CN110575816B - 一种高吸附、高耐受重金属铅的植物乳杆菌yw11 - Google Patents
一种高吸附、高耐受重金属铅的植物乳杆菌yw11 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高吸附、高耐受重金属铅的植物乳杆菌YW11。本发明提供了植物乳杆菌YW11在吸附重金属铅中的应用。植物乳杆菌YW11在铅离子的吸附率高达99.9%,与其他乳酸菌相比,具有很强的铅吸附优势。同时,植物乳杆菌YW11对铅也具有极耐受性。本发明对减少重金属污染,保障环境安全、食品安全和人体健康具有重要意义。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种高吸附、高耐受重金属铅的植物乳杆菌YW11。
背景技术
20世纪以来,随着经济的发展,人民生活水平不断提高,但是重金属污染也在不断加剧。重金属在自然环境中很难被降解或转化,使农作物、水产品、果蔬等生物体内积累了大量重金属,通过食物链进行生物富集,最终对人体健康造成严重危害。目前,重金属污染的清除手段主要包括物理沉积法、化学方法和生物吸附方法。而物理、化学修复方法因其投入成本高,会引入新的化学成分,增加二次污染等缺点,很大程度上限制了它们的实际应用价值。生物方法中的微生物吸附具有高效无毒、环保经济、无二次污染等优点,逐渐成为清除重金属污染的研究热点。乳酸菌因为具有多种生理功能,并且是人及动物肠道内的优势菌群和安全的食品级微生物,所以广泛应用于食品加工、微生态制剂、医药开发等领域。研究表明,乳酸菌可通过菌体表面吸附及体内蓄积等方式有效清除介质中的重金属,其作为安全高效的重金属生物清除剂具有较高的研究与应用价值。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种高吸附、高耐受重金属铅的植物乳杆菌YW11。
本发明首先保护植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)YW11或其培养产物在吸附铅中的应用。
本发明还保护植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)YW11或其培养产物在制备铅吸附剂中的应用。
本发明还保护一种铅吸附剂,活性成分为植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillusplantarum)YW11或其培养产物。
本发明还保护植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)YW11或其培养产物在制备产品中的应用;所述产品的用途为缓解铅毒性。
本发明还保护一种产品,其活性成分为植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)YW11或其培养产物;所述产品的用途为缓解铅毒性。
本发明还保护一种减少样本中铅含量的方法,包括如下步骤:将植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)YW11接种于所述样本中培养,使其吸附所述样本中的铅,达到减少样本中铅含量的目的。
以上任一所述铅为铅离子。
以上任一所述的植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)YW11记载于文献:JianZhang,XiaoZhao,Yunyun Jiang,Wen Zhao,Ting Guo,Yongqiang Cao,Junwei Teng,Xiaona Hao,Juan Zhao,Zhennai Yang.Antioxidant status and gut microbiotachange in an aging mouse model as influenced by exopolysaccharide produced byLactobacillus plantarum YW11 isolated from Tibetan kefir.Journal of DairyScience,2017,100(8):6025-6041.;公众可以从北京工商大学获得。
以上任一所述植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)YW11的培养物包括植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)YW11的培养体系或植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillusplantarum)YW11培养体系离心后得到的菌体。
本发明提供了植物乳杆菌YW11在吸附重金属铅中的应用。植物乳杆菌YW11在铅离子的吸附率高达99.9%,与其他乳酸菌相比,具有很强的铅吸附优势。同时,植物乳杆菌YW11对铅也具有极耐受性。本发明对减少重金属污染,保障环境安全、食品安全和人体健康具有重要意义。
附图说明
图1为不同菌株对铅的吸附率统计结果。
图2为铅对不同菌株生长的影响的检测结果。
图3为植物乳杆菌YW11扫描电镜观察结果。
图4为植物乳杆菌YW11能谱扫描结果。
具体实施方式
以下的实施例便于更好地理解本发明,但并不限定本发明。下述实施例中的实验方法,如无特殊说明,均为常规方法。下述实施例中所用的试验材料,如无特殊说明,均为自常规生化试剂商店购买得到的。以下实施例中的定量试验,均设置三次重复实验,结果取平均值。
植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)YW11:记载于文献:Jian Zhang,XiaoZhao,Yunyun Jiang,Wen Zhao,Ting Guo,Yongqiang Cao,Junwei Teng,Xiaona Hao,JuanZhao,Zhennai Yang.Antioxidant status and gut microbiota change in an agingmouse model as influenced by exopolysaccharide produced by Lactobacillusplantarum YW11 isolated from Tibetan kefir.Journal of Dairy Science,2017,100(8):6025-6041.;公众可以从北京工商大学获得。植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)YW11简称植物乳杆菌YW11。
植物乳杆菌SKT109:记载于文献:Ji Wang,Xiaobin Fang,Tong Wu,Weihong Min,Zhennai Yang.Exopolysaccharide producing Lactobacillus plantarum SKT109 asadjunct culture in Cheddar cheese production.LWT-Food Science and Technology,2018,97:419-426.;公众可以从北京工商大学获得。
植物乳杆菌K25:记载于文献:Yunyun Jiang,Jian Zhang,Xiao Zhao,Wen Zhao,Zhijian Yu,Chao Chen,Zhennai Yang.Complete genome sequencing ofexopolysaccharide-producing Lactobacillus plantarum K25 provides geneticevidence for the probiotic functionality and cold endurance capacity of thestrain.Bioscience,Biotechnology,and Biochemistry,2018,82(7):1225-1233.;公众可以从北京工商大学获得。
植物乳杆菌YNF-5:记载于文献:曹永强,张健,余志坚,陈超,周梅,宗艳丽,杨贞耐,传统乳制品来源乳酸菌的发酵特性及其在酸奶中的应用。食品工业科技,2017,7(38):145-150.;公众可以从北京工商大学获得。
乳酸乳球菌YNK-1-1、乳酸乳球菌XZ16302、乳酸乳球菌XZ35305和乳酸乳球菌QH40-5均记载于书籍:张和平。《自然发酵乳制品中乳酸菌生物多样性》,科学出版社,2012。公众可以从北京工商大学获得。
实施例1、植物乳杆菌YW11对铅的吸附能力
待测菌株:4株植物乳杆菌(YW11、SKT109、K25和YNF-5)和4株乳酸乳球菌(YNK-1-1、XZ16302、XZ35305和QH40-5)。
1、将含有铅离子浓度1g/L的硝酸铅溶液稀释于超纯水中使铅离子浓度为20mg/L,得到铅溶液。同时用1g/L的标准铅离子水溶液配置0,2.5mg/L,5mg/L,10mg/L,20mg/L,40mg/L的标准品,用于检测标准曲线。
2、将待测菌株接种于液体MRS培养基中,37℃、200rpm培养18h进行活化。
3、将步骤2活化的菌液8000g离心20min收集菌体沉淀,将菌体沉淀用超纯水清洗2次,获得待测菌菌体沉淀。
4、称取步骤3得到的菌体沉淀0.6g溶解于步骤1制备的铅溶液中,37℃、200rpm培养,在不同时间点取样,通过ICP-MS测定(7700X,安捷伦,美国)溶液中铅离子浓度。通过以下公式计算吸附率,其中C0为吸附前溶液中铅离子浓度,Ce为吸附后溶液中铅离子浓度。
结果如图1所示。结果显示,植物乳杆菌对铅的吸附率大多在70%-99.9%之间,而乳球菌对铅的吸附率大多在60%-80%之间;乳球菌对铅吸附4h时有明显的解吸附现象,说明植物乳杆菌对铅的吸附力普遍高于乳球菌。在植物乳杆菌中,YW11的在0.5h吸附率已达到95.76%,在吸附1h时ICP/MS已检测不出溶液中的铅离子,吸附率达到99.9%。YW11对铅的吸附能力明显高于其他植物乳杆菌。
实施例2、植物乳杆菌YW11对铅的耐受性
待测菌株:4株植物乳杆菌(YW11、SKT109、K25和YNF-5)和4株乳酸乳球菌(YNK-1-1、XZ16302、XZ35305和QH40-5)。
1、将含有铅离子浓度5g/L的硝酸铅溶液用0.22μm孔径的滤膜过滤除菌后,加入到MRS固体培养基中,使铅离子在MRS固体培养基中的浓度达到100mg/L、500mg/L或1000mg/L。
2、乳酸菌对铅的耐受能力通过最小抑制浓度(minimum inhibitoryconcentrations,MIC)实验测定:乳酸菌在含有铅离子的培养基中完全不生长的铅最低浓度被认为是MIC。将活化后的待测菌株接种于步骤1制备的培养基中,37℃培养48h,平板计数确定菌株生长情况。同时设置将待测菌株接种于不含铅离子的MRS固体培养基进行培养的对照。
每个菌株均涂布3个平板作为生物学重复。
结果如表1所示。
表1
结果表明,4株乳球菌有2株对100mg/L的铅离子具有耐受性,4株植物乳杆菌中有3株对100mg/L的铅离子具有耐受性。其中,植物乳杆菌YW11对铅具有极耐受性,最小抑制浓度已经高于1000mg/L。
实施例3、铅对植物乳杆菌YW11生长的影响
1、将1g/L硝酸铅溶液用0.22μm孔径的滤膜过滤除菌后,加入到MRS液体培养基中,使铅离子在MRS液体培养基中的浓度达到50mg/L。
2、将50μl活化后的待测菌液接种于50ml步骤1制备的培养基中,37℃、200rpm培养48h,并在不同时间点用分光光度计侧待定OD600nm的吸光值,反映菌株生长状况。同时设置将待测菌株接种于不含铅离子的MRS液体培养基进行培养的对照。
结果如图2所示。图2中,横坐标是培养时间(h);纵坐标是OD600nm吸光值。
结果显示,铅离子对乳酸菌生长的对数期后期(或者稳定期前期)有不同程度的影响,而植物乳杆菌YW11受到的影响较小。
实施例4、植物乳杆菌YW11铅吸附扫描电镜观察及能谱扫描
1、将1g/L硝酸铅溶液用0.22μm孔径的滤膜过滤除菌后,加入到MRS液体培养基中,使铅离子在MRS液体培养基中的浓度达到100mg/L。
2、将植物乳杆菌YW11接种于步骤1制备的培养基中,37℃、200rpm培养20h,将培养体系离心收集菌体沉淀。将菌体沉淀用PBS缓冲液冲洗2次后用2.5%的戊二醛固定,4℃过夜。然后将样品从戊二醛中取出,进行50%,70%,100%的乙醇梯度脱水,其中50%,70%两个步骤中,各停留10min,100%乙醇的步骤中停留时间20min。最后进行冷冻干燥,喷金,进行扫描电镜观察和能谱扫描。同时设置采用不含铅离子的MRS液体培养基进行培养的对照。
植物乳杆菌YW11扫描电镜观察结果见图3。图3A和图3B为对照组,图3C和图3D为处理组。植物乳杆菌YW11能谱扫描结果见图4。图4A为对照组,图4B为处理组。
结果显示,处理组中的植物乳杆菌YW11表面聚集了大量的铅离子,说明YW11对铅有较强的吸附能力。相应的能谱扫描证实在植物乳杆菌YW11表面聚集了大量的铅离子。
Claims (6)
1.植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)YW11或其培养产物在吸附铅中的应用。
2.植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)YW11或其培养产物在制备铅吸附剂中的应用。
3.植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)YW11或其培养产物在制备产品中的应用;所述产品的用途为缓解铅毒性。
4.如权利要求1至3任一所述的应用,其特征在于:所述铅为铅离子。
5.一种减少样本中铅含量的方法,包括如下步骤:将植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)YW11接种于所述样本中培养,使其吸附所述样本中的铅,达到减少样本中铅含量的目的。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法,其特征在于:所述铅为铅离子。
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