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CN1181709A - 干粉吸入器输送系统 - Google Patents

干粉吸入器输送系统 Download PDF

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CN1181709A
CN1181709A CN96193350A CN96193350A CN1181709A CN 1181709 A CN1181709 A CN 1181709A CN 96193350 A CN96193350 A CN 96193350A CN 96193350 A CN96193350 A CN 96193350A CN 1181709 A CN1181709 A CN 1181709A
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blister
carrier
delivery system
tongue
dry powder
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R·F·艾西尔
A·卡梅伦
D·蒂茨列尔
L·波尔谢
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Dura Pharmaceuticals Inc
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Dura Pharmaceuticals Inc
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Publication of CN1181709A publication Critical patent/CN1181709A/zh
Priority claimed from US09/351,895 external-priority patent/US6328034B1/en
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    • A61M15/0028—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up
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    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0001—Details of inhalators; Constructional features thereof
    • A61M15/0005—Details of inhalators; Constructional features thereof with means for agitating the medicament
    • A61M15/0006—Details of inhalators; Constructional features thereof with means for agitating the medicament using rotating means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0001—Details of inhalators; Constructional features thereof
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    • A61M15/00—Inhalators
    • A61M15/0028—Inhalators using prepacked dosages, one for each application, e.g. capsules to be perforated or broken-up
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    • A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. ventilators; Tracheal tubes
    • A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
    • A61M2016/0015—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure inhalation detectors
    • A61M2016/0018—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure inhalation detectors electrical
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于药粉吸入器(20)粉末储存和输送系统,其具有一个带凸泡壳体(54)的承载盘(46),其中凸泡壳体(54)由剪切层(56)密封。在凸泡壳体(54)下面的剪切层(56)上附着有舌片(48)。承载盘(46)装在干粉吸入器(20)之内。用一个作动器(80)推向舌片(48),使剪切层(56)撕开,从而将粉状药品内含物(62)从凸泡中释放到干粉吸入器(20)中。盘状支承(130)具有易破裂凸泡(132)并由一个板(136)覆盖,其中易破裂凸泡(132)的易破凸泡壳体(132)被金属薄片盖(150)密封。作动器(160)向板(136)移动,使板(136)弯折,凸泡壳体(132)破损打开,将粉状药品(62)释放到干粉吸入器(20)中。

Description

干粉吸入器输送系统
发明背景
发明领域
本发明涉及一种用于粉状药品的干粉储存装置和系统。
各种混合干粉药品可以通过口或鼻直接吸入到肺中。吸入法使药品不通过消化系统且不需应用更多的药品导入技术，例如皮下注射等。直接吸入法在某些情况下使得吸入较小剂量的药即可达到口服同种药品的目的。在另一些情况下，吸入法可有助于避免不希望的副作用。
为了使粉状药品能直接吸入，各种干粉吸入器已被采用。这些干粉吸入器一般是将干粉从散装物储存器、胶囊或凸泡囊中输送由病人吸入。为了将粉状药品与周围环境隔离(目的是为了减少板结、减少污染等)，一般是将一定剂量的药粉独立密封，优选的是采用凸泡。然而，尽管各种凸泡干粉储存容器和输送装置已经被采用，但它们都存在不尽人意之处，例如为了与周围环境很好地隔离，凸泡必须足够坚固，但当病人使用时又必须能很可靠地将药粉释放出来。另外，为了使剂量准确，药粉必须从凸泡中有效地释放出来进入吸入装置而凸泡或容器材料一点也不得混在药粉中或不得随药粉飞出。吸入药品，例如治疗哮喘病的药品经常要使用，因而药品储存和运送材料和器械应该比较小巧、价格较低并且很容易生产和使用。
因此，本发明的目的是提供一种改进了的用于吸入器的干粉储存和输送系统。
发明概述
为了达到上述目的，干粉储存和输送装置最好包括一个具有径向间隔分布的盛有药粉的金属箔凸泡的盘。凸泡最好由在其下面的金属箔剪切层密封。在一个优选实施例中，剪切层接合在承载盘上。剪切舌片最好在每个凸泡的下部处与剪切层接合，同时舌片与盘之间留有一个缝隙。在优选使用中，用一个作动器推向舌片，从凸泡上剪切开或撕开剪切层，从而释放出凸泡内的干粉内含物。
凸泡也可以优选地由易碎的材料构成，在凸泡的大致中心位置上有刻痕线，因而当用作动器嵌入刻痕线时将使凸泡破裂打开，释放出凸泡内的干粉内含物。
附图简述
本发明的其它目的和特征将在下面结合附图的描述中体现出来。附图仅仅是为了举例说明的目的，不能限定本发明的范围。
在附图中，同样的元件在这几个视图中都用相同的符号来表示：
图1为一个干粉吸入器的透视图；
图1a为图1中吸入器推进旋钮的透视图；
图1b为图1中吸入器的平面图；
图1c为图1中吸入器的局部剖视示意图；
图2是具有外伸舌片的药品承载盘的透视图；
图3是具有内伸舌片的另一种药品承载盘的透视图；
图4是承载盘的另一个实施例，其中舌片包含于盘内；
图5为沿图2中5-5线所取的放大的局部剖视图；
图5A为其顶视图；
图5B为沿图5A中5B-5B线所取的分解图；
图5C为其底视图；
图6为其侧视图，此时凸泡尚未打开；
图7为其侧视图，此时凸泡刚被剪开；
图8为装在第一实施例的干粉吸入器内的图2所示的承载盘的截面图；
图9为装在第二实施例的干粉吸入器内的图2所示的盘状支承的截面图；
图10为另一种盘状支承的透视图，该支承在折板上具有带圆周向刻痕的凸泡；
图11为盘状支承的另一实施例，该支承在平板上具有带径向刻痕的凸泡；
图11a为图11所示盘状支承的仰视透视图；
图12为盘状支承的又一实施例，该支承在平板上具有带圆周向刻痕的凸泡；
图13为图10中沿13-13线所取的截面图；
图14为图13所示凸泡的侧视图，此时凸泡尚未打开；
图15为其侧视图，显示凸泡刚被打开的一瞬间；以及
图16为一个条状支承的透视图。
附图详述
现在来详细讨论附图。如图1所示，干粉吸入器20有一个管口22，在不使用时，管口22被一个帽24盖住。吸入器20顶端的旋钮26可以用于推进一定剂量的药通过管口22输送出来。参见图1、1b和1c，凸泡打开器械38包括一个位于摇臂40上的弹簧44上面的中心钮28。摇臂40有一个杆端42，该杆端42用来向上推动承载盘34的内伸舌片32以剪开或撕开凸泡36。
承载盘34和凸泡36还在图2-5中被显示。图2示出了具有外伸舌片48的承载盘46，外伸舌片48从位于盘状支承60上径向间隔分布的凸泡36处向外伸出。图3更好地显示了图1c所示的具有内伸舌片32的承载盘34。图4示出了承载盘的另一实施例，其中舌片包容在盘50的外廓之内。剪切销孔52贯穿盘50，在使用中，吸入器上的销子穿过孔52以推动包容在盘50内的舌片，从而剪开凸泡36。承载盘34、46和50均可以有一个指示/驱动凹槽72。
参见图5，图中示出了设有外伸舌片的承载盘，凸泡壳体54位于剪切层56之上。凸泡壳体54的周围最好沿其周边与剪切层56热封起来在图5和5a中用58表示。干粉62盛在凸泡壳体54和剪切层56之间。舌片48支承剪切层56，位于凸泡壳体54的下面。舌片48四周除铰合线68(如图7所示)处以外皆由缝隙64与盘状支承60隔开。铰合线68可选择地作为凹槽区域。同样地一个应力集中区70作为一个选择方案，可在盘状支承60上，缝隙64最内侧处，紧贴着凸泡壳体和剪切层连接处设置一尖点或锯齿印。应力集中区的存在有利于开始剪开/撕开剪切层的动作。
凸泡壳体54和剪切层56最好为金属的，例如铝、箔等。盘状支承60和舌片48最好为注塑或冲切塑料。如图5B和5C所示，剪切层56用粘接剂49附着在盘状支承60和舌片48上，且跨过缝隙64。
图6和图7示出了在吸入器内的盘状支承60的操作方法。如图6所示，盘状支承60靠在位于缝隙64内侧的支撑物84上。凸泡36位于导引壁86的上方。如图6和图7所示，作动器80象杠杆一样动作，推向舌片48，使剪切层56(该剪切层构成了凸泡36的底部)从凸泡壳体54上剪切撕开，从而打开了凸泡。盛在凸泡36内的粉末62从凸泡36和盘60内落下进入吸入器的斜槽内。舌片48绕着铰轴点68旋转。上述操作中热封58未受损，而凸泡36由于剪切层56被撕去而打开。
参见图8，干粉吸入器100有一个外壳102、一个管口104和一个位于混合腔室106内的叶片108。由电池112驱动的电机110带动叶片108旋转。当凸泡36被撕开(如图6和7所示)后，粉末从凸泡36中落入混合腔室106内与空气混合且可以被引出，从而被病人吸入。图9示出了另一个吸入器，该吸入器具有一个位于其中心的管口104。
图10-16示出的凸泡为被突然推开而非撕开或被剪开的。如图10所示，易破裂凸泡承载盘130在其斜折板136上具有多个易破裂凸泡132。板136和凸泡132上有圆周向的刻痕134。
图12示出了一个类似的实施例，只是板为水平设置在盘上而不是斜的。
图11示出了具有水平板144的另一个实施例，其中板144和凸泡上有径向的刻痕142。图11a更好地显示了有径向刻痕的平板144上的有径向刻痕的凸泡148。平板144和凸泡148的刻痕或强度削弱区最好位于每个凸泡148的中间部分。
如图13所示，易破裂凸泡承载盘130有一个易破凸泡壳体132，该易破凸泡壳体132在凸泡壳体的周围靠热封58与盖托150相连。盖托150本身又与板136连接在一起。凸泡壳体132在其中心部位有一个刻痕或强度削弱点134，相应地，板136有与凸泡壳体132的刻痕134对准的刻痕。
凸泡壳体132最好由脆性塑料或金属材料制成，盖托150最好用金属(例如铝箔)，而板136作为承载盘的中间部分最好用注塑或冲切硬度塑料制成。
在使用中，如图14和15所示，具有一定锲入角166的宽平刀刃形推杆或作动器160推向板136上的刻痕134，板136的侧边被支撑物164(吸入器的一部分)支撑。当作动器推入凸泡时，凸泡破损或爆裂打开，如图15所示释放出粉末62。
如图16所示，可以将图5和13所示的凸泡分布成板条形式而非分布成圆盘形式。
尽管已经示出和描述了一些实施例，很明显在不脱离本发明的精髓和保护范围的基础上还可以有多种改进。

Claims (20)

1、一种用于干粉吸入器的粉末储存和输送系统，其包括：
一个承载器；
一个位于承载器上的凸泡壳体；
一个附着在凸泡壳体的周边上的剪切层；以及
一个附着在剪切层上的舌片。
2、如权利要求1所述的系统，其中所述承载器为一个盘。
3、如权利要求1所述的系统，其中所述承载器为一个条片。
4、如权利要求1所述的系统，其中所述剪切层为金属薄片。
5、如权利要求1所述的系统，其中所述凸泡壳体为金属薄片。
6、如权利要求1所述的系统，其中所述剪切层附着在所述承载器和所述舌片上。
7、如权利要求1所述的系统，其中所述凸泡壳体延伸出承载器之外。
8、一种粉状药品储存和输送系统，其包括：
一个承载盘；
一个舌片；
一个剪切层，该剪切层附着在承载盘和舌片上并使承载盘和舌片相连；
一个凸泡，该凸泡附着在所述剪切层上，处于舌片之上。
9、如权利要求8所述的系统，其中一个缝隙将承载盘与舌片分离。
10、一种用于吸入器的干粉输送系统，其包括：
一个承载器；
一个承载器上的板；
一个凸泡壳体，该凸泡壳体的周边附着在板上；
一条位于凸泡壳体的中心部位的刻痕线；以及
在凸泡壳体内的一定剂量的粉状药品。
11、如权利要求10所述的系统，其中凸泡壳体由易破材料制成。
12、一种粉状药品储存和输送系统，其包括：
一个具有中心开口的圆环形承载盘；
多个剪切舌片，所述的多个剪切舌片从中心开口径向伸出，具有圆周向边缘的每个剪切舌片与承载盘之间隔以一个缝隙，并且每个剪切舌片沿其一侧与所述承载盘以一根铰合线相连接；
一层剪切层，该剪切层覆盖、附着并且连接着承载盘和舌片；以及
覆盖并附着在剪切层上的一个凸泡层，该凸泡层包括多个凸泡壳体，所述凸泡壳体使得在剪切层和凸泡壳体之间形成容纳粉末的空间，并且每个舌片上一般只形成一个凸泡壳体。
13、如权利要求12所述的粉状药品储存和输送系统，其还包括一个位于铰合线对侧的舌片周向边缘处的应力集中器。
14、如权利要求12所述的粉状药品储存和输送系统，其还包括使凸泡层与剪切层附着在一起的绕每个凸泡壳体的周边的热封。
15、如权利要求10所述的干粉输送系统，其中承载器有一个中心开口，并且刻痕线从中心开口处径向向外延伸。
16、如权利要求10所述的干粉输送系统，其中承载器为一个盘，并且刻痕线按大体上平行于盘的周向延伸。
17、如权利要求10所述的干粉输送系统，其中承载器为一个条片。
18、如权利要求10所述的干粉输送系统，其中所述板与所述盘是共面的。
19、如权利要求10所述的干粉输送系统，其还包括一根在所述板上的刻痕线，该刻痕线与凸泡壳体上的刻痕线对准。
20、如权利要求10所述的干粉输送系统，其还包括一个连接在板上的盖托，以及一个使凸泡壳体连接到盖托上的热封。
CN96193350A 1995-04-24 1996-03-13 干粉吸入器输送系统 Pending CN1181709A (zh)

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US08/428,960 US5622166A (en) 1995-04-24 1995-04-24 Dry powder inhaler delivery system
US08/428,960 1995-04-24
US09/351,895 US6328034B1 (en) 1996-07-22 1999-07-13 Dry powder inhaler

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