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CN118816536B - Granular continuous semi-coke rotary kiln and battery negative electrode material preparation system - Google Patents

Granular continuous semi-coke rotary kiln and battery negative electrode material preparation system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN118816536B
CN118816536B CN202411312874.0A CN202411312874A CN118816536B CN 118816536 B CN118816536 B CN 118816536B CN 202411312874 A CN202411312874 A CN 202411312874A CN 118816536 B CN118816536 B CN 118816536B
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China
Prior art keywords
spiral
furnace
hearth
wall
rotary kiln
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
CN202411312874.0A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN118816536A (en
Inventor
程星
姚月霞
赵育华
张世杰
臧宇
王庆安
张国义
王海阳
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Suzhou Sinoma Design And Research Institute Of Non Metallic Minerals Industry Co ltd
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Suzhou Sinoma Design And Research Institute Of Non Metallic Minerals Industry Co ltd
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Priority to CN202411312874.0A priority Critical patent/CN118816536B/en
Publication of CN118816536A publication Critical patent/CN118816536A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/14—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge
    • F27B7/16—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being fixed relatively to the drum, e.g. composite means
    • F27B7/161—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being fixed relatively to the drum, e.g. composite means the means comprising projections jutting out from the wall
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
    • F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/06—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for rotary-drum furnaces
    • F27B7/22—Rotary drums; Supports therefor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for rotary-drum furnaces
    • F27B7/36—Arrangements of air or gas supply devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/20—Details, accessories or equipment specially adapted for rotary-drum furnaces
    • F27B7/42—Arrangement of controlling, monitoring, alarm or like devices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B7/00—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined
    • F27B7/14—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge
    • F27B7/16—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being fixed relatively to the drum, e.g. composite means
    • F27B7/161—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being fixed relatively to the drum, e.g. composite means the means comprising projections jutting out from the wall
    • F27B2007/165—Rotary-drum furnaces, i.e. horizontal or slightly inclined with means for agitating or moving the charge the means being fixed relatively to the drum, e.g. composite means the means comprising projections jutting out from the wall forming a helical lifting projection

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Muffle Furnaces And Rotary Kilns (AREA)

Abstract

本申请公开颗粒状连续式半焦回转窑及电池负极材料制备系统，颗粒状连续式半焦回转窑包括内螺旋炉筒，具有内炉膛，进料端、出料端分别转动连接至进料缓冲仓、出料组件；外炉筒，转动套设在内螺旋炉筒上并间隔形成外炉膛，外炉膛内设有燃烧嘴；内螺旋炉筒的内壁沿径向朝内炉膛凸伸形成有螺旋叶片，螺旋叶片延伸至进料端和出料端，螺旋叶片、内螺旋炉筒的内壁配合形成用于引导原料沿螺旋轨迹从进料端向出料端移动的螺旋槽；螺旋叶片上设有气流通道，气流通道的内端贯通至螺旋叶片的外表面，外端贯通至内螺旋炉筒的外壁；于内螺旋炉筒的径向上，原料厚度不大于气流通道的内端至内螺旋炉筒内壁的距离。本申请的热解气利用效率高，负极材料制备成本低。

The present application discloses a granular continuous semi-coke rotary kiln and a battery negative electrode material preparation system. The granular continuous semi-coke rotary kiln includes an inner spiral furnace drum, which has an inner furnace chamber, and the feed end and the discharge end are respectively connected to the feed buffer bin and the discharge assembly; an outer furnace drum, which is rotatably sleeved on the inner spiral furnace drum and spaced to form an outer furnace chamber, and a burner is arranged in the outer furnace chamber; the inner wall of the inner spiral furnace drum protrudes radially toward the inner furnace chamber to form a spiral blade, and the spiral blade extends to the feed end and the discharge end. The spiral blade and the inner wall of the inner spiral furnace drum cooperate to form a spiral groove for guiding the raw material to move from the feed end to the discharge end along a spiral trajectory; an airflow channel is provided on the spiral blade, and the inner end of the airflow channel penetrates to the outer surface of the spiral blade, and the outer end penetrates to the outer wall of the inner spiral furnace drum; in the radial direction of the inner spiral furnace drum, the raw material thickness is not greater than the distance from the inner end of the airflow channel to the inner wall of the inner spiral furnace drum. The pyrolysis gas utilization efficiency of the present application is high, and the cost of preparing negative electrode materials is low.

Description

Granular continuous semicoke rotary kiln and battery negative electrode material preparation system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of battery cathode material production, in particular to a granular continuous semicoke rotary kiln and a battery cathode material preparation system.
Background
The semicoke is a solid product obtained by carrying out low-temperature carbonization on peat, lignite, high-volatile bituminous coal and the like at 500-700 ℃. The main components of the material comprise carbon, ash and volatile matters, and the material is in various shapes, and is usually black powder, block, granule or honeycomb. The semicoke has good adsorption performance, can adsorb most atmospheric pollutants, is stable in high-temperature and high-pressure environments, and has high heat value and low ash content. It is widely applied to industries such as calcium carbide, ferroalloy, metallurgy, power plant, carbon adsorbent and the like.
In order to solve the problems of high raw material cost, complex process, high production energy consumption, semicoke value-added utilization and the like of the sodium ion battery anode material, a technology for preparing the battery anode material by using semicoke is developed. The technology prepares the semicoke into the high-performance lithium battery cathode by modification, so that the economic benefit of semicoke is improved, the pollution of waste materials to the environment is reduced, and the cost of the lithium ion battery is also reduced. The current research shows that the anode material prepared by semicoke can reach the performance index of the anode of the lithium ion battery through high-temperature graphitization treatment, the discharge capacity exceeds 300mAh/g, and the capacity is not attenuated after 300 times of circulation. The method has great benefits on environmental protection and resource utilization, and has certain cost advantages compared with the existing lithium battery anode material.
The existing process flow for preparing the anode material from the semicoke comprises the steps of crushing the semicoke into granular raw materials with the particle size of about 1 mm-10 mm, drying moisture in a drying furnace, entering a buffer bin through a raw material bin, and pushing the raw materials into an inner hearth of a rotary kiln by using a feeding screw device. The outer hearth is filled with natural gas, and the inner hearth wall is baked by a burner. Part of the pyrolysis gas generated in the inner hearth is used for a drying furnace, and the rest pyrolysis gas enters the incinerator to generate cracking heat after being dedusted by the dedusting device and then returns to the outer hearth to be calcined at high temperature or used as a heat source for other purposes. And finally, the collected tail gas is intensively treated. The calcined raw materials enter a cooler through a feeding screw device to be cooled, and the cooled products are packaged.
However, the preparation steps of the prior art still have disadvantages. Firstly, the raw materials are pushed into the hearth in the rotary kiln through the feeding screw device, so that the clamping easily occurs, the maintenance cost is increased, and the raw materials are possibly unevenly distributed in the conveying process. Such uneven distribution can lead to uneven reactions within the rotary kiln, affecting the quality and performance of the final product.
Secondly, in the rotary kiln, the semicoke raw material is heated and pyrolyzed to generate pyrolysis gas. Part of the pyrolysis gas is used for drying raw materials in the drying furnace, and the pyrolysis gas is treated by a dust removing device to remove dust particles. The treated pyrolysis gas is directed to an incinerator where it is further cracked to produce thermal energy. In the whole process flow, pyrolysis gas is treated through a plurality of steps and equipment, and each step can cause loss of heat energy or substances, so that the recycling efficiency of the pyrolysis gas is reduced. Meanwhile, the complex treatment equipment increases the treatment time of pyrolysis gas and increases the preparation cost of the anode material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a granular continuous semicoke rotary kiln and a battery cathode material preparation system, which are used for solving the problems that in the prior art, a feeding screw device is easy to cause blockage and uneven raw material distribution when pushing raw materials into a hearth of the rotary kiln, and the problems of low pyrolysis gas recycling efficiency and high cathode material preparation cost caused by complex pyrolysis gas treatment steps and more related devices.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
The utility model provides a granular continuous type semicoke rotary kiln, includes supporting component, feeding surge bin, ejection of compact subassembly and rotary drive subassembly, still includes:
The inner spiral furnace cylinder is rotationally arranged on the supporting component and is provided with an inner hearth, a feeding end of the inner spiral furnace cylinder is rotationally connected to the feeding buffer bin through a first dynamic sealing mechanism, a discharging end of the inner spiral furnace cylinder is rotationally connected to the discharging component through a second dynamic sealing mechanism, and the inner spiral furnace cylinder is configured to rotate around an axis under the driving of the rotary driving component;
The outer furnace cylinder is arranged on the supporting component, is sleeved on the outer side of the inner spiral furnace cylinder, is rotationally connected with the inner spiral furnace cylinder, forms an outer hearth with the inner spiral furnace cylinder at intervals, and is internally provided with a burner tip;
The inner wall of the inner spiral furnace cylinder protrudes towards the inner hearth along the radial direction to form spiral blades, the spiral blades extend to a feeding end and a discharging end along the axial direction of the inner spiral furnace cylinder, the spiral blades and the inner wall of the inner spiral furnace cylinder are matched to form a spiral groove, and the spiral groove is used for guiding raw materials to move along a spiral track from the feeding end to the discharging end;
the spiral blades are provided with air flow channels, the inner ends of the air flow channels penetrate through the outer surfaces of the spiral blades, and the outer ends of the air flow channels penetrate through the outer walls of the inner spiral furnace cylinder so as to be communicated with the inner hearth and the outer hearth;
the thickness of the raw material is not greater than the distance from the inner end of the air flow channel to the inner wall of the inner spiral furnace barrel in the radial direction of the inner spiral furnace barrel.
In certain embodiments, the helical blade is hollow, and the airflow channel is in communication with the interior cavity of the helical blade.
In certain embodiments, the helical blade comprises two side-turning walls arranged on the inner wall of the inner spiral furnace cylinder at intervals in the radial direction and a top wall connecting the top ends of the two side-turning walls, and the inner end of the air flow channel penetrates to the top wall.
In certain embodiments, the distance between the two side-turning walls decreases gradually from the inner wall of the inner spiral furnace towards the top wall.
In some embodiments, the air flow channel comprises a plurality of channel units which are equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner screw furnace barrel, and each channel unit comprises a plurality of through holes which are equidistantly arranged along the axial direction of the inner screw furnace barrel.
In some embodiments, the opening of the outer end of the through hole on the outer wall of the inner spiral furnace cylinder is a kidney-shaped hole, and the length direction of the kidney-shaped hole is arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner spiral furnace cylinder.
In some embodiments, a plurality of blower units are circumferentially equidistantly arranged on the outer wall of the inner screw furnace barrel, and the blower units are one-to-one arranged on one side of the channel units in the circumferential direction of the inner screw furnace barrel.
In some embodiments, each of the blower units includes a plurality of blower fins equidistantly arranged in an axial direction of the inner screw furnace cylinder, the blower fins being formed to protrude outward in a radial direction from an outer wall of the inner screw furnace cylinder;
in the axial direction of the inner spiral furnace cylinder, the air blasting fins gradually approach to the corresponding channel units from the middle part to the two ends, so that the air blasting fins are of arc-shaped structures which are bent towards the corresponding channel units, and gradually approach to the middle part from the inner spiral furnace cylinder to the outer furnace cylinder.
In some embodiments, a gap is formed in the middle of one end of the blasting fin, which is far away from the inner spiral furnace cylinder.
The application also provides a preparation system of the battery cathode material, which comprises the following steps:
The crushing mechanism is used for crushing the raw materials;
the drying mechanism is connected with the crushing mechanism and used for drying the crushed raw materials;
the raw material bin is connected with the drying mechanism and used for storing the dried raw materials;
As mentioned above, the feeding buffer bin of the granular continuous semicoke rotary kiln is connected with the raw material bin;
The cooling mechanism is connected with the discharging component of the granular continuous semicoke rotary kiln through a spiral material guiding mechanism;
The detection piece is used for detecting the air pressure of the outer hearth;
The water ring pump is communicated with the external hearth and the external heat utilization equipment and is started or stopped based on the detection result of the detection piece;
a hearth induced draft fan which is communicated with the outer hearth and the drying mechanism;
the natural gas induced draft fan is communicated with the outer hearth and a natural gas source;
And the tail gas treatment mechanism is respectively connected with the drying mechanism, the external heat equipment and the cooling mechanism.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, the application has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
(1) According to the granular continuous semicoke rotary kiln, the spiral blades are arranged in the inner spiral kiln cylinder, so that the function of shaftless feeding spiral is realized, and a feeding spiral device in the traditional process is replaced. This design simplifies the process and reduces the cost. The helical blade extends to the feeding end and the discharging end along the axial direction, so that raw materials always advance along the helical groove in the process of entering the spiral furnace cylinder in the discharge, and the clamping phenomenon is effectively prevented. Meanwhile, the structure of the spiral groove ensures that the raw materials are uniformly distributed in the inner hearth, and the raw materials are uniformly heated.
Through set up the air current passageway on helical blade, realized interior furnace and outer furnace's intercommunication. In the high-temperature operation process, semicoke can continuously produce a large amount of pyrolysis gas, and the pressure of the inner hearth can be higher than the pressure of the outer hearth all the time, so that the hot flue gas generated by natural gas combustion can not enter the inner hearth, and the pyrolysis gas generated by the inner hearth can be discharged into the outer hearth through the air flow channel. In addition, in the prior art, heat generated by the incinerator needs to be conveyed and recycled through a pipeline, and certain heat loss exists in the process. According to the application, the recycled pyrolysis gas is directly combusted in the outer hearth, so that the related cost of the incinerator is saved, and the recycling efficiency of the heat value is improved, thereby effectively reducing the use cost of fuel gas.
(2) According to the battery anode material preparation system, the granular continuous semicoke rotary kiln is adopted, so that the utilization efficiency of pyrolysis gas is improved, and the preparation cost is reduced. Meanwhile, the detection piece and the water ring pump are arranged to realize the real-time monitoring and adjustment of the air pressure of the external hearth. When the semicoke does not completely generate pyrolysis gas in the initial stage of combustion, the detecting piece can monitor the pressure change of the outer hearth, and the water ring pump is started to perform vacuumizing treatment when the pressure rise is detected. Therefore, hot flue gas generated by natural gas combustion can be effectively prevented from entering the inner hearth, and the pyrolysis gas can be ensured to smoothly enter the outer hearth, so that the pyrolysis gas utilization efficiency of the system is further improved, and the reliability of the system is also enhanced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a granular continuous semicoke rotary kiln according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an inner screw furnace barrel of the granular continuous semicoke rotary kiln according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the inner spiral furnace barrel shown in FIG. 2;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery anode material preparation system according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals
1-Inner spiral furnace cylinder, 2-outer furnace cylinder, 3-inner hearth, 4-outer hearth, 5-burner, 6-spiral blade, 61-side spiral wall, 62-top wall, 63-inner cavity, 7-spiral groove, 8-through hole, 81-waist-shaped hole, 82-round hole, 9-blasting fin, 91-notch, 10-first dynamic sealing mechanism, 20-second dynamic sealing mechanism, 30-supporting component, 40-feeding buffer bin, 50-discharging component, 100-crushing mechanism, 200-drying mechanism, 300-raw material bin, 400-spiral material guiding mechanism, 500-cooling mechanism, 600-water ring pump, 700-hearth induced draft fan, 800-natural gas induced draft fan, 900-tail gas treatment mechanism and A-external heat utilization equipment.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the present application, a technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present application, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present application.
It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and the claims of the present application and the above figures are used for distinguishing between similar objects and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used may be interchanged where appropriate in order to describe the embodiments of the application herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprises," "comprising," and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of steps or elements is not necessarily limited to those steps or elements expressly listed but may include other steps or elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
In the present application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal" and the like indicate an azimuth or a positional relationship based on that shown in the drawings. These terms are only used to better describe the present application and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of the indicated devices, elements or components to the particular orientations or to configure and operate in the particular orientations.
Also, some of the terms described above may be used to indicate other meanings in addition to orientation or positional relationships, for example, the term "upper" may also be used to indicate some sort of attachment or connection in some cases. The specific meaning of these terms in the present invention will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "configured," "provided," "connected," "coupled," and "sleeved" are to be construed broadly. For example, they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or of unitary construction, they may be mechanically or electrically connected, they may be directly connected, or they may be indirectly connected through intermediaries, or they may be in internal communication between two devices, elements or components. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present embodiment provides a granular continuous semicoke rotary kiln, which comprises a supporting component 30, a feeding buffer bin 40, a discharging component 50, a rotary driving component, an inner spiral furnace cylinder 1 and an outer furnace cylinder 2.
Wherein the feed surge bin 40 is used to smoothly supply raw materials, avoiding fluctuation or interruption in the feeding process, thereby ensuring continuous and stable production process. The discharge assembly 50 is used to discharge the treated feedstock from the inner screw furnace 1. The rotary driving assembly is used for driving the inner spiral furnace cylinder 1 to rotate around the axis, and can be a motor. The support assembly 30 is used to support the feed surge bin 40, the discharge assembly 50, the rotary drive assembly, the inner screw furnace shaft 1 and the outer furnace shaft 2. The feeding surge bin 40, the discharging assembly 50, the supporting assembly 30 and the rotary driving assembly are all of conventional structures, and the overall design is not changed, and details are omitted here.
Specifically, the inner screw furnace 1 is rotatably disposed on the support assembly 30 and has an inner hearth 3, the feed end of the inner screw furnace 1 is rotatably connected to the feed surge bin 40 by the first dynamic seal mechanism 10, and the discharge end is rotatably connected to the discharge assembly 50 by the second dynamic seal mechanism 20.
The outer furnace cylinder 2 is arranged on the supporting component 30, the outer furnace cylinder 2 is sleeved on the outer side of the inner spiral furnace cylinder 1 and is in rotary connection with the inner spiral furnace cylinder 1, an outer furnace chamber 4 is formed between the outer furnace cylinder 2 and the inner spiral furnace cylinder 1, and a burner tip 5 is arranged in the outer furnace chamber 4. The burner 5 is of conventional construction for igniting the fuel so as to produce a combustion reaction in the outer burner 4. Is of conventional construction and will not be described in detail herein.
In some embodiments, the first dynamic sealing mechanism 10 and the second dynamic sealing mechanism 20 each include a graphite packing, a labyrinth sleeve packing and two layers of fish scale sealing structures sleeved in sequence from inside to outside, and adopt nitrogen protection to ensure sealing effect, and are combinations of conventional structures, which are not described herein.
The inner wall of the inner spiral furnace cylinder 1 protrudes towards the inner hearth 3 along the radial direction to form a spiral blade 6, the spiral blade 6 extends to the feeding end and the discharging end along the axial direction of the inner spiral furnace cylinder 1, the spiral blade 6 and the inner wall of the inner spiral furnace cylinder 1 are matched to form a spiral groove 7, and the spiral groove 7 is used for guiding raw materials to move from the feeding end to the discharging end along a spiral track.
The spiral blade 6 is provided with an air flow channel, the inner end of the air flow channel is communicated with the outer surface of the spiral blade 6, and the outer end of the air flow channel is communicated with the outer wall of the inner spiral furnace barrel 1 so as to be communicated with the inner hearth 3 and the outer hearth 4. In the radial direction of the inner spiral furnace 1, the thickness of the raw material is not greater than the distance from the inner end of the air flow channel to the inner wall of the inner spiral furnace 1.
In some embodiments, the helical blade 6 is hollow, and the airflow passage communicates with the inner cavity 63 of the helical blade 6. The weight of the spiral blade 6 can be effectively reduced by arranging the spiral blade 6 in a hollow structure, and meanwhile, the distribution and flow efficiency of the pyrolysis gas are improved, and the resistance of the pyrolysis gas is reduced.
In detail, the screw blade 6 includes two side screw walls 61 arranged on the inner wall of the inner screw furnace 1 at intervals in the radial direction and a top wall 62 connecting the tips of the two side screw walls 61, and the inner end of the air flow passage penetrates to the top wall 62. The arrangement can effectively prevent raw materials from entering the airflow channel when the inner spiral furnace 1 rolls, so that the cleanness of the airflow channel and the stable flow of pyrolysis gas are maintained.
Specifically, the inner screw furnace 1 rotates and rubs during operation, causing the raw material to roll in the inner screw furnace 1 to move along a spiral trajectory. If the inner end of the gas flow path is close to the raw material rolling path, raw material may be caught in the gas flow path, affecting the smoothness of the pyrolysis gas and possibly causing clogging. By locating the inner end of the flow channel on the top wall 62, the feedstock must travel a longer distance to reach the flow channel. And then, the proper raw material filling rate is set based on the layout, so that the amount of the reactive raw materials is increased while the raw materials are prevented from entering the airflow channel, and the preparation efficiency is improved.
In some embodiments, the distance between the two side walls 61 decreases gradually from the inner wall of the inner screw furnace 1 towards the top wall 62. Such a design utilizes inclined side-spiral walls 61 to direct the material towards the central region of the spiral groove 7. Specifically, the inclination angle of the side spiral wall 61 promotes the raw material to move along the inner wall of the inner spiral furnace 1 while rolling in the inner spiral furnace 1 to ensure uniform distribution of the raw material, thereby improving the reaction or treatment effect. In addition, through the design, the flow path of the raw materials in the furnace cylinder becomes smoother, so that the raw materials are effectively prevented from directly contacting with the inner end of the airflow channel, and the risk of blockage is further reduced.
In certain embodiments, the gas flow channel comprises a number of channel units equally arranged along the circumference of the inner spiral furnace 1, each channel unit comprising a number of through holes 8 equally arranged along the axial direction of the inner spiral furnace 1. This design ensures a smooth flow of pyrolysis gases from the inner furnace 3 to the outer furnace 4 by evenly distributing the gas flow, thereby optimizing combustion efficiency and reuse efficiency. The method avoids the generation of local temperature difference and ensures the treatment effect and the treatment consistency of semicoke.
In some embodiments, the opening of the outer end of the through hole 8 on the outer wall of the inner screw furnace 1 is a kidney-shaped hole 81, and the length direction of the kidney-shaped hole 81 is arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner screw furnace 1. And the opening of the inner end of the through hole 8 on the top wall 62 is a circular hole 82.
In detail, when the inner spiral furnace 1 rotates, the pyrolysis gas can rotate along with the inner spiral furnace 1 in a tangential direction, and the opening of the outer end of the through hole 8 on the outer wall of the inner spiral furnace 1 is set as a waist-shaped hole 81, so that the pyrolysis gas can enter the outer hearth 4. The hole shape ensures the smooth flow of the pyrolysis gas and reduces the energy loss by enhancing the air flow guiding, reducing the turbulence and improving the guiding efficiency, thereby optimizing the utilization and the temperature balance of the pyrolysis gas and promoting the stable combustion process.
In some embodiments, a plurality of blower units are circumferentially equidistantly arranged on the outer wall of the inner screw furnace 1, and the blower units are one-to-one arranged on one side of the channel units in the circumferential direction of the inner screw furnace 1. The arrangement of the blast unit can effectively improve the mixing speed of the pyrolysis gas and the natural gas, and the mixed gas is uniformly distributed in the outer hearth 4, so that the heating effect on semicoke is improved. In addition, in the cooling stage, the blower unit can also enhance the heat dissipation effect, and by promoting the gas to be more uniformly distributed and improving the flow speed, the more uniform heat dissipation in the outer hearth 4 is realized.
In detail, each blower unit includes a plurality of blower fins 9 arranged equidistantly in the axial direction of the inner spiral furnace 1, and the blower fins 9 are formed to protrude outwardly in the radial direction from the outer wall of the inner spiral furnace 1.
In the axial direction of the inner spiral furnace 1, the air-blasting fins 9 gradually approach the corresponding channel units from the middle to the two ends, so that the air-blasting fins 9 are in an arc-shaped structure bent towards the corresponding channel units, and the two ends of the air-blasting fins 9 gradually approach the middle from the inner spiral furnace 1 to the outer furnace 2.
This design makes the structure of the blower fin 9 more stable. In addition, in the process of gas flow, the design can reduce mechanical stress caused by uneven gas flow and improve the durability and the stability of the blower unit. The curved structure of the blower fins 9 can promote the gas to obtain higher flow velocity in the flowing process, and further improve the mixing and heat dissipation effects. The design is helpful for enhancing the fluidity of the pyrolysis gas and the natural gas, and ensures that the gas in the hearth can effectively participate in the combustion or cooling process.
In some embodiments, a notch 91 is formed in the middle of one end of the fin 9 remote from the inner screw furnace 1. The resistance of the air flow passing through the blower fins 9 can be reduced, and the friction loss of the air flow passing through the blower fins 9 can be reduced.
Example 2
Referring to fig. 4, the present embodiment provides a battery anode material preparation system, which includes a crushing mechanism 100 for crushing raw materials, a drying mechanism 200 connected with the crushing mechanism 100 for drying the crushed raw materials, a raw material bin 300 connected with the drying mechanism 200 for storing the dried raw materials, a granular continuous semicoke rotary kiln connected with the raw material bin 300, a cooling mechanism 500 connected with the granular continuous semicoke rotary kiln through a spiral material guiding mechanism 400, a detecting member, a water ring pump 600, a hearth induced draft fan 700, a natural gas induced draft fan 800 and an exhaust gas treatment mechanism 900. Wherein, the crushing mechanism 100, the drying mechanism 200, the raw material bin 300, the spiral material guiding mechanism 400, the cooling mechanism 500, the natural gas induced draft fan 800 and the tail gas treatment mechanism 900 are conventional structures, and the overall design is not changed, and will not be described herein.
The granular continuous semicoke rotary kiln structure in this embodiment is the same as that in embodiment 1, and specifically, reference may be made to embodiment 1 described above, and details thereof will not be repeated here.
In detail, a feeding buffer bin 40 of the granular continuous semicoke rotary kiln is connected with a raw material bin 300, and a discharging assembly 50 is connected with a cooling mechanism 500 through a spiral material guiding mechanism 400. The natural gas induced draft fan 800 is communicated with the external hearth 4 and a natural gas source and is used for introducing natural gas into the external hearth 4. The hearth induced draft fan 700 is communicated with the outer hearth 4 and the drying mechanism 200 and is used for introducing high-temperature gas in the outer hearth 4 to the drying mechanism 200 for use.
The detecting element is used for detecting the air pressure of the outer hearth 4, and specifically, the detecting element is a vacuum gauge. Because the initial stage of burning, semicoke does not fully produce pyrolysis gas, in order to prevent the high temperature flue gas that natural gas burning produced from getting into interior furnace 3, install the vacuum table in outer furnace 4 to detect the vacuum degree of outer furnace 4, thereby avoid the condition emergence of high temperature flue gas backward flow to interior furnace 3, improve system reliability.
The water ring pump 600 communicates the external furnace 4 with the external heat using device a, and starts or stops based on the detection result of the detecting member. Therefore, when the pressure of the outer hearth 4 is increased, the outer hearth 4 is vacuumized, and high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion of natural gas in the outer hearth 4 is prevented from entering the inner hearth 3 through the airflow channel. Because the water ring pump 600 can be normally used in severe environments, and impurities in the gas pumped from the outer hearth 4 can be taken away by circulating water, so that generated pyrolysis gas can effectively enter the outer hearth 4, and the pyrolysis gas is burnt by the burner 5 of the outer hearth 4 to replace the combustion treatment of an incinerator in the traditional process, so that the recycling small efficiency of the pyrolysis gas is improved, and the process is simplified. In addition, the high-temperature gas pumped through the water ring pump 600 can flow to the external heat utilization device a, further improving the heat utilization rate.
It should be noted that the battery cathode material preparation system is provided with a controller, the controller is at least in signal connection with the detecting member and the water ring pump 600, and the controller can control the water ring pump 600 to start or stop according to the detection result of the detecting member. The controller can adopt a singlechip or a logic circuit to realize signal processing and control functions, and is a conventional technology. Indeed, the controller may also be in signal connection with other components to achieve automated control of the system, as is the prior art.
The exhaust gas treatment mechanism 900 is connected to the drying mechanism 200, the external heat device a, and the cooling mechanism 500, respectively.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, the application has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:
(1) According to the granular continuous semicoke rotary kiln, the spiral blades are arranged in the inner spiral kiln cylinder, so that the function of shaftless feeding spiral is realized, and a feeding spiral device in the traditional process is replaced. This design simplifies the process and reduces the cost. The helical blade extends to the feeding end and the discharging end along the axial direction, so that raw materials always advance along the helical groove in the process of entering the spiral furnace cylinder in the discharge, and the clamping phenomenon is effectively prevented. Meanwhile, the structure of the spiral groove ensures that the raw materials are uniformly distributed in the inner hearth, and the raw materials are uniformly heated.
Through set up the air current passageway on helical blade, realized interior furnace and outer furnace's intercommunication. In the high-temperature operation process, semicoke can continuously produce a large amount of pyrolysis gas, and the pressure of the inner hearth can be higher than the pressure of the outer hearth all the time, so that the hot flue gas generated by natural gas combustion can not enter the inner hearth, and the pyrolysis gas generated by the inner hearth can be discharged into the outer hearth through the air flow channel. In addition, in the prior art, heat generated by the incinerator needs to be conveyed and recycled through a pipeline, and certain heat loss exists in the process. According to the application, the recycled pyrolysis gas is directly combusted in the outer hearth, so that the related cost of the incinerator is saved, and the recycling efficiency of the heat value is improved, thereby effectively reducing the use cost of fuel gas.
(2) According to the battery anode material preparation system, the granular continuous semicoke rotary kiln is adopted, so that the utilization efficiency of pyrolysis gas is improved, and the preparation cost is reduced. Meanwhile, the detection piece and the water ring pump are arranged to realize the real-time monitoring and adjustment of the air pressure of the external hearth. When the semicoke does not completely generate pyrolysis gas in the initial stage of combustion, the detecting piece can monitor the pressure change of the outer hearth, and the water ring pump is started to perform vacuumizing treatment when the pressure rise is detected. Therefore, hot flue gas generated by natural gas combustion can be effectively prevented from entering the inner hearth, and the pyrolysis gas can be ensured to smoothly enter the outer hearth, so that the pyrolysis gas utilization efficiency of the system is further improved, and the reliability of the system is also enhanced.
Finally, it should be noted that the foregoing description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for some of the technical features thereof, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements or changes thereof may be made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a granular continuous type semicoke rotary kiln, includes supporting component, feeding surge bin, ejection of compact subassembly and rotary drive subassembly, its characterized in that still includes:
The inner spiral furnace cylinder is rotationally arranged on the supporting component and is provided with an inner hearth, a feeding end of the inner spiral furnace cylinder is rotationally connected to the feeding buffer bin through a first dynamic sealing mechanism, a discharging end of the inner spiral furnace cylinder is rotationally connected to the discharging component through a second dynamic sealing mechanism, and the inner spiral furnace cylinder is configured to rotate around an axis under the driving of the rotary driving component;
The outer furnace cylinder is arranged on the supporting component, is sleeved on the outer side of the inner spiral furnace cylinder, is rotationally connected with the inner spiral furnace cylinder, forms an outer hearth with the inner spiral furnace cylinder at intervals, and is internally provided with a burner tip;
The inner wall of the inner spiral furnace cylinder protrudes towards the inner hearth along the radial direction to form spiral blades, the spiral blades extend to a feeding end and a discharging end along the axial direction of the inner spiral furnace cylinder, the spiral blades and the inner wall of the inner spiral furnace cylinder are matched to form a spiral groove, and the spiral groove is used for guiding raw materials to move along a spiral track from the feeding end to the discharging end;
The spiral blade is provided with an air flow channel, the inner end of the air flow channel is communicated with the outer surface of the spiral blade, the outer end of the air flow channel is communicated with the outer wall of the inner spiral furnace cylinder so as to be communicated with the inner hearth and the outer hearth, the spiral blade is of a hollow structure, and the air flow channel is communicated with the inner cavity of the spiral blade;
The spiral blade comprises two side spiral walls and a top wall, wherein the two side spiral walls are radially arranged on the inner wall of the inner spiral furnace barrel at intervals, the top wall is connected with the top ends of the two side spiral walls, the inner end of the airflow channel penetrates through the top wall, and the distance between the two side spiral walls gradually decreases from the inner wall of the inner spiral furnace barrel to the top wall;
the air flow channel comprises a plurality of channel units which are equidistantly arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner spiral furnace barrel, and each channel unit comprises a plurality of through holes which are equidistantly arranged along the axial direction of the inner spiral furnace barrel;
the thickness of the raw material is not greater than the distance from the inner end of the air flow channel to the inner wall of the inner spiral furnace barrel in the radial direction of the inner spiral furnace barrel.
2. The granular continuous semicoke rotary kiln as claimed in claim 1 wherein the openings of the outer ends of the through holes on the outer wall of the inner screw furnace cylinder are kidney-shaped holes, and the length direction of the kidney-shaped holes is arranged along the circumferential direction of the inner screw furnace cylinder.
3. The granular continuous semicoke rotary kiln as claimed in claim 1 wherein a plurality of blower units are circumferentially equidistantly arranged on the outer wall of the inner screw shaft, the blower units being one-to-one arranged on one side of the channel units in the circumferential direction of the inner screw shaft.
4. A granular continuous semicoke rotary kiln as claimed in claim 3 wherein each said blower unit includes a plurality of blower fins equidistantly disposed in the axial direction of the inner screw furnace barrel, said blower fins projecting radially outwardly from the outer wall of the inner screw furnace barrel;
in the axial direction of the inner spiral furnace cylinder, the air blasting fins gradually approach to the corresponding channel units from the middle part to the two ends, so that the air blasting fins are of arc-shaped structures which are bent towards the corresponding channel units, and gradually approach to the middle part from the inner spiral furnace cylinder to the outer furnace cylinder.
5. The granular continuous semicoke rotary kiln as claimed in claim 4 wherein a gap is formed in the middle of one end of the blasting fins remote from the inner spiral kiln cylinder.
6. A battery negative electrode material preparation system, characterized by comprising:
The crushing mechanism is used for crushing the raw materials;
the drying mechanism is connected with the crushing mechanism and used for drying the crushed raw materials;
the raw material bin is connected with the drying mechanism and used for storing the dried raw materials;
The granular continuous semicoke rotary kiln as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 wherein a feed surge bin of the granular continuous semicoke rotary kiln is connected to the raw stock bin;
The cooling mechanism is connected with the discharging component of the granular continuous semicoke rotary kiln through a spiral material guiding mechanism;
The detection piece is used for detecting the air pressure of the outer hearth;
The water ring pump is communicated with the external hearth and the external heat utilization equipment and is started or stopped based on the detection result of the detection piece;
a hearth induced draft fan which is communicated with the outer hearth and the drying mechanism;
the natural gas induced draft fan is communicated with the outer hearth and a natural gas source;
And the tail gas treatment mechanism is respectively connected with the drying mechanism, the external heat equipment and the cooling mechanism.
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