CN110214870A - A kind of feed addictive and preparation method improving sow timing semen deposition effect - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a feed additive for improving the effect of timing insemination of sows and a preparation method thereof, which comprises the following components in terms of mass percentage: 0.3-0.5% stigmasterol, 0.3-0.6% β-sitosterol, and sitostanol 1-2.5%, polydatin crude extract 0.1-0.4%, quercetin 0.05-0.15%, resveratrol 0.3-0.8%, nitrogen-acetylcysteine 0.2-0.5%, lysozyme 0.01-0.1%, Tryptophan 0.08-0.15%, probiotics 0.3-0.5%, complex sugars 6-10%, complex fats 1-2%, and the rest of the carrier. The feed additive can promote the development of oocytes, regulate the secretion of reproductive hormones in sows, thereby effectively improving the quality of oocytes in sows, increasing the static estrus rate and embryonic development ability of sows, thereby improving the effect of timing insemination and production of sows. efficiency.

Description

A feed additive for improving the effect of timed insemination of sows and its preparation method

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of animal husbandry, and in particular relates to a feed additive for improving the effect of timing insemination of sows and a preparation method thereof.

Background technique

As we all know, the number of commercial pigs provided by each sow per year is called the production efficiency of sows. It has become an important indicator to measure the fertility of pig farms and sows. Improving the production efficiency of sows has become the work of pig farms. focus and core. The production efficiency of sows is affected by many factors such as breed, management, nutrition, and disease. Studies have shown that the timed insemination technology uses exogenous reproductive hormones according to the rules of the estrous cycle of sows, and synchronizes the sexual cycles of gilts and multiparous sows to synchronize follicle development and mating, and promote Estrus in sows, increased ovulation, which in turn increases litter size and sow productivity.

Adequate nutrition is the prerequisite for the normal growth and reproduction of sows. Unbalanced or lack of nutrition will lead to slow estrus, lack of estrus, decreased ovulation, and even reproductive disorders. Sow nutrition not only affects its own health, but also affects the quality of oocytes, which in turn affects the timing of insemination, and even affects fetal health and lactation performance. Nutritional factors can affect the reproductive performance of sows in two ways: on the one hand, they affect the secretion of LH and FSH through the hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis, thereby further affecting the growth and development of follicles; Proliferation, growth and differentiation play a role. Therefore, reasonable nutrition can affect the development of follicles, thereby affecting the quality and developmental ability of oocytes, and then affecting the effect of timing insemination and the production efficiency of sows.

Energy is the foundation and guarantee of life continuation, and all life activities of animals need energy. Most of the glucose is metabolized by the glycolytic pathway in the oocyte to produce ATP, while producing substrates that are readily utilized by the oocyte, such as pyruvate and lactate. Sufficient glucose is very important for oocyte metabolism, adding glucose can improve meiotic recovery, embryo cleavage ratio of morula and blastocyst. Porcine and cat oocytes matured in vivo utilize glucose more efficiently through glycolysis and PPP pathways than oocytes matured in vitro. In addition, oocyte maturation is associated with high glycolytic activity, and high glycolytic activity is associated with high developmental capacity of oocytes. Therefore, providing sufficient glucose can improve oocyte quality. At the same time, the supply of complex sugars and complex fats can promote estrus after weaning and reduce negative energy balance, significantly increase the content of estrogen, LH and FSH in the serum of sows during estrus, and advance the estrus of sows. Fat is one of the important energy sources for animals, especially unsaturated fatty acids and glycerides. Studies have shown that both can accelerate cell nucleus maturation, relieve mitogen-activated protein kinase, and are beneficial to oocyte development and estrus initiation. Therefore, supplying complex sugars and complex fats to sows before and after weaning can reduce the loss of maternal body weight, which is conducive to the increase of hormone levels in the estrous cycle, thereby promoting follicle development and estrus rate, and then improving the effect of timing insemination in sows.

Oxygen free radicals (ROS) are the intermediate metabolites of O ₂ converted into H ₂ O in the redox reaction process of organisms. High concentration of daughter ROS is the main reason for the decline of oocyte and early embryo developmental ability. Inflammatory factors are one of the important reasons leading to early labor. Inflammation is accompanied by the whole process of labor and pregnancy. Various factors cause cell oxidative stress or death, and the release of alarmin and cytokines is caused by the recognition of related molecular patterns, resulting in various reaction. Maintaining the balance of the body's redox state and an appropriate inflammatory state is the premise and basis for sow reproduction. Parturition and lactation are the stages when the inflammatory reaction and redox state of sows are most likely to be out of balance. Supplying antioxidant substances and anti-inflammatory substances is an important measure to ensure the normal development of follicles, oocyte quality and normal estrus and conception of sows. An important guarantee for the effect of insemination. The feed additive of the present invention can remove excessive ROS in cells, improve the antioxidant capacity and immune capacity of the body, reduce inflammatory reactions, reduce cell apoptosis and regulate the expression of apoptosis-related genes, and improve the function of mitochondria, etc. Effects of timed insemination in pigs.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a feed additive for improving the effect of timing insemination of sows, so as to improve the quality of oocytes of sows, improve the static estrus rate and embryo development ability, and then improve the effect of timing insemination and production efficiency of sows .

In order to achieve the above-mentioned technical purpose, the present invention is specifically realized through the following technical solutions:

A feed additive for improving the effect of timed insemination of sows, comprising the following components by mass percentage: 0.3-0.5% stigmasterol, 0.3-0.6% β-sitosterol, 1-2.5% sitosterol, polydatin Crude extract 0.1-0.4%, quercetin 0.05-0.15%, resveratrol 0.3-0.8%, nitrogen-acetyl cysteamine 0.2-0.5%, lysozyme 0.01-0.1%, tryptophan 0.08-0.15% , 0.3-0.5% of probiotics, 6-10% of complex sugars, 1-2% of complex fats, and the balance of carriers.

The crude extract of polydatin in the feed additive is as follows: when the Polygonum cuspidatum medicinal material is crushed into a fine powder of 40 mesh to 80 mesh, then 20-40 mg/g of cellulase is added for enzymolysis, and water is added 2-3 times for enzymolysis. After 4-7 days, add 35-45% ethanol and 55-65% ethyl acetate as the extraction solvent for leaching, the extraction temperature is 55-65°C, the ratio of solid to liquid is 7-12mL:g, and the water bath is refluxed for 2 extractions , 2h for the first time, 1h for the second time. After the extraction is completed, the solvent is recovered and freeze-dried in a vacuum at a temperature of -55--60°C for 12-16 hours to obtain a crude polydatin extract.

The complex sugar in the feed additive includes 25-50% of glucose, 10-20% of fructose, 10-18% of dextrose and 6-12% of lactose in terms of mass percentage.

The compound fat in the feed additive includes 65-70% of glycerin, 8-10% of 1,2-propanediol and 16-22% of linseed oil in terms of mass percentage.

The carrier in the feed additive is corn starch.

The method of using the feed additive is as follows: the gilt starts 7 days before the scheduled insemination procedure, and the usage amount is 5-8% until the scheduled insemination ends; It is used every day, and the daily usage is 6-10%. The whole process is used from 2 days before weaning to the end of regular insemination, and the usage is 6-10%.

In another aspect of the present invention, the preparation method of the above-mentioned feed additive is provided, the complex sugar is mixed uniformly in advance, then the complex fat is mixed uniformly with the carrier, and stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, sitostanol, Polygonum cuspidatum are added in sequence Glycoside crude extract, quercetin, resveratrol, nitrogen-acetylcysteine, lysozyme, tryptophan, and probiotics are uniformly mixed step by step, and finally cornstarch is added and mixed evenly.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The composite additive for improving the effect of timed insemination of sows prepared by the invention has short addition time, quick effect, convenient use and low application cost; the product has high safety and has no toxic and side effects in long-term application. In the timed insemination of gilts and multiparous sows, it can promote the development of oocytes, regulate the secretion of reproductive hormones in sows, and effectively improve the quality of oocytes in sows, increase the rate of standing estrus and embryonic development in sows ability, thereby improving the effect of timed insemination and production efficiency of sows.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with specific embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

This embodiment specifically provides a method for preparing a feed additive for improving the effect of timed insemination of sows, comprising the following steps:

1) Extraction of polydatin crude extract: crush Polygonum cuspidatum into 40-80 mesh fine powder, then add 20-40 mg/g cellulase for enzymatic hydrolysis, add water 2-3 times, and carry out enzymatic hydrolysis for 4-7 day, adding 35-45% ethanol and 55-65% ethyl acetate as the extraction solvent for leaching, the extraction temperature is 55-65°C, the ratio of solid to liquid is 7-12mL:g, and the water bath is refluxed twice, the first The second time is 2h, and the second time is 1h. After the extraction is completed, the solvent is recovered and freeze-dried in a vacuum at a temperature of -55 to -60° C. for 12-16 hours.

2) Weighing 35-55% of glucose, 15-25% of fructose, 15-25% of dextrose and 6-12% of lactose according to the mass percentage, and fully stirring to obtain complex sugar.

3) Weighing 65-70% of glycerin, 8-10% of 1,2-propanediol, and 16-22% of linseed oil according to the mass percentage, and mixing thoroughly to obtain compound fat.

4) Weigh the following components according to mass percentage: stigmasterol 0.3-0.5%, β-sitosterol 0.3-0.6%, sitostanol 1-2.5%, polydatin crude extract 0.1-0.4%, quercetin Cortexin 0.05-0.15%, resveratrol 0.3-0.8%, nitrogen-acetyl cysteamine 0.2-0.5%, lysozyme 0.01-0.1%, tryptophan 0.08-0.15%, probiotics 0.3-0.5%, compound Sugar 6-10%, complex fat 1-2%, the rest of the carrier.

5) Mix the compound fat with cornstarch and corn cob powder, stir at 30-90rpm for 15 minutes, mix evenly, then add, continue to stir the complex sugar for 15 minutes to mix evenly, add stigmasterol and β-sitosterol in sequence , sitostanol, polydatin crude extract, quercetin, resveratrol, nitrogen-acetylcysteine, lysozyme, tryptophan, and probiotics were uniformly mixed step by step, and finally cornstarch was added and mixed evenly to prepare A feed additive for improving the effect of timed insemination of sows is obtained.

Example 2

In order to verify the application effect of the compound additive for improving the timed insemination effect of sows of the present invention, it has been fully applied in some pig farms such as Sichuan, Henan, and Guangxi.

A gilt feeding experiment was conducted in a large breeding pig farm in Qionglai City, Sichuan Province. Healthy gilts of approximately the same age and weight were selected. The experiment was divided into a control group and an experimental group, with 50 animals in each group. The control group was fed the basal diet, and the test group was fed the compound additive of the present invention to the basal diet of the gilts at a mass fraction of 5% to feed the sows. The 6 cows in the control group and the test group were fed from the 10th day after the end of the second estrous period until the end of the 19th day, and blood and slaughter samples were taken, and the ovaries were collected.

The results are shown in Table 1. As can be seen from the table, estrogen concentration in sow blood increases to 263pg/mL from 202pg/mL, LH secretion increases by nearly 50%, the number of large follicles increases by 8-22%, and the glucose level in the follicular fluid increases from 3.0mmol/L increased to 3.8-4.2mmol/L, and the level of triglyceride increased from 0.14mmol/L to 0.220.14mmol/L. Estrogen levels in follicular fluid are increased by about 55%.

Table 1 The present invention is to the effect table of follicular development of gilts (gilts, n=100)

The remaining test groups were fed from the 11th day after the end of the second estrous period until the end of mating in the whole timed insemination program. It was found that compared with the control group, the concentration of estradiol in gilts increased by 16-22%, the static estrus rate of sows increased by 7-12%, after timed insemination, the pregnancy rate increased by 10-18%, and the delivery rate 12-16% increase.

Table 2 The present invention is to the effect table of gilt breeding performance (gilts, n=100)

project control group test group Estrus rate (%) 83.25±4.56^a 90.48±5.23^b Static estrus rate (%) 56.27±6.15^a 74.25±6.88^b Pregnancy rate (%) 77.66±5.71^a 88.38±7.48^b Fertilization rate (%) 86.24±6.38 91.18±8.56 total litter size, n 13.07±2.55 14.93±2.62 live piglets, n 12.14±1.85^a 14.00±2.09^b Birth weight, kg 1.31±0.47 1.34±0.32 Delivery time, min 238±26^a 209±18^b

A compound additive for improving the effect of timing insemination of sows according to the present invention can increase the concentration of estradiol in serum and follicular fluid of gilts, increase the level of glucose and triglyceride in follicular fluid, and then increase the number of large follicles , After timed insemination, the standing estrus rate, pregnancy rate and farrowing rate of sows were all significantly improved.

Example 3

A large-scale breeding pig farm in Suining City, Sichuan Province conducted a feeding experiment on the effect of timed insemination of multiparous sows. A total of 300 multiparous sows with 2-4 litters were selected, which were healthy, with basically the same age and body weight. The experiment was divided into a control group and an experimental group 2, with 150 animals in each group. The control group was fed the basal diet, and the test group added the compound additive of the present invention to the basal diet to feed the sows, and used it for 6 days before and after delivery respectively, and the daily dosage was 6%; from 3 days before weaning to the end of regular insemination Used throughout the whole process, the added amount is 5%.

It was found that compared with the control group (Table 3), the antioxidant capacity of sows in the test group was enhanced, in which the ratio of GSH/GSSG was significantly increased by 15-22%, and the concentration of estradiol increased from 386.35pg/mL to 438.71pg/mL , inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1α, IL-1β decreased by 13.2%, 10.6%, 16.7%, and 13.8%, respectively. At the same time, the reproductive ability of sows has been greatly improved, as shown in Table 3. Among them, the standing estrus rate of sows has increased by 17.3%. After regular insemination, the pregnancy rate has increased by 8-15%, and the delivery rate has increased by 6-12%.

Table 3 The effect table of the present invention on sow reproductive performance (multiparous sows, n=300)

project control group test group 7-day estrus rate (%) 86.25±3.47^a 95.48±4.66^b Static estrus rate (%) 66.79±5.38^a 85.66±6.24^b Pregnancy rate (%) 88.33±5.71 95.26±6.39 Fertilization rate (%) 86.56±2.33^a 92.21±2.49^b Parturition rate of ginseng breeding sows (%) 84.72±3.02^a 89.25±1.88^b Litter size (head) 14.00±0.80 15.00±0.59 Number of piglets born alive (head) 12.68±0.73^a 14.02±1.26^b Average birth weight (Kg) 1.46±0.09 1.25±0.05

Show that: a kind of composite additive of the present invention improves the effect of timed insemination of sows, can reduce the inflammatory reaction of sows by increasing the concentration and antioxidant capacity of estradiol in sow serum, and improve the standing estrus rate of sows , pregnancy and delivery rates.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variants, the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. A feed additive for improving the timing insemination effect of sows, characterized in that it comprises the following components by mass percentage: stigmasterol 0.3-0.5%, β-sitosterol 0.3-0.6%, sitostanol 1 -2.5%, polydatin crude extract 0.1-0.4%, quercetin 0.05-0.15%, resveratrol 0.3-0.8%, nitrogen-acetyl cysteamine 0.2-0.5%, lysozyme 0.01-0.1%, color Amino acid 0.08-0.15%, probiotic 0.3-0.5%, complex sugar 6-10%, complex fat 1-2%, and the balance of carrier. 2. A feed additive for improving the effect of timing insemination of sows according to claim 1, characterized in that, the crude extract of polydatin in the feed additive is: crushing the Polygonum cuspidatum medicinal material, adding 20-40mg/ g cellulase enzymatic hydrolysis, add water 2-3 times, enzymatic hydrolysis for 4-7 days, add 35-45% ethanol and 55-65% ethyl acetate as extraction solvent, and carry out leaching, extraction temperature is 55-65 ° C, material The liquid ratio is 7-12mL/g, the solvent is recovered, and the crude polydatin extract is obtained by freeze-drying in vacuum. 3. a kind of feed additive that improves sow timing insemination effect according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described feed additive, complex sugar comprises: glucose 25-50%, fructose 10- 20%, dextrose 10-18%, lactose 6-12%. 4. A feed additive for improving the effect of timing insemination of sows according to claim 1, wherein the compound fat in the feed additive comprises: glycerol 65-70%, 1,2 - Propylene Glycol 8-10%, Linseed Oil 16-22%. 5. A feed additive for improving the effect of timing insemination of sows according to claim 1, wherein the carrier in the feed additive is cornstarch. 6. A feed additive for improving the effect of timed insemination of sows according to claim 1, characterized in that, the gilt starts 7 days before the timed insemination procedure, and until the end of the timed insemination, the dosage is 5- 8%; multiparous sows are used 3 days before and 3 days after farrowing, with a daily dosage of 6-10%, and 2 days before weaning to the end of regular insemination, with a dosage of 6-10%. 7. the preparation method of the described feed additive of claim 1 is characterized in that, compound sugar is mixed uniformly in advance, compound fat is mixed with carrier then, and add stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, sitostanol, The crude polydatin extract, quercetin, resveratrol, nitrogen-acetylcysteine, lysozyme, tryptophan, and probiotics were uniformly mixed step by step, and finally cornstarch was added and mixed evenly.