A kind of double three-phase power commutating power supply of self coupling phase shift
Technical field
The utility model relates to a kind of double three-phase power commutating power supply, be particularly related to a kind of at load be two power inversion circuits in the speed regulating device, the voltage of two loads is the same with power, works simultaneously, is the double three-phase power commutating power supply of the self coupling phase shift of reliable insulation on electric.
Background technology
The power commutating power supply of three-phase main-frequency mains supply, load generally are power inversion circuits in the speed regulating device, and required direct voltage is higher, and power is bigger.
The three-phase bridge rectification power supply of capacitor filtering is adopted in direct current output, the waveform of its a certain phase input current i1 is shown in Fig. 1 (a), positive and negative half-wave respectively has the current impulse i0 at a distance of π/3 electrical degrees, place, i0 peak value place and the line voltage-phase basically identical that rectifier power source is powered.If represent i0 with the line segment form, just obtain (b) among Fig. 1, the length of line segment is represented the size of i0 fundamental current or direct current.
Except fundamental current, contain sizable harmonic current among the i1, when i1 is directly supplied with by electrical network, excessive harmonic current can produce the electrical network public hazards, both increase the power consumption of power supply unit and circuit, and can cause the distortion of supply power voltage again, influenced the work of other power device.So must reduce the harmonic current of net side supply current.
The size of i1 harmonic current is relevant with the shape of current impulse i0, and Fig. 2 (a) is the waveform of the current impulse of having amplified, and the angle of flow is less than π/3 electrical degrees.If the direct current output place series direct current reactor of three-phase bridge rectification power supply, the AC reactor of perhaps in three-phase alternating current input, connecting, then the waveform of current impulse i0 becomes (b) among Fig. 2 or (c), the harmonic current of i0 and i1 all reduces to some extent.
Contain DC component among the current impulse i0, fundametal compoment and various harmonic component, but only contain first-harmonic and 6m ± 1 order harmonic components (m is a positive integer) in the current i 1, other harmonic waves are cancellation in theory.This pulse by i1 is formed and is determined that it also is the way that effectively reduces harmonic current that visible appropriate change pulse is formed.
Employing comprises two three-phase rectifier power supplies of two three-phase bridge rectification unit, and through the conversion of rectifier transformer, although the input current of three-phase bridge rectification unit still is i1, net side supply current has become i2.The pulse of i2 is formed as Fig. 3 (a) or (b), and positive and negative half-wave respectively has six pulses of spacing π/3 electrical degrees, and the top envelope of line segment is a sine wave.The analysis showed that i2 only contains first-harmonic and 12m ± 1 subharmonic (m is a positive integer).
The circuit of parallel two three-phase rectifier power supplies as shown in Figure 4, the direct current output-parallel of two bridge rectifier unit U1 and U2 provides electric current to filter capacitor and load jointly.In-line pair of three-phase rectifier power supply is slightly different, is connected to the output series connection of two three-phase bridge rectification unit of filter capacitor, to the direct voltage addition of load output.
In two three-phase rectifier power supplies, the three phase mains of three-phase bridge rectification unit U1 and U2 is supplied with by the limit grouping of paying of rectifier transformer factory.Pay between the winding of limit for two groups and insulate, the line voltage swing of being supplied with equates, phase place π/6 electrical degrees that stagger equably.The former limit of transformer T general with pay the limit insulation, no-load voltage ratio is suitably chosen between former pair of limit, then no requirement (NR) on the phase place, among Fig. 3 (a) person electrical network phase voltage with pay that phase difference is zero between the voltage of sideline, (b) person then is π/12 electrical degrees.
The former pair of limit winding of rectifier transformer T can adopt multiple connection, and triangle is adopted on limit, Fig. 4 Central Plains, pays the triangle that the limit then prolongs for band, and two groups of structural elements of paying the limit winding are the same, just prolong the limit difference, are the symmetry of switched in opposite.
In order further to reduce the harmonic component of net side supply current, the leakage inductance that equates as far as possible that the Fu Bianyou of rectifier transformer T is certain.The effect of leakage inductance is equivalent to the three-phase input of three bridge bridge rectifier unit U1 and U2 and goes up the series connection AC reactor, can reduce the harmonic current of current impulse i0.
In shown in Figure 4 pair of three-phase rectifier power supply, the three phase network input is connected to the restriction excessive circuit of electric current that powers on, and resistance R inserts when powering on, power on finish after, the contact of contactor KM is the R short circuit.The access of resistance R also makes the VD of rectifier power source slowly rise, and prevents to produce in the power up overvoltage.
The technical performance of above-mentioned pair of three-phase rectifier power supply is fairly good, the harmonic current of net side supply current is little, the power factor of power supply and efficient height, performance is very reliable, the shortcoming that exists is that bearing power is all changed by rectifier transformer T, the capacity of T is big, and volume and weight is big, and the cost of power supply is also big simultaneously.
The utility model content
The utility model want the technical solution problem provide a kind of at load be two power inversion circuits in the speed regulating device, the voltage of two loads is the same with power, work simultaneously, on electric reliable the insulation, the harmonic current of net side supply current is little, the double three-phase power commutating power supply of the self coupling phase shift that the capacity of house transformer is little.
The double three-phase power commutating power supply of self coupling phase shift described in the utility model comprises two three-phase bridge rectification unit, three-phase transformer and DC filtering element, and it is series connection phase shift power supply in three-phase input of electrical network.
The double three-phase power commutating power supply of self coupling phase shift described in the utility model, the phase shift power supply that series connection is gone up in described two groups of three phase mains input adopts the form of singly moving, promptly one group of power supply is directly supplied with by electrical network, another group power supply is gone up series connection phase shift power supply by the input of electrical network three-phase, line voltage swing and grid line voltage equate, phase shifts π/6 electrical degrees.
The double three-phase power commutating power supply of self coupling phase shift described in the utility model, the phase shift power supply that series connection is gone up in described two groups of three phase mains input adopts the form of two-track, be in series with the phase shift power supply in the i.e. electrical network three-phase of the two groups of power supplys input, the line voltages of two groups of power supplys output, on the phase place to the mobile on the contrary π of grid line voltage direction/12 electrical degrees.
The double three-phase power commutating power supply of self coupling phase shift described in the utility model mainly comprises two three-phase bridge rectification unit, a transformer and necessary DC filtering circuit.The power supply current-limiting circuit that still need power on is omitted at this.
Core of the present utility model is the three-phase bridge rectification unit.The three-phase bridge rectification unit is connected into by six power diodes, also can be connected into by the rectifier stack of suitable number, perhaps directly uses a three-phase commutation bridge, and the formation of two three-phase bridge rectification unit is the same with specification.
In the utility model, the grouping of the three phase mains of two three-phase bridge rectification unit is supplied with, and requires three line voltage swings of every group of power supply to equate, phase place 2 π/3 electrical degrees that stagger equably, between two groups of power supplys, then require the line voltage swing to equate phase shifting π/6 electrical degrees.
The double three-phase power commutating power supply of self coupling phase shift described in the utility model, in its universal circuit, by the VD of the three-phase bridge rectification unit U1 of power supply 1 three phase supply, through the filter circuit that inductance L 1 and electric capacity 1 constitute, the flat back of filter supply power inverter circuit load 1.After the filter circuit filter that is made of through inductance L 2 and capacitor C 2 VD of the three-phase bridge rectification unit U2 of power supply 2 three phase supplies is flat, supply power inverter circuit load 2.The same L1 of the specification of L2, C2, C1 are the same.
The utility model adopts the self coupling mode to obtain power supply 1 and power supply 2, promptly electric network source each mutually on the suitable phase shift power supply of series connection, make the phase voltage and the requirement of line voltage conforms of power supply 1 and power supply 2 by the series connection phase-shifting voltages.Between threes such as power supply 1, power supply 2 and electric network source is on-insulated, has public mid point.
All phase shift power supplys of the present utility model, generally the limit of paying by a three-phase transformer T provides, the former limit winding of T adopts delta connection concisely, because the voltage that its pair sideline volume is provided differs the pi/2 electrical degree with the electrical network phase voltage on phase place, plays a major role in phase shift.The limit winding of paying of T is conspired to create by two coils of wire at most, and corresponding to singly moving or two kinds of forms of two-track, T one has 3 or 6 and pays the limit winding.
Above-mentioned three-phase transformer can with suitably independently transformer replace three single-phase transformations for example, two three-phase transformers etc.It is less that above-mentioned three-phase transformer is paid the limit leakage inductance that winding is provided, after being connected on the three-phase input upward of three-phase bridge rectification unit, reduce can not to have play a part aspect the current impulse harmonic current big, so the utility model changes the identical L/C filter circuit of direct current output place series connection at two three-phase bridge rectification unit into.
The double three-phase power commutating power supply of self coupling phase shift described in the utility model, two inductance L 1 and L2 in the described L/C filter circuit are two independently reactors; Or be two of a reactor independently inductance.Compact on latter's structure, performance is also better.
The double three-phase power commutating power supply of self coupling phase shift described in the utility model, two inductance in the described L/C filter circuit can change two coils of wire of a mutual reactor into.Two coil of wire mutually insulateds in phase are coupling on the magnetic circuit, magnetic flux addition when direct current passes through, and the turn ratio of two coils of wire is 1: 1, the specification unanimity has equal leakage inductance each other.In the utility model,, guaranteed the harmonic component that having of current impulse is less at the suitable reactor of direct current output place series connection.Utilized the advantage of two three-phase rectifier power supplies again, the waveform of the utility model net side supply current is good, need not to increase in addition power factor compensation and harmonic suppression apparatus, and the harmonic value of net side supply current just can reach standard-required.The power factor of rectifier power source and efficient height, reliable operation.
The capacity (apparent power) of the utility model house transformer T is proportional to the phase-shifting voltages of paying the limit winding.When singly moving, pair edge capacity is sin (π/12)=0.259 with the ratio of two load gross powers.When two-track, it is relevant with the ratio of line voltage with three-phase bridge rectification unit supply power voltage to pay edge capacity, is approximately 0.26 if ratio between 1 and 1.035, is then paid the ratio of edge capacity and two load gross powers.
The double three-phase power commutating power supply of self coupling phase shift described in the utility model adopts the self coupling form, and under the prerequisite that guarantees good technical performance and reliability, the result can make the capacity of transformer reduce greatly, has overcome the deficiencies in the prior art.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the input current figure with the three-phase bridge rectification power supply of capacitor filtering, wherein,
(a) oscillogram
(b) the pulse composition diagram of representing with line segment
Fig. 2 is the current pulse shape figure that forms input current in the three-phase bridge rectification power supply, wherein,
(a) only be connected to filter capacitor in output place
(b) at output place series direct current reactor
(c) change in three-phase output place series connection AC reactor
Fig. 3 is the pulse composition diagram of the net side supply current of two three-phase rectifier power supplies, wherein,
Power supply phase voltage and the line voltage homophase that produces current impulse,
Power supply phase voltage and the line voltage that produces current impulse π/12 electrical degrees that stagger;
Fig. 4 is a parallel pair of three-phase rectifier power supply circuit diagram;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of two three-phase rectifier power supply two-track forms of self coupling phase shift described in the utility model;
When (a) singly moving,
(b) during two-track,
Fig. 6 is the current pulse shape behind the employing mutual reactor,
When (a) load current is less than critical current,
When (b) load current is greater than critical current,
Adopt mutual reactor, if leakage inductance and load current are little, the waveform of current impulse i0 is approximate so be trapezoidal shown in Fig. 6 (a), with cited all different among Fig. 2, and for ease of contrast, the middle with dashed lines of Fig. 6 (a) (b) among Fig. 2 that drawn.From Fig. 6 (a) as seen, current impulse also has smooth top, amplitude be two load currents and, equate that based on two load currents amplitude is exactly the twice of a load current.π/12 electrical degrees are delayed in the electric current beginning of rising simultaneously, and electric current descends begins π/12 electrical degrees in advance, and the minimum angle of flow of i0 is π/6 electrical degrees.Owing to exist leakage inductance, the lifting of electric current all has a change procedure among the i0, makes the angle of flow big along with the increasing of load current.Arrived critical condition, the trapezoidal wave top flat partly disappears, the trapezoidal triangle that becomes;
Fig. 7 is the connection of two three-phase rectifier power supply lists of self coupling phase shift described in the utility model required three phase mains when moving;
Fig. 8 is the connection that the utility model output voltage equals the two-track formula three-phase rectifier power supply of line voltage;
Fig. 9 is a kind of two-track formula three phase mains of having simplified connection;
Figure 10 is two three-phase rectifier power supply schematic diagrames of employing mutual reactor described in the utility model.
Embodiment
The double three-phase power commutating power supply of self coupling phase shift described in the utility model comprises two three-phase bridge rectification unit, three-phase transformer and DC filtering element, series connection phase shift power supply in the three-phase input of electrical network.
The power supply 1 and the power supply 2 of two three-phase bridge rectification unit given in power supply, and its line voltage swing and phase place must meet certain requirement, just can make the rectifier power source operate as normal.Identical at two parameters, as to work simultaneously load is insulated again between load itself, and in order to reduce the capacity of house transformer, the utility model adopts the self coupling phase shift system to obtain power supply 1 and power supply 2.Series connection phase shift power supply in electrical network three-phase input, the vector that the phase voltage of power supply 1 and power supply 2 is electrical network phase voltages presses with the phase shift power supply electrifying and.2 of electric network source 1 and power supplys are on-insulated, have common mid point.
The utility model comprises and singly moving and two kinds of forms of two-track.
Described two groups of three phase mains adopt the form of singly moving, and promptly one group of power supply 1 is directly supplied with by electrical network A, B, C three ends, and another group power supply 2 is by A
1, B
1, C
1Three ends are supplied with, and its line voltage swing and grid line voltage equate, phase shifts π/6 electrical degrees.
Fig. 7 is shown the connection that obtains power supply 2, and A, B, C are the three phase network input among the figure, are connected to the former limit winding of transformer T between input.A1, B1, C1 are the three-phase output end of this power supply.Between A and A1, B and B1, C and C1, be connected to pair limit winding as the phase shift power supply.Each pays the limit winding has two coils of wire to be in series, and the orientation at coil of wire place is parallel with the former limit winding on its same stem stem.
Can introduce relevant line segment among the figure, represent the size of voltage with line segment length.Introduce mid point 0, concerning the A phase, OA represents the electrical network phase voltage, and OA1 represents the out-put supply phase voltage, and AA1 represents the phase shift power source voltage. obvious (AA1/OA)=2sin (π/12).This value is removed 2, the sin that obtains (π/12)=0.259, this pays the ratio of edge capacity with the load gross power for transformer.
Described two groups of three phase mains adopt the pattern of two-track, i.e. be in series with the phase shift power supply in the electrical network three-phase of the two groups of power supplys input, the line voltages of two groups of power supply outputs, on the phase place to the mobile on the contrary π of grid line voltage direction/12 electrical degrees.
If require the phase voltage of power supply 1 and power supply 2 all to equate with the electrical network phase voltage.Its connection as shown in Figure 8, corresponding to electrical network three-phase input A, B, C, A1, B1, C1 and A2, B2, C2 are respectively the three-phase output ends of power supply 1 and power supply 2, the phase shift power supply one that is used for obtaining power supply 1 and power supply 2 has 6.Pair edge capacity of transformer is 2sin (pi/2 4)=0.261 with the ratio of load gross power.
During two-track, power supply 1 has identical internal impedance with power supply 2, and symmetry is good, but Fig. 8 shows scheme, and as pair limit winding of phase shift power supply, each is all conspired to create by two coils of wire, and more complicated is also made mistakes easily.A kind of as shown in Figure 9 reduction procedure produces the phase shift power supply with a coil of wire.At this moment the transformer ratio of paying edge capacity and load gross power becomes sin (π/12)=0.259 again, and the voltage that it should be noted that power supply 1 and power supply 2 is than the big CSC of line voltage (π/12)=1.035 times.
When singly moving, net side supply current of the present utility model has the pulse composition that Fig. 3 (a) shows, if two-track just becomes the pulse composition that Fig. 3 (b) shows.On the harmonic value that reduces net side supply current, both effects are identical.
Double three-phase power commutating power supply of the present utility model is connected on respectively in the output of two three-phase bridge rectification unit with the L/C filter circuit of two direct current reactor L1 and L2, reduces the harmonic component of current impulse i0, as shown in Figure 5.
Two inductance in the described L/C type filter circuit can be two independently reactors, also can be two of a reactor independently inductance, and as on one three post iron core, only aside two stem stems are wound with the inductance coil of wire, and center pinch is empty.Two inductance are done together, can be reduced by two spaces that reactor is shared, the direct current flux that passes through in the center pinch is offset, and is equivalent to shorten the length of magnetic path, can increase the inductance of the coil of wire.
Shown in Figure 10, reduce the another kind of mode of current impulse harmonic current, in the output of three-phase bridge rectification unit U1 and U2, connect the direct current reactor of coupling.Two inductance of L/C filter circuit are two coils of wire of a mutual reactor, two coil of wire mutually insulateds, coil of wire L1 and L2 in an iron core couple in phase on a magnetic circuit, load current by the time, the magnetic flux addition in the iron core.Two coil of wire turn ratioes are 1: 1, and the specification unanimity has equal leakage inductance each other.
The coupling reactor is coupled to the alternating current component of a three-phase bridge rectification unit output pulse in the output of another unit altogether, U1 and U2 take turns two unit conducting, magnetic flux during commutation in the iron core is constant, by changing the direct voltage on the filter capacitor, make the mean value of U1 and U2 output current be respectively Id1 and Id2, current impulse has smooth top in the output current as a result, its amplitude is an electric current and (Id1+Id2), and the angle of flow then is respectively (π/3) Id1/ (Id1+Id2) and (π/3) Id2/ (Id1+Id2).
Current pulse shape is stable during than pure capacitance filtering, and its harmonic component is smaller, in order further to reduce the harmonic component of current impulse, equal leakage inductance is arranged during two coils of wire couplings of coupling reactor altogether of the present utility model.
Because the inductance coil of wire exists leakage inductance, the lifting of electric current just has a process in the current impulse, makes the conducting of current impulse expand backward, and the angle that is increased is overlap angle.In the pairing time t0 of overlap angle, two rectification unit power pulses of U1 and U2 exist simultaneously, when a cell current pulse current descends, and the current increases of another cell current pulse, both remain unchanged at sum.
The waveform of current impulse, general shown in Fig. 6 (a), be approximately a trapezoidal wave.The size of overlap angle is directly proportional with coil of wire leakage inductance and load current, along with load current strengthens and strengthens.Arrived critical condition, overlap angle reaches π/6, that is the angle of flow equals π/3, and trapezoidal wave crest par part no longer exists, and the waveform of current impulse becomes triangle.
If load current has surpassed critical current, the overlap angle and the angle of flow no longer increase so, and the waveform of current impulse becomes among Fig. 6 (b) such shown in the dotted line, increases a square wave partly under triangle.Two rectification unit current impulses stack up, and the ascent stage just in time fills and leads up with descending branch, fill and lead up the back amplitude and still are load current sum (Id1+Id2).
In the current pulse shape shown in Figure 6, diminishing of the big and platform part of the change of the angle of flow is very beneficial for reducing of current impulse and net side supply current low-order harmonic.Little when electric current is also than general direct current reactor during commutation in addition, this helps reducing net side supply current and reduces high order harmonic component.