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CN111041816B - 一种阻燃抑烟pvc薄膜的制备 - Google Patents

一种阻燃抑烟pvc薄膜的制备 Download PDF

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CN111041816B
CN111041816B CN201911248029.0A CN201911248029A CN111041816B CN 111041816 B CN111041816 B CN 111041816B CN 201911248029 A CN201911248029 A CN 201911248029A CN 111041816 B CN111041816 B CN 111041816B
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pvc film
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CN111041816A (zh
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周瑾
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Nantong Jimei Decoration Materials Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种阻燃抑烟PVC薄膜的制备，包括以下步骤：A、配制前驱体溶液；B、将步骤A配置的前驱体溶液在室温下剧烈搅拌，得到纺丝液；C、将步骤B的纺丝液进行静电纺丝得到PVC薄膜，所述的静电纺丝时在纺丝区间施加恒温热场并控制接收装置的温度；D、将步骤C得到PVC薄膜在室温下进行干燥，E、将步骤4得到的PVC薄膜浸渍于具有协同阻燃效果的多金属氧酸盐溶液中10‑60min；F、将步骤E得到的经POM修饰的PVC薄膜在真空炉中干燥，该发明中阻燃抑烟PVC薄膜的制备，使用的无机阻燃剂具有安全性高，抑烟，无毒，价廉等优点，且其性能稳定，不易挥发，符合国家所提倡的节能环保理念，加之配合多金属氧酸盐进行协同阻燃，使其阻燃抑烟效果更加明显。

Description

一种阻燃抑烟PVC薄膜的制备
技术领域
本发明涉及在PVC纺丝液中掺杂新型无机消烟阻燃剂，制备PVC薄膜，并浸渍多金属氧酸盐(POM)溶液获得阻燃抑烟PVC薄膜制造技术领域，具体为一种阻燃抑烟PVC薄膜的制备。
背景技术
近几年我国发生了多起严重的火灾,造成了巨大的财产损失和人员伤亡，而引发火灾主要原因就是建筑中大量使用了易燃的高分子材料，因而对高分子材料的阻燃研究具有重要的意义。PVC是主要的高分子材料之一,虽然其本身有较好的阻燃性能,但由于其燃烧时发烟量大,并且其半硬制品和软制品生产过程中加入了大量的增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二辛酯,使其燃烧性能增强,从而达不到阻燃要求。目前现在多用于PVC中的无机阻燃剂主要为三氧化二锑,三氧化二锑虽然可以起到很好的阻燃效果,但是发烟量很大,而且这种烟有极大可能致癌,因此找到新型的无机阻燃剂来代替三氧化二锑势在必行。
PVC主要成分为聚氯乙烯，为微黄色半透明状，有光泽。透明度胜于聚乙烯、聚丙烯，差于聚苯乙烯，随助剂用量不同，分为软、硬聚氯乙烯，软制品柔而韧，手感粘，硬制品的硬度高于低密度聚乙烯，而低于聚丙烯，在屈折处会出现白化现象。常见制品：板材、管材、鞋底、玩具、门窗、电线外皮、文具等。是一种使用一个氯原子取代聚乙烯中的一个氢原子的高分子材料。
多金属氧酸盐(POMs)是一种Lewis酸，具有强酸性和氧化性，是一种可调节性强、热稳定性好且具有良好催化性能的绿色环保催化/协效剂。当POMs与大分子有机基团结合时，能够产生有机-无机杂化的室温离子液体，同时具备两者的优点，具有良好协效性的同时，改善其在基体中的相容性。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种阻燃抑烟PVC薄膜，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种阻燃抑烟PVC薄膜的制备,包括以下步骤：
A、配制前驱体溶液；
B、将步骤A配置的前驱体溶液在室温下剧烈搅拌，得到纺丝液；
C、将步骤B的纺丝液进行静电纺丝得到PVC薄膜，所述的静电纺丝时在纺丝区间施加恒温热场并控制接收装置的温度；
D、将步骤C得到PVC薄膜在室温下进行干燥；
E、将步骤D得到的PVC薄膜浸渍于具有协同阻燃效果的多金属氧酸盐溶液中10-60min；
F、将步骤E得到的经POM修饰的PVC薄膜在真空炉中干燥。
优选的，所述根据步骤A前驱体溶液由PVC和阻燃抑烟剂组成，所述的PVC用量为10-40％w/v，阻燃抑烟剂体系浓度为1-5％，所述的阻燃抑烟剂为羟基锡酸锌，膨胀型阻燃剂。
优选的，所述根据步骤B前驱体溶液在室温下剧烈搅拌12h-36h。
优选的，所述根据步骤C恒温热场的温度为50-100℃，所述接收装置的温度为-10℃-0℃，所述静电纺丝的参数为：相对湿度20-70％，灌注速度为0.4-3mL/h，电压10-60kV,接收装置与喷丝口间的距离10-40cm，所述接收装置为铝箔纸或金属板。
优选的，所述根据步骤DPVC薄膜在室温40℃干燥6h-24h。
优选的，所述根据步骤E多金属氧酸盐为有机-无机杂多钼酸盐，所述多金属氧酸盐的用量为1-5wt％。
优选的，所述根据步骤F将步骤E得到的经POM修饰的PVC薄膜在30-60℃的真空炉中干燥12-48h。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
本发明中阻燃抑烟PVC薄膜的制备，使用的无机阻燃剂具有安全性高，抑烟，无毒，价廉等优点，且其性能稳定，不易挥发，符合国家所提倡的节能环保理念，加之配合多金属氧酸盐进行协同阻燃，使其阻燃抑烟效果更加明显。
具体实施方式
下面对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明提供如下技术方案：一种阻燃抑烟PVC薄膜的制备,包括以下步骤：
A、配制前驱体溶液；
B、将步骤A配置的前驱体溶液在室温下剧烈搅拌，得到纺丝液；
C、将步骤B的纺丝液进行静电纺丝得到PVC薄膜，所述的静电纺丝时在纺丝区间施加恒温热场并控制接收装置的温度；
D、将步骤C得到PVC薄膜在室温下进行干燥；
E、将步骤D得到的PVC薄膜浸渍于具有协同阻燃效果的多金属氧酸盐溶液中10-60min；
F、将步骤E得到的经POM修饰的PVC薄膜在真空炉中干燥。
将体系浓度为1％羟基锡酸锌溶于10％w/v的PVC水溶液中，得到前驱体溶液，前驱体溶液由PVC和阻燃抑烟剂组成，PVC用量为10-40％w/v，阻燃抑烟剂体系浓度为1-5％，所述的阻燃抑烟剂为羟基锡酸锌，膨胀型阻燃剂。
将配置的前驱体溶液在室温下剧烈搅拌12h-36h，得到纺丝液
纺丝液进行静电纺丝得到PVC薄膜，的静电纺丝时在纺丝区间施加恒温热场并控制接收装置的温度，恒温热场的温度为50-100℃，所述接收装置的温度为-10℃-0℃，所述静电纺丝的参数为：相对湿度20-70％，灌注速度为0.4-3mL/h，电压10-60kV,接收装置与喷丝口间的距离10-40cm，所述接收装置为铝箔纸或金属板。
将上述得到的PVC薄膜在室温40℃干燥6h-24h，将PVC薄膜浸渍于具有协同阻燃效果的多金属氧酸盐溶液中10-60min，多金属氧酸盐为有机-无机杂多钼酸盐，所述多金属氧酸盐的用量为1-5wt％，再将得到的经POM修饰的PVC薄膜在30-60℃的真空炉中干燥12-48h。
实施例1，将体系浓度为1％羟基锡酸锌溶于10％w/v的PVC水溶液中，得到前驱体溶液，前驱体溶液由PVC和阻燃抑烟剂组成，PVC用量为10-40％w/v，阻燃抑烟剂体系浓度为1-5％，所述的阻燃抑烟剂为羟基锡酸锌，膨胀型阻燃剂。
将配置的前驱体溶液在室温下剧烈搅拌12h，得到纺丝液
纺丝液进行静电纺丝得到PVC薄膜，的静电纺丝时在纺丝区间施加恒温热场并控制接收装置的温度，恒温热场的温度为60℃，所述接收装置的温度为0℃，所述静电纺丝的参数为：相对湿度45％，灌注速度为3mL/h，电压15kV,接收装置与喷丝口间的距离15cm，所述接收装置为铝箔纸或金属板。
将上述得到的PVC薄膜在室温40℃干燥8h，将PVC薄膜浸渍于具有协同阻燃效果的多金属氧酸盐溶液中30min，多金属氧酸盐为有机-无机杂多钼酸盐，所述多金属氧酸盐的用量为1wt％，再将得到的经POM修饰的PVC薄膜在40℃的真空炉中干燥24h。
实施例2，将体系浓度为1％羟基锡酸锌溶于20％w/v的PVC水溶液中，得到前驱体溶液，前驱体溶液由PVC和阻燃抑烟剂组成，PVC用量为10-40％w/v，阻燃抑烟剂体系浓度为1-5％，所述的阻燃抑烟剂为羟基锡酸锌，膨胀型阻燃剂。
将配置的前驱体溶液在室温下剧烈搅拌24h，得到纺丝液
纺丝液进行静电纺丝得到PVC薄膜，的静电纺丝时在纺丝区间施加恒温热场并控制接收装置的温度，恒温热场的温度为75℃，所述接收装置的温度为-5℃，所述所述静电纺丝的参数为：相对湿度45％，灌注速度为1mL/h，电压18kV,接收装置与喷丝口间的距离30cm，所述接收装置为铝箔纸或金属板。
将上述得到的PVC薄膜在室温40℃干燥24h，将PVC薄膜浸渍于具有协同阻燃效果的多金属氧酸盐溶液中10min，多金属氧酸盐为有机-无机杂多钼酸盐，所述多金属氧酸盐的用量为5wt％，再将得到的经POM修饰的PVC薄膜在30℃的真空炉中干燥38h。
技术原理：阻燃抑烟剂不仅可以在气相和凝聚相中同时起阻燃作用还可以同含卤阻燃剂或金属氧化物产生协同效应，且当PVC薄膜浸渍POMs后，POMs与大分子有机基团结合时，能够产生有机-无机杂化的室温离子液体，使其具有良好协效性的同时，改善其在基体中的相容性。
综上所述，本发明中阻燃抑烟PVC薄膜的制备，使用的无机阻燃剂具有安全性高，抑烟，无毒，价廉等优点，且其性能稳定，不易挥发，符合国家所提倡的节能环保理念，加之配合多金属氧酸盐进行协同阻燃，使其阻燃抑烟效果更加明显。
本发明的有益效果是：
本发明中阻燃抑烟PVC薄膜的制备，使用的无机阻燃剂具有安全性高，抑烟，无毒，价廉等优点，且其性能稳定，不易挥发，符合国家所提倡的节能环保理念，加之配合多金属氧酸盐进行协同阻燃，使其阻燃抑烟效果更加明显。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (3)

1.一种阻燃抑烟PVC薄膜的制备,其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
A、配制前驱体溶液；
B、将步骤A配置的前驱体溶液在室温下剧烈搅拌，得到纺丝液；
C、将步骤B的纺丝液进行静电纺丝得到PVC薄膜，所述的静电纺丝时在纺丝区间施加恒温热场并控制接收装置的温度；
D、将步骤C得到PVC薄膜在室温下进行干燥；
E、将步骤D得到的PVC薄膜浸渍于具有协同阻燃效果的多金属氧酸盐溶液中10-60min；
F、将步骤E得到的经多金属氧酸盐修饰的PVC薄膜在真空炉中干燥；
所述根据步骤A前驱体溶液由PVC和阻燃抑烟剂组成，所述的PVC用量为10-40％w/v，阻燃抑烟剂体系浓度为1-5％，所述的阻燃抑烟剂为羟基锡酸锌；
所述根据步骤C恒温热场的温度为50-100℃，所述接收装置的温度为-10℃-0℃，所述静电纺丝的参数为：相对湿度20-70％，灌注速度为0.4-3mL/h，电压10-60kV,接收装置与喷丝口间的距离10-40cm，所述接收装置为铝箔纸或金属板；
所述根据步骤E多金属氧酸盐为有机-无机杂多钼酸盐，所述多金属氧酸盐的用量为1-5wt％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃抑烟PVC薄膜的制备,其特征在于：所述根据步骤B前驱体溶液在室温下剧烈搅拌12h-36h。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种阻燃抑烟PVC薄膜的制备,其特征在于：所述根据步骤F将步骤E得到的经多金属氧酸盐修饰的PVC薄膜在30-60℃的真空炉中干燥12-48h。
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