CN115817818B - An air conditioning system and its control method that can independently adjust multiple cabins - Google Patents
An air conditioning system and its control method that can independently adjust multiple cabinsInfo
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- CN115817818B CN115817818B CN202211439847.0A CN202211439847A CN115817818B CN 115817818 B CN115817818 B CN 115817818B CN 202211439847 A CN202211439847 A CN 202211439847A CN 115817818 B CN115817818 B CN 115817818B
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Abstract
本发明专利属于直升机环控系统，具体提出了一种可供多舱独立调节的空调系统及其控制方法，为每个座舱配置组成相同的空调模块，将来自发动机的高温引气、来自制冷单元的低温制冷剂和来自机外的新鲜空气作为输入统一分配，使得每个座舱均具备独立的空气调节和过滤能力。而且，使得系统具有良好的扩展能力，整体架构简洁、组成部件集中，可以大幅节约机上的空间和降低重量需求。
This invention patent pertains to helicopter environmental control systems, specifically proposing an air conditioning system and control method that allows for independent adjustment of multiple cabins. Each cabin is equipped with an identical air conditioning module, uniformly distributing high-temperature bleed air from the engine, low-temperature refrigerant from the refrigeration unit, and fresh air from outside the aircraft as inputs. This ensures that each cabin has independent air conditioning and filtration capabilities. Furthermore, the system exhibits excellent scalability, a simple overall architecture, and concentrated components, significantly saving onboard space and reducing weight requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a helicopter environmental control system, and particularly relates to a helicopter air conditioning system design.
Background
The invention relates to a helicopter air conditioning system architecture design, which meets the requirements of independent heating, refrigerating and ventilation of multiple cabins. The armed helicopter mainly adopts a tandem double-cabin design, such as Z10, apachi and the like, and various transport helicopters can separate the cockpit from the cabin. Different cabin sections are provided with different heat loads, and comfort evaluation of each person on the environment is different, so that in order to realize independent control of multiple cabins, the air conditioning system of the helicopter at home and abroad is often independently designed with heating, ventilating and refrigerating systems of each cabin, so that the problems of complex system, large occupied space on the helicopter, large weight cost and the like are caused, and the problems of insufficient dust prevention and toxicity prevention requirements are also considered.
In the prior art, patent CN201910981724.1 discloses a multi-cabin double-system type environment control system of a helicopter, in addition, patent CN201910981721.8 discloses a multi-cabin double-system type air conditioning system of the helicopter based on a compressor middle air supplementing technology, the heating efficiency is improved through the compressor middle air supplementing technology on the basis of the multi-cabin double-system type environment control system of the helicopter, the two patents both use the heat pump/refrigeration double-system principle of an evaporation circulation system, oil is required to be used as a heat source, the temperature of the oil is relatively slow to increase, wen Haoshi is relatively long, heat is difficult to obtain particularly in a low-temperature environment when the temperature of the oil is relatively low, the sealing requirement of a circulation pipeline design is relatively high, and once leakage occurs, high-pressure refrigerant enters the oil system, so that flight safety is affected. When the control system disclosed by the patent runs, the refrigeration cycle and the lubricating oil cycle are mutually coupled, the fluid temperature and the fluid pressure in the two cycles are mutually influenced, and the control method is complex.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the system, the invention provides an air conditioning system capable of being independently regulated by multiple cabins and a control method thereof, wherein the air conditioning system is configured to form the same air conditioning module for each cabin, and high-temperature bleed air from an engine, low-temperature refrigerant from a refrigerating unit and fresh air from outside the engine are uniformly distributed as inputs, so that each cabin has independent air regulating and filtering capabilities. Moreover, the system has good expansion capability, the whole framework is concise, the components are concentrated, and the space on the machine can be greatly saved and the weight requirement can be reduced.
The technical scheme is that the air conditioning system capable of being independently regulated by multiple cabins comprises an engine bleed air regulating component, an evaporation circulation refrigerating device, a wind source switching component, a fan, a plurality of sensors, a controller and an air distribution mechanism, wherein the controller is used for independently controlling a working mode corresponding to each cabin section according to the requirement of each cabin section, any cabin section is used for sharing the same engine bleed air source, the evaporation circulation refrigerating device and an ambient air source during working, the working modes corresponding to any cabin section at least comprise three working modes of ventilation, heating and refrigeration, in the ventilation mode, the fan is used for sucking air in the cabin and air outside the cabin into the system, in the process of the suction system, the mixing proportion of the air is regulated by the wind source switching component, the regulated air is distributed to a cabin by the air distribution mechanism, the heating mode is based on the ventilation mode, the high temperature bleed air of the engine bleed air regulating component is regulated by judging the air supply temperature of the inlet air distribution mechanism, after the engine bleed air is mixed with the air sucked by the fan, the air supply temperature is lifted and distributed to the cabin, in the cooling mode is judged on the basis of the ventilation mode, and the cooling air is circulated by the air distribution mechanism, and the cooling mode is cooled by the cooling air distribution mechanism.
Furthermore, the engine bleed air adjusting assembly comprises an electric valve and an injection nozzle, and when the engine bleed air adjusting assembly works, high-temperature and high-pressure bleed air from an engine bleed air pipeline is uniformly distributed, and air sucked by a fan is mixed with the high-temperature bleed air by adjusting the opening of the electric valve, so that the heating requirement of each cabin section is realized.
Further, the air conditioning system further comprises a silencing and mixing assembly, wherein the silencing and mixing assembly is arranged at the engine air entraining nozzle and used for reducing noise in the engine air entraining process.
Furthermore, the wind source switching assembly can adopt a wind source switching valve, so that the mixing proportion of the air in the cabin and the air outside the cabin can be adjusted, and one of the air sources can be directly closed.
Further, the evaporation circulation refrigeration device comprises a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator.
Furthermore, the air distribution mechanism comprises a quick-detachable air filter element structure, and different filter elements can be arranged according to the requirements, so that dust prevention and gas prevention filtration are realized.
Further, the controller comprises a temperature setting knob and a refrigerating switch, wherein the temperature setting knob is used for dividing a ventilation and heating working mode and setting the target temperature of air supply to the cabin in an associated mode when the refrigerating switch is closed, and is used for setting the cabin temperature when the refrigerating switch is opened.
The invention also provides a control method of the air conditioning system capable of being independently regulated by multiple cabins, which comprises the following steps:
Checking the states of a temperature setting knob and a refrigerating switch, wherein the temperature setting knob is used for dividing a ventilation and heating working mode when the refrigerating switch is closed and setting the target temperature of air supply to a cabin in an associated mode;
when the controller judges that the air ventilation mode is adopted, the engine bleed air adjusting component and the evaporation circulation refrigerating device are closed, only the fan works, the fan sucks the air in the cabin and the air outside the cabin into the system, the mixing proportion of the air in the cabin and the air outside the cabin is adjusted through the air source switching component in the process of sucking the system, and the adjusted air is distributed to the cabin through the air distribution mechanism;
When the controller judges a heating mode, the controller calculates and determines the air supply target temperature according to a linear mapping relation, and the opening of the electric valve is regulated to enable the temperature acquired by the air supply temperature sensor to be close to the air supply target temperature so as to realize heating in the cabin section;
When the controller judges that the air conditioner is in a refrigeration mode, firstly, an ambient air source is cut off through an air source switching valve, the opening of an electronic expansion valve in the evaporation circulation refrigeration device is adjusted, the temperature at the outlet of the air source switching valve is compared with the temperature set by a temperature setting knob in real time, and the power of the evaporation circulation refrigeration device and the air quantity of a fan are adjusted until two temperature values are close.
Further, a temperature relay is arranged at the inlet of the air distribution mechanism, and when the air supply temperature relay detects that the air supply temperature exceeds a set threshold value, the electric valve is quickly closed to prevent high-temperature air from entering the cabin.
Furthermore, the temperature sensor arranged at the outlet of the air source switching valve can also collect the temperature of the air outside the cabin in real time, and the recorded data can be used for analysis and investigation after faults occur.
The invention has the beneficial technical effects that the evaporation circulation refrigerating system and the engine air-entraining heating system are organically combined on the configuration of the helicopter environmental control system, the components in the two independent systems are shared, such as a fan, a wind source switching valve, a sensor, an air distribution assembly, a filter and the like, so that the system cost and the weight cost are greatly reduced, meanwhile, the air conditioning system can be expanded into a plurality of air conditioning modules according to the helicopter configuration to realize independent regulation of temperature control of a plurality of cabin sections, any cabin section works while sharing the same engine air-entraining air source, evaporation circulation refrigerating device and environmental air source, and compared with the configuration of independent design of the traditional ventilation, heating and refrigerating system, the modularized design of temperature regulation in a single cabin section has higher integration level, and the installation space and equipment cost of the system are greatly reduced. The environmental control system configuration provided by the invention can support the personalized requirements of multi-cabin environmental regulation, for example, the requirements of refrigerating one cabin and heating the other cabin can be met without adding extra cost. Compared with the existing multi-cabin environment control system of the helicopter, the system introduces fresh air in the environment, utilizes engine bleed air to carry out temperature adjustment, adopts a temperature control system with a gas circuit design, has high control linearity, and does not have the risk of controlling divergence.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a temperature control system architecture of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an air distribution mechanism;
The air distribution system comprises an air distribution assembly 1, an air supply temperature sensor 3, an injection nozzle 5, an electric valve 6, an evaporator 8, an air intake temperature sensor 9, an air source switching valve 10, an electronic expansion valve 11, a refrigerant pipeline 12, an engine bleed air pipeline 13, a refrigeration assembly 14, a fresh air pipeline 15, a return air pipeline 16, an air supply filter screen 17, a temperature setting knob 18 and a refrigeration switch.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
An air conditioning system (shown in figure 1) capable of being independently regulated by multiple cabins comprises an air distribution assembly 1, an air supply temperature sensor 2, an air supply temperature relay 3, an injection nozzle 4, an electric valve 5, a fan 6, an evaporator 7, an air inlet temperature sensor 8, an air source switching valve 9, an electronic expansion valve 10, a refrigerant pipeline 11, an engine air entraining pipeline 12, a refrigeration assembly 13, a fresh air pipeline 14, an air return pipeline 15 and an air supply filter screen 16. The air conditioning of each cabin section has the same realization logic, only one cabin section is used for describing that the fan 6 is used as a power source for air circulation, the air source switching valve 9 can select the air source entering the cabin through the valve position, the air in the cabin return air pipeline 15 or the fresh air pipeline 14 outside the cabin can be selected, the functions of 'inner ventilation' and 'outer ventilation' are realized, the air distribution assembly 1 conveys the regulated air supply into the cabin through the distribution pipeline, the air supply filter screen 16 can be inserted, the common impurity filter screen is inserted in the conventional use, the anti-virus filter core is inserted in advance in the operation, the air distribution assembly 1 and the air supply filter screen 16 jointly realize the filtering and distribution functions of the air supply, the air conditioning mainly comprises three modes of heating, refrigerating and ventilation, wherein the opening degree of the electric valve 5 is regulated in the heating mode, the high-temperature air-entraining nozzle 4 is sprayed out of the air-entraining pipeline 12 immediately in the engine, the air supply is mixed and heated in the refrigerating mode, the low-temperature refrigerant from the refrigerating assembly 13 exchanges heat with the air supplied by the fan 6 in the evaporator 7 through regulating the opening degree of the electronic expansion valve 10, the electric expansion valve 5 and the ventilation system is realized in the refrigerating mode, and the electronic expansion valve 10 is closed after the electronic expansion valve 10 is operated in the ventilating mode. The air conditioning modes of the cabin sections can be selected according to the requirements, and the modes are not influenced.
In one embodiment, the engine bleed air adjusting assembly comprises an injection nozzle 4 and an electric valve 5, and when the engine bleed air adjusting assembly works, high-temperature and high-pressure bleed air from an engine bleed air pipeline is uniformly distributed, and air sucked by the fan 6 is mixed with the high-temperature bleed air by adjusting the opening of the electric valve 5, so that the heating requirement of each cabin section is realized. And a silencing mixing assembly is designed at the injection nozzle 4 of the engine bleed air and is used for reducing noise in the engine bleed air process.
In addition, the air source switching assembly can adopt an air source switching valve 9, and the switching valve can not only adjust the mixing proportion of the air in the cabin and the air outside the cabin, but also directly close one air source.
When the temperature setting knob is closed, the temperature setting knob is used for dividing ventilation and heating working modes and is used for setting the target temperature of air supply to the cabin in a correlated mode; when the refrigeration switch is turned on, the temperature setting knob is used to set the cabin temperature.
Referring to fig. 2, an air supply filter screen 16 is added to the air distribution assembly 1, and the filter screen comprises a quick-release air filter element structure, and can be filled with different filter elements according to requirements to realize dust-proof and gas-proof filtration. Especially for some special application scenes, the meaning is great.
The temperature regulation system and the temperature regulation method provided by the invention mainly have the innovative design points that:
1. The high-temperature high-pressure bleed air from the engine bleed air pipeline 12 is uniformly distributed, and the air sucked by the fan 6 is mixed with the high-temperature bleed air by adjusting the opening of the electric valve 5, so that the heating requirement of each cabin section is realized;
2. The low-temperature high-pressure refrigerant from the refrigerating assembly 13 is uniformly distributed, the flow of the refrigerant entering the evaporator 7 is controlled by adjusting the opening of the electronic expansion valve 10, the temperature of the air sucked by the fan 6 is reduced after heat exchange with the evaporator 7, and the refrigerating requirement of each cabin section can be realized;
3. the fan 6 works in heating, refrigerating and ventilation modes, and the air quantity regulation requirement of each cabin section can be realized by setting the gear of the fan 6;
4. The air source switching valve 9 can switch air sources in heating, refrigerating and ventilating modes, so that cabin air from the return air pipeline 15 can be selected, fresh air from the fresh air pipeline 14 can be also selected, and each cabin section can be independently regulated according to requirements;
5. the air distribution assembly 1 can control the air outlet to flow, and comprises an upper air outlet, a lower air outlet or a demisting port, wherein a filter element can be inserted into the air distribution assembly, a dustproof filter element can be inserted into the air distribution assembly during normal use, and a gas protection filter element can be inserted into the air distribution assembly under the combat environment;
6. the air conditioning modes of each cabin section are mutually independent, when the refrigeration switch 18 is in a closed state, the electronic expansion valve 10 is closed, the air conditioning in the corresponding cabin section is in a ventilation or heating mode, and when the refrigeration switch 18 is in an open state, the electric valve 5 is closed, and the air conditioning in the corresponding cabin section is in a ventilation or refrigeration mode;
7. the injection nozzle 4 has injection effect, and in the normal heating process, if the fan 6 fails, part of air is injected to be mixed, so that high-temperature gas is prevented from directly entering the air distribution assembly 1;
8. The refrigerating assembly 13 comprises a compressor and a condenser which are integrally designed together, so that modularized substitution can be realized, and the refrigerating assembly is connected with a refrigerant pipeline when different cabin sections need refrigeration;
9. the evaporator 7 is designed to be in a detachable state, and after the evaporator 7, the electronic expansion valve 10, the refrigerant pipeline 11 and the refrigeration assembly 13 are detached, the ventilation and heating modes are not affected;
10. When the set temperature is between 16 and 20 ℃, the electric valve 5 is closed, and the corresponding cabin air conditioning is in a ventilation mode, when the set temperature is between 20 and 32 ℃, the air supply target temperature is obtained by subtracting 60 ℃ from a set temperature value which is 4 times, the opening of the electric valve 5 is adjusted, so that the temperature acquired by the air supply temperature sensor 2 is close to the air supply target temperature, heating in the cabin is realized, the higher the set temperature value is, the higher the air supply temperature is, the lower the set temperature value is, the air supply temperature is close to the set temperature, and the heating requirement is met, and meanwhile, the bleed air from the engine bleed air pipeline 12 is effectively saved;
11. When the air supply temperature relay 3 detects that the air supply temperature exceeds 93 ℃, the electric valve 5 is quickly closed, so that high-temperature gas is prevented from entering the cabin;
12. the intake air temperature sensor 8 can collect cabin air temperature from the return air pipeline 15, and can also collect fresh air temperature from the fresh air pipeline 14, and recorded data can be used for analysis and investigation after faults occur.
The air conditioning system capable of being independently regulated by multiple cabins and the control method thereof provided by the invention are characterized in that the same air conditioning module is configured for each cabin, and the high-temperature bleed air from the engine, the low-temperature refrigerant from the refrigerating unit and the fresh air from the outside of the cabin are uniformly distributed as inputs, so that each cabin has independent air regulating and filtering capabilities. Moreover, the system has good expansion capability, the whole framework is concise, the components are concentrated, and the space on the machine can be greatly saved and the weight requirement can be reduced. Compared with the existing multi-cabin environment control system of the helicopter, the system introduces fresh air in the environment, utilizes engine bleed air to carry out temperature adjustment, adopts a temperature control system with a gas circuit design, has high control linearity, and does not have the risk of controlling divergence.
The foregoing is merely a detailed description of the invention, which is not a matter of routine skill in the art. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily contemplated by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. A control method of an air conditioning system capable of being independently regulated by multiple cabins is characterized in that the air conditioning system comprises an engine bleed air regulating assembly, an evaporation circulation refrigerating device, a wind source switching assembly, a fan, a plurality of sensors, a controller and an air distribution mechanism; the controller independently controls the working modes corresponding to each cabin section according to the requirements of each cabin section, any cabin section shares the same engine bleed air source, an evaporation circulation refrigerating device and an ambient air source when in operation, the working modes corresponding to any cabin section at least comprise three working modes of ventilation, heating and refrigerating, in the ventilation mode, the fan is used for sucking air in the cabin and air outside the cabin into the system, the mixing proportion of the air in the ventilation mode is regulated by the air source switching assembly, the regulated air is distributed to the cabin by the air distribution mechanism, the heating mode is based on the ventilation mode, the engine bleed air regulating assembly is regulated by judging the air supply temperature entering the air distribution mechanism, a certain amount of high-temperature bleed air of an engine is introduced, the air supply temperature is increased and distributed to the cabin after the engine bleed air is mixed with the air sucked by the fan, and the refrigerating mode is based on the ventilation mode, the air supply temperature sucked by the fan is regulated by judging the air supply temperature entering the air distribution mechanism, the evaporation circulation refrigerating device is cooled, and the air supply temperature is reduced and distributed to the cabin;
the controller comprises a temperature setting knob and a refrigeration switch, wherein the temperature setting knob is used for dividing a ventilation and heating working mode and setting the target temperature of air supply to a cabin in a correlated manner when the refrigeration switch is closed;
The control method comprises the following steps:
Checking the states of a temperature setting knob and a refrigerating switch, wherein the temperature setting knob is used for dividing a ventilation and heating working mode when the refrigerating switch is closed and setting the target temperature of air supply to a cabin in an associated mode;
when the controller judges that the air ventilation mode is adopted, the engine bleed air adjusting component and the evaporation circulation refrigerating device are closed, only the fan works, the fan sucks the air in the cabin and the air outside the cabin into the system, the mixing proportion of the air in the cabin and the air outside the cabin is adjusted through the air source switching component in the process of sucking the system, and the adjusted air is distributed to the cabin through the air distribution mechanism;
When the controller judges a heating mode, the controller calculates and determines the air supply target temperature according to a linear mapping relation, and the opening of the electric valve is regulated to enable the temperature acquired by the air supply temperature sensor to be close to the air supply target temperature so as to realize heating in the cabin section;
When the controller judges that the air conditioner is in a refrigeration mode, firstly, an ambient air source is cut off through an air source switching valve, the opening of an electronic expansion valve in the evaporation circulation refrigeration device is adjusted, the temperature at the outlet of the air source switching valve is compared with the temperature set by a temperature setting knob in real time, and the power of the evaporation circulation refrigeration device and the air quantity of a fan are adjusted until two temperature values are close.
2. The control method of the air conditioning system capable of being independently regulated by multiple cabins according to claim 1, wherein the engine bleed air regulating assembly comprises an electric valve and an injection nozzle, and when the control method is in operation, high-temperature and high-pressure bleed air from an engine bleed air pipeline is uniformly distributed, and air sucked by a fan is mixed with the high-temperature bleed air by regulating the opening degree of the electric valve, so that the heating requirement of each cabin segment is realized.
3. The method of controlling an air conditioning system for independent adjustment of multiple compartments according to claim 2, wherein the air conditioning system further comprises a silencing mixing assembly arranged at the engine bleed air nozzle for reducing noise during the engine bleed air process.
4. The method for controlling an air conditioning system capable of independent adjustment of multiple compartments according to claim 1, wherein the evaporation cycle refrigeration device comprises a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the air distribution mechanism comprises a quick-release air cartridge structure that can be incorporated into different types of cartridges as desired.
6. The control method of an air conditioning system for independent adjustment of multiple cabins according to claim 1, wherein a temperature relay is further arranged at the inlet of the air distribution mechanism, and when the air supply temperature relay detects that the air supply temperature exceeds a set threshold, the electric shutter is rapidly closed to prevent high temperature air from entering the cabin.
7. The control method of an air conditioning system capable of being independently regulated by multiple cabins according to claim 1, wherein a temperature sensor arranged at the outlet of the air source switching valve can also collect the temperature of the air from outside the cabins in real time, and the recorded data can be used for analysis and investigation after faults occur.
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| CN202211439847.0A CN115817818B (en) | 2022-11-17 | 2022-11-17 | An air conditioning system and its control method that can independently adjust multiple cabins |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109334997A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-02-15 | 中国直升机设计研究所 | A kind of helicopter ring control control system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| DE102008056417B4 (en) * | 2008-11-07 | 2010-11-11 | Airbus Deutschland Gmbh | Method and system for emergency ventilation of an aircraft cabin |
| KR101242747B1 (en) * | 2010-12-10 | 2013-03-11 | 한국항공우주산업 주식회사 | Air conditioner equipment for Aircraft |
| CN109367791B (en) * | 2018-10-18 | 2022-05-13 | 中国航空工业集团公司金城南京机电液压工程研究中心 | Electric environment control system for multi-electric airplane |
| CN109533345A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-03-29 | 中国直升机设计研究所 | A kind of comprehensive ring control control system of helicopter |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109334997A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-02-15 | 中国直升机设计研究所 | A kind of helicopter ring control control system |
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