices for separating is that, depending on the feed, the worm screws can become dirty, in particular the worm screws arranged at the beginning and/or at the end of the platen. Especially in the case of feeds with a tendency to twist, such as plastic tapes, long film portions, etc., the feed cannot be prevented from sticking to the outside of the worm. This may lead to operational failure or even damage to the equipment.

Disclosure of Invention

It is an object of the present invention to avoid the disadvantages of the prior art and/or to at least substantially reduce or alleviate these disadvantages. In particular, the object of the invention is to provide a device for separating which ensures the cleaning of the rotating elements, in particular the outer rotating elements and/or those designed as worms, and/or which safely delivers long feeds, such as long film portions and/or long plastic strips.

In a device for separating the above-mentioned types, the above-mentioned task is at least substantially solved by at least the following facts: at least one further rotating element, in particular a further rotating element designed as a worm, is arranged below the rotating element forming the platen and is provided for cleaning a gap between two directly adjacent rotating elements of the platen.

The design according to the invention makes it possible to avoid undesired winding, in particular undesired winding of long film portions and/or film strips, or to unwind and remove the wound-up feed from the respective rotating element. Thus, the further rotating element serves as a cleaning rotating element, which may be arranged below the rotating element and thus below the platen. Since the further rotary element is arranged in the interspace, in particular in the middle, between two directly adjacent rotary elements of the table, it can reach into the working space of the rotary element and thereby separate any wound feed from the respective rotary element.

In connection with the present invention it has been realized that self-cleaning of the pallet in the conveying direction, including the first and the last rotating element, is possible by using additional rotating elements. This ultimately leads to the fact that: there is no longer any stoppage due to the necessary cleaning process or the elimination of damage caused by the wound-up feed material, in particular on the outer rotating element. At the same time, the working efficiency of the apparatus according to the invention is considerably improved, since downtime due to time-consuming cleaning and maintenance work can be avoided. In particular, the invention ensures that the cleaning of the external rotating element, in particular no longer has to be performed manually by the operator, but is eventually performed automatically by the further rotating element. As a result of the present invention, the operating efficiency of the plant is improved by up to 30%.

The upper side of the platen is used for feeding and transporting the feed material. As a feed, a very inhomogeneous feed can be provided, in particular waste with the most diverse composition, and/or residual waste, building debris, demolition materials from demolition of buildings and/or facilities, and/or materials from landfills and/or materials from the forestry sector.

There is at least one further rotating element on the underside of the table. The length of the further rotational element preferably corresponds to the length of the rotational element, so that the further rotational element can preferably engage along the entire interspace between two directly adjacent rotational elements.

In addition, the additional cleaning roller, the additional rotating element, enables the delivery of long, elongated feeds that tend to wrap around and/or adhere to the rotating element. The further rotary element can be used for selectively engaging in a gap between two directly adjacent rotary elements, in which gap the elongate and/or adhesive feed can get stuck in particular, as long as it is wound around the rotary element and/or the adhesive feed adheres to the rotary element. The feed material can thus be separated from the respective rotating element and subsequently conveyed away. The additional rotating element increases the safety, operating time and efficiency of the device according to the invention, since standstill due to winding up of the elongate and/or adhesive feed and/or clogging of the feed can be at least substantially prevented and/or the frequency of such accidents can be significantly reduced.

Preferably, the further rotational element is centrally located between and below two directly adjacent rotational elements. If the further rotary element is designed as a worm, it can engage with its spiral in the working space of the directly adjacent rotary element. In order to increase the self-cleaning effect, the clear distance between the outer edge of the spiral of the further rotary element and the core tube of the directly adjacent rotary element can be kept as small as possible, so that the self-cleaning process is achieved in a targeted and targeted manner.

The width of the platen may correspond to the length of the rotating elements, whereby provision may be made for the rotating elements to have at least substantially the same length.

The length of the platen may be selected based on the number of rotating elements and their respective outer diameters, wherein the length may be adjusted based on the feed and desired delivery results.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the further rotary element in the region below the table plate can project into the region between the first rotary element and the second rotary element. In this case, it is particularly desirable for the further rotary element to engage in the gap between the first rotary element and the second rotary element and/or in the working space. Additionally or alternatively, it can be provided that a further rotary element located in the region below the platen extends into the region between the penultimate rotary element and the last rotary element. The further rotary element may be inserted in a gap and/or a working space between the penultimate rotary element and the last rotary element. The arrangement of the rotating elements is such that the first rotating element can be arranged at the beginning of the feed of the incoming material, while the last rotating element can be arranged transversely to the longitudinal axis of the rotating elements in the possible discharge area. Thus, the numbering of the rotating elements may increase along the conveying direction.

The foregoing embodiment is particularly suitable because it is determined in making the invention that in particular the outer rotating elements are blocked, which does not occur with the rotating elements of the table plate arranged between the outer rotating elements. The reason for this is that: the central rotary element is adjacent to the two rotary elements, so that in the case of the central rotary element it is ensured that the respective screw engages in the respective associated working space or in the gap between the rotary elements and in this way an accumulation of the feed material is avoided and/or the feed material is conveyed away accordingly. This is not the case for the outer rotating elements of the platen, i.e. the first and last rotating elements, since only one rotating element is adjacent to the first and last rotating elements. By means of the further rotary element assigned to the first rotary element and/or the last rotary element (which, however, does not belong to the platen and is also not located on the platen plane), the self-cleaning effect of the outer rotary element and thus of the entire separating apparatus is improved.

The conveying direction extends at an angle and/or transversely with respect to the rotational axis and/or the longitudinal axis of the rotating element, i.e. the conveying direction may extend at an angle and/or transversely with respect to the respective rotational axis. In this context, it is not necessarily required that the transport direction extends at an angle of 90 ° with respect to the axis of rotation.

When separating into more than one fraction, it is also possible to obtain a further conveying direction, for example directed towards the lower side of the table, so that the fine particle fraction can be discharged into the space between the directly adjacent rotating elements below the table in this further conveying direction.

The further conveying direction can also be arranged obliquely and/or transversely to the conveying direction for conveying a third fraction of large-size particles.

Finally, it is understood that a first rotating element may be arranged at the beginning of the feeding of the feedstock and a second rotating element may be arranged downstream of the first rotating element in the conveying direction. The aforementioned numbering also applies to the rotating elements following the second rotating element of the table.

The rotating elements of the platens may be arranged in a common straight plane and thus form a straight platen, at least a substantially straight platen, for a top side feed of the feed. In principle, it can also be provided that the rotary elements are arranged on curved separating surfaces, wherein at least three rotary elements are not arranged in a common plane. In particular, a bend may be provided at the end of the platen. In case the platen surface is curved at the end, a separation may for example be provided such that the discharge takes place in the direction of the longitudinal axis and/or in the direction of the rotation axis of the rotating element, but the discharge in the conveying direction of the rotating element is not necessary.

Furthermore, according to a preferred embodiment of the inventive concept, the at least two rotating elements have the same direction of rotation. Preferably, all rotating elements have the same direction of rotation, resulting in a conveying direction extending at an angle and/or transversely with respect to the axis of rotation of the respective rotating element.

If all the rotating elements have the same direction of rotation, at least one fraction of the fed material is discharged on the last rotating element. The discharge may finally take place at the last rotary element transversely and/or at an angle to the longitudinal axis and/or the axis of rotation of the last rotary element.

It is also possible to provide different directions of rotation for immediately adjacent rotating elements, provided that the feedstock is not discharged at an angle and/or laterally with respect to the axis of rotation of the last rotating element, so that the feedstock remains on top of the platen for a longer period of time and, if necessary, may fall through the platen between the rotating elements; the feed (as large size fraction) may also be discharged above the platen in the direction of rotation.

Preferably, the further rotating element has the same direction of rotation as the directly adjacent rotating element. Preferably, the further rotating element has the same direction of rotation as two directly adjacent rotating elements. The efficiency of the self-cleaning process may be improved if two directly adjacent rotating elements, the further rotating element being engaged in the gap between the two directly adjacent rotating elements, and the further rotating element have the same rotational direction. The same direction of rotation is particularly advantageous for avoiding collisions and/or impacts of the further rotating element with directly adjacent rotating elements. By achieving the same direction of rotation, it is possible to clean the very large outer surface of the immediately adjacent rotating element, in particular without the feed material adhering to it and/or winding around it.

In a further preferred design, the rotary element and/or the further rotary element is provided with a core tube and a spiral. The helical portion may extend helically around the core tube. In particular, the spiral is designed in the form of a web, whereby the distance between two directly adjacent rotating elements from the outer edge of the spiral to the core tube of the directly adjacent rotating element is as small as possible, so that a very good effect of the self-cleaning process can be achieved. The aforementioned distance is preferably greater than 1mm, in particular between 2mm and 30 mm. Between the two values above, any single value is possible.

The helical portions of directly adjacent rotary elements may engage in the working space and/or the interspace between two directly adjacent core tubes, respectively. In particular, the spirals of the further rotary element also engage in the interspace between two directly adjacent rotary elements, so that preferably three spirals are provided in the interspace between the core tube of the first rotary element and the core tube of the second rotary element and/or in the interspace between the core tube of the penultimate rotary element and the core tube of the last rotary element, namely the respective spirals of the directly adjacent rotary elements and the spirals of the further rotary elements. By means of the helically circulating spirals of the adjacent and/or further rotating elements, a very large surface of the core tube not used for arranging the outer exposed areas of the spirals can be cleaned.

Preferably, the helical portion of the immediately adjacent rotating element and/or the helical portion of the further rotating element is interlocked with the helical portion of at least one immediately adjacent rotating element. The self-cleaning process can be ensured by the interengagement of the spirals, wherein the spirals can face each other and can engage together in the interspace between two directly adjacent rotary elements as described above. It is particularly preferred that the spirals of directly adjacent rotary elements which are free of further rotary elements on the underside also interlock, so that undesired material sticking and/or twisting can be avoided.

Furthermore, according to a further preferred embodiment, the rotary element and/or the at least one further rotary element is/are rotatably mounted on one and/or both sides in the holder. The essential advantages of the invention are achieved both by means of a one-sided support and by means of a two-sided support, since the risk of the outer rotary element becoming clogged, in particular, by an elongate feed such as a plastic strip or an adhesive feed, is present in the supports of both types of rotary elements, so that the self-cleaning process of the separating apparatus can be significantly improved by means of the further rotary element for both types of support designs.

The advantage of holding and/or supporting on one side is that the cantilevered rotary elements enable the fraction to be discharged in the direction of the axis of rotation and/or the longitudinal axis, i.e. transversely to the conveying direction. The fed fraction discharged via the free end of the rotating element cannot enter into the region of the holder, so that damage to the apparatus caused by the discharge of the fraction can be prevented. With the holding and/or support on both sides of the rotating element and/or the further rotating element, a discharge in the conveying direction and a discharge below the platen and/or a discharge through the platen can be provided. In this case, the rotating element can be safely stored by means of the bearings on both sides, even in the event of any load peaks of the device according to the invention during the running operation.

Finally, the support and/or the holder of the rotating element and/or of the at least one further rotating element is/are arranged such that the rotating element and/or the at least one further rotating element is/are held firmly and can also withstand high loads due to the feed to be separated.

In a further preferred embodiment of the separating apparatus according to the invention, the rotating element and/or the at least one further rotating element are driven by a drive means (in particular a common drive means). Preferably, the rotating element and the at least one further rotating element are connected to each other via a drive. Drive means for driving the rotating element and at least one further rotating element are used in particular for the connection. For example, at least one roller chain can be provided as a drive means. The roller chain may be used as a drive means to connect directly adjacent rotating elements and/or to connect further rotating elements with directly adjacent rotating elements.

In order to connect the roller chains with the respective rotary element, the latter has a bearing pin, for example in the form of a gear and/or pinion, at the end where the coupling region is located. The roller chains then engage into the respective gear(s) for driving.

Furthermore, it is to be understood that a plurality of drive means may be provided, in particular wherein at least two directly adjacent rotary elements, and/or a further rotary element and at least one directly adjacent rotary element, may be connected to each other by means of the drive means. Thus, at least two drive means may also be engaged with the rotary element. Thus, two corresponding gears and/or pinions are then provided on the relative bearing pins of the rotating elements. Furthermore, it is particularly preferred that two directly adjacent rotary elements are connected to one another by means of a drive device. Preferably, the further rotary element is connected to the first rotary element and/or the last rotary element via a drive means.

Preferably, the drive means and the drive device are designed such that the drive can be ensured even in the event of a high load of the separating apparatus according to the invention. The drive means can finally be designed as a so-called drive chain. The drive device is particularly robust, resistant to contamination, and can be connected to the rotating element in a form-fitting manner and does not slip when driving the rotating element. The roller chain does not have to be pre-tensioned but can also be shortened and lengthened without any problems, for example when changing the length of the table plate and/or adding additional rotating elements.

Furthermore, the rotating element and the further rotating element may be designed to be at least substantially identical in construction. This simplifies in particular the spare part inventory.

Furthermore, it is preferred that the spirals of the rotational element and the further rotational element have at least substantially the same web height. In particular, the helix of the rotating element directly adjacent to the further rotating element and the helix of the further rotating element have the same web height. This means that the gaps between adjacent rotating elements, and/or the gaps between an outer rotating element and a further rotating element associated with the outer rotating element, can be cleaned optimally. As previously mentioned, the distance between directly adjacent rotating elements, and the distance between a further rotating element and a directly adjacent rotating element, should be maintained. Preferably, the distance is between 1mm and 30mm, preferably between 1.5mm and 10mm, preferably between 2mm and 6mm, further preferably between 3mm and 5 mm.

Furthermore, the outer diameter of the further rotational element and the outer diameter of the rotational element directly adjacent to the further rotational element are at least substantially identical. This means that eventually the same components can be used.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the distance between the rotary elements is adjustable. In the present context, the distance is to be understood in particular as the clear distance between two directly adjacent rotating elements. The clear distance is the distance from the spiral of one rotating element to the outer edge of the core tube of the immediately adjacent rotating element.

Additionally or alternatively, the distance between a wider rotary element and an immediately adjacent rotary element is also adjustable. Preferably, the clearance, i.e. the distance from the outer edge of the spiral of one rotating element to the core tube of the directly adjacent rotating element, is kept as close as possible. A smaller gap achieves a very good self-cleaning. However, depending on the feed, the total distance may be altered. The change in distance may be performed manually by an operator under running operating conditions. In particular, the position of the entire rotating element and/or the position of at least one further rotating element can be changed, preferably by loosening the holder and/or the support.

Furthermore, the drive device can be designed such that it drives the rotating element and the at least one further rotating element at the same angular speed. In particular, the angular speed is the same for all rotating elements (and therefore for the further rotating elements), so that a synchronized operation of all rotating elements is obtained. This, in combination with the same direction of rotation of the rotating element, not only ensures safe operation of the separating apparatus, but also very good separation results. The synchronized angular speed in combination with the same configuration of the rotating element and the at least one further rotating element results in a cleaning of the exposed outer side of the core tube covering the rotating element to the greatest possible extent.

In addition to this, the rotational element and the at least one further rotational element each have at least substantially the same helical pitch every 360 °. A symmetrical design of the rotating element may be achieved by a helical arrangement around the helical portion of the core tube and a helical pitch of the same shape for every 360 °, wherein preferably the core tube has a constant diameter extending over the length of the rotating element.

It is particularly preferred that the separation apparatus is designed such that separation into at least two fractions takes place. This may provide for a fraction of fine particles to be discharged through the table plate through the gap between two directly adjacent rotating elements. The other fractions can be discharged in the conveying direction behind the last rotating element. In particular in the case of a bearing on one side, the third fraction can also be discharged at an angle to the conveying direction and/or transversely to the conveying direction in the direction of the axis of rotation and/or the longitudinal axis of the rotating element. In a further conveying direction of the third fraction, a less elongated portion of the feed can be discharged. The elongated portion of the feed material may be discharged in the conveying direction. Those fractions and/or those fractions that can be discharged above the platen can be referred to as large size particles and/or large size fractions.

In addition, the height and the inclination of the bedplate can be adjusted.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for separating a feedstock, wherein the feedstock is fed onto a platen formed by a plurality of rotating elements, in particular wherein the feeding is performed transverse to the longitudinal axis of the rotating elements. The feedstock may be conveyed over more than half of the platen in a conveying direction extending at an angle and/or transversely to the rotational axis of the rotating element. According to the invention, it is provided that a further rotary element arranged below the platen engages in the interspace between two directly adjacent rotary elements, in particular wherein the feedstock, in particular a large-sized fraction of the feedstock, is conveyed via a pair of directly adjacent rotary elements.

This process is carried out in particular by using the separation device according to the invention described previously.

To avoid repetition, reference is made to the above description of the separating apparatus according to the invention. It will be appreciated that the advantages and preferred designs described in connection with the apparatus according to the invention may also be applied in a split feed process.

In addition, the invention relates to the use of the device according to the invention for separating feed material, in particular wherein the device according to the invention is used in a self-cleaning mode of operation.

Drawings

Further features, advantages and possible applications of the invention result from the following description of an embodiment example based on the drawings and the drawings themselves. All described and/or illustrated features, individually or in any combination, form the subject matter of the present invention, irrespective of their combination in the claims and their interrelationship.

The figures show:

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a separation apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a platen according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic side view of another embodiment of a platen according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of another embodiment of a platen according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of another embodiment of a platen according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of a separation apparatus according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic side view of another form of a platen according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic side view of another form of a platen according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic perspective view of yet another form of a platen according to the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of a portion of a platen according to the present invention; and

fig. 11 is a schematic plan view of another form of a platen according to the present invention.

Detailed Description

Fig. 1 shows an apparatus 1 for separating a feed 2. The device 1 has a plurality of rotating elements 3. In the design example shown, the rotary element 3 is designed as a worm. The worm may also be described as a helical roller and/or a helical shaft. The rotating element 3 forms a table 4.

As shown in particular in fig. 6, the feedstock 2 is fed to the upper side of a table 4 formed by the rotating elements 3.

Furthermore, fig. 1 shows that at least one further rotary element 5 is arranged below the rotary element 3 forming the table 4. In the design example shown, the further rotary element 5, like the rotary element 3, is also designed as a worm. The further rotary element 5 is provided for cleaning a gap 6 and/or a working space between two directly adjacent rotary elements 3 of the table plate 4.

In a not shown example of the design of the separating apparatus 1, a further rotating element 5 may be provided to avoid the occurrence of tangling of the elongated feed stock 2, such as a plastic strip.

Furthermore, fig. 1, 2 and 6 in particular show that the width of the platen 4 can correspond to the length of the rotary element 3, wherein in the design example shown the rotary elements 3 have at least substantially the same length. The length of the table plate 4 depends on the number of rotating elements 3 used, the outer diameter of the rotating elements 3 and the distance 17 of the rotating elements from each other.

Fig. 3 to 5 show different possibilities of arranging the further rotary element 5 below the platen 4. Thus, the further rotational element 5 may be arranged between the first rotational element 7 and the second rotational element 8, as shown in particular in fig. 5. As shown in particular in fig. 6, the first rotary element 7 is arranged in the design example shown in connection with the feed device 20. The feed stock 2 is fed onto the platen 4 on or above the first rotating element 7. The second rotating member 8 is connected to the first rotating member 7 in the conveying direction X. The conveying direction X extends at an angle and/or transversely, in particular at right angles, to the longitudinal direction and/or the axis of rotation of the rotating element 3.

Fig. 4 shows that the further rotary element 5 is arranged below the last rotary element 10 (viewed in the conveying direction X) and the penultimate rotary element 9. According to the shown design example, the further rotary element 5 extends into the central region and/or into the interspace 6 of the directly adjacent

rotary element

9, 10. In the design shown in fig. 3, the further rotary element 5 engages in the working space and/or interspace 6 between the first rotary element 7 and the second rotary element 8, and the further rotary element 5 engages in the working space and/or interspace 6 between the last rotary element 10 and the penultimate rotary element 9. The discharge of the fraction may be provided transversely to the longitudinal axis of the last rotating element 10, i.e. along the conveying direction X.

As is clear from the design example shown, the first rotary element 7 and the last rotary element 10 are directly adjacent to one another only with one rotary element 3 in the table plate 4. The centrally arranged rotary element 3 is directly adjacent to each of the two rotary elements 3, so that in the illustrated design example, the self-cleaning of the central rotary element 3 can be performed by the directly adjacent rotary elements 3. At the beginning and/or end of the table 4, in particular as shown by means of fig. 4, the further rotary element 5 can also self-clean the last rotary element 10 in addition to the second to last rotary element 9. As is shown in particular by fig. 5, further rotating elements 5 can also be arranged at the beginning and/or at the end of the table plate 4. In addition, as shown in fig. 3, a combination of the initial and final arrangement of the further rotary elements 5 can be carried out in further design examples.

Not shown, it is in principle also possible to provide further rotary elements 5 not only at the beginning and/or at the end. In principle, in addition to the outer further rotary element 5 or even no rotary element 5, a further rotary element 5 can also be arranged in the central region, i.e. between the first rotary element 7 and the last rotary element 10.

In the design example shown, the further rotary element 5 is not used to separate the feed 2, but rather at least substantially achieves the cleaning action of the rotary element 3 directly adjacent to the further rotary element 5.

Fig. 1 shows that at least two rotating elements 3 have the same direction of rotation. Furthermore, fig. 1 shows that all rotating elements 3 have the same direction of rotation.

Fig. 2 shows that the further rotational element 5 has the same rotational direction as the rotational element 3 directly adjacent to the further rotational element 5, which means that in the example shown all rotational elements 3 and all further rotational elements 5 have the same rotational direction.

In the design example shown, the rotary element 3 and the further rotary element 5 are each designed as a worm. The rotary element 3 and the further rotary element 5 thus have a core tube 11 and a spiral 12. The helical portion 12 extends helically around the core tube 11 so that the entire rotary element 3 resembles an archimedes screw. The spiral 12 is designed in the form of a web.

In a further design example, it can be provided that the individual rotary elements 3 of the table plate 4 do not necessarily all have the same design. In principle, at least one rotary element 3 can be designed differently from the other rotary elements 3. Finally, even all the rotating elements 3 can be designed differently from each other. This also applies to the further rotational element(s) 5. Finally, it only has to be ensured that the helical portions 12 of adjacent

rotary elements

3, 5 do not collide during operation.

In addition, the design example shown clearly shows that the helical portions 12 of directly adjacent rotary elements 3 engage one another. The helical portion 12 engages in the gap 6 formed between two core tubes 11 of directly adjacent rotary elements 3. In the design example shown, the arrangement of the rotary elements 3 is arranged such that the outer edge of the spiral 12 of a rotary element 3 faces the outside of the core tube 11 of the directly adjacent rotary element 3.

Furthermore, fig. 1 to 6 show that the helical portion 12 of the further rotational element 5 and the helical portion 12 of the rotational element 3 directly adjacent to the further rotational element 5 engage with each other. The engagement of the spiral 12 is particularly well illustrated in fig. 3 to 5 by a side view of the platen 4. The figures show that the spiral 12 of the rotating element 3 and the spiral of the further rotating element 5 overlap in side view. The overlapping of the spirals 12 and/or the interdigitation of the spirals 12 may enable the rubbing process of the worm. This effectively prevents or in any case significantly reduces the adherence of the feedstock 2 to the outside of the core tube 11 of the rotating element 3. In particular, entanglement of the elongate fraction of the feedstock 2 and/or permanent adhesion of the adhesive fraction of the feedstock 2 can be prevented, so that jamming of the platen 4 and thus machine damage and/or unclean separation results of the apparatus 1 can be avoided.

According to the apparatus 1 shown in fig. 1 and 6, a support and/or a one-sided holder 13 of the rotating element 3 and the further rotating element 5 is provided.

Not shown is that in other designs the rotary element 3 and/or the further rotary element 5 are rotatably mounted in the holder 13 on both sides.

As shown in particular in fig. 1, the holder 13 and/or the bearing are provided at the longitudinal ends of the rotating element 3. The one-sided cantilever holder 13 of the rotating element 3 can be used for discharging the fraction in the direction of the axis of rotation of the rotating element 3 and/or in the longitudinal direction of the rotating element 3, i.e. transversely to the conveying direction X and/or at an angle to the conveying direction X. Of course, in principle, the discharge of the fraction in the direction of the axis of rotation of the rotating element 3 can also take place with bearings on both sides. In this case, it is conceivable to remove and/or convey the fraction from the platen 4 by means of a suitable conveyor.

Fig. 1 and 6 finally do not show any conveyor for conveying the feed material 2 divided into fractions. Finally, it is understood that, for example, a conveyor belt may be provided below the platen 4 for conveying fine particles, and that a further conveyor belt, for example a conveyor belt extending in the conveying direction X, may be arranged on the platen 4. In addition, the conveyor belt is also arranged at an angle to the conveying direction X (i.e. in the direction of the axis of rotation of the rotating element 3). Finally, the conveyor is arranged at all points and/or in all zones of the fraction of the feed 2 being discharged. The arrangement and orientation of the conveyors depend, inter alia, on the direction in which the discharge is carried out. The number of conveyors ultimately depends on the number of fractions into which the feed 2 is separated. For example, two fractions to be separated have two conveyors, while three fractions have three conveyors.

The speed of the conveyor, which is designed in particular as a conveyor belt, is to be adjusted depending on the throughput of the feed material 2 and/or the feed speed of the feed device 19. As shown in particular in fig. 1 and 6, the feeding device 19 may have a feeding belt 20. The inclination and height of the feed belt 20 of the apparatus 1 can be adjusted.

Fig. 1 and 6 show that the rotary element 3 and the further rotary element 5 are connected to one another by means of a drive device 14. In the design example shown, the connection is made via the drive means 15. As shown in fig. 10, the drive means 15 are designed as a roller chain. The roller chain can be arranged on the core tube 11, in the shown design example on the coupling area adjoining the core tube 11. By means of a common connection via the roller chain and/or via the drive means 15, the rotary element 3 and the further rotary element 5 are driven in the same direction of rotation and at the same angular speed. The drive means 15 are used to drive the rotating element 3 and at least one further rotating element 5.

Fig. 9 to 11 furthermore show that two directly adjacent rotary elements 3 are connected by means of a drive means 15, wherein the drive means 15 of the illustrated embodiment in the figures only extend over two rotary elements 3. Thus, two drive means 15 are arranged on the central rotary element 3 in the respective coupling region. In the design example shown, the further rotary element 5 is connected to the directly adjacent rotary element 3, i.e. the first rotary element 7 and/or the last rotary element 10 in the design example shown, by means of a drive means 15 comprising two worms.

Based on fig. 2, it is clear that the further rotational element 5 and the rotational element 3 are at least substantially identical in construction.

Not shown, the further rotary element 5 and the at least one directly adjacent rotary element 3 may have different designs. In other embodiments, it can be provided that the spiral 12 of the rotary element 3 and the spiral 12 of the further rotary element 5 have at least substantially the same web height 16, as shown in particular in fig. 11. Due to the at least substantially identical design of the spiral 12, the largest possible overlap of the interspaces 6 between two directly adjacent rotary elements 3 can be achieved.

Fig. 7 to 11 show that the rotary elements 3 can also be designed differently, and in the design example shown the rotary elements 3 have the same web height 16 of the spiral 12, but the core tubes 11 have different outer diameters from one another. The further rotary element 5 is at least substantially identical in construction to the last rotary element 10 and the penultimate rotary element 9.

Fig. 8 shows a side view of the platen 4, the outer diameter of the core tube 11 of the first rotary element 7 being different from the outer diameter of the core tube 11 of the last rotary element 10, and the further rotary element 5 being arranged below the last rotary element 10 and the penultimate rotary element 9.

Finally, the rotary elements 3 are arranged at a distance from one another, as can be seen in particular from the detailed view in fig. 11. The spacing of the rotating elements 3 from each other creates a gap 6 between each immediately adjacent rotating element 3. The pure distance 17 between adjacent core tubes 11 of the rotary element 3 finally corresponds to the web height 16 of the spiral 12 plus a few millimeters. An arrangement without a gap would result in high wear and possible damage of the device 1. Corresponding spacings are also provided between the further rotary element 5 and the adjacent

rotary elements

7, 8 and/or 9, 10.

In particular in fig. 3 and 11, the distance 17 of the rotary elements 3 from each other is shown, which is provided between the outer edge of the spiral 12 of a rotary element 3 and the core tube 11 of the directly adjacent rotary element 3. In fig. 11, as previously mentioned, the pure distance 17 of directly adjacent rotating elements is also shown, wherein the pure distance 17 is obtained between two directly adjacent core tubes 11. In the same way there is a distance 18 of the further rotary element 5 to the first rotary element 7 and/or to the second rotary element 8, and in the same way there is a distance 18 of the further rotary element 5 to the penultimate rotary element 9 and to the last rotary element 10.

Not shown is that the distance 17 of the rotating elements 3 from each other is adjustable. Furthermore, it is also not shown that the distance 18 of the further rotary element 5 to the directly adjacent rotary element 3 and/or

rotary elements

7, 8 and/or 9, 10 is also adjustable.

Thus, the

distances

17, 18 may be adjusted according to the feed 2 and the load of the apparatus 1 caused by the feed 2. When adjusting the respective spacing, it should be taken into account that the smallest possible spacing 17, 18 leads to an enhanced self-cleaning effect and/or a significantly improved cleanliness of the exposed core tube 11.

Furthermore, the design example shown provides that the rotary element 3 and the further rotary element 5 can be driven at the same angular speed. In the design example shown, the rotary element 3 and the further rotary element 5 are driven by a drive 14, so that a synchronous operation and a constant angular velocity of the rotary element 3 and the further rotary element 5 result. It is particularly advantageous if the rotary element 3 and the at least one further rotary element 5 are connected to one another by a drive means 15, which drive means 15 is designed as a roller chain in the illustrated design example and is therefore also driven together.

Furthermore, as is clear in particular from fig. 2, the helical pitch of the rotational element 3 and the helical pitch of the further rotational element 5 are at least substantially identical every 360 °. By adjusting the phase shift, it is possible to vary the arrangement of the spirals 12 and thus the engagement of the spirals 12 with each other and thus also the size of the separated particles.

Fig. 2 shows that the apparatus 1 separates the feed 2 into at least two fractions. The intention is therefore to separate the large-size fraction at the top of the platen 4. A further fraction (fraction of fine particles) may be separated downwards between adjacent rotating elements 3. The fine particle fraction thus falls through the platen 4 and is discharged below the platen 4.

Fig. 6 also shows that further fractions can be conveyed out in a direction transverse to the conveying direction X, wherein the further conveying direction is along the axis of rotation and/or the longitudinal axis of the rotating element 3. The discharge may be performed through the ends of the rotating element 3 and the further rotating element 5. The winding of the elongated feed material 2 at the last rotary element 10 can be effectively prevented by the further rotary element 5, which further rotary element 5 serves as a cleaning rotary element in the illustrated design example.

The platen 4 formed by the rotating element 3 may be inclined. Preferably, the holder 13 to which the rotating element 3 and the further rotating element(s) 5 are attached is adjustable by tilting means. In addition, in a design example not shown, the height of the platen 4 may also be adjustable.

Further, not shown, the platen 4 may form a curved separating surface. In the design example shown, the separating surface (i.e. the top surface of the platen 4) is at least substantially flat and/or straight. In another design example, the rotational elements 3 may be arranged in curved separating surfaces, wherein at least three rotational elements 3 are not arranged in the same plane. Even in the case of curved separating surfaces, it may be provided to arrange a further rotary element 5 below the table plate 4, i.e. below the rotary element 3, in particular so as to improve the self-cleaning of the rotary element 3.

According to this procedure, it may be provided in a design example of a procedure not shown to feed the feedstock 2 in the transport direction X onto the platen 4 formed by the rotating element 3.

The feed 2 can be fed onto the first rotating element 7. The feed stock 2 is conveyed in the conveying direction X, whereby a fraction of fine particles can be separated out through the gaps 6 between directly adjacent rotating elements 3. The large-sized fraction remains on the platen 4 and can be discharged along the conveying direction X and/or along another conveying direction arranged at an angle to the conveying direction X, in the direction of the axis of rotation and/or longitudinal axis of the rotating element 3.

According to this procedure, it is intended that the further rotary element 5 rotates below the rotary element 3. In this case, the further rotating element 5 ensures that the rotating element 3 remains clean and/or (self-) cleaned and that the interspace 6 and/or the working space between two directly adjacent rotating elements 3 of the table plate 4 is cleaned.

List of reference numerals:

1 a separation device;

2 feeding;

3 a rotating element;

4, a bedplate;

5 a further rotating element;

6, a gap;

7 a first rotating element;

8 a second rotating element;

9 a penultimate rotating element;

10 a last rotating element;

11 a core tube;

12 a helical portion;

13 a holder;

14 a drive device;

15 a drive device;

16 web height;

17 distance between rotating elements;

18 distance of a further rotating element to a directly adjacent rotating element;

19 a feeding device;

20 feeding a belt;

x transport direction.

Claims

1. A device (1) for separating a feed (2), said device having a plurality of rotating elements (3) designed in particular as worms, wherein said rotating elements (3) form a table plate (4); the device is characterized by:

Below said rotary element (3) forming said platen (4) at least one further rotary element (5) is arranged, said further rotary element (5) being designed in particular as a worm, and said A further rotating element (5) is provided for cleaning the gap (6) between two immediately adjacent rotating elements (3) of the platen (4).

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterised in that the further rotating element (5) located in the area below the platen (4) extends to the distance between the first rotating element (7) and the second rotating element (7) In the area between the two rotating elements (8); and/or the further rotating element (5) in the area below the platen (4) extends to the penultimate rotating element (9) ) and the last rotating element (10).

3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least two rotating elements (3) have the same direction of rotation, preferably all rotating elements (3) have the same direction of rotation; and/or, Said further rotary element (5) has the same direction of rotation as the immediately adjacent rotary element (3).

4. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotary element (3) and/or the further rotary element (5) comprise a core tube (11) and a helix (12) , the helical portion (12) in particular extends helically around the core tube (11).

5. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the helical parts (12) of directly adjacent rotating elements (3) engage with each other; and/or the further rotating elements ( 5) said helical portion (12) and said helical portion (12) of at least one immediately adjacent rotating element (3) engage with each other.

6. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotary element (3) and/or the at least one further rotary element (5) are on one side and/or on both sides with a Rotationally supported in a holder (13).

7. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rotary element (3) and the further rotary element (5) are connected to each other via drive means (14); in particular, wherein, The drive device (14) has at least one drive means (15), which is designed in particular as a roller chain for driving the rotary element (3) and the at least one further rotary element (5). ).

8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the further rotating element (5) and the rotating element (3) are at least substantially identical in construction; and/or the rotating element Said helical portion (12) of the element (3) and said helical portion (12) of said further rotating element (5) have at least substantially the same web height (16).

9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance (17) between the rotating elements (3) is adjustable; and/or the further rotating elements (5) ) and the distance (18) between the immediately adjacent rotating element (3) is adjustable.

10. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the drive means (14) are designed such that the rotary element (3) and the further rotary element (5) can be The same angular velocity is driven, in particular the rotating element (3) and the further rotating element (5) can be driven with a synchronized angular velocity.

11. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the helical pitch of the rotating element (3) and the helical pitch of the further rotating element (5) are at least for every 360o Basically the same.