Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a dry granulating machine, which solves the problem of uneven stress of a granulating press roller in the pressing process in the related technology.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
A dry granulator, includes box, pelletization room, still includes:
the conveying screw is rotatably arranged in the box body and used for conveying raw materials to the granulating chamber, and the granulating chamber is positioned below the conveying screw;
The compression roller is rotatably arranged in the granulating chamber and is provided with a tabletting space for pressing raw materials;
the support plate is arranged in the granulating chamber and is positioned above the tabletting space, and the support plate is provided with a material passing hole which is communicated with the tabletting space;
the pre-pressing plates are arranged in the supporting plate in a sliding mode, the pre-pressing plates are close to each other or far away from each other after sliding, a pre-pressing space is formed between the pre-pressing plates, and the pre-pressing space is communicated with the material passing holes.
As a further technical scheme, the method further comprises:
The first guide plate is rotatably arranged on the granulating chamber and positioned above the supporting plate, and is used for guiding the raw materials to the pre-pressing space;
one end of the support column is arranged on the first guide plate in a sliding manner, the support column is close to or far away from the rotation axis of the first guide plate after sliding, the other end of the support column is arranged on the support plate in a lifting manner, and the support column is used for supporting the first guide plate;
And the two ends of the first elastic piece are respectively arranged on the supporting plate and the supporting column, and the first elastic piece is used for providing lifting force of the supporting column.
As a further technical solution, the pre-pressing plate has a chute, and further includes:
The baffle is arranged in the chute in a sliding way, the baffle and the chute slide in a sealing way, and the baffle is close to or far away from the first guide plate after sliding;
The second elastic piece is located in the sliding groove, two ends of the second elastic piece are respectively arranged on the baffle plate and the pre-pressing plate, and the second elastic piece is used for providing force for abutting the baffle plate with the bottom of the first guide plate.
As a further technical scheme, the method further comprises:
the second guide plate is obliquely arranged in the granulating chamber and is positioned below the press roller;
And the crusher is rotationally arranged in the granulating chamber and positioned below the lower end of the second guide plate, and is used for crushing the raw materials falling down from the second guide plate.
As a further technical scheme, the lower end of the second guide plate is provided with a plurality of avoidance grooves, the crusher is provided with a plurality of crushing teeth, and after the crusher rotates, the avoidance grooves are used for the crushing teeth to pass through.
As a further technical scheme, the method further comprises:
the first screen is arranged in the box body and positioned below the granulating chamber, and is used for receiving the raw materials crushed by the crusher, and the diameter of the screen holes of the first screen is the same as the diameter of the finished product particles;
The second screen cloth, the slope sets up in the box, the second screen cloth is located first screen cloth below, the sieve mesh diameter of second screen cloth is less than the diameter of finished product granule.
As a further technical scheme, the first screen cloth has first end and second end, the cross-sectional shape of first end and second end is the U-shaped, first end is located pelletization room below still includes:
the whole grain roller is rotatably arranged in the box body, a gap is reserved between the whole grain roller and the upper surface of the first screen, and the gap is used for passing finished particles or powder smaller than the finished particles.
As a further technical solution, the first end is higher than the second end.
As a further technical scheme, the finishing roller is obliquely arranged relative to the first screen, the gap gradually decreases from the first end to the second end, and the minimum value of the gap is equal to the size of finished product particles.
As a further technical scheme, the box body is provided with a finished product outlet and a powder outlet, wherein the finished product outlet is positioned at the lower end of the second screen, and the powder outlet is positioned at the bottom of the second screen.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
In the invention, raw materials are poured into a feed hopper, the raw materials flow into a feed cylinder, a screw drive motor is started to drive a conveying screw to rotate, the conveying screw conveys the raw materials to the position above a granulating chamber by means of a packing auger, and the raw materials can fall into the granulating chamber under the action of gravity above the granulating chamber. Raw materials pass through pre-compaction space, passing hole and preforming space in proper order, and when the raw materials pass through pre-compaction space, the pre-compaction plate that slides intermittently carries out the precompaction to the raw materials. When two pre-compaction plates slide mutually and are close to each other, the raw materials in the pre-compaction space can be pre-compacted, the two pre-compaction plates slide mutually and are far away from each other, the raw materials in the pre-compaction space can be loosened, and the raw materials enter the tabletting space through the material passing holes to be tabletted.
Through separating conveying screw and pelletization room, avoid vibration and heat influence, ensure pelletization stability and material quality. The prepressing plate not only can prepress the raw materials, reduces scattering of raw materials, promotes the homogeneity and the stability of compression roller preforming, and the pressure that the prepressing plate produced can promote the raw materials to the preforming space of compression roller in addition and remove, promotes preforming efficiency.
Drawings
The above features, technical features, advantages and implementation of the present invention will be further described in the following description of preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings in a clear and easily understood manner.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another angle structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of FIG. 2A according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of fig. 2B according to the present invention.
In the figure, 100, a box body, 200, a granulating chamber, 300, a conveying screw, 400, a compression roller, 410, a tabletting space, 500, a supporting plate, 510, a passing hole, 600, a pre-pressing plate, 610, a pre-pressing space, 710, a first guide plate, 720, a supporting column, 730, a first elastic piece, 620, a sliding groove, 630, a baffle, 640, a second elastic piece, 810, a second guide plate, 820, a crusher, 811, an avoidance groove, 821, crushing teeth, 910, a first screen, 920, a second screen, 911, a first end, 912, a second end, 930, a granulating roller, 931, a gap, 110, a finished product outlet, 120 and a powder outlet are shown.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following description will explain the specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is evident that the drawings in the following description are only examples of the invention, from which other drawings and other embodiments can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort.
For simplicity of the drawing, only the parts relevant to the invention are schematically shown in each drawing, and they do not represent the actual structure thereof as a product. In addition, in order to simplify the drawings and facilitate understanding, components having the same structure or function in some drawings are only schematically illustrated in one of them, or only one of them is labeled. Herein, "a" means not only "only this one" but also "more than one", and "a number" includes "two" and "two or more".
In this context, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "coupled," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, mechanically connected, electrically connected, directly connected, indirectly connected via an intervening medium, or communicate between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
In addition, in the description of the present application, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish between descriptions and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a dry granulator according to a first embodiment of the present invention is provided, which includes a case 100, a granulating chamber 200, and a conveyor screw 300, wherein the conveyor screw 300 is rotatably disposed in the case 100, the conveyor screw 300 is used for conveying raw materials to the granulating chamber 200, the granulating chamber 200 is disposed below the conveyor screw 300, a pressing roller 400 is rotatably disposed in the granulating chamber 200, the pressing roller 400 has a tabletting space 410, the tabletting space 410 is used for compacting raw materials, a supporting plate 500 is disposed in the granulating chamber 200, the supporting plate 500 is disposed above the tabletting space 410, the supporting plate 500 has a material passing hole 510, the material passing hole 510 is in communication with the tabletting space 410, the prepressing plates 600 have two prepressing plates 600, the two prepressing plates 600 are slidably disposed on the supporting plate 500, the two prepressing plates 600 are adjacent to each other or are apart from each other after being slid, a prepressing space 610 is formed between the two prepressing plates 600, and the space 610 is in communication with the material passing hole 510.
In this embodiment, the box 100 is used for supporting and accommodating various components, the granulating chamber 200 is located in the box 100, a feeding hopper is arranged at the top of the box 100, a feeding barrel is arranged at the bottom of the feeding hopper, and the tail end of the feeding barrel is connected with the granulating chamber 200. One end of the feeding cylinder, which is far away from the granulating chamber 200, is provided with a screw drive motor, the screw drive motor is used for driving the conveying screw 300 to rotate, and the other end of the conveying screw 300 is positioned above the granulating chamber 200. Above the press roll 400 is a support plate 500, and the pre-press plates 600 on the support plate 500 may pre-press the raw material to be passed through the material passing holes 510 by sliding close to each other, and then drop the raw material into the tabletting space 410 for tabletting. The platen and may be driven by linear drive means including, but not limited to, air cylinders, oil cylinders, electric cylinders, and the like. The number of the pressing rolls 400 may be two, and the rotation directions of the pressing rolls 400 are opposite, and the pressing rolls 400 form a pre-pressing space 610 therebetween.
In actual operation, raw materials are poured into the feed hopper, flow into the feed cylinder, the screw drive motor is started to drive the conveying screw 300 to rotate, the conveying screw 300 conveys the raw materials to the position above the granulating chamber 200 by means of the auger, and the raw materials can fall into the granulating chamber 200 under the action of gravity above the granulating chamber 200. Raw materials pass through the pre-pressing space 610, the material passing hole 510 and the tabletting space 410 in sequence, and when the raw materials pass through the pre-pressing space 610, the raw materials are pre-pressed by the intermittently sliding pre-pressing plate 600. When the two pre-pressing plates 600 slide close to each other, the raw materials in the pre-pressing space 610 can be pre-pressed, and the two pre-pressing plates 600 slide away from each other, so that the raw materials in the pre-pressing space 610 can be loosened, and the raw materials enter the tabletting space 410 through the material passing holes 510 for tabletting.
By separating the conveyor screw 300 from the pelletization chamber 200, vibration and heat effects are avoided, and pelletization stability and material quality are ensured. The pre-pressing plate 600 not only can pre-press the raw materials and reduce scattering of the raw materials and improve uniformity and stability of tabletting of the press roller 400, but also can promote the raw materials to move towards the tabletting space 410 of the press roller 400 by pressure generated by the pre-pressing plate 600 and improve tabletting efficiency.
Further, the granulator further comprises a first guide plate 710, the first guide plate 710 is rotatably arranged on the granulator 200, the first guide plate 710 is located above the support plate 500, the first guide plate 710 is used for guiding raw materials to the pre-pressing space 610, one end of the support column 720 is slidably arranged on the first guide plate 710, the support column 720 is close to or far away from the rotation axis of the first guide plate 710 after being slidably arranged, the other end of the support column 720 is arranged on the support plate 500 in a lifting mode, the support column 720 is used for supporting the first guide plate 710, two ends of the first elastic piece 730 are respectively arranged on the support plate 500 and the support column 720, and the first elastic piece 730 is used for providing lifting force for the support column 720.
In this embodiment, when the raw materials fall, the first guide plate 710 can flexibly adjust the angle under the action of the support column 720 and the first elastic member 730, so as to guide the raw materials to the pre-pressing space 610 more accurately, and improve the pre-pressing effect and the pelletization efficiency. And the first guide plate 710 can absorb energy when the raw material falls down through the first elastic member 730, thereby preventing the apparatus from being impacted. The first elastic member 730 may employ a spring member.
The first guide plate 710 is rotatably provided on the granulating chamber 200 at a position above the support plate 500. The first guide plate 710 may adjust the guide direction by rotating, so that the falling material at the conveyor screw 300 may precisely enter the pre-pressing space 610. One end of the support column 720 is slidably disposed on the first guide plate 710 to be close to or far from the rotation axis of the first guide plate 710 when sliding. The other end of the support column 720 is liftably disposed on the support plate 500, and the support column 720 can adapt to the rotation angle of the first guide plate 710 within a certain range through the degrees of freedom of the first guide plate 710 and the support plate 500, thereby playing a supporting role. The first elastic member 730 improves self-adjustment of the support column 720, and the support column 720 provides a supporting force to the first guide plate 710 through the first elastic member 730 when the first elastic member 730 is compressed to have an elastic potential energy equal to a gravitational potential energy of the raw material.
Further, the pre-pressing plate 600 has a chute 620, and further includes a baffle 630, the baffle 630 is slidably disposed in the chute 620, and the baffle 630 and the chute 620 are slidably sealed, and the baffle 630 is close to or far away from the first guide plate 710 after sliding, and the second elastic member 640 is disposed in the chute 620, two ends of the second elastic member 640 are disposed on the baffle 630 and the pre-pressing plate 600, respectively, and the second elastic member 640 is used for providing a force for abutting the baffle 630 with the bottom of the first guide plate 710.
In this embodiment, when the raw material passes through the first guide plate 710, the baffle 630 is tightly abutted against the bottom of the first guide plate 710 under the action of the second elastic member 640, so as to prevent the raw material from leaking from the gap between the pre-pressing plate 600 and the first guide plate 710, and the baffle 630 can slide in the chute 620 to adapt to different working states of the first guide plate 710 after being impacted by the raw material.
The sealing sliding design of the baffle 630 and the chute 620 effectively avoids raw material leakage, and improves the utilization rate of raw materials and the granulating precision. The second elastic member 640 ensures close contact of the barrier 630 with the first guide plate 710, enhancing sealability and stability of the device. The structure improves the reliability of the device and reduces production problems and quality fluctuation caused by raw material leakage.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 2 to 5, a second embodiment of the present invention is different from the first embodiment in that:
Further, the granulating apparatus further comprises a second guide plate 810, wherein the second guide plate 810 is obliquely arranged in the granulating chamber 200, the second guide plate 810 is positioned below the press roller 400, the crusher 820 is rotatably arranged in the granulating chamber 200, the crusher 820 is positioned below the lower end of the second guide plate 810, and the crusher 820 is used for crushing the raw materials falling down from the second guide plate 810.
In this embodiment, the sheet material pressed by the pressing roller 400 slides down the inclined second guide plate 810 to the crusher 820, and the crusher 820 crushes the sheet material to achieve a desired particle state. The inclined arrangement of the second guide plate 810 facilitates natural sliding of the raw materials, reducing power consumption and complexity of the apparatus. The crusher 820 is provided to crush the sheet raw material processed by the press roller 400 to disperse the sheet raw material into a desired particle size.
The crusher 820 may be crushed by using a conventional crushing roller, and will not be described in detail herein.
Further, the lower end of the second guide plate 810 has a plurality of avoidance grooves 811, the crusher 820 has a plurality of crushing teeth 821, and the avoidance grooves 811 are used for the crushing teeth 821 to pass through after the crusher 820 rotates.
In this embodiment, when the crusher 820 rotates to perform crushing operation, the crushing teeth 821 can smoothly pass through the avoidance groove 811, so that the sheet material is crushed by the shearing force generated between the crushing teeth 821 and the avoidance groove 811. The adoption of the form of avoiding the groove 811 can also ensure that the flaky raw material on the second guide plate 810 is in a state of being supported by the second guide plate 810 when being crushed by the crushing teeth 821, so that the flaky raw material is prevented from being crushed into excessive powder due to impact, and the working efficiency of the granulator is reduced.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a third embodiment of the present invention is different from the second embodiment in that:
Further, the granulating apparatus further comprises a first screen 910, wherein the first screen 910 is arranged in the box 100, the first screen 910 is positioned below the granulating chamber 200, the first screen 910 is used for receiving the raw materials crushed by the crusher 820, the diameter of the mesh of the first screen 910 is the same as that of the finished product particles, the second screen 920 is obliquely arranged in the box 100, the second screen 920 is positioned below the first screen 910, and the diameter of the mesh of the second screen 920 is smaller than that of the finished product particles.
In this embodiment, the crushed material from the crusher 820 falls onto the first screen 910 first, and the material conforming to the diameter of the finished product particles and the material smaller than the finished product particles pass through the first screen 910, and the material not conforming to the diameter of the finished product particles remains on the first screen 910 to be further processed. The material passing through the first screen 910 continues to drop down to the second screen 920, and material smaller than the diameter of the finished particle passes through the second screen 920, and more than that remains on the second screen 920.
By providing the first screen 910, materials conforming to the particle diameter of the finished product can be preliminarily screened out, and the consistency and quality of the product are improved. The inclined arrangement of the second screen 920 is beneficial to automatic sliding and classification of materials, and screening efficiency is improved. The first screen 910 and the second screen 920 cooperate to more accurately screen out materials of different specifications, thereby meeting different production requirements.
Further, the first screen 910 has a first end 911 and a second end 912, and the cross-sectional shapes of the first end 911 and the second end 912 are both U-shaped, and the first end 911 is located below the granulating chamber 200, and further includes a granulating roller 930, where the granulating roller 930 is rotatably disposed in the housing 100, and a gap 931 is provided between the granulating roller 930 and the upper surface of the first screen 910, and the gap 931 is used for passing the finished granules or the powder smaller than the finished granules.
In this embodiment, the first screen 910 with a U-shaped cross section may enable the crushed particles to fall onto the first screen 910, and then fall into the gap 931 between the sizing roller 930 and the upper surface of the first screen 910 under the action of gravity, and the larger particles are extruded through the gap 931 between the sizing roller 930 and the first screen 910, so that the larger particles change to the size of the finished particles, thereby improving the preparation efficiency of the finished particles of the granulator.
The size of the gap 931 is set to be not larger than the size of the finished particle, and the larger-sized particles can be treated without dropping the particles affecting the size of the finished particle.
Further, the first end 911 is higher in height than the second end 912.
In this embodiment, the particles crushed by the crushing roller fall to the first end 911 under the action of gravity, and the particles falling to the first end 911 can be made to approach the second end 912 under the action of gravity by the way that the height of the first end 911 is higher than that of the second end 912, so as to avoid the accumulation of the particles with the size at the first end 911, thereby affecting the screening efficiency of the first screen 910.
Further, the sizing roller 930 is disposed obliquely to the first screen 910, the gap 931 gradually decreases in the direction from the first end 911 to the second end 912, and the minimum value of the gap 931 is equal to the size of the finished product particles.
In this embodiment, the sizing roller 930 is obliquely disposed relative to the first screen 910, and the gaps 931 gradually decrease along the direction from the first end 911 to the second end 912, so that not only can the efficiency of the particles falling from the crushing roller and entering the gaps 931 be improved, but also the screening efficiency of the first screen 910 can be improved, and the particles falling from the crushing roller and partially conforming to the finished product size can be impacted into powder with the surface of the first screen 910 under the action of the rotating sizing roller 930, so as to further improve the granulating efficiency.
Further, the case 100 has a finished product outlet 110 and a powder outlet 120, the finished product outlet 110 being located at a lower end of the second screen 920, and the powder outlet 120 being located at a bottom of the second screen 920.
In this embodiment, the particles passing through the mesh holes of the first screen 910 are no larger than the product particles, the mesh holes of the second screen 920 are smaller than the size of the product particles, the product particles do not fall down from the mesh holes on the second screen 920, but slide to the lower end of the second screen 920 under the action of gravity, and the particles smaller than the size of the product particles fall down from the mesh holes of the second screen 920, so as to achieve the purpose of distinguishing the undersized particles.
In actual use, particles with different sizes can be collected from the lower part of the second screen 920 and the lower end of the second screen 920 through the collecting box, and particles with unsatisfactory sizes can be reused in a mode of being refilled into the feeding hopper again.
It should be further noted that the crushing roller and the granule shaping roller 930 in the present device may be driven by separate rotation driving devices, and also may be synchronously rotated by one rotation driving device and a transmission member.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered in the scope of the claims of the present invention.