CN111035402A - Spinal coronal balance assessment device - Google Patents
Spinal coronal balance assessment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN111035402A CN111035402A CN201911226238.5A CN201911226238A CN111035402A CN 111035402 A CN111035402 A CN 111035402A CN 201911226238 A CN201911226238 A CN 201911226238A CN 111035402 A CN111035402 A CN 111035402A
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- A61B6/50—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment specially adapted for specific body parts; specially adapted for specific clinical applications
- A61B6/505—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment specially adapted for specific body parts; specially adapted for specific clinical applications for diagnosis of bone
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- A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
- A61B6/04—Positioning of patients; Tiltable beds or the like
- A61B6/0492—Positioning of patients; Tiltable beds or the like using markers or indicia for aiding patient positioning
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种脊柱冠状面平衡评估装置，包括基准杆、两个定位杆和测量单元，测量单元用于对基准杆与C7椎体棘突的距离进行测量，因为两个定位杆的一端均与基准杆铰接于同一铰接点并形成定位夹角，另一端均设置在人体的后背且分别与两个髂脊上边缘点对应，且基准杆与定位夹角的角平分线重合，从而使得基准杆与人体的两个髂脊上边缘点的连线的中垂线重合，而人体的两个髂脊上边缘点的连线即为髂前上棘连线，所以，本发明的脊柱冠状面平衡评估装置能够始终稳定地对髂前上棘连线的中垂线与C7椎体棘突的距离进行测量，并通过自带的测量单元稳定测量结果对脊柱冠状面平衡状态进行有效评估。
The invention provides a spinal coronal plane balance evaluation device, comprising a reference rod, two positioning rods and a measuring unit, the measuring unit is used to measure the distance between the reference rod and the spinous process of the C7 vertebral body, because one end of the two positioning rods Both are hinged with the reference rod at the same hinge point and form a positioning angle, the other ends are set on the back of the human body and correspond to the upper edge points of the two iliac ridges respectively, and the reference rod and the angle bisector of the positioning angle coincide, so The mid-perpendicular line of the connection line between the reference bar and the upper edge points of the two iliac ridges of the human body is overlapped, and the connection line of the upper edge points of the two iliac ridges of the human body is the connection line of the anterior superior iliac spine. Therefore, the spine of the present invention The coronal plane balance evaluation device can always measure the distance between the mid-perpendicular line connecting the anterior superior iliac spine and the spinous process of the C7 vertebral body, and can effectively evaluate the coronal balance state of the spine through the stable measurement results of the built-in measurement unit. .
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a spinal coronal plane balance evaluation device.
Background
Scoliosis, also known as scoliosis, is a three-dimensional deformity of the spine that includes abnormalities in the sequence of coronal, sagittal, and axial locations.
Scoliosis deformity is particularly indicated in the case of a deviation of the spinal column in the coronal position, where mild scoliosis can be observed and severe ones require surgical treatment. Scoliosis deformity is a common disease harmful to teenagers and children, and is mainly discovered and treated early. Along with the improvement of the operation level, more and more idiopathic scoliosis patients are fixed and treated by posterior pedicle screw fixation and osteotomy orthopedic bone grafting fusion internal fixation, along with the development of instruments, the orthopedic effect of the operation gradually becomes better, but the incidence of the scoliosis is still higher, and the scoliosis can influence the living quality of the patients to a certain extent. In specific practice, scoliosis is often judged by using the balance of the coronal plane of the spine, specifically, when the distance between the perpendicular bisector of the connecting line of the anterior superior iliac spine and the spinous process of the C7 vertebral body is greater than 20mm, the scoliosis is judged to be the unbalance of the coronal plane of the spine, namely the scoliosis occurs. Therefore, evaluating the equilibrium state of the coronal plane of the spine allows determining whether a scoliosis deformity has occurred.
Up to now, there is a method of using a medical instrument applied to the evaluation of the balanced state of the coronal plane of the spine, in which a physician positions a perpendicular bisector of a connecting line of anterior superior iliac spines as a reference line by touching the surface of the back of a subject based on experience, and measures the distance between the perpendicular bisector of the connecting line of anterior superior iliac spines and the spinous process of the C7 vertebral body. However, the following disadvantages exist, which make the evaluation result deviate from the actual situation greatly: 1. poor stability, the datum line often found in the use process is not coincident with the perpendicular bisector of the anterior superior iliac spine connecting line, so that the measuring datum is lost. 2. The instrument is not provided with any measuring device, so that when the distance is measured, the distance needs to be measured indirectly, and the measurement error is inevitably caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide an evaluation apparatus capable of effectively evaluating a balanced state of a coronal plane of a spine.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a spinal coronal plane balance evaluating device, which is characterized by comprising: the positioning unit is used for positioning the upper edge points of the two iliac spines of the human body; a reference lever disposed on the positioning unit; and the measuring unit is used for measuring the distance between the reference rod and the spinous process of the C7 vertebral body, wherein the positioning unit comprises two positioning rods, one ends of the two positioning rods are hinged to the same hinge point with the reference rod, the other ends of the two positioning rods are arranged on the back of the human body and respectively coincide with the upper edge points of the two iliac spines, the included angle formed by the two positioning rods is used as a positioning included angle, the reference rod coincides with the angle bisector of the positioning included angle, and therefore the reference rod coincides with the perpendicular bisector of the connecting line of the upper edge points of the two iliac spines of the human body.
In the apparatus for evaluating balance of coronal plane of spine provided by the present invention, the apparatus may further have the following features: wherein, the positioning unit still contains movable block and two bracing pieces, the movable block is movably installed on the benchmark pole, thereby can remove along the length direction of benchmark pole, the both ends of bracing piece correspond respectively and articulate on locating lever and movable block, regard the pin joint of locating lever and benchmark pole as first pin joint, regard the pin joint of bracing piece and locating lever as the second pin joint, regard the distance of first pin joint and second pin joint as articulated distance, two articulated distances are the same, thereby at the removal in-process of movable block, the reference pole coincides all the time with the angular bisector of location contained angle.
In the apparatus for evaluating balance of coronal plane of spine provided by the present invention, the apparatus may further have the following features: wherein, the positioning unit still contains two locating plate installed parts and two locating plates, and locating plate installed part and locating plate all correspond the setting with the locating lever, and locating plate installed part detachably installs at the other end of locating lever, has a plurality of installation teeth, and the locating plate has a plurality of locating holes, and the installation tooth inserts and installs in the locating hole.
In the apparatus for evaluating balance of coronal plane of spine provided by the present invention, the apparatus may further have the following features: wherein, a plurality of locating holes are arranged in a matrix.
In the apparatus for evaluating balance of coronal plane of spine provided by the present invention, it may further comprise: the fixing unit comprises two connecting rods and a fixing component, the two connecting rods are correspondingly installed on the positioning plate, the fixing component is installed on the two connecting rods, the fixing component comprises a telescopic rod and a spinous process clamp, the telescopic rod is vertically installed on the spinous process clamp, and the telescopic rod can stretch in the vertical direction.
In the apparatus for evaluating balance of coronal plane of spine provided by the present invention, the apparatus may further have the following features: wherein, fixed subassembly still contains universal dish and two connecting blocks, and the universal dish is installed in the upper end of telescopic link, has the arc guide rail, and two connecting blocks correspond the suit and outside two connecting rods, and the connecting block cooperatees with the arc guide rail, can follow the arc guide rail and carry out the arc and remove.
In the apparatus for evaluating balance of coronal plane of spine provided by the present invention, the apparatus may further have the following features: wherein, the measuring unit contains measures the ruler, measures the length direction of ruler and is perpendicular with the reference bar to on movably the installation reference bar, thereby can follow the length direction of reference bar and remove.
In the apparatus for evaluating balance of coronal plane of spine provided by the present invention, the apparatus may further have the following features: the measuring ruler is provided with a scale mark part and other parts, the material of the scale mark part is X-ray opaque material, and the other parts are X-ray transparent material.
In the apparatus for evaluating balance of coronal plane of spine provided by the present invention, the apparatus may further have the following features: wherein "0" of the scale line portion is located at a position corresponding to the reference bar.
Action and Effect of the invention
The device for evaluating the balance of the coronal plane of the spine comprises a reference rod, two positioning rods and a measuring unit, wherein the measuring unit is used for measuring the distance between the reference rod and the spinous process of the C7 vertebral body, because one end of each positioning rod is hinged with the reference rod at the same hinge point to form a positioning included angle, the other end of each positioning rod is arranged at the back of the human body and respectively corresponds to the upper edge points of the two iliac ridges, and the reference rods are superposed with the angular bisector of the positioning included angle, thereby the reference rod is superposed with the perpendicular bisector of the connecting line of the upper edge points of the two iliac spines of the human body, the connecting line of the upper edge points of the two iliac spines of the human body is the connecting line of the anterior superior iliac spines, therefore, the device for evaluating the balance of the coronal plane of the spine can always stably measure the distance between the perpendicular bisector of the connecting line of the anterior superior iliac spine and the spinous process of the C7 vertebral body, and the balance state of the coronal plane of the spine is effectively evaluated by stabilizing the measurement result through the self-contained measurement unit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a first perspective view of a coronal balance assessment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic perspective view of a coronal balance assessment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a positioning unit and a reference bar of the spinal coronal plane balance evaluating apparatus in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the connection of the positioning rod and the positioning plate mounting member of the apparatus for evaluating the balance of the coronal plane of the spine in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the connection of the mounting member of the alignment plate and the alignment plate of the apparatus for evaluating the balance of coronal plane of spine in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a positioning plate of the apparatus for evaluating the balance of coronal plane of a spine in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the installation of the connecting rod and the positioning plate of the apparatus for evaluating the balance of coronal plane of spine in the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the mounting assembly of the spinal coronal plane balance evaluation device in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic connection diagram of the gimbal plate, the connection block and the positioning plate of the apparatus for evaluating the balance of coronal plane of spine in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the mounting of the measurement unit and reference bar in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the mounting assembly of the spinal coronal balance evaluating apparatus in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing the positioning of the positioning plate of the apparatus for evaluating the balance of coronal plane of spine in accordance with the exemplary embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic top view of an installation procedure of a coronal balance assessment device in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a perspective view of an installation procedure of the apparatus for evaluating coronal balance of a spine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic side view of a measurement procedure of a coronal balance assessment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
FIG. 16 is a schematic side view of the measurement process of the apparatus for evaluating coronal balance of a vertebral column according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation features, the achievement objects and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the following embodiments are specifically described with reference to the attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a first perspective view of a coronal plane balance evaluating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 2 is a second perspective view of the coronal plane balance evaluating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the apparatus 100 for evaluating balance of coronal plane of spine in the present embodiment is used for measuring the distance between the perpendicular bisector of the line connecting the upper edge points of the two iliac spines of the human body and the spinous process of the C7 vertebral body, and comprises a positioning unit 10, a reference rod 20, a fixing unit 30 and a measuring unit 40.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a positioning unit and a reference rod of the spinal coronal plane balance evaluating apparatus in an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the positioning unit 10 is used for positioning two iliac crest upper edge points of a human body, and includes a moving block 11, two support rods 12, two positioning rods 13, two positioning plate mounting pieces 14, and two positioning plates 15.
Two locating levers 13 length is the same, both sides and one end that are located benchmark pole 20 respectively all articulate in same pin joint with benchmark pole 20, and the other end all sets up at human back and corresponds with two iliac crest top edge points respectively, regards the contained angle that two locating levers 13 formed as the location contained angle, and benchmark pole 20 coincides with the angular bisector of location contained angle, and based on isosceles triangle's three-wire unification principle, the plumb line coincidence of the line of benchmark pole 20 and two iliac crest top edge points of human, is promptly with the plumb line coincidence of anterior superior iliac spine line. In the present embodiment, the two positioning rods 13 are both located on the first plane P, and the reference rod 20 is parallel to the first plane P.
The moving block 11 is movably mounted on the reference rod 20, specifically, sleeved on the reference rod 20, and can move along the length direction of the reference rod 20. In the present embodiment, the moving block 11 has an "L" shape, and the moving block 11 has a height direction perpendicular to the reference rod 20 and has equal volumes on both left and right sides of the reference rod 20.
The both ends of two bracing pieces 12 are equallyd divide and are corresponded respectively and articulate on locating lever 13 and movable block 11, regard the pin joint of locating lever 13 and benchmark pole 20 as first pin joint I1, regard the pin joint of bracing piece 12 and locating lever 13 as second pin joint I2, regard the distance of first pin joint I1 and second pin joint I2 as articulated distance, two articulated distances are all the same, thereby at the removal in-process of movable block 11, the other end of two locating levers 13, the free end of locating lever 13 can expand each other or draw in promptly, and benchmark pole 20 coincides all the time with the angular bisector of location contained angle. In the present embodiment, the two support rods 12 are located on the first plane P, the vertical distances from the two hinge points of the two support rods 12 on the moving block 11 to the reference rod 20 are the same, when the moving block 11 moves rightward (in the direction a shown in fig. 3) along the length direction of the reference rod 20, the other ends of the two positioning rods 13 are spread apart from each other (in the directions B and C shown in fig. 3), and when the moving block 11 moves leftward (in the opposite direction to the direction a shown in fig. 3) along the length direction of the reference rod 20, the other ends of the two positioning rods 13 are folded together (in the opposite directions of the direction B and the direction C shown in fig. 3).
Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing the connection of the positioning rod and the positioning plate mounting member of the apparatus for evaluating the balance of the coronal plane of the spine in the embodiment of the present invention.
The two positioning plate mounting pieces 14 are respectively correspondingly arranged at the other ends of the two positioning rods 13, namely, at the free ends of the positioning rods 13.
The positioning plate attachment 14 is detachably attached to the other end of the positioning rod 13, and one end surface of the positioning plate attachment 14 remote from the positioning rod 13 has a plurality of attachment teeth 141. In the present embodiment, a plane of one end surface of the positioning plate mounting member 14 away from the positioning rod 13 is parallel to the first plane P and is a perfect circular surface, a line connecting a center of the perfect circular surface and the other end of the positioning rod 13 is perpendicular to the perfect circular surface, a connecting point of the positioning rod 13 and the positioning plate mounting member 14 corresponds to the center of the perfect circular surface, and the positioning plate mounting member 14 is mounted on the positioning rod 13 through a rotating bearing, so that the end surface having the mounting teeth 141 can rotate around the center of the end surface.
The plurality of mounting teeth 141 are vertically mounted on the end surface of the positioning plate mounting member 13 and are uniformly distributed. In the present embodiment, the number of the mounting teeth 141 is 4, and is uniformly provided at the edge of the end surface of the positioning plate mount 14 in the circumferential direction of the end surface. The mounting tooth 141 is divided into a tooth root 1411 and a tooth tip 1412 from a fixed end to a free end of the mounting tooth 141 along a height direction, the tooth tip 1412 is two wedge-shaped elastic pieces extending in a length direction of the mounting tooth 141, an elastic deformation direction of the two wedge-shaped elastic pieces faces an axis of an end face of the positioning plate mounting member 13, an elastic recovery direction is opposite to the elastic deformation direction, a locking groove 1413 is formed in a surface of the tooth tip 1412 facing the outside of the positioning plate mounting member 13 at a position where the tooth tip 1412 is connected with the tooth root 1411, and the locking groove 1413 is a straight groove perpendicular to the length direction of the mounting tooth 141.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view showing the connection of the spacer mounting member and the spacer of the apparatus for evaluating the balance of the coronal plane of the spine in the embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the spacer of the apparatus for evaluating the balance of the coronal plane of the spine in the embodiment of the present invention.
Both the positioning plates 15 are provided corresponding to the positioning plate mounting members 14 and the positioning rods 13, and have a plurality of positioning holes 151. In this embodiment, the positioning plate 15 is made of a material impermeable to X-rays, the positioning plate 15 is detachably mounted on the positioning plate mounting member 14, and the thickness of the positioning plate 15 is matched with the catching groove 1413 of the tooth tip 1412.
The plurality of positioning holes 151 are through holes and arranged in a matrix, and the mounting teeth 141 are inserted and mounted in the positioning holes 151. In this embodiment, the positioning holes 151 are square through holes, and the number of the positioning holes is 289, and a square matrix of 17 rows and 17 columns is formed. In the vicinity of two adjacent sides of the square matrix, marks (such as "a" to "K" and "1" to "9" shown in fig. 6) are provided for positioning in rows and columns and are formed by hollowing out the positioning plate 15.
The length or width of the positioning hole 151 matches the width of the elastic piece of the tooth tip 1412, and the mounting tooth 141 can be inserted and mounted in the positioning hole 151 through the elastic piece. In the present embodiment, the specific process of installation is to apply an external force to the mounting teeth 141, draw in 4 mounting teeth 141 to elastically deform 4 mounting teeth 141, so that the elastic piece starts to enter the positioning hole 151, and then remove the external force to continuously push the positioning plate mounting member 14 toward the positioning plate 15 along the thickness direction of the positioning plate 15 until the positioning plate 15 slides into the locking groove 1413 of the tooth tip 1412, and the locking groove 1413 fixes the positioning plate 15 on the positioning plate mounting member 14. When an external force is applied to the 4 mounting teeth 141, the 4 mounting teeth 141 are closed to elastically deform the 4 mounting teeth 141, so that the positioning plate 15 can be removed from the positioning plate attachment member 14.
A reference bar 20 is provided on the positioning unit 10, in this embodiment the reference bar 20 is a rigid elongated bar.
Fig. 7 is a schematic view of a fixing assembly of the coronal balance evaluating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, fig. 8 is a schematic view of an installation of the fixing assembly of the coronal balance evaluating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, and fig. 9 is a schematic view of connection of a gimbal plate, a connecting block, and a positioning plate of the coronal balance evaluating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 7-9, the fixing unit 30 includes two connecting rods 31 and a fixing assembly 32.
The two connecting rods 31 are correspondingly installed on the positioning plate 15, and in this embodiment, one end of the connecting rod 31 is rotatably installed on the positioning plate 15 through a butterfly screw L2 and a connecting clip L1, so that the positioning plate 15 can rotate around a first butterfly screw L2 as a rotation center and can be fixed through a first butterfly screw L2. The connecting clip L1 is sleeved on the connecting rod 31, so that the connecting clip L1 can move along the length direction of the connecting rod 31 and be fixed by the second butterfly screw L3.
The fixing component 32 is installed on the other end of the two connecting rods 31 and comprises a telescopic rod 321, a spinous process clamp 322, a universal disc 323 and a connecting block 324.
The number of the connecting blocks 324 is 2, and the connecting blocks are provided corresponding to the connecting rod 31 and are sleeved outside the connecting rod 31 so as to be movable in the length direction of the connecting rod 31, and in this embodiment, the connecting blocks 324 can be moved in the length direction of the connecting rod 31 and fixed by the third butterfly screws L4.
Be provided with arc guide rail 3231 on the universal disk 323, connecting block 324 cooperatees with arc guide rail 3231, can carry out the arc removal along the length direction of arc guide rail, in this embodiment, arc guide rail 3231 is the arc of fretwork, and the one end of connecting block 323 is the shaft-like (not marked in the drawing) with arc guide rail 3231 matched with, passes arc guide rail 3231 with shaft-like tip to it is spacing to be greater than the locating part of fretwork area at the shaft-like tip installation of wearing out, thereby makes connecting block 323 can carry out the arc removal along the length direction of arc guide rail 3231.
The upper end of the telescopic rod 321 is vertically installed on the lower end face of the universal disc 323 and can stretch and retract along the vertical direction, and in the embodiment, the telescopic rod 321 is a two-segment type nested telescopic rod.
The spinous process clamp 322 is installed at the lower end of the telescopic rod 321, and has an opening rod 322A, a clamping arm 322B, and a fourth butterfly screw L5, where the telescopic rod 321 can adjust the vertical distance from the positioning plate 15 to the spinous process clamp 322, in this embodiment, the two clamping arms 322B of the spinous process clamp 322 are connected to the opening rod 322A through a link structure, the opening rod 322A and the fourth butterfly screw L5 form a screw-nut mechanism, when the fourth butterfly screw L5 rotates clockwise (as the direction D in fig. 7), the opening rod 322A is driven to move along a vertical downward direction (as the direction E in fig. 7), so that the two clamping arms 322B are opened, and when the fourth butterfly screw L5 rotates counterclockwise (as the opposite direction to the direction D in fig. 7), the opening rod 322A is driven to move along a vertical upward direction (as the opposite direction E in fig. 7), thereby causing the two clamp arms 322B to clamp.
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the installation of the measuring unit and the reference bar in the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 10, the measuring unit 40 is used for measuring the distance between the reference rod 20 and the spinous process of the C7 vertebral body, and includes a measuring ruler 41.
The measuring ruler 41 is mounted with its longitudinal direction perpendicular to the reference bar 20 and movably on the reference bar 20 so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the reference bar 20, with scale mark portions 411 and other portions 412, in this embodiment the measuring ruler 41 is mounted movably on the reference bar 20 by means of a saddle clamp, and the reference bar 20 is located in the middle of the measuring ruler 41. The saddle clip is made of a material which can be penetrated by X-ray.
The material of the scale mark portion 411 is an X-ray opaque material, and in this embodiment, the scale mark portion 411 is a scale mark evenly distributed along the length direction of the measuring ruler 41, and "0" of the scale mark portion is located at a position corresponding to the reference rod 20.
The other part 412 is made of an X-ray transparent material, and in this embodiment, the other part 412 is a part of the measurement ruler 41 other than the scale mark 411.
The operation of the apparatus 100 for evaluating the balance of the coronal plane of the spine in this embodiment includes an installation process and a measurement process:
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the mounting assembly of the spinal coronal balance evaluating apparatus in an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing the positioning of the positioning plate of the apparatus for evaluating the balance of coronal plane of spine in accordance with the exemplary embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 13 is a schematic top view of an installation procedure of a coronal balance assessment device in an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 14 is a perspective view schematically illustrating an installation process of the spinal coronal plane balance evaluating apparatus in an embodiment of the present invention.
The following describes the installation process of the coronal balance evaluating apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment with reference to fig. 11 to 14:
first, the subject is kept in a prone position, either spine of the subject is exposed through a surgical incision as a fixed spine F, a spinous process of the fixed spine F is used as a fixed spinous process F1, the fixed spinous process F1 is clamped using a spinous process clamp 322, the telescopic rod 321 is vertically arranged, and the length of the telescopic rod 321 is adjusted so that the connection block 324 is located at a height corresponding to the back of the subject. Then, one end of each of the two connecting rods 31 is inserted into the connecting block 324, the positioning plate 15 is mounted at the other end of each of the two connecting rods 31, the position of the positioning plate 15 is adjusted for the first time, so that the two positioning plates 15 are positioned right above the back corresponding to the two iliac spines of the person to be evaluated and are parallel to the back, after the completion, the connecting block 324 and the connecting clip L1 are fixed on the connecting rod 31 by the second butterfly screw L3 and the third butterfly screw L4, and the position of the connecting block 324 in the arc-shaped guide rail 3231 is fixed, then, the plate surface of the positioning plate 15 is vertically irradiated by an X-ray machine, the X-ray penetrates through the positioning holes 151 and the marks on the positioning plate 15, the X-ray perspective image is observed, the positioning holes 151 and the marks of the positioning plate 15 can be seen through, the rest parts are shown as shadows, and the positions of the positioning plates are adjusted for the second time, so that the upper edge points of the two iliac spines In the shadow, and the center of the matrix is used as the location point of the upper edge of the iliac crest. The upper iliac crest edge points shown in fig. 12 are located in the row marked with "D", the rows of the positioning holes 151 marked with "4" are spaced, the positioning plate 15 is fixed to the attaching clip L1 by the first butterfly screw L2 after completion, and finally, the mounting tooth 1 is inserted into the positioning holes 151, and the positioning plate mounting piece 14 is fixedly mounted on the positioning plate 15 through the lock recess of the tooth tip 1412, such that the upper iliac crest edge positioning points correspond to the center of the circle of the end face of the positioning plate mounting piece 14 near the back.
FIG. 15 is a schematic side view of a measurement procedure of a coronal balance assessment apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 16 is a schematic side view of the measurement process of the apparatus for evaluating coronal balance of a vertebral column according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The measurement process of the apparatus 100 for evaluating the balance of the coronal plane of the spine in the present embodiment is described below with reference to fig. 15 to 16:
first, the measurement ruler 41 is mounted on the reference rod 20 and slid in the longitudinal direction of the reference rod 20 to the position right above the spinous process of C7 of the person to be evaluated, then the surface of the measurement ruler 41 is vertically measured straight by an X-ray machine, the X-ray is transmitted through the scale line portion 411, the X-ray perspective image is observed, the scale line portion 411 is displayed as a shadow, and the other portions 412 can be seen through, in the perspective image: the distance length from the C7 spinous process to the scale "0", that is, the distance length from the C7 spinous process to the reference rod 20 is read from the measurement ruler 41, and if the distance length is greater than a predetermined distance, it is determined that the subject is lateral bending, otherwise, it is determined that the subject is not lateral bending, and in this embodiment, the predetermined distance is 20 mm.
Effects and effects of the embodiments
The apparatus for evaluating balance of coronal plane of spine according to the present embodiment comprises a reference rod, two positioning rods and a measuring unit, wherein the measuring unit is used for measuring the distance between the reference rod and spinous process of C7 vertebral body, because one end of each positioning rod is hinged with the reference rod at the same hinge point to form a positioning included angle, the other end of each positioning rod is arranged at the back of the human body and respectively corresponds to the upper edge points of the two iliac ridges, and the reference rods are superposed with the angular bisector of the positioning included angle, thereby the reference rod is superposed with the perpendicular bisector of the connecting line of the upper edge points of the two iliac spines of the human body, the connecting line of the upper edge points of the two iliac spines of the human body is the connecting line of the anterior superior iliac spines, therefore, the apparatus for evaluating the balance of the coronal plane of the spine of the present embodiment can always stably measure the distance between the perpendicular bisector of the connecting line of the anterior superior iliac spine and the spinous process of the C7 vertebral body, and the balance state of the coronal plane of the spine is effectively evaluated by stabilizing the measurement result through the self-contained measurement unit.
Because the positioning unit in this embodiment still contains movable block and two bracing pieces, the both ends of bracing piece are articulated with movable block and locating lever respectively, and the pin joint of bracing piece and locating lever is the same to the pin joint distance of locating lever and benchmark pole, and all, at the removal in-process of movable block, the angular bisector of benchmark pole and location contained angle coincides all the time to make the benchmark pole coincide all the time with the perpendicular bisector of the anterior superior iliac spine line.
Because the positioning unit of this embodiment still contains locating plate installed part and locating plate, the locating plate has a plurality of installation teeth, and the installation tooth inserts and installs in the locating hole, so, the locating plate installed part can be fixed the locating plate on different positions to can correspond the centre of a circle and the ilium top edge point of the terminal surface of locating plate installed part fast.
Because the material of the locating plate of this embodiment is X-ray impenetrable material and a plurality of locating hole is the matrix arrangement, so, when the locating plate is penetrated directly to X-ray, X-ray image formation region is the matrix that a plurality of small regions are constituteed, makes things convenient for the location to iliac crest top edge point more.
Because this embodiment still includes fixed unit, fixed unit contains connecting rod and fixed subassembly, and the connecting rod is installed on the locating plate, and fixed subassembly contains telescopic link and spinous process clamp, and the telescopic link is vertical to be installed on the spinous process clamp, can stretch out and draw back along vertical direction, so, can adjust the vertical distance of locating plate to connecting block to conveniently set up the locating plate on the back of being evaluateed the person.
Because the fixed subassembly of this embodiment still contains universal dish and two connecting blocks, the universal dish has the arc guide rail, and the connecting block cooperatees with the arc guide rail, can carry out the arc along the arc guide rail and remove. Therefore, when the relative position of the connecting rod is changed, the connecting block can be flexibly changed, so that the positioning unit can be flexibly adjusted to position the upper iliac edge point of the evaluated person when the fixing component is fixed.
Because the measuring ruler in the embodiment is provided with the scale line part and other parts, the material of the scale line part is X-ray opaque material, and the other parts are X-ray transparent material, when the X-ray is directly irradiated to the measuring ruler, the scale line part is shown as a shadow scale line in a perspective image, so that the distance between the perpendicular bisector of the anterior superior iliac spine connecting line and the spinous process of the vertebral body C7 can be conveniently measured and read.
The above-described embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art without inventive work within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
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