CN1111320C - Coupler for utilizing distribution wire to transmit message - Google Patents
Coupler for utilizing distribution wire to transmit message Download PDFInfo
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- CN1111320C CN1111320C CN 99116859 CN99116859A CN1111320C CN 1111320 C CN1111320 C CN 1111320C CN 99116859 CN99116859 CN 99116859 CN 99116859 A CN99116859 A CN 99116859A CN 1111320 C CN1111320 C CN 1111320C
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Abstract
一种利用配电线传输信息的耦合器，串接在用户侧与线路侧之间，耦合变量器的低压侧为信号侧，高压侧的绕组平分为L及L′两个绕组，以同名端相联，串接于地线的绕组L′上并有谐振电容C2，在用户侧的火线端与线路侧的地线端接有电容C1，用于稳定用户阻抗。本发明解决了变量器磁饱和问题，保证高压侧的电感量，能有效提高耦合效率，结构简单，体积小，并且适用低压配电网，拓宽了利用配电线作为传输媒体进行通信的范围。
A coupler that uses distribution lines to transmit information is connected in series between the user side and the line side. The low-voltage side of the coupled variable transformer is the signal side, and the winding on the high-voltage side is divided into two windings, L and L′. Connected, connected in series to the winding L' of the ground wire and has a resonant capacitor C2, and a capacitor C1 is connected to the live wire end of the user side and the ground wire end of the line side to stabilize the user impedance. The invention solves the magnetic saturation problem of the variable transformer, ensures the inductance of the high-voltage side, can effectively improve the coupling efficiency, has a simple structure, is small in size, is applicable to a low-voltage distribution network, and widens the range of communication using distribution lines as a transmission medium.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of coupler that transmits information, relate in particular to a kind of coupler that utilizes distribution wire to transmit message, belong to the power system communications technical field.
Background technology:
The distribution wire of electric energy transmitting also will spread all in our activity space widely than telephone wire, utilizes distribution wire to communicate as transmission medium, not only can reduce investment cost greatly, returns people and brings great convenience.Therefore, the technology of utilizing distribution wire to communicate has in recent years caused that people more and more pay close attention to.In countries such as the U.S., Japan, Israel, utilize distribution wire to pass through modulator-demodulator (Power MODEM) and realize home automation, office succeeds with net until tissue.Wherein, for the method for " coupling ", almost be to adopt transformer and electric capacity entirely, information is coupled to a certain phase of power distribution network or heterogeneously gets on the method for parallel connection.
At present the processing of message transmission is mostly adopted information is modulated to frequency far above the method on the carrier wave (being generally hundreds of KHz) of the power frequency of 50Hz.Because the on high-tension side induction reactance of transformer, concerning the power frequency of 50Hz, impedance is minimum can ignore, and concerning signal, the order of magnitude is with regard to much bigger (when for example the on high-tension side sensibility reciprocal of transformer is 1mH, to 50Hz induction reactance 0.314 Ω, to 100KHz induction reactance is 628 Ω, differ 2000 times); On the other hand, coupling capacitance equally also will differ 2000 times to the capacitive reactance of 50Hz and capacitive reactance to carrier frequency.Therefore concerning power frequency, coupler can not influence its transmission, and power frequency ac voltage almost is added on the coupling capacitance entirely, and transformer has played the buffer action of forceful electric power and light current, and its on high-tension side winding is the effect of double drainage coil also; For carrier wave, desirable coupler design should be taken the high-pressure side impedance into account, and it is designed to high pass filter to carrier wave.
In the prior art, the TDA5051 product of PHILIPS company, the ST7537 product of SGS-THOMSON company, and the LM1893/LM2893 product of NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR company all adopt coupling process in parallel.The paper that one piece of Spain scholar " the signal transmission on medium voltate grade cable " arranged in international conference on large HV electric systems the data in 1980, proposed on medium voltate grade 10KV transmission line, adopted the method that on current transformer, adds auxiliary winding injection signal to realize transmission of Information.This is the method that belongs to series coupled, but the 10KV track investment is higher, passes over Financial cost, can make an issue of on current transformer, and low-voltage network does not possess such condition.
Because distribution wire is that power department is used for not considering transmission of Information into all types of user transmission of electric energy, therefore there is following problem:
1, in the transformer scope of same power supply, all electricity consumers all are connected in parallel on the distribution wire, if ignore line resistance, then line impedance Z
LBeing roughly Zs/n (Zs is the user load impedance, and n is number of users in parallel), as seen is very low.This situation concerning the signal of needs transmission, several intimate short circuits, therefore, coupling efficiency is very low, sending allowance is very big.
2, can not predict with the character of electric unit or user load Zs (can perception or capacitive) and population size, and may change.
Therefore, adopt method in parallel, coupling efficiency is very low, and sending allowance is very big, and coupling capacitor is had relatively high expectations.
Simultaneously,, utilize high pressure or ultra high-tension transmission line as medium at power department, the power line carrier communication of signals such as transporting speech, telemechanical, protection, low, the good reliability of cost is adopted by various countries' power department already.But because low-voltage network is directly faced electricity consumer, download point quantity is too big, invest limited, thereby as a kind of resource, coverage rate so vast distribution line (referring generally to exchange 380V or 220V) but makes the people who gets straight letter forbidding, never is fully utilized.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is at the needs in market and the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, a kind of new coupler that utilizes distribution wire to transmit message is provided, makes it to reduce sending allowance, improve coupling efficiency, and be applicable to low-voltage network, Financial cost is low, be easy to realize.
For realizing such goal of the invention, the basic ideas of technical solution of the present invention are to adopt the method for connecting to realize the coupling of information.This method, only need before entering electricity consumer, to go here and there coupler C of the present invention (for example being connected on before and after the plug-in strip), by the transformer in the coupler carrier information is coupled in the distribution line, the induction reactance of transformer high-pressure side winding plays the wave arrestment effect, and has improved the impedance of user side.Simultaneously, cause cut-offfing of signal circuit when preventing not electricity consumption of user, user side and on an electric capacity, to stablize the impedance of user side.
Through such processing, the entity loop of distribution wire just becomes the part of signal transmission loop, has also reduced the influence of electricity consumer load impedance to communication widely, thereby has improved efficiency of transmission.
But the basic ideas of above-mentioned this invention will realize on low-voltage distributing line, also have many concrete difficulties.
One of difficult point owing to be series connection, flows through the electric current identical with the user load electric current in the coupler, solve the easy magnetically saturated problem of transformer with regard to need;
Two of difficult point because the impedance of transmission line will have suitable induction reactance in changes persuing measuring device high-pressure side, just can provide high coupling efficiency;
Three of difficult point because a large amount of electricity consumers is the resident, must be considered economy and as far as possible little volume.
If be saturation problem singly, can adopt the transformer that boosts, several circles are only used in the high-pressure side, and like this, general magnetic material is to realize.But taking into account inductance value, should not select magnetic material import or special again for use, is exactly a very stubborn problem.
The present invention has proposed power current balance, the unbalanced method for designing of carrier signal on the basis of the exploration that studies for a long period of time, test, taked following two measures in physical circuit:
1, the on high-tension side winding of coupling variable device is divided into two, links with end of the same name, concerning the 50Hz power frequency, the magnetic potential equal and opposite in direction, the direction that produce in two windings are opposite, cancel out each other, and just are difficult for magnetic saturation.So, when the design variable device, the saturation problem that the difference of these two winding incomplete equilibriums of need consideration causes is just passable.
2, going here and there on the winding of ground wire and with capacitor C 2, the sensibility reciprocal resonance of C2 and winding makes coupler present high impedance to carrier wave in carrier frequency, can isolate the electricity consumer effects of load better.
Taking of these two measures makes saturation problem be readily solved, and the sensibility reciprocal problem has also just designed easily.
Owing to taked measure of the present invention, accomplished that on technology the sensibility reciprocal of 1mh is not difficult to realize.Use in the reality concrete, do not require as volume, sensibility reciprocal can also do more; Obtain greatlyyer as the transmission line sectional area, line resistance can be littler, and sending allowance also can reduce; Along with the development of current household electrical appliances, electricity consumer is bigger to required current requirements, that is to say that user side impedance meeting is littler, and then the tandem type coupled modes will demonstrate more superiority.
According to distribution line to many strip adoptions series coupled method of the present invention, carry out attenuation and noise and measure the mass data that obtains, the sending allowance of circuit has obtained satisfied effect in the 100-350KHz scope, if carrier frequency is suitably improved, also can obtain better effect.The invention solves transformer magnetic saturation problem, can guarantee on high-tension side inductance value again, improve coupling efficiency greatly; Employing is in user side shunt capacitance mode, the influence of user-isolated load effectively.
Coupler structure of the present invention is simple, and technology is reasonable, and volume is little, cost is low, can widen the scope of utilizing distribution wire to communicate as transmission medium, as the centralized management to the turnover password in each room, calling, smog etc. of: hotel; The defence system of residential area; The patient's of family monitoring; Long distance meter reading; And be used for organizing local area network (LAN) or the like, will play positive role to economic development.
Description of drawings and embodiment:
Fig. 1 is a tandem type coupler method of attachment schematic diagram.
Among Fig. 1, between n user YH and circuit PL, string has n coupler C.Total user side YH, line side PL and six ports of data side S of connecting of coupler C.
Fig. 2 is tandem type coupler basic principle figure.
As seen, the transformer Tc string among the coupler C in user side YH end capacitor C 1 in parallel, to stablize the impedance of user side, prevents that signal circuit from cut-offfing between user side YH and line side PL among Fig. 2.
Fig. 3 is the principle assumption diagram of the tandem type coupler of the actual employing of the present invention.
Among the figure, coupler is connected between user side YH and the line side PL, the low-pressure side of coupling variable device Tc is data side S, on high-tension side winding is divided equally and is L and two windings of L ', L and L ' link with end of the same name, and L ' moved to receive in the ground wire go, be connected to capacitor C 1 at the live wire end of user side YH and the ground terminal of line side PL, be serially connected with the winding L of ground wire ' go up and parallel resonance capacitor C 2 is arranged.
Concerning the 50Hz power frequency, opposite in magnetic potential equal and opposite in direction, the direction of two winding L and the middle generation of L ', cancel out each other, thereby when the design variable device, just only need are considered the saturation problem that the difference of L and these two winding incomplete equilibriums of L ' causes.In parallel capacitor C 2 and winding L on L ' winding ' sensibility reciprocal resonance in carrier frequency, make coupler present high impedance to carrier wave, can isolate the electricity consumer effects of load better.
In one embodiment of the invention, a user transformers supplies 300 electricity consumers, each household 10A, and distribution line is long to be 500M, adopts copper cash, line directly is 10mm
2(electricalresistivity of copper cash in the time of 20 ℃ is about 0.018 Ω mm
2/ M).The winding sensibility reciprocal of transformer string in live wire is taken as 1mh, and coupling capacitance is taken as 0.1 μ f, and carrier frequency is 100KHz, and induction reactance is 2 * 3.14 * 100 * 10
3=628 Ω, capacitive reactance is 1/ (2 * 3.14 * 100 * 10
3* 0.1 * 10
-6)=15.9 Ω.
The existing parallel connection type coupling of contrast:
User's impedance Z s=220 ÷ 10=22 Ω;
Line impedance Z
L≈ 22 ÷ 300=0.0733 Ω.
And line resistance R
L=0.018 Ω mm
2/ M ÷ 10 * (500 * 2)=1.8 Ω.
This shows that parallel connection type only is coupled that line resistance will bring very big attenuation, and adopt the tandem type coupling, can obtain very big improvement sending allowance.
Claims (1)
1, a kind of coupler that utilizes distribution wire to transmit message, it is characterized in that coupler C is connected between user side YH and the line side PL, the low-pressure side of coupling variable device Tc is data side S, on high-tension side winding is divided equally and is L and two windings of L ', link to each other with end of the same name, be serially connected with the winding L of ground wire ' go up and capacitor C 2 is arranged, be connected to capacitor C 1 at the live wire end of user side YH and the ground terminal of line side PL.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99116859 CN1111320C (en) | 1999-09-10 | 1999-09-10 | Coupler for utilizing distribution wire to transmit message |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99116859 CN1111320C (en) | 1999-09-10 | 1999-09-10 | Coupler for utilizing distribution wire to transmit message |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1252649A CN1252649A (en) | 2000-05-10 |
| CN1111320C true CN1111320C (en) | 2003-06-11 |
Family
ID=5279529
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 99116859 Expired - Fee Related CN1111320C (en) | 1999-09-10 | 1999-09-10 | Coupler for utilizing distribution wire to transmit message |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1111320C (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE10041702C2 (en) * | 2000-08-24 | 2002-07-11 | Siemens Ag | Process for the transmission of high-frequency signals on low-voltage networks and associated arrangement |
| CN103929218B (en) * | 2014-04-24 | 2016-03-23 | 浙江盛暄电力科技有限公司 | A kind of electric power signal coupled system |
-
1999
- 1999-09-10 CN CN 99116859 patent/CN1111320C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1252649A (en) | 2000-05-10 |
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