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CN1102037A - 用于固定骨髓钉的螺杆 - Google Patents

用于固定骨髓钉的螺杆 Download PDF

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CN1102037A
CN1102037A CN94190040A CN94190040A CN1102037A CN 1102037 A CN1102037 A CN 1102037A CN 94190040 A CN94190040 A CN 94190040A CN 94190040 A CN94190040 A CN 94190040A CN 1102037 A CN1102037 A CN 1102037A
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thread
screw rod
screw
head
threaded
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CN1042793C (zh
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迪特马尔·彭尼格
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
    • F16B23/00—Specially shaped nuts or heads of bolts or screws for rotations by a tool
    • F16B23/0084—Specially shaped nuts or heads of bolts or screws for rotations by a tool with a threaded engagement between the head of the bolt or screw and the tool
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
    • A61B17/8605—Heads, i.e. proximal ends projecting from bone
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
    • A61B17/8625—Shanks, i.e. parts contacting bone tissue
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
    • A61B17/84—Fasteners therefor or fasteners being internal fixation devices
    • A61B17/86—Pins or screws or threaded wires; nuts therefor
    • A61B17/8625—Shanks, i.e. parts contacting bone tissue
    • A61B17/863—Shanks, i.e. parts contacting bone tissue with thread interrupted or changing its form along shank, other than constant taper
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods
    • A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
    • A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws or setting implements
    • A61B17/88—Osteosynthesis instruments; Methods or means for implanting or extracting internal or external fixation devices
    • A61B17/8875—Screwdrivers, spanners or wrenches
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S606/00—Surgery
    • Y10S606/916—Tool for installing or removing orthopedic fastener

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Neurology (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Dowels (AREA)
  • Connection Of Plates (AREA)
  • Joining Of Building Structures In Genera (AREA)
  • Adornments (AREA)
  • Slide Fasteners, Snap Fasteners, And Hook Fasteners (AREA)
  • Clamps And Clips (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及的是一种用于固定骨髓钉的螺杆，其 中仅在螺杆长度的一段内制有外螺纹。螺纹头上也 带有一段外螺纹，其旋向与螺杆上的螺纹旋向相反。

Description

本发明涉及的是一种固定骨髓钉的螺杆，其上带有一个螺纹头和一个带有外螺纹的螺杆。
在EP    306    709    A2中已经公开了一种用螺杆固定骨髓钉的装置。其中，采用了在整个杆长度范围内均制有外螺纹的螺杆穿过骨髓钉。
在US    44    63    753中公开了一种仅在部分长度内制有外螺纹的螺杆，其中，该螺杆上的两螺纹段起到一个压缩螺杆的作用，其将两段因骨折而分开的骨头拉在一起。这两段相互有一定间隔的螺纹段的旋向是相同的，所以这种螺杆不能用来连接骨髓钉。
与此相反，本发明的目的在于是提供一种用于固定骨髓钉的螺杆，它可以用最简单的方式固定骨髓钉并且易于拆除。
本发明的任务是通过如下方案实现的：
（a）仅在螺杆长度上靠近螺纹头的一段内设置螺杆上的螺纹（4），
（b）螺纹头上制有内螺纹或带有十字切槽的螺纹头，
（c）螺纹头在其外周有一条外螺纹，其旋向与螺杆上的螺纹的旋向相反。
本发明的最佳实施方案还有：
螺纹头上的螺纹是从距螺纹头的自由端有一定距离处开始的，此处螺纹头的外径大至等于螺杆上的螺纹的螺纹内径。
在螺杆上的螺纹与螺纹头之间设置有一段无螺纹段。
螺杆上的螺纹的螺纹高度沿着指向螺杆上无螺纹段的方向逐渐减小。
换句话说，本发明提出一种螺杆，其上有一部分制有外螺纹，其中无螺纹区应该穿过骨髓钉，而螺杆上的螺纹段则固定在骨骼的外侧。
螺纹头制成内螺纹头形状或上面还带有十字切槽，于是，通过插入一个螺纹转动器可将该螺杆旋入骨骼中并由螺杆上的无螺纹段导入骨髓钉中。
在本发明的螺杆中，螺纹头的外侧设有一段外螺纹，其旋向与螺杆上的螺纹的旋向相反。这样，当需要取出螺杆时，在螺纹头的外侧安上一个带有内螺纹的螺纹扳手。通过沿着与旋紧螺杆时的转动方向相反的方向转动该扳手，可将螺杆从骨骼中旋出。
上述转动也可以通过一个内螺纹转动器完成。不过，在采用这种内螺纹转动器时不能对螺杆施加拉力，这样，要想将一个插入体内的螺杆从骨头中取出就不太容易了。
螺纹头的外螺纹不是从螺纹头的顶端开始的，而是稍微向后错开一点，由此在螺纹头区域内出现一段柱形凸起段，这样可易于安装带有内螺纹的螺纹转动器。
在螺纹头的底面与螺杆外螺纹之间有一段无螺纹区，其大小根据螺杆及螺杆插入的目的而设定。
以下将借助于附图进一步说明本发明。其中：
图1表示了一个新型螺杆；
图2表示了一个带有两个螺纹转动把手螺纹转动器的螺杆。
图中表示了一个螺杆1，其上有一个螺纹头2和一个螺杆3。螺纹3上最长的一段上没有螺纹，只有在靠近螺纹头2底部的那段上制有螺纹4。欲固定骨髓钉时，将螺杆上的螺纹拧入骨头的骨壁内。
螺纹头2上制有一个内螺纹头8，其上也可以带有一个十字切槽，以便当装配上一个螺纹转动件9时可旋紧螺杆。
在螺纹头的外周面上制有螺纹5，其旋向与螺杆上的螺纹4的旋向相反，所以在拧出带有相应的内螺纹的螺纹转动件10时，一旦轴肩11靠在螺纹头上则螺杆1即可开始朝着脱离病人骨头的方向反向转动。此时，也可对螺杆1同时施加一个相应的拉力，使螺杆1能够从骨头上松开。
如图中所示，在螺纹头上的螺纹5的上边缘与螺纹头2的顶面之间有一段无螺纹的柱面7，该柱面可使螺纹转动件10较容易地安到螺纹头上的螺纹5上，然后进入病人体内、也就是从外面看不到部位。
在螺纹头2的底面与螺杆上的螺纹4之间有一段无螺纹区段6，该区段的长度根据螺纹的尺寸及插入的目的而定。

Claims (4)

1、一种用于固定骨髓钉的螺杆(1)，其上带有一个螺纹头(2)和一个带有外螺纹(4)的螺杆(3)，其特征在于，
(a)仅在螺杆(3)长度上靠近螺纹头(2)的一段内设置螺杆上的螺纹(4)，
(b)螺纹头(2)上制有内螺纹或带有十字切槽的螺纹头，
(c)螺纹头(2)在其外周有一条外螺纹(5)，其旋向与螺杆上的螺纹(4)的旋向相反。
2、如权利要求1所述的螺杆，其特征在于，螺纹头上的螺纹（5）是从距螺纹头（2）的自由端有一定距离处开始的，此处螺纹头（2）的外径大至等于螺杆上的螺纹（5）的螺纹内径。
3、如权利要求1或2所述的螺杆，其特征在于，在螺杆上的螺纹（4）与螺纹头（（2）之间设置有一段无螺纹段（6）。
4、如上述权利要求之一所述的螺杆，其特征在于，螺杆上的螺纹（4）的螺纹高度沿着指向螺杆（3）上无螺纹段的方向逐渐减小。
CN94190040A 1993-03-11 1994-03-01 用于固定骨髓钉的螺杆 Expired - Lifetime CN1042793C (zh)

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DE4307633A DE4307633C1 (de) 1993-03-11 1993-03-11 Schraube zum Festlegen eines Markraumnagels
DEP4307633.5 1993-03-11

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CN1102037A true CN1102037A (zh) 1995-04-26
CN1042793C CN1042793C (zh) 1999-04-07

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EP (1) EP0639955B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2553323B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR0167627B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1042793C (zh)
AT (1) ATE137949T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU668657B2 (zh)
CA (1) CA2116918C (zh)
DE (2) DE4307633C1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2088319T3 (zh)
NO (1) NO179535C (zh)
TR (1) TR27714A (zh)
TW (1) TW288969B (zh)
WO (1) WO1994020039A1 (zh)
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TW288969B (zh) 1996-10-21
DE59400279D1 (de) 1996-06-20
ATE137949T1 (de) 1996-06-15
CA2116918A1 (en) 1994-09-12
AU7346094A (en) 1994-09-26
EP0639955A1 (de) 1995-03-01
ES2088319T3 (es) 1996-08-01
JP2553323B2 (ja) 1996-11-13
EP0639955B1 (de) 1996-05-15
CN1042793C (zh) 1999-04-07
TR27714A (tr) 1995-06-22
KR0167627B1 (ko) 1999-01-15
AU668657B2 (en) 1996-05-09
JPH07505567A (ja) 1995-06-22
NO179535B (no) 1996-07-15
US5375956A (en) 1994-12-27
DE4307633C1 (de) 1994-05-19
NO943306D0 (no) 1994-09-07
NO179535C (no) 1996-10-23
KR950701504A (ko) 1995-04-28
NO943306L (no) 1994-09-15
WO1994020039A1 (de) 1994-09-15
CA2116918C (en) 2004-02-17
ZA941669B (en) 1994-10-12

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